Electro Hydraulic Automation (EHA)
℡
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Training center
LG PLC training course
Level II (intermediate level)
Electro Hydraulic Automation (EHA)
Level 2 (intermediate level)
Pre-requisites : LG PLC training course I
Duration : 6 days two hours per day
Description : advanced PLC programming and application
Technology : • LG K7M/MK-120S
• PC
• KGL and other appropriate Software Target audience : All person that are required to deal with PLC
circuits and PLC programming and attended LG PLC training course I.
contents : Lesson 1:
• Analogue signal • Analogue input device • Analogue output device • Number systems
Lesson 2:
• Bits, bytes and words
• Memory map D,P,M as word • Mathematical operation
Lesson 3:
• Direct and indirect addressing • Analogue to digital converter • Digital to analog converter
Lesson 4:
• High speed counter • Examples
Lesson 5:
• HMI principles
• Connecting the plc to HMI • application
Lesson 6:
• project technique using plc and HMI together
Course Philosophy:
Training depends mainly on Practical applications. The course contents are spread out over a 6-day period one lesson per day every lesson is two hours, thus allowing absorption of technical data through practical example. Training manuals are supplied to the student for future reference. Included in the course is a copy of the entire PLC and HMI reference manuals in soft copy version.
Once a student has completed the LG PLC course level II, he/she will be able to:
• Deal with analog inputs and outputs. • Be aware of analog devices.
• Understand the hexadecimal numerical system. • Understand the HSC function and the operation of
incremental encoder.
• Design HMI programs and connection of HMI to plc. • Able to make mathematical operations and comparison
operations.
Main Points
1.1 Analog Signal
1.2 Analog input devices
1.3 Analog Output devices
1.4 Number systems
Definitions of Analog Signal
An analog signal is a continuously variable representation of a physical quantity, property, or condition such as pressure, flow, temperature, etc.
Analog sensors convert physical phenomena to measurable signals, typically Voltages or currents. Consider a simple temperature
measuring device, there will be an increase in output voltage proportional to a temperature rise.
A computer could measure the voltage, and convert it to a temperature.
The basic physical phenomena typically measured with sensors include.
- Angular or linear position - Acceleration
- Temperature
- Pressure or flow rates - Stress, strain or force - Light intensity
- Sound
Most of these sensors are based on subtle electrical properties of materials and devices. As a result the signals often require signal conditioners.
These are often amplifiers that boost currents and voltages to larger voltages.
1.2.1 Angular Displacement
a- Potentiometers
Potentiometers measure the angular position of a shaft using a variable resistor.
A potentiometer is shown in Figure The potentiometer is resistor, normally made with a thin film of resistive material. A wiper can be moved along the surface of the resistive film. As the wiper moves toward one end there will be a change in resistance proportional to the distance moved. If a voltage is applied across the resistor, the voltage at the wiper Interpolate the voltages at the ends of the resistor.
The potentiometer in Figure 23.2 is being used as a voltage divider. As the wiper rotates the output voltage will be proportional to the angle of rotation.
B- Encoders
See encoder &HSC chapter
C-Tachometers
Tachometers measure the velocity of a rotating shaft. A common technique is to mount a magnet to a rotating shaft. When the
magnetic moves past a stationary pick-up coil, current is induced. For each rotation of the shaft there is a pulse in the coil, as shown in Figure. When the time between the pulses is measured the period for one rotation can be found, and the frequency calculated. This
technique often requires some signal conditioning circuitry.
Another common technique uses a simple permanent magnet DC generator
(Note: you can also use a small DC motor). The generator is hooked to the rotating shaft. The rotation of a shaft will induce a voltage
proportional to the angular velocity. This technique
Will introduce some drag into the system, and is used where efficiency is not an issue.
1.2.2 Linear Position
Rotational potentiometers were discussed before, but potentiometers are also available in linear/sliding form. These are capable of
measuring linear displacement over long distances. Figure shows the output voltage when using the potentiometer as a voltage divider.
1.2.3 Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDT)
Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDTs) measure linear displacements over a limited range. The basic device is shown in Figure it consists of outer coils with an inner moving magnetic core. High frequency alternating current (AC) is applied to the center coil. This generates a magnetic field that induces a current in the two outside coils. The core will pull the magnetic field towards it, so in the figure more current will be induced in the left hand coil. The outside coils are wound in opposite directions so that when the core is in the center the induced currents cancel, and the signal out is zero (0Vac). The magnitude of the signal out voltage on either line indicates the position of the core. Near the center of motion the change in voltage is proportional to the displacement. But, further from the center the relationship becomes nonlinear.
Advantage of LVDT:
Produces a higher output voltage for small changes in position
1.2.4 Forces and Moments
Strain Gages
Strain gages measure strain in materials using the change in resistance of a wire.
The wire is glued to the surface of a part, so that it undergoes the same strain as the part (at the mount point). Figure shows the basic properties of the unreformed wire. Basically, the resistance of the wire is a function of the receptivity, length, and cross sectional area.
A strain gage must be small for accurate readings, so the wire is actually wound in a uniaxial or rosette pattern, as shown in Figure When using uniaxial gages the direction is important, it must be placed in the direction of the normal stress.
Note: the gages cannot read shear stress.
Rosette gages are less sensitive to direction, and if a shear force is present the gage will measure the resulting normal force at 45 degrees.
These gauges are sold on thin films that are glued to the surface of a part. The process of mounting strain gages involves surface cleaning. Application of adhesives and soldering leads to the strain gages.
A design techniques using strain gages is to design a part with a narrowed neck to mount the strain gage on, as shown in Figure In the narrow neck the strain is proportional to the load on the member, so it may be used to measure force. These parts are often called load cells.
Strain gauges are inexpensive, and can be used to measure a wide range of stresses with accuracies under 1%. Gages require calibration before each use. This often involves making a reading with no load, or a known load applied.
An example application includes using strain gages to measure die forces during stamping to estimate when maintenance is needed.
1.2.5 Liquids and Gases
There are a number of factors to be considered when examining liquids and gasses.
• Flowvelocity
• Density
• Viscosity • Pressure
There are a number of differences factors to be considered when dealing with fluids and gases.
Normally a fluid is considered incompressible, while a gas normally follows the ideal gas law. Also, given sufficiently high enough temperatures, or low enough pressures a fluid can be come a liquid. PV = nRT
Where,
P = the gas pressure V = the volume of the gas
n = the number of moles of the gas R=the ideal gas constant
T = the gas temperature
When flowing, the flow may be smooth, or laminar. In case of high flow rates or unrestricted flow, turbulence may result.
