math 2

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ATHEMATICS

LAE SIMULATED TEST

1. If Paola is now twice as old as she was seven years ago, how old is Paola?

a. 28 d. 7

b. 21 e. None of the above

c. 14

2. The sum of the digits of a three-digit number is 12. The ones digit is one more than the tens digit and the hundreds digit is one less than the tens digit. What is the number?

a. 876 d. 345

c. 543

3. Thirty-six more than five-sixths of a number equals 86. What is the number?

a. 60 d. 42

c. 48

4. Danielle has a total of forty P20, P50, and P100-bills. She has twice as many P50 as P20-bills. She also has seven P100-bills. How much money does she have?

a. P2020 d. P1690

b. P1910 e. None of the above c. P1800

5. How much water should be added to two liters of pure alcohol to make a mixture of 25% alcohol?

a. 8 liters d. 5 liters

b. 7 liters e. None of the above c. 6 liters

6. What are two consecutive integers, such that the difference of their sum is the square of 5?

a. 4 and 5 d. 40 and 41

b. 12 and 13 e. None of the above c. 24 and 25

7. Evaluate: 2 + 24 ÷ 8 • 6 – 20

a. 6 d. 0

c. 2

8. The ratio of votes for Melody to votes for Janelyn in an election is 17:8. There were a total of 2,775 votes. How many people voted for Janelyn?

a. 1887 d. 555

c. 888

9. The measures of three angles in a triangle are in the ratio of 1:3:5. What is the measure of the smaller angle?

a. 20 degrees d. 80 degrees b. 40 degrees e. None of the above c. 60 degrees

10. Which of the following fractions has the greatest value?

a. 3 / 5 d. 8 / 13

b. 4 / 7 e. None of the above c. 6 / 11

11. The sum of three consecutive positive integers is less than 272. What pair of numbers has the greatest sum?

a. 88, 90, 92 d. 91, 92, 93

b. 89, 90, 91 e. None of the above c. 90, 92, 94

12. What number comes next in the following series? 1, 2, 6, 24, …

a. 102 d. 156

c. 138

13. A rectangle, whose perimeter is 108 feet, has a length that is 6 feet longer than its width. What is the area of the rectangle? a. 960 ft2 _{d. 600 ft}2

b. 840 ft2 _{e. None of the above} c. 720 ft2

14. Macapal Ads offers advertisements at P72 a page printed in colored. How many pages would if the budget I have is P3,000?

a. 29 d. 41

c. 37

General Directions

1. This test simulates the Law Aptitude Exam. Expect time pressure. 2. Do not begin until you are told to do so.

3. Only pencils and eraser are allowed on top of the table. Scratch paper shall be provided. 4. For each question, choose the best answer according to the instructions. Shade the

corresponding circle on your answer sheet.

5. If you want to change your answer, erase the shading completely, then shade your new answer.

6. Stop when the time is up.

7. Do not write anything on any part of this booklet.

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ATHEMATICS

15. Two cars leave a building at the same time in opposite directions. The first car is traveling at 75 kph and the other at 85 kph. How long will it take for the car to be 3,200 kilometers apart?

a. 2 hours d. 5 hours

b. 3 hours e. None of the above c. 4 hours

16. The theater manager calculated the total revenue for the night to be P49,500. A total of 400 movie tickets and popcorn were sold. If movie tickets cost P150 each and popcorn costs P80, how many movie tickets were sold?

a. 150 d. 300

c. 250

17. A rectangle and a square have the same area. The length of the rectangle is 5 times its width. The length of a side of the square is 25 inches. What are the dimensions of the rectangle?

a. 10” by 140” d. 25” by 125” b. 15” by 135” e. None of the above c. 20” by 130”

18. Kate is four years older than Maan. Marc is four more than two-thirds of Maan’s age. Marc is nine years younger than Kate. How old is Maan?

