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The utility of 3 dimensional printed models for skull base meningioma surgery

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Table 1 Summary of cases and surgical results
Figure 1 Screenshot of 3-dimensional (3D) images and view of the 3D-printed model. (A,D) View of 3D PDF (portable document format) files
Figure 2 Protection of vital blood vessels according to 3D-printed model. (A) View of magnetic resonance imaging; (B) view of 3D PDF; (C,D) view of 3D-printed model; (E,F) final views after tumor removal, especially in terms of the preserved internal carotid artery (ICA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), and anterior choroidal artery (AChA).
Figure 3 Individualized skull base reconstruction with 3D-printing technology. (A) 3D-printed model of bone-damaging right middle fossae meningioma; (B) design of individualized skull base reconstruction; (C) individualized skull base repair material; (D) skull base reconstruction in surgery; (E) preoperative and (F) postoperative appearance.
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