The Reynolds's number is used to determine the transition to turbulence.
The equation below is for calculation the Reynolds's number for fluid flow in a pipe. A value below 2000 will result in laminar flow. At a value of about 3000 the fluid flow will become uneven. At a value between 7000 and 8000 the flow will become turbulent.
A-Pressure
Figure shows different two mechanisms for pressure measurement. The Bourdon tube uses a circular pressure tube.
When the pressure inside is higher than the surrounding air pressure (14.7psi approx.) the tube will straighten. A position sensor, connected to the end of the tube, will be elongated when the pressure increases.
B-Venturi Valves
When a flowing fluid or gas passes through a narrow pipe section (neck) the pressure drops. If there is no flow the pressure before and after the neck will be the same. The faster the fluid flow, the greater the pressure difference before and after the neck. This is known as a Venturi valve. Figure shows a Venturi valve being used to measure a fluid flow rate. The fluid flow rate will be proportional to the pressure difference before and at the neck (or after the neck) of the valve.
Venturi valves allow pressures to be read without moving parts, which makes them very reliable and durable. They work well for both fluids and gases. It is also common to use Venturi valves to generate vacuums for actuators, such as suction cups.
C- Ultrasonic Flow Meter
A transmitter emits a high frequency sound at point on a tube. The signal must then pass through the fluid to a detector where it is picked up. If the fluid is flowing in the same direction as the sound it will arrive sooner. If the sound is against the flow it will take longer to arrive. In a transit time flow meter two sounds are used, one traveling forward, and the other in the opposite direction. The difference in travel time for the sounds is used to determine the flow velocity.
A Doppler flow meter bounces a sound wave off particle in a flow. If the particle is moving away from the emitter and detector pair, then the detected frequency will be lowered, if it is moving towards them the frequency will be higher. The transmitter and receiver have a minimal impact on the fluid flow, and therefore Don’t result in pressure drops.
D- Pilot Tubes
Gas flow rates can be measured using Pitot tubes, as shown in These are small tubes that project into a flow. The diameter of the tube is small (typically less than 1/8") so that it doesn’t affect the flow.
1.2.6 Temperature
Temperature measurements are very common with control systems. The temperature ranges are normally described with the following classifications. very low temperatures <-60 deg C - e.g. superconductors in MRI units low temperature measurement -60 to 0 deg C - e.g. freezer controls fine temperature measurements 0 to 100 deg C - e.g. environmental controls high temperature measurements <3000 deg F - e.g. metal refining/processing
A- Resistive Temperature Detectors (RTDs)
When a metal wire is heated the resistance increases. So, a temperature can be measured using the resistance of a wire. Resistive Temperature Detectors (RTDs) normally use a wire or film of platinum, nickel, copper or nickel-iron alloys. The metals are wound or wrapped over an insulator, and covered for protection. The resistances of these alloys are shown in Figure.
These devices have positive temperature coefficients that cause resistance to increase linearly with temperature. Platinum RTD might have a resistance of 100 ohms at 0C, which will increase by 0.4 ohms/°C.
The total resistance of an RTD might double over the temperature range. A current must be passed through the RTD to measure the resistance. (Note: a voltage divider can be used to convert the resistance to a voltage.) The current through the RTD should be kept to a minimum to prevent self heating. These devices are more linear than thermocouples, and can have accuracies of 0.05%. But, they can be expensive
B- Thermocouples
Each metal has a natural potential level, and when two different metals touch there is a small potential difference, a voltage. (Note: when designing assemblies, dissimilar metals should not touch, this will lead to corrosion.) Thermocouples use a junction of dissimilar metals to generate a voltage proportional to temperature. This principle was discovered by T.J. Seebeck.
The basic calculations for thermocouples are shown in Figure.
This calculation provides the measured voltage using a reference temperature and a constant specific
The list in Table 1 shows different junction types, and the normal temperature ranges. Both thermocouples, and signal conditioners are commonly available, and relatively inexpensive. For example, most PLC vendors sell thermocouple input cards that will allow multiple inputs into the PLC.
The junction where the thermocouple is connected to the measurement instrument is normally cooled to reduce the thermocouple effects at those junctions. When using a thermocouple for precision measurement, a second thermocouple can be kept at a known temperature for reference. A series of thermocouples connected
together in series produces a higher voltage and is called a thermopile. Readings can approach an accuracy of 0.5%.
C- Thermistors
Thermistors are non-linear devices; their resistance will decrease with an increase in temperature. (Note: this is because the extra heat reduces electron mobility in the semiconductor.)
The resistance can change by more than 1000 times. The basic calculation is shown in Figure often metal oxide semiconductors the calculation uses a reference temperature and resistance, with a constant for the device, to predict the resistance at another temperature. The expression can be rearranged to calculate the temperature given the resistance.
1.2.7 Chemical
A-pH
The pH of an ionic fluid can be measured over the range from a strong base (alkaline) with pH=14, to a neutral value, pH=7, to a strong acid, pH=0. These measurements are normally made with electrodes that are in direct contact with the fluids.
B-Conductivity
Conductivity of a material, often a liquid is often used to detect impurities. This can be measured directly be applying a voltage across two plates submerged in the liquid and measuring the current. A high frequency inductive field is another alternative.
Analog output devices are like analog input devices
where it takes an analog signal may be voltage or current,
where the effect of the output varies according the value of
the output signal.
Example: -proportional valves.
-Speed reference for ac inverter or dc converter.
People were always difficult to except the fact that something is different from themselves or their way of thinking. It is probably one of the reasons why numerical systems other than decimal are hard to understand.
Still, whether we like it or not, reality is quite different. Decimal system used in everyday life is by far less used than binary code, which is the working base for millions of computers across the world.
1.4.1-Decimal numerical system:
Decimal numerical system is defined with its base 10 and decimal positioning from right to left, and it consists of digits 0, 1, 2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9.
This means that the rightmost digit is multiplied by 1 in total sum; next digit to it is multiplied by 10, next one by 100, etc.
Example:
Operations of addition, subtraction, division and multiplication in decimal numerical system are well known, so we will not detail these.
1.4.2-Binary numerical system
Binary numerical system is quite different from the decimal that we got used to in common life. Its base is 2 and each digit can have one of two values, “1” or “0”. Binary numerical system is used for computers and microcontrollers, because it is much easier for processing than decimal. Usually, binary number consists of 8, 16 or 32 binary digits. Origins of this division are irrelevant for this course, so we will just take it for granted.
Example:
10011011 - Binary number with 8 digits
Example:
24-1 = 16 - 1 = 15
So, 4 binary digits cover decimal values from 0 to 15, including the values “0” and “15”, which is 16 different values.