a. 22 d. 35

c. 31

19. If 54 is added to a two-digit number, the original number will be reversed. The ones digit of the original number is four times the tens digit. What is the number?

a. 28 d. 82

c. 64

20. The larger of two numbers is four times the smaller number. The larger number is also 48 more than the smaller number. What is the smaller number?

a. 12 d. 64

c. 48

21. Evaluate: 22_{+ 1}152_{+ 2}1_{+ 152}0

22. Cielo has a total of thirty P10 and P5-coins. She has a total of P255. She has twelve more P10 than P5-coins. How many P10-coins does she have?

a. 21 d. 16

c. 18

23. Isabel drove to Angelo's house at 60 kph. Angelo's house is 96 kilometers away. Isabel arrived at Angelo's house at 4:27 PM. What time did she leave?

a. 3:55 PM d. 2:19 PM

b. 3:23 PM e. None of the above c. 2:51 PM

24. One angle in a triangle is 42 degrees. The difference between the measures of the other two angles is 30 degrees. What is the measure of the largest angle in the triangle? a. 42 degrees d. 95 degrees

b. 54 degrees e. None of the above c. 84 degrees

25. The ratio of adult tickets to student tickets for the school play was 3:4. If the sum of the adult tickets and one half of the students tickets is 250, how many adult tickets were sold?

a. 100 d. 250

c. 200

26. Kevin played a few games of bowling. In the third game he scored 35 more than in the second game. In the first game he scored 40 less than in the third game. His total score for the first three games was 450. If he wants an average score of 150, what must he score in the fourth game?

a. 120 d. 150

c. 140

27. Margie owns three houses and makes money by renting them out at equal rates. The first house was vacant for six months while the second house was vacant for four months. Margie had total rent receipts of P221,000 for the year. How much, per month, was the rate for renting a house?

a. P8,000 d. P8,750

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ATHEMATICS

28. There are three consecutive odd integers. Half the sum of the second and third numbers is 24. What are the integers? a. 23, 24, 25 d. 20, 22, 24

b. 22, 23, 24 e. None of the above c. 21, 23, 25

29. Evaluate: | 5 – 4 | – | 5 – 3 | – | 4 – 3 |

a. –1 d. –4

b. –2 e. None of the above

c. –3

30. Factor: b3_{+ 64}

a. (b – 4)3 _{d. (b + 4)(b}2_{– 4b + 16)} b. (b + 4)(b – 4) e. None of the above c. (b2 _{– 4)(b + 4)}

STOP!

Do not go to the next page

until you are told to do so.

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50 items / 40 minutes

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STOP!

You have finished the exam.

Congratulations!

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L

ANGUAGE

P

ROFICIENCY

GRAMMAR

For each of the sentences below, choose the correct word that completes the statement. 1. The senior students have been partying all

weekend. They seem to have forgotten that there __________ things to be done before they can graduate.

a. is b. are c. were d. was

e. None of the above

2. Compared to smoking and driving, almost everything else seems risk-free, __________ almost nothing seems worth regulating.

a. yet b. since c. even though d. so

3. The policemen got there immediately but the troublemakers __________.

a. already fled b. had already fled c. have already fled d. already flees e. None of the above

4. I get very annoyed __________ people who don’t queue at the cashiers.

a. on b. with c. for d. from

5. We __________ overtime. Business seems to be slackening these days.

a. needn’t have done

6. I’m tired of you doing all my errands. Don’t wait __________ me. I have my own hands and feet.

a. on b. for c. after d. at

7. Hadrian is a fine person to be with because, __________ what he thinks of himself, he has great listening skills.

a. although b. in spite of c. despite d. in fact

8. There __________ got to be some people in this city who knows how to fix this model of camera. I need to take pictures today for the Nature High magazine.

a. have b. has c. is d. are

9. Three-quarters of the entire population __________ against the oil-price hike. a. is

b. are c. have d. has

10. We aren’t sure who my partner would be but it might be __________.

a. she

General Directions

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L

ANGUAGE

P

ROFICIENCY

LAE SIMULATED TEST IDENTIFYING ERRORS

Choose the letter of the word or phrase that is incorrect.