Arithmetical operations that exist in decimal numerical system also apply in binary system. In this chapter, we will cover only addition and subtraction, for simplicity sake.
Basic rules that apply to binary addition are:
Addition works similar to decimal numerical system - we add the digits of the same weight. If both digits added are zero, the result remains zero, while “0” and “1” total “1”. Two ones give zero, but one is carried to the left position.
We can do the check by converting these numbers to decimal system and adding them. Value of the first number is 10, value of the second is 9 and 19 as result, which means that operation was done correctly. Problem occurs when the result is greater than can be represented with given number of binary digits. There are various solutions, one of them being expanding the number of binary digits like in the example below
Subtraction works on the same principles as addition does. Two zeros give zero in result, as do two ones, while subtraction of one from zero requires borrowing one from the higher position in binary number.
Example:
Conversion of numbers to decimal system gives as values 10 and 9, with the result of subtraction of 1, which is correct.
1.4.3-Hexadecimal numerical system
Hexadecimal numerical system has number 16 for basis. Therefore, there are 16 different digits used in this system. These are “0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F”. Letters A, B, C, D, E and F represent values 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and are used for the sake of easier notation. As with binary numerical system, we can apply the same formula here for determining the greatest decimal number that can be represented with a given number of hexadecimal digits.
Example:
162 - 1 = 256 - 1 = 255
Usually, hexadecimal numbers have prefix “$” or “0x” to emphasize the fact that hexadecimal system is used. Thus, number A37E should be represented with $A37E or 0xA37E. No calculations are needed for converting the hexadecimal number to binary system - it is simple substituting of hexadecimal digits with binary ones. Since maximum value of hexadecimal digit is 15, 4 binary digits are required per one hexadecimal.
Example:
Check, i.e. converting both numbers to decimal system, gives us value 228 which is correct.
In order to calculate decimal equivalent of hexadecimal number, each digit of number should be multiplied by 16 raised to power equal to the position in the number and then added altogether.
`Addition works similar to two previous numerical systems.
Example:
It is required to add the appropriate digits of a number, and if their sum equals 16, that position takes value “0”. Values exceeding 16 should be added to the sum of digits on higher position. First number converted equals 14891, while other is 43457. Their sum is 58348, which is $E3EC converted to decimal numerical system. Subtraction works identically to previously mentioned systems.
Example:
Conversion gives us numbers 11590 and 5970, and the result of subtractions is 5620, that is $15F4 converted to decimal numerical system.
Conclusion
Binary numerical system remains the most commonly used, decimal system the most intelligible, while hexadecimal is somewhere in between. Its simple conversion to binary system makes it, besides binary and decimal, the most important numerical system to us.
Memo:
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Main Points
2.1 Bits, bytes and words
2.2 Memory map D,P,M as word
2.3 Mathematical operation
Definitions: Bit
A bit is the smallest unit of information on a machine. This term was first used in 1946 by John Tukey, a leading statistician and adviser to five presidents. A single bit can hold only one of two values: 0 or 1. More meaningful information is obtained by combining consecutive bits into larger units. For example, a byte is composed of 8 consecutive bits.
The Nibble
A nibble is a collection of bits on a 4-bit boundary. It wouldn't be a particularly interesting data structure except for two items: BCD (binary coded decimal) numbers and hexadecimal (base 16) numbers. It takes four bits to represent a single BCD or hexadecimal digit.
With a nibble, we can represent up to 16 distinct values. In the case of hexadecimal numbers, the values 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F are represented with four bits. BCD uses ten different digits (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9) and requires four bits. In fact, any sixteen distinct values can be represented with a nibble, but hexadecimal and BCD digits are the primary items we can represent with a single nibble.
b3 b2 b1 b0
The Byte
The byte is a collection of 8 bits The Word
The word is a group of 16 bits. We will number the bits in a word starting from bit zero (b0) through fifteen (b15) as follows:
b15 b14 b13 b12 b11 b10 b9 b8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Like the byte, bit 0 is the LSB and bit 15 is the MSB. When referencing the other bits in a word use their bit position number.
Notice that a word contains exactly two bytes. Bits b0 through b7 form the low order byte, bits 8 through 15 form the high order byte. Naturally, a word may be further broken down into four nibbles. Nibble zero is the low order nibble in the word and nibble three is the high order nibble of the word. The other two nibbles are "nibble one" or "nibble two".
With 16 bits, you can represent 2^16 (65,536) different values. These could be the unsigned numeric values in the range of 0 => 65,535, signed numeric values in the range of -32,768 => +32,767 or any other data type with no more than 65,536 values. The three major uses for words are
1. 16-bit integer data values 2. 16-bit memory addresses
3. any number system requiring 16 bits or less The Double Word
A double word is exactly what its name implies, two words. Therefore, a double word quantity is 32 bits. Naturally, this double word can be divided into a high order word and a low order word, four bytes, or eight nibbles.
Double words can represent all kinds of different data. It may be 1. an unsigned double word in the range of 0 => 4,294,967,295, 2. a signed double word in the range -2,147,483,648 =>
2,147,483,647,
3. a 32-bit floating point value
4. any data that requires 32 bits or less
- can deal with LG MK PLC data registers as words or as bits - as we know the LG plc data memory is divided into the devices:
p ,m ,k ,l ,f ,t ,c ,s ,d. we can use(p , m, k , l) as bits or as word ,that’s mean that there are a word named m10 and there are a bit named m10 as appear in the figure
The word Mxx
Bit Mxx0 Bit Mxx1
I can deal with s, contacts of timers T, contacts of counters C and some of F device as bits.
I can deal with d and coil of timers, coil of timers and some of F devices as words only
Device D
There are 5000 word of d device from d0 to d4500 are read/write data registers. From d4501 to d5000 are special registers that user can read them only.
To study PLC you must know the memory mapping of the data memory of this PLC, the PLC data memory is divided into several parts , every part have a name & special specifications , these parts called devices .
D
Æ
DATA REGISTER
D
device refer to data register (i.e. the store which you can store data in) can be used with timers countersNOTE:
No. of data register limited to PLC type for example there are 5000 data registers at master k 120s
M
Æ
AUXILIARY RELAY (MARKERS)
This device is not real input and not real outputs, you can only write in and read these bits using software instructions it is usually used to internal buffer bit calculation .
EXAMLPE:
M0
Æ internal imagine input or output in plc. NOTE:no. of points (Mxx) limited to plc software point no.(s) for example for master k120s from M000 to M191F (191*16= 3056 marker)
P
Æ
INPUT & OUTPUT IMAGE
This device for real input and real outputs only, you can change this device status (write in these bits) using hardware, if you put 24v on p0 input, the bit of p0 get high (on)
EXAMLPE:
P0
- Æ input for point labeled 0 on plc.P40
Æ output for point labeled 40 on plc. NOTE:Let's now look at using some basic math functions on our data. Many times in our applications we must execute some type of mathematical formula on our data. It's a rare occurrence when our data is actually exactly what we needed.
As an example, let's say we are manufacturing widgets. We don't want to display the total number we've made today, but rather we want to display how many more we need to make today to meet our quota. Let's say our quota for today is 1000 pieces. We'll say X is our current production. Therefore, we can figure that
1000-X=widgets left to make. To implement this formula we obviously need some math capability.
In general, MK PLCs almost always include these math functions:
• Addition- The capability to add one piece of data to another. It is
commonly called ADD.
• Subtraction- The capability to subtract one piece of data from
another. It is commonly called SUB.
• Multiplication- The capability to multiply one piece of data by
another. It is commonly called MUL.
• Division- The capability to divide one piece of data from another.
It is commonly called DIV.
LG MK PLC’s math instructions ask us for a few key pieces of information.
• Source A- This is the address of the first piece of data we will
use in our formula. In other words it's the location in memory of where the first "number" is that we use in the formula.
• Source B- This is the address of the second piece of data we will
use in our formula. In other words it's the location in memory of where the second "number" is that we use in the formula. -NOTE: typically we can only work with 2 pieces of data at a time. In other words we can't work directly with a formula like 1+2+3. We would have to break it up into pieces. Like 1+2=X then X+3= our result.
• Destination- This is the address where the result of our formula
will be put. For example, if 1+2=3, (I hope it still does!), the 3 would automatically be put into this destination memory location.
ADD symbol
The instructions above typically have a symbol that looks like that shown above. Of course, the word ADD would be replaced by SUB, MUL, DIV, etc. In this symbol, the source A is D30, the source B is constant (100) and the destination is d40.
Therefore, the formula is simply whatever value is in D30 + 1000 the result is automatically stored into D40.
Shown above is how to use math functions on a ladder diagram. Please note that once again we are using a one-shot instruction (D instruction). As we've seen before, this is because if we didn't use it we would execute the formula on every scan. Odds are good that we'd only want to execute the function one time when input P3 becomes true. If we had previously put the number 100 into D100 and 200 into D102, the number 300 would be stored in D110.(i.e. 100+200=300, right??)
What would happen if we had a result that was greater than the value that could be stored in a memory location?
Typically the memory locations are 16-bit locations. In plain words this means that if the number is greater than 65535 (2^16=65536) it is too big to fit. Then we get what's called an overflow. Typically the plc turns on an internal relay that tells us an overflow has happened. The result value will be more than 16 bit number this the plc will deal with this data as if it is 32 bit data, the low 16 bit will be stored into the destination address and the higher 16 bit will be stored in the data register after the destination data register for example if the destination is d110 then the lower 16 bit (word) will be stored in d110, the upper 16 bit (word) will be stored in d111,
Hint:
If the math operation result is less than 65536 then the result will be stored in the destination (d110 for example) and 0 will be stored in the data register after the destination (d111)
Math operations
1- Addition
The add instruction have the form Add oper1 oper2 oper3
As oper1: constant or word device oper2: constant or word device oper3: word device
This expression mean oper3 = oper1+oper2 Example
IF P0 pressed put in p5 the data in d30 plus 100 (P5=d30+100) If d30 has 200, then p5 equal 300.
2- Subtractions
The Subtractions have the form Sub oper1 oper2 oper3
As oper1: constant or word device oper2: constant or word device oper3: word device
This expression mean oper3 = oper1-oper2
3- multiplication
The mul instruction has the form mul oper1 oper2 oper3
As oper1: constant or word device oper2: constant or word device oper3: word device
4- Division instruction
The div instruction has the form Dev oper1 oper2 oper3
As oper1: constant or word device oper2: constant or word device oper3: word device
This expression mean oper3 = oper1/oper2
Notes:
The word is a collection of 16 bit you can save a number in it from 0 to 65535
If you want to deal with a number more than 65535
(1111111111111111b or ffff h) Then you will need to deal with double word
The double word is a collection of 32 bit then the number i can save in this device will variant from 0 to 4294967295
(11111111111111111111111111111111b or ffffffff h )
You can apply mov &math operations on double words , but in this case you will use instructions dmov , dadd ,dsub ,ddiv , dmul instead of mov , add , sub , mul , div
If you use this operation
dadd d10 d15 d100
Then the data in 32 bit of d10, d11 will added on d15, d16 and the result will be saved in d100, d101
5-Compare operations
It is very important thing in plc programming to know the relations of data.
Example:
You want to monitor the temperature in particular system, you want to out alarm (output P40) if the temp reach 100 degree, you can’t do this operation without using compare instructions
Compare instructions 1- > oper 1 oper2
This instruction will connect if oper1>oper2 As oper1: constant or word device oper2: constant or word device
Example
P40 will be on if data in d0 more than 100 2- < oper1 oper2
This instruction will connect if oper1>oper2 As oper1: constant or word device
oper2: constant or word device By the way use instructions
Memo:
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Main Points
3.1 Direct and indirect addressing
3.2 Analogue to digital converter
3.3 Digital to analog converter
3.1.1 Direct addressing
The D area is used to store numeric data. Each data register consists of 16 bits (1 word) which Is the unit of data read and write? The data resister number designated by the double-word instruction holds the lower 16 bits and the designated data register number + 1 holds the higher 16 bits.
3.1.2 Indirect addressing
#D is used for indirect addressing of the D area. The contained value of data register assigned with ‘#’ symbol points the real address of data register at which the result of operation is stored. If #D is used with a double-word instruction, the lower 16 bits will stored at the data resister number designated by the contained value of #D, and higher 16 bits will stored at the data Resister number + 1.
Analog input
Example: Variable resistor Load cell
Pressure transducer
Analog output
Example: proportional valves Speed ref.
REMARK
PLC converting these signals according to its (PLC) resolution (I.e. if the resolution is 12 bit (k80, k120, k200), so plc will converting these value from -48: 4047, and if the resolution is 14 bit (K300) the
conversion will be from 0:16000
Here we can connect up to three analog unit These units may be
Analog input current /volt 4 channel Analog output volt 4 channel Analog output current 4 channel Analog input/output 2/1 channel RTD 4 channel
THE ADRESSES
The special module and allocated data registers are as followings.