11. The ambassador was entertained lavish by A Mr. Colby, whose company has a monetary

B C

interest in the industrial development of the D

new country. No error. E 12. Among the discoveries

A

made possible by the invention of the B C

telescope they found that dark spots existed D

on the Sun in varying numbers. No error. E 13. Because the doctor’s approach to treating

A

infection differed from his peers , he was B C

often thought of as being somewhat radical. D

No error. E

14. The honor of receiving several A

distinguished-service awards have made the B C

elderly man forget all about his disputes with D his neighbors. No error.

E

15. After entering the hospital, the patient looked A

around trying to find a nurse which could tell B C

him where he should wait. No error. D E

16. That the history professor was able to A

lecture so eruditely on a period B

with which he himself was unfamiliar was

C D

surprising to his colleagues. No error. E 17. Of the two late arrivals, David was by

far the least apprehensive about meeting A B

other people at the wedding party, since he was generally comfortable in groups.

C No error.

D

18. Regardless of whether the fire was set A B

on purpose or unintentional, the person C

responsible must be punished to the full D

extent of the law. No error. E

19. If one wishes to save money, you should not A

give in to the temptation of schemes B

designed to make money quickly. No error. C D E 20. At the board meeting, the owner of the

A

corporation disclosed that a large proportion of their profits had come from activities B

not approved by its stockholders. No error. C D E

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ANGUAGE

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ROFICIENCY

SENTENCE IMPROVEMENT

Choose the correct form of the underlined phrase that would make the sentence correct. 21. Scenes from the everyday lives of African

Americans, which are realistically depicted are in the paintings of Henry Ossawa Tanner.

a. Scenes from the everyday lives of African Americans, which are realistically depicted in the paintings of Henry Ossawa Tanner.

b. Scenes from the everyday lives of African Americans being realistically depicted in the paintings of Henry Ossawa Tanner.

c. The paintings of Henry Ossawa Tanner realistically depict scenes from the everyday lives of African Americans. d. Henry Ossawa Tanner, in his realistic

paintings, depicting scenes from the everyday lives of African Americans. e. None of the above

22. Shakespeare wrote plays and they reflect both the depth of human emotion and the complexity of human society.

a. plays that reflect b. plays, who reflect c. plays being reflected by d. plays, being that they reflect e. None of the above

23. The idea that the world will become a battleground for gods and giants is at the heart of Norse mythology.

a. That the world become a battkleground for gods and giants is the idea at the heart of Norse Myhtology.

b. The idea that the world will become a battleground for gods and giants in Norse mythology is at its heart.

c. The world will become a battleground for gods and giants is an idea at the heart of Norse mythology.

d. The idea at the heart of Norse mythology, the world will become a battle ground for gods and giants. e. None of the above

24. Looking up from the base of the mountain, the trail seemed more treacherous than it really was.

a. Looked up b. While looking up c. Viewed

d. Viewing

25. The left-handed can opener was a brilliant invention; the popularization of electric can openers made them obsolete, however. a. invention; electric can openers are

popularized and made it obsolete, however.

b. invention; but the popularization of the electric can opener made it obsolete. c. invention, and the popularization of the

electric can opener made it obsolete. d. invention, however the popularization of

the electric can opener made it obsolete.

26. For many academics, having the liberty to teach what they want is more important than having a good salary.

a. the liberty to teach what they want b. the liberty of teaching what they want is

more important

c. there is more importance in being free to teach what they want

d. to have the liberty to teach what they want is more important

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27. Many recent films are based around natural disasters, named in order to evoke fear in audiences.

a. films are based around natural disasters, named in order to evoke fear in audiences.

b. films, based around natural disasters, are named in order to evoke fear in audiences.

c. films are named in order to evoke fear in audiences, based on natural disasters. d. films having their names based on

natural disasters are meant to evoke fear in audiences.