Item
Combination module
A/D Conversion
module
D/A Conversion module Analog timer RTD input module Data Register Expan sion G7F-ADHA 2input 1 output G7F-ADHB 2 input 2 output G7F-AD2A 4 input current/volt G7F-DA2I 4 output current G7F-DA2V 4 output volt G7F-AT2A Analog timer G7F-RD2A RTD D4980 CH0 A/D value CH0 A/D value CH0 A/D value CH0 D/A value CH0 D/A value CH0 A/T value CH0 Temperature D4981 CH1 A/D value CH1 A/D value CH1 A/D value CH1 D/A value CH1 D/A value CH1 A/T value CH1 temperature D4982 CH0 D/A value CH0 D/A value CH2 A/D value CH2 D/A value CH2 D/A value CH2 A/T value CH2 temperature D4983 #1 - CH1 D/A value CH3 A/D value CH3 D/A value CH3 D/A value CH3 A/T value CH3 temperature D4984 CH0 A/D value CH0 A/D value CH0 A/D value CH0 D/A value CH0 D/A value CH0 A/T value CH0 temperature D4985 CH1 A/D value CH1 A/D value CH1 A/D value CH1 D/A value CH1 D/A value CH1 A/T value CH1 temperature D4986 CH0 D/A value CH0 D/A value CH2 A/D value CH2 D/A value CH2 D/A value CH2 A/T value CH2 temperature D4987 #2 - CH1 D/A value CH3 A/D value CH3 D/A value CH3 D/A value CH3 A/T value CH3 temperature D4988 CH0 A/D value CH0 A/D value CH0 A/D value CH0 D/A value CH0 D/A value CH0 A/T value CH0 temperature D4989 CH1 A/D value CH1 A/D value CH1 A/D value CH1 D/A value CH1 D/A value CH1 A/T value CH1 temperature D4990 CH0 D/A value CH0 D/A value CH2 A/D value CH2 D/A value CH2 D/A value CH2 A/T value CH2 temperature D4991 #3 - CH1 D/A value CH3 A/D value CH3 D/A value CH3 D/A value CH3 A/T value CH3 temperature
SOFTWARE
In software we can easily defined the expansion analog unit
FOR EXAMPLE:
The first analog unit is mixing unit (two input analog and one analog output) the two analog input are current from 0 to 20mA and the output analog is volt from 0 to 10 V
The second analog unit is analog input unit (4 channels) every
channel can be defined , the first two inputs are volt from 0 to 10V, 3rd and 4th are currents from 0 to 20 mA.
The Address
For mixing analog unit:
Special data register
Explanation
Remark
D4980 A/D conversion value of channel 0 stores
D4981 A/D conversion value of channel 1 stores D4982 D/A conversion value set
A/D D/A conversion module
#1
D4983 A/D conversion value of channel 0 stores D4984 A/D conversion value of channel 1 stores D4985 D/A conversion value set
A/D D/A conversion module
Memo:
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Main Points
4.1 Introduction to encoder
4.2 High speed counter
Encoders divided mainly to
1-Incermental encoders
This type encodes motor revolution into pulses.
2-Absolute encoders
This type encoding motor revolution into degrees
Encoder consists of three main parts 1. Perforated disc
2. Lighting source
3. Sensitive device for lighting
perforated disc position is between lighting source (which is down) and sensitive device for lighting (which is up) and this disc coupled with motor, so when disc rotate sensitive device for lighting will be ON when it facing the lighting source (pulse come) and when sensitive device for lighting facing black area it will be OFF and so on No. of pulses per revolution depend on no. of holes in disc (encoder resolution)
ENCODER WIRING
Encoder mainly has 8 terminals 1. Phase A
2. Phase A' (Inverse of A) 3. Phase B
4. Phase B (Inverse of B)
5. Z comes one pulse per revolution 6. Z'(Inverse of Z)
7. 0 VDC 8. 24 VDC
Incremental encoders theory
4.1
Sensitive device for lighting Holes
Lighting source
CONNECTED WIRES TO PLC
The connected wires are PHASE A, PHASE B We can connect phase A and phase B (both of them when we need two direction) or phase A only When we need one direction.
HOW PLC READ ENCODER
1-hardware:
PLC must support high speed counter (encoder is a very high pulse generator, so it needs special inputs)
2-software preparation:
Some orders to plc to prepare the plc to read the encoder this software order differ from PLC type to other.
This topic describes the specification, handling, and programming of built-in high speed counter of MASTER-K120S. The built-in high speed counter of MASTER-K120S (here after called HSC) has the following features;
Function Description
Counter format
• Linear counter: Up/Down counter. Counting range is from -2,147,483,648
to 2,147,483,647
• Ring counter : Counter value rotates from 0 to (set value-1)
Counter mode
4 counter functions as followings • 1-phase operation mode
• 1-phase pulse + direction mode : Up / down is selected by direction pulse • 2-phase CW/CCW mode : Up / down is
selected by CW or CCW pulse input • 2-phase multiplication mode : Up / down is automatically selected by the
phase
difference between A-phase and B.(multiplied by 4)
Preset
function Change current value to preset value. Latch
counter Latches current value. Comparison
output comparison value, turns on the output When current value is equal to contact points or executes interrupt
program Additional
function
RPM
function Calculate the RPM(Rotates Per Minute) of input pulse
4.3.1)Performance Specifications
4.3.2) Input specification
Items Specifications Items Specifications Rated
input 24VDC (7mA) Rated input 24VDC (7mA) On
voltage 28.8VDC 20.4 ~ voltage On 20.4 ~ 28.8VDC Off
voltage 6VDC or lower On delay
time 200 U SEC or lower A / B phase Off voltage 6VDC or lower Preset input Off delay
time 200 U SEC or lower
Items Specifications
Points 1 phase : 4 points, 2 Phase : 2 points Input types A-Phase, B-Phase, Preset input
Counting ranges from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647(Binary 32 bits) Max. counting
speed 1-phase 100kHz/ 2-phase 50kHz ( Ch0, Ch1) 1-phase 20kHz/ 2-phase 10kHz ( Ch2, Ch3) 1-phase Up counter
1-phase Pulse + direction input
A-Phase : Input pulse, B-Phase : Direction pulse
2-phase CW/CCW mode
A-Phase : Up counting pulse, B-Phase : Down counting pulse Up / Down selecti on 2-phase multiplica tion mode
Auto-select by phase difference of A-phase and B
4.3.3) Names of wiring terminals Names Usage No . Term inal
No. 1Phase 2Phase 1Phase 2Phase
1 P00 Ch0 Input Ch0 A Phase Input Counter input terminal
A Phase Input terminal 2 P01 Ch1 Input Ch0 B Phase Input Counter input
terminal
B Phase Input terminal 3 P02 Ch2 Input Ch2 A Phase Input Counter input
terminal
A Phase Input terminal 4 P03 Ch3 Input Ch2 B Phase Input Counter input
terminal
B Phase Input terminal 5 P04 Ch0 Preset
24V Ch0 Preset 24V Preset input terminal
Preset input terminal 6 P05 Ch1 Preset 24V - Preset input terminal - 7 P06 Ch2 Preset
24V Ch2 Preset 24V Preset input terminal
Preset input terminal 8 P07 Ch3 Preset 24V - Preset input terminal -
4.3.4) External interface circuit
4.3.5) Wiring instructions
A high speed pulse input is sensitive to the external noise and should be handled with special care. When wiring the built-in high speed counter of MASTER-K120S, take the following precautions against wiring noise.