28. The conscientious driver pulled out of the driveway looking in both directions.

a. The conscientious driver pulled out of the driveway looking in both directions. b. The conscientious driver pulled out of

the driveway and looking in both directions.

c. Pulling out of the driveway and looking in both directions was the conscientious driver.

d. Looking in both directions, the conscientious driver pulled out of the driveway.

29. The poet Claude McKay was a native of Jamaica who spent most of his life in the United States but writing some of his poems in the Jamaican dialect.

a. The poet Claude McKay was a native of Jamaica who spent most of his life in the United States but writing

b. Being that he was a Jamaican who spent

most of his life in the United States, the poet Claude McKay writing

c. Although a native of Jamaica, the poet Claude McKay spent most of his life in the United States, he wrote

d. Although the poet Claude McKay spent most of his life in the United States, he was a native of Jamaica and wrote e. None of the above

30. Many ancient Eastern rulers favored drinking vessels made of celadon porcelain because of supposedly revealing the presence of poison by cracking.

a. because of supposedly revealing the presence of poison

b. for being supposed that it would reveal the presence of poison

c. because of being supposed to reveal poison in it

d. because it was supposed to reveal the presence of poison

STOP!

Do not go to the next page

until you are told to do so.

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V

ERBAL

A

BILITY

SYNONYMS

Choose the letter of the word that has the same meaning as the italicized word.

1. baseless calumny a. accusation b. denigration c. statement d. allegations e. None of the above 2. apropos for the situation

a. determined b. poised c. suitable d. unseemly

e. None of the above 3. feckless attempt to save face

a. futile b. fruitful c. fallacious d. forthwith

4. the defendant’s imperviousness a. deception

b. arrogance c. solidness d. impermeable e. None of the above

5. multifarious personalities of his team a. warranted

b. dreary c. uniform d. motley

6. lugubrious eulogy a. mournful b. solemn c. sincere d. pretentious e. None of the above 7. judicious lawyer

a. dogmatic b. biased c. wise d. flexible

e. None of the above 8. power to hoi polloi

a. rabble b. leaders c. followers d. group

e. None of the above 9. supercilious sneer

a. sensitive b. disdainful c. deferential d. degrading

e. None of the above 10. tenuous alibi

a. laborious b. fabricated c. misleading d. insubstantial e. None of the above

General Directions

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ERBAL

A

BILITY

LAE SIMULATED TEST ANTONYMS

Choose the letter of the word that is the opposite of the italicized word.

11. amalgamate the two companies a. separate

b. fixate c. calibrate d. correlate

e. None of the above 12. subliminal message

a. suppressed b. phrenic c. conscious d. unpremeditated e. None of the above

13. stolid bureaucracy of the Soviet system a. bovine

b. blunt c. uncaring d. passionate e. None of the above 14. vitriolic remarks of the critic

a. bellicose b. amicable c. spurious d. ornery

e. None of the above 15. renege on the agreement

a. persist b. abate

c. infract dereliction d. pretext

16. bucolic atmosphere a. phlegmatic b. disconcerting c. civic

d. lively

e. None of the above 17. a plethora of suggestions

a. dearth b. abomination c. variety d. excess

e. None of the above 18. soporific speech

a. tautological b. roundabout c. invigorating d. impervious e. None of the above 19. dereliction in one’s duty

a. abandonment b. negligence c. acquittance d. assiduousness e. None of the above

20. obsequious attendance of her needs a. supercilious

b. fawning c. servile d. paramount e. None of the above

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BILITY

LAE SIMULATED TEST ANALOGY (SINGLE)

Choose the letter of the word that would make the relationship true.

21. escape : capture :: dodge : _____ a. bullet

b. anger c. blow d. override

22. frown : disapprobation :: glower : _____ a. anger

b. confidentiality c. circumlocution d. respect

23. elegy : paean :: lamentation : _____ a. blessing

b. joy c. song d. abundance e. None of the above

24. urbane : suave :: pedestrian : _____ a. prosaic

b. boorish c. tempestuous d. rustic

25. embezzle : trust :: perjure : _____ a. investigation

b. faith c. caution d. oath

26. impetuous : caution :: excessive : _____ a. inanity

b. moderation c. respect d. remnant

27. abacus : calculator :: hourglass : _____ a. sand

b. chronometer c. time

d. pendulum

28. innocuous : harmless :: ingenious : _____ a. insipid

b. tasteful c. artless d. deleterious e. None of the above

29. disguise : recognition :: padding : _____ a. lawsuit

b. bankruptcy c. ramification d. damage

e. None of the above 30. script : play :: score : _____

a. game b. tournament c. symphony d. touchdown e. None of the above

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BILITY

LAE SIMULATED TEST ANALOGY (PAIRED)

Choose the letter of the word pair that would complete the relationship.

31. philanthropist : benevolence :: _____ a. optimist : quintessence

b. altruist : generosity c. misogynist : blasphemy d. pessimist : providence e. None of the above 32. practical : idealistic :: _____

a. possible : quixotic b. human : seraph c. whimsical : factual d. academic : theoretical e. None of the above

33. authoritativeness : pundits :: _____ a. dedication : signatories

b. allegiance : partisans c. sensitivity : literati d. sobriety : executors e. None of the above

34. pusillanimous : dastard :: _____ a. plebeian : theater

b. impecunious : mendicant c. optimistic : cynical

d. magnanimous : misanthrope e. None of the above

35. numb : insensible :: _____ a. burnish : lustrous b. reflect : luminous c. braid : sinuous d. repulse : odious e. None of the above

36. employee : wages :: _____ a. negotiator : conflicts b. scholar : books c. composer : symphony d. entrepreneur : profits e. None of the above 37. captious : tolerant :: _____

a. notorious : renowned b. homogenous : similar c. copious : plentiful d. punctilious : scrupulous e. None of the above 38. troubled : distraught :: _____

a. annoyed : disillusioned b. disturbed : interrupted c. covetous : rapacious d. outmoded : ostentatious e. None of the above

39. mimicry : camouflage :: _____ a. digestion : rumination b. mutation : variation c. territoriality : migration d. hibernation : rumination e. None of the above 40. illicit : ratify :: _____

a. obsolete : preserve b. confusing : obscure c. popular : criticize d. belligerent : appease e. None of the above

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BILITY

LAE SIMULATED TEST SENTENCE COMPLETION

Choose the letter of the word/s that would make the sentence correct.

41. Mahatma Gandhi founded and perfected the Satyagraha which he claimed to be the peaceful and honest path to reformation. He strongly believed in non-violence and __________

a. prudence b. veracity c. antagonism d. anarchy

42. Legislation has been introduced in some states that require plastic bags be made of biodegradable material which gradually __________ over a period of time.

a. subsides b. secretes c. decomposes d. ossifies

43. The air-conditioning unit was operated so as to strike some balance between the danger of __________ electricity bills and the desire of the employees to be comfortable.

a. optimum b. inordinate c. exigent d. inchoate

44. She was __________ liar who had mastered the art of making untrue remarks in a manner that they sounded __________. a. a congenital… creditable

b. a convincing… illogical c. a blatant… incongruous d. an incorrigible… plausible e. None of the above

45. While some see practical jokes a wish for mastery in miniature over a world that seems __________, others believe that the jokes’ purpose is to disrupt, by reducing all transactions to __________, a. unruly… chaos b. disorderly… symmetry c. harmonious… dissonance d. turbulent… uniformity 46. Because it is __________ to __________ all the business costs related to employee discontent, an accurate estimate of the magnitude of these costs is not easily calculated.