(1) Be sure to use shielded twisted pair cables. Also provide Class 3 grounding.
(2) Do not run a twisted pair cable in parallel with power cables or other I/O lines which may generate noise.
(3) Before applying a power source for pulse generator, be sure to use a noise protected power supply.
(4) For 1-phase input, connect the count input signal only to the phase an input; for 2-phase input, connect to phases A and B
4.3.6) Wiring example
(1) Voltage output pulse generator
Pulse Generator CHSC A B COM 24V 24VG
(2) Open collector output pulse generator
Pulse Generator CHSC A B COM 24V 24VG
4.3.7) Instruction (HSCST)
Flag set Designation S Channel which is designated at
parameter(0~3) SV
Set value (binary 32 bits)
Range : (-2,147,483,648 ~
2,147,483,647) Error
(F110) Error flag turns on when designating area is over
CV Current value of HSC stored area
(a) Functions
• When input condition turns on, corresponding high speed counter is enabled.
• When input condition turns off, high speed counter stop counting and turns output point off. The current Value is retained.
• The high speed counter can counts from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647(binary 32bits).
• When current value is greater than set value, output point F17*(* is channel number) turns on and it turns off when current value is less than set value.
• If current value is greater than 2,147,483,647, carry flag F18* turns on and it turns off when input condition turns off If HSC
designated as ring counter, Carry flag is set when current value reaches set value.
• If current value is smaller than -2,147,483,648, borrow flag F19* Turns on and turns off when input condition turns off if
designated as ring counter, if current value is 0, borrow flag is set at next pulse’s rising edge and current value goes ‘set value –1’ (in down counter mode).
(b) Error code
Code Error Corrective Actions
H’10 Mode setting error When Ch0 is set as 2-Phase, Ch 1 can’t be used and Ch3 can’t be Used if Ch2 is set to 2-Phase. H’11 Ring counter setting error Adjust the range of ring counter within 2 ~ 2,147,483,647. H’12 SV2 setting error Set SV2 greater than SV1 if zone comparison set is selected. H’13 Ring counter and SV2 setting error
Adjust the range of ring counter within 2 ~ 2,147,483,647 Set SV2 greater than SV1if zone comparison
set is selected
(c) Parameter Setting
(1) Format setting
(a) Linear counter
If HSC is designate as linear counter, it can counts from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.
The carry flag F18*(* is channel number) turns on when the current value of high speed counter is overflow during up counting and HSC stop counting.
The borrow flag F19*(* is channel number) turns on when the current value of high speed counter is underflow during down counting and HSC stop counting.
Carry and borrow flags can be reset by preset operation and HSC can re-starts its operation.
(b) Ring counter
• If HSC is designate as Ring counter, it can counts from 0 to set value.
• The carry flag turns on when the current value of high speed counter reaches set value during up counting and current value is changed to 0.
• The borrow flag turns on when the current value of high speed counter is reaches 0 during down counting and current value is changed to ‘set value –1’.
• When set value is out of range (2 ~ 2,147,483,647), Ring counter setting error (h’11) occurs and HSC operates as linear counter.
• When current value is changed to out of range (2 ~ 2,147,483,647) by preset operation, Ring counter setting error (h’11) occurs and HSC operates as linear counter.
• The ring counter setting error can be corrected by re-start of instruction (HSCST) only. Increasing Decreasing Borrow occurs 0 Current value -Increasing Decreasing Carry occurs Borrow occurs 0 Current value
(2) Mode setting
(A) 1-phase operation mode
Current value increases by 1 at the rising edge of input pulse.
(B) 1-phase pulse + direction mode
Current value increases by 1 at the rising edge of A-Phase pulse when B-phase is ‘low’ state. Current value decreases by 1 at the rising edge of A-Phase pulse when A- phase is ‘High’ state.
A-phase input l Current value 1 2 3 4 5
B-phase input
Current value
A-phase input
Low High(C) 2-phase CW/CCW mode
Current value increases by 1 at the rising edge of A-Phase pulse when B-phase is ‘low’ state. Current value increases by 1 at the rising edge of B-Phase pulse when A-phase is ‘low’ state.
(D) 2-phase multiplication mode (MUL4)
Up or down is set automatically by the phase difference between A and B phase.
• Up counter
- At the rising edge of A-Phase pulse when B-phase is ‘low’. - At the falling edge of A-Phase pulse when B-phase is ‘high’. - At the rising edge of B-Phase pulse when A-phase is ‘high’. - At the falling edge of B-Phase pulse when A-phase is ‘low’. • Down counter
- At the rising edge of A-Phase pulse when B-phase is ‘high’. - At the falling edge of A-Phase pulse when B-phase is ‘low’. - At the rising edge of B-Phase pulse when A-phase is ‘low’. - At the falling edge of B-Phase pulse when A-phase is ‘high’.
B-phase input
Current value
A-phase input
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 17 16 15 14 13B-phase input
Current value
A-phase input
(4) Preset setting
(a) Internal Preset
Set internal preset area and preset value. Current value of high speed counter is replaced with preset value at the rising edge of internal preset device.
(b) External Preset
Set external preset area and preset value. External devices are fixed as following Ch0: P4, Ch1: P5, Ch2: P6, Ch3: P7Current value of high speed counter is replaced with preset value at the rising edge of external preset device.
(5) Latch counter setting
If this function is enabled, Current value of high speed counter is always retained.
- When power supply is off. - When is ‘Stop’ or ‘Pause?’
(6) Comparison Output setting
(a) Comparison set
When current value of HSC is equal to SV1, corresponding output point turns on.
P40 ~ P47 are available for comparison output point
b) Zone Comparison Set
When current value of HSC isn’t less than SV1 and more than SV2; Corresponding output point turns on. P40 ~ P47 are available for comparison output point. If SV2 is less than SV1, SV2 setting error (h’12) occurs and zone comparison set is disabled.
Latches CV 0 Current value Time Latches CV Current value Output Contact Input pulse 98 99 100 101 102
(c) Comparison Task
If Comparison Task is selected in parameter window, corresponding interrupts is enabled. When current value of HSC is equal to SV1, corresponding interrupt program is executed. For the details about programming, refer to ‘KGLWIN User’s Manual’.
Current value Input pulse
999 1000 2000 2001
(7) RPM setting
- Can calculates RPM of input pulse - RPM is stored in designated device.
- The RPM is expressed as:
cycle[ms] refresh rotate per Pulses 60,000 Value) Last -Value (Current RPM × × =
(a) Examples of Program
Refresh cycle: 1000ms, Pulses per rotate: 60, RPM save area: D0
a) Last value = 500(Assumption), Current value = 1000 RPM = {(1000 – 500) * 60,000} / {60 * 1000} = 500 b) Last value = 1000, Current value = 2000
RPM = {(2000 – 1000) * 60,000} / {60 * 1000} = 1000 c) Last value = 2000, Current value = 4000
RPM = {(4000 – 2000) * 60,000} / {60 * 1000} = 2000 1000ms 2000ms 3000MS ⓐ 500 ⓑ 1000 ⓒ 2000 Current value Time Input pulse D0, D1 1000 2000 2001 4000
8) Programming example
(1) Parameter setting • Channel: Ch0
• Counter format: Ring counter (0 ~ 100,000) • Counter mode: 2-phase multiplication mode P0: A-phase pulse input,
P1: B-phase pulse input • Preset
- Preset type: internal preset (M100) - Preset value: 0
• Last counter setting - None • Comparison output
- Output mode: Zone comparison set - SV1: 10,000 SV2: 20,000
- Output point: P43 • RPM setting
- Refresh cycle: 100(*10ms) - Pulses per rotate: 60
- RPM save area: D100 (2) Programming
• When M0 turns on, HSC starts its operation
• If current value is not less than 50,000, F170 turns on. • Current value is saved in D0 (double word).
Remark
The contact point which is designated as HSC input can’t be used for pulse catch or external interrupt.
Memo:
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Main Points
5.1 HMI principles
5.2 Connecting the plc to HMI
5.3 Application
5.1.1 Main screen of Panel Editor
The Panel Editor consists of four windows and functions of them are as follows:
Menu and toolbar window
This window contains various menus and toolbar.
Screen editing window
This window displays a practical editing screen
Screen selection window
You can select screen to edit from this windows Properties window
This window is a window designating properties of various tags. Window configuration is changed acc ording to the tag’s kind.
5.1.2 Tag menu
The following explains about various tags.
XGT-Panel supports 15 kinds of tags. There are some differences in properties of tags according to PLC type to connect, and the example of this manual is the case of MASTER-K series
Selection
Selects tags on screen to edit.
Digit tag
( )< Properties of Digit tag >
1) Location
Indicates tag’s location (X-Axis:0~191, Y-Axis:0~63) Relocating by mouse drag is available.
2) Effect
(1) Small font: Changes the size of character to 6 x 8 dots. Default si ze is 8 x 16 dots.
(2) Double: Changes the size of character to 16 x 32 dots. (3) Reverse: Reverses the tag's color.
3) Address S Area
• specifies to a system memory of XGT Panel.
• A system memory is the memory to be provided to the user, And allows user to use as user memory or as system flags
• The size of system memory is 1,000 Word (0~999), and you can Use 900 Word (0~899) as user memory area.
The remains are system flag area. A latch area can be set in case of B type.
• Refer to chapter 6.8.3 Parameter in user's manual for details. And r efer to appendix for details about system flags.
• Click , then the following window appears and can input an addres s or system flag.
② Ch 1
• Specify the channel as Ch 1(RS-232C).
• Click , then the following window appears and can in Put an address to read.
③ Ch 2
• Specify the channel as Ch 2(RS-422/485).
• Click , then the following window appears and can in Put an address to read.
(2) Station: Specifies a station number to connect. •.enabled when channel is specified as Ch.1 or Ch.2 4) Data
(1) Write enable: Enables Write action of tag by key input •. If the SET key of XGT Panel is pushed, a cursor appears On the tag which [Write Enable] is specified?
•. The cursor moves in order from a left upside to right Downside direction whenever SET KEY is pushed.
•. Change the value of the tag which is focused currently by Direction keys
•. When the ENT Key is pressed, XGT-Panel writes the input value to PLC.
•. Does not operate if the input value is not correct (2) Sign: Enables tag to display a negative number.
•. Checkbox is enabled when a display format is DEC
(3) Use password: If this option is specified to tag, the Write Action is disabled until password is unlocked.
•. Checkbox is enabled when [Write Enable] is permitted (4) Max. : Specifies the maximum value which is available to input.
• Edit box is enabled when [Write Enable] is permitted
• A larger value than specified Max.Value can not be written to PLC. Refer to following table for details.
(5) Min: Specifies the minimum value which is available to input. •. Edit box is enabled when [Write Enable] is permitted
•. A smaller value than specified Min.Value can not be written to PLC. Refer to following table for details.
(6) Word/Long: Specifies data type of digit tag •. Word: 2 Bytes, Long: 4 Bytes
Data Display Format Type Range Signe d -32768 ~ 32767 Word Unsig ned 0 ~ 65535 Signe d -2147483648 ~ 2147483647 DEC Long Unsig ned 0 ~ 4294967295 Word 0 ~ FFFF HEX Long 0 ~ FFFFFFFF Word 0 ~ 9999 BCD Long 0 ~ 99999999
< Data display range > 5) Display format
(1) DEC: Displays by decimal format. (2) HEX: Displays by hexadecimal format
(3) BCD: Displays by binary coded decimal format.
(4) Total digit: Specifies the number of digits allowed to be Displayed or entered.
(Ex) Actual value of device: 12345, Total digit: 3 Displayed Value: 345.
(5) Fraction digit: Specifies the number of digits to the right Of decimal point allowed be displaying or entering.
• The combo box is enabled when the display mode is DEC Available maximum number o
f digit Total Fractional Display exam ple DE C 5 4 0.1234 HE X 4 Not available FFFF Word BC D 4 Not available 0123 DE C 10 9 0.123456789 HE X 8 Not available FFFFFFFF Long BC D 8 Not available 10234567
< Example of display format >
(6) Outline: The digit tag is outlined with the solid-line. (7) Fill leading zeroes: Displays leading zeroes.