a. difficult… measure b. impossible … justify c. improper… overlook d. useless… pinpoint e. None of the above

47. The senior professor was __________ thinker who believed in doing even tedious calculations by hand rather than using a computer.

a. an eclectic b. a cogent c. an insensible d. a dogmatic e. None of the above

48. Doug was both ——— and ———. He possessed penetrating acuity and discernment and was also extremely humble.

a. diligent… supercilious

b. perspicacious … unpretentious c. obtuse .. penitent

d. sagacious... imposing e. None of the above

49. The success of the project was __________ team effort rather than any individual ____________.

a. dependent on… perfidy

b. commensurate to … compendium c. subordinate to.. idiosyncrasy d. attributed to … accomplishment e. None of the above

50. The Mona Lisa, shipped in a private cabin and received by important dignitaries, was treated more like __________ than a painting upon its arrival in the United States. a. an interloper

b. a maverick c. a potentate d. an ascetic e. None of the above

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BILITY

PARAGRAPH COMPLETION Fill in the blank with the correct word.

The _____(51)_____ of the source of copper ore used in the manufacture of copper and bronze artifacts of Bronze Age civilizations would add greatly to our knowledge of cultural contacts and trade in that era. Researchers have _____(52)_____ artifacts and ores for their concentration of elements, but for a variety of reasons, these studies have generally failed to provide _____(53)_____ of the sources of the copper used in the objects.

51. a. determination b. difference c. actualization d. remembrance e. None of the above 52. a. comprehended

b. questioned c. admired d. analyzed

e. None of the above 53. a. realization

b. reservation c. evidence d. clarity

The _____(54)_____ of taxation on the back of the people is not unlike the burden of a weight on the back of a horse. Just as a small burden badly placed may _____(55)_____ a horse that could carry with ease a much larger package properly adjusted, so as people may be _____(56)_____ and their power of producing wealth destroyed by taxation that, if levied another way, could be borne with ease.

54. a. benefit b. load c. ability d. subsidy

e. None of the above 55. a. attune

b. distress c. appease d. deviate

e. None of the above 56. a. aided

b. prevented c. impoverished d. impugned

Classical physics defines the vacuum as a state of _____(57)______: a vacuum is said to exist in a region of space if there is nothing in it. In the quantum field theories that describe the physics of elementary particles, the vacuum becomes somewhat more _____(58)_______. Even in empty space, particles can appear _____(59)______ as a result of fluctuations of the vacuum. For example, an electron and a positron can be created out of the void. Particles created in this way have only a _____(60)_____ existence; they are annihilated almost as soon as they appear.

57. a. absence b. abscond c. abstinence d. apposite

e. None of the above 58. a. commensurate

b. compensated c. complicated d. complacent e. None of the above 59. a. simultaneously

b. spontaneously c. insipidly d. tediously

e. None of the above 60. a. belittled

b. callous c. fleeing d. fleeting

STOP!

Do not go to the next page

until you are told to do so.

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PREMISES/ASSUMPTIONS 1. Given:

An Am-gym Fitness Center ad reads: Every single one of us has the potential to be slim and fit, so take the initiative and begin losing excess pounds today. Don’t Eat! Exercise! You’ll lose weight and feel strong, happy, and attractive.

Statement:

Fat people are not strong, happy, and attractive.

a. The statement is an assumption. b. The statement is not an assumption. 2. Given:

This produce stand sells fruits and vegetables. All fruits are delicious, and all vegetables are rich in vitamins. Every fruit that is vitamin-rich is delicious, so everything sold at this stand is delicious.

Statement:

This produce stand sells only fruits and vegetables.

Most radicals who argue for violent revolution and the complete overthrow of our existing society have no clear idea of what will emerge from the destruction. They just assert that things are so bad now that any change would have to be one for the better. But surely this is wrong, for things might actually turn out to be worse.

Statement:

The specific results of the revolution would be changes for the worse.

4. Given:

The rampant showing of bold movies in our country has enraged many Filipino Christian leaders, moralists, and politicians. For them, these films are indecent and immoral, and are causing many to commit crimes like rape and murder.

Statement:

Movies play a major role in the shaping of a person’s social behavior. a. The statement is an assumption. b. The statement is not an assumption. 5. Given:

According to one psychological theory, in order to be happy, one must have an intimate relationship with another person. Yet the world’s greatest composers spent most of their time in solitude and had no intimate relationships. So the psychological theory must be wrong.

Statement:

The world’s greatest composers were happy.

Ethical vegetarians argue that it is wrong to rank humans above other animal species. Humans do not have the right to kill animals and eat them. Instead of eating meat, people should eat vegetables.

Statement:

Vegetables rank lower than human beings and animals.

a. The statement is an assumption.

General Directions

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LAE SIMULATED TEST 7. Given:

Everything turns gray when I don’t have at least one mark on the horizon. Life then seems empty and depressing. I cannot understand honest men. They lead desperate lives full of boredom.

Statement:

Honest men’s lives are empty and depressing

Haven’t you at some time had a favorite song, book or film that was not well known but later became popular? And didn’t you feel somehow betrayed and resentful when what you thought was unique became commonplace? On larger scale, the same thing happens to novelists or film makers who have enjoyed critical esteem without popular success. Let them become public sensations, and the critics who praised their work will attack them virulently.

Statement:

Songs, books, and other literary work that become public sensations lose their literary value and become valuable in the commercial sense.

a. The statement is an assumption. b. The statement is not an assumption.

9. Given:

People who feel insecure often compensate by acting in an aggressive manner.

Statement:

All aggressive people are insecure. a. The statement is an assumption. b. The statement is not an assumption. 10. Given:

Journalistic criticism of literature is falling victim to its own efforts to justify its existence. Critics believe that they garner respect from their readers by ignoring objective description in favor of opinionated commentary. Any new work is given the briefest of summaries than mercilessly carved up in an effort to divine its deeper meaning. But the best journalist simply presents facts and allows his audience to decide their meanings independently. Critics should convey the truest possible form of the works in question; let the art, and not the art critic, speak to us.

Statement:

It is superfluous to criticize art and a mistake to allow people to decide for themselves.

a. The statement is an assumption. b. The statement is not an assumption.

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DRAWING CONCLUSIONS

11. There is a God. The Bible says so. The Bible is the Word of God.

a. There is no God after all.

b. The Word of God says that there is a God.

c. The argument is circular. d. The Bible exists.

12. If justice is fair then no prisoner in jail is not guilty. Some of the prisoners in jail who had undergone trial are innocent of the crime they are accused of. Therefore, _____. a. lawyers of the innocent prisoners were

not able to defend them well in the trial. b. these prisoners said to be innocent lied

when they said that they are not guilty. c. justice is not really fair.

d. justice is very difficult to define. e. None of the above

13. The following is an excerpt from a letter sent to a law school applicant:

“Thank you for considering our school to further your education. Your application was well received before the deadline and was processed with your admission test score and undergraduate grade report.

However, we regret to inform you that you cannot be admitted for the first semester. We have had to refuse admission to many outstanding candidates because of the recent cut in state funding of our program.

Thank you for your interest in our school and we wish you success in your future endeavors.”

a. The recipient of the letter was being seriously considered for a place in the evening class.

b. The recipient of the letter did not have a sufficiently high grade point average to warrant admission to this graduate program.

c. Criteria other than test scores and grade reports were used in determining the size of the entering class.

d. The law school sending the letter could

14. Riothamus, a Briton king of the 5th_century, was betrayed by an associate, fought bravely against the Goths but was defeated and disappeared mysteriously. Riothamus’s activities—and only those of Riothamus— match almost exactly those attributed to King Arthur. The stories told about King Arthur are not strictly fictitious but are based on a historical person and historical events. Therefore, _____.