(Ex) The case of 123, Displays as 00123(When the total Digit is specified as 5.)
5.2.1) Example of the wiring Action.
(1) System configuration
(2) Executes Panel Editor and specify the PLC Type of Ch 2 as LG: MASTER-K (Link).
• Make the communication parameter of GLOFA-Panel and mas ter K120S same. Refer to Master K120S user manual for communicatio n setting of Master-K120S.
(3) Property of Digit tag
• Channel: Ch 2(RS-422/485) • Station: 1
• Address: D0000
• Display format: Word, Dec • Max. : 65535 • Min.: 0
Connecting PLC to HMI
5.2
MK120S RS-485 XGT(4) Downloading Project
• Download the created project at XGT-Panel. • Refer to Ch. 6.9 for details about download. (5) Writing the value to the PLC
Assume that a current value of tag is 12345.
The device value of D0000 of MK-120S is changed to 12346.
Key Display Description
1 2 3 4 5
『SET 』
A cursor appears on the tag when the SET key of GLOFA-Panel is pushed.
1 2 3 4 5
『W』 The cursor moves to a ten's place. (The cursor flickers)
1 2 3 4 5
『X』 The cursor moves to a one's place. (The cursor flickers)
1 2 3 4 6
『S』 The value to write increases as 1.
1 2 3 4 5
『T』 The value to write decreases as 1.
1 2 3 4 6
『S』 The value to write increases as 1.
1 2 3 4 6 『ENT
』 Writes the value to PLC
Text tag ( )
Displays text
< Property of text tag >
1) Location
Indicates tag’s location (X-Axis:0~191, Y-Axis:0~63) Relocating by mouse drag is available.
2) Effect
(1) Small font: Changes the size of character to 6 x 8 dots. Default size is 8 x 16 dots.
(2) Double: Changes the size of character to 16 x 32 dots. (3) Reverse: Reverses the tag's color.
3) Text
Input the text to display. (It can display up to 24 letters.) 4) Outline
Message tag ( )
• Displays a registered message according to value of device. • Displays a blank if a registered message for the current Value of device does not exist
< Property of message tag >
1) Location
Indicates tag’s location (X-Axis:0~191, Y-Axis:0~63) Relocating by mouse drag is available.
2) Effect
(1) Small font: Changes the size of character to 6 x 8 dots. Default size is 8 x 16 dots.
(2) Double: Changes the size of character to 16 x 32 dots. (3) Reverse: Reverses the tag's color.
3) Address
Refer to Ch 5.1.2 Digit tag for details. 4) Edit message
Edit the content of a message tag. Click the edit Message button t o edit contents of message.
• Message List (Right grid):
Shows content and ID of all messages.
- Click a message button, then you can modify this content. - Refer to Ch. 6.8.1 Message Management for details.
• Registered Message (Left grid): Shows the messages that are re gistered for the selected message tag.
- Up to fifty messages can be registered to one message tag. - All messages have to contain ID and device value
• Add: Registers the message of message list at a selected messa ge tag.
• Sort: Aligns registered messages by [Value].
• Message: Displays a management screen of messages. - Refer to Ch. 6.8.1 Message Management for details • Cancel: Cancels a message editing.
• OK: Completes a message editing. Button tag ( )
< Property of a button tag >
1) Location
Indicates tag’s location (X-Axis:0~191, Y-Axis:0~63) Relocating by mouse drag is available.
2) Effect
(1) Double: Changes the size of character to double. 3) Address
(1) Channel: Specifies communication channel of digit tag S Area
• specifies to a system memory of XGT Panel.
• A system memory is the memory to be provided to The user, and allows user to use as user memory or as System flags
• The size of system memory is 1,000 Word (0~999),
And you can use 900 Word (0~899) as user memory area. • The remains are system flag area. A latch area can be Set in the case of B type.
• Refer to 6.8.3 Parameter for details and refer to appendix, for details about system flags.
• Click , then the following window appears and can input an address or system flag.
• Add the bit position at the back of the word address to Specify a specific bit of a system memory.
(Example) 8th bit of 120th word: 1208 12th bit of 700th word: 700C
Ch 1
• Specify the channel as Ch 1(RS-232C).
• Click , then the following window appears and can input an address to read.
Ch 2
• Specify the channel as Ch 2(RS-422/485).
• Click , then the following window appears and can input an address to read.
(2) Station: Specifies a station number to connect. Enabled when channel is specified as Ch.1 or Ch.2 4) Action:
Specify the kind of action of button tag when pushed.
Action Description Remark
On Turns on the bit device Off Turns off the bit device
Toggle Toggles the bit device whenever pushed Momentary On Turns on the bit device while pushed.
1) Choose tag by "SET" key.
2) Operate by "ENT" key.
5) Use password
If this option is specified to tag, the Write Action is disabled until password is unlocked.
Specifies display format of device status.
Actual value of device
1 0
On Value
Circle Rectangle Circle Rectangle
“0” “1”
Lamp tag ( )
Display a status (On or off) of bit device.
< Property of a lamp tag >
1) Location
Indicates tag’s location (X-Axis:0~191, Y-Axis:0~63) Relocating by mouse drag is available.
2) Effect
(1) Double: Changes the size of character to double. 3) Address
Refer to Ch.5.1.2 to specify the address. 4) On Value & Shape
Actual value of device
1 0
On Value
Circle Rectangle Circle Rectangle
“0” “1”
Bar graph tag ( )
Displays current value of device as a shape of bar-graph
< Property of bar graph tag >
1) Location
• Indicates tag’s location (X-Axis:0~191, Y-Axis:0~63) • Relocating by mouse drag is available.
2) Address
Refer to Ch.5.1.2 to specify the address. 3) Data
(1) Sign: Enables tag to display a negative number (2) Max: Specifies a value which a graph becomes the maximum.
(3) Min: Specifies a value which a graph becomes the minimum.
• When the value of device is out of the specified Min/Max range, Bar-graph tag displays Min/Max value for each
• A minimum value can not be specified as greater value than a maximum value
(4) Word/Long: Specifies data type of digit tag (Word: 2 Bytes, Long: 4 Bytes)
Signed Unsigned
Word -32768 ~ 32767 0 ~ 65535
Long -2147483648 ~ 2147483647 0 ~ 4294967295
4) Display format
(1) Width & Height
• Specifies width and height of bar graph • Width: 8~192, Height: 8~64.
• Size adjustment by mouse drag is available. (2) Direction
• Specifies a progress direction of the graph according to the increase of value of device.
<Display format of bar graph tag>
5) Example of bar graph tag
• Assume that properties of bar graph are specified as shown in the below.