a. there is no point establishing a connection between the lives of Riothamus and King Arthur.

b. King Arthur is a fictional character. c. Riothamus must be the historical model

for the legendary King Arthur.

d. King Arthur is not a product of the author’s imagination but Riothamus is. e. None of the above

15. If the Philippine government wants all Filipino children to have the best quality education, then it should either ask all school authorities to make education very affordable or improve the quality of education being given in the public schools. The government does neither of these two. Therefore, _____.

a. all Filipino citizens cannot avail of quality education.

b. the Philippine government is not sincere in this regard.

c. the Philippine government does not want all Filipino children to have the best quality education.

d. the quality of education in the Philippines does not have to be improved.

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LAE SIMULATED TEST INTERPRETATION

For numbers 16-18, refer to the situation below Mr. Brown, Mr. Parker, and Mr. Watson are seated together in a table. One of them is a waiter, another is a barber, and the other is a plumber. Mr. Brown is older than the barber. Mr. Watson is the youngest of the three. The waiter is younger than the barber.

16. Who is the plumber? a. Mr. Brown b. Mr. Parker c. Mr. Watson

d. Either Mr. Brown or Mr. Parker e. None of the above

17. Mr. Watson is a _____. a. plumber

b. barber c. waiter

d. either a waiter or a plumber e. None of the above

18. Which is the proper ordering of the three from the youngest to the eldest?

a. Mr. Parker – Mr. Watson – Mr. Brown b. Mr. Parker – Mr. Brown – Mr. Watson c. Mr. Watson – Mr. Parker – Mr. Brown d. Mr. Watson -- Mr. Brown – Mr. Parker e. None of the above

For numbers 19-22, refer to the situation below A travel agent is arranging tours that visit various cities: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, and I. Each tour must be arranged in accordance with the following restrictions:

- If B is included in a tour, both F and G must also be included.

- E can be included in any tour only if D is also included.

- If F is included in a tour, B must be included along with C or I or both.

- E and F cannot both be included in a tour. - A tour cannot include A and G.

19. If B is included in a tour, what is the minimum number of other cities which must be included in the tour?

a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

20. Which of the following is an acceptable group of cities for a tour?

a. B, C, D, E b. B, C, F, G c. B, C, F, H d. A, B, F, G

21. Which two cities can be deleted from the group B, C, D, F, G, and I to form an acceptable tour?

a. I and C b. I and F c. F and G d. C and D

22. Which of the following could be made into an acceptable tour by adding exactly one more city?

a. B, E, G b. C, E, I c. A, E, G d. G, I, E

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For numbers 23-25, refer to the given below. Three blue balls, two red balls, two green balls, and a yellow ball are to be arranged next to each other with the following conditions:

- The yellow ball is always between the red balls.

- A blue ball and a green ball occupy the first and the last positions, respectively.

- A red ball can never be placed beside a green ball.

23. If two blue balls occupy the first two slots, where should the yellow ball be places? a. third

b. fourth c. fifth d. sixth

24. The third slot can never be occupied by a _____.

a. blue ball b. green ball c. yellow ball d. red ball

25. If each of the green balls is to be placed next to a blue ball, it must follow that:

a. The yellow ball occupies the 3rd_slot. b. The yellow ball occupies the 5th_slot. c. A red ball occupies the 4th_slot. d. A red ball occupies the 2nd_slot. e. None of the above

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LAE SIMULATED TEST INFERENCES 26. Premises:

Some actors are rich.

All rich actors are good business investors.

Myrna is a good business investor. Statement:

Myrna is one of those rich actors.

a. The statement follows the given premises.

b. The statement does not follow the given premises.

27. Premises:

A certain group that worships Jose Rizal as god said that Rizal did not die. It was not he who was executed in Bagumbayan but a man who looked like him. Rizal was able to escape from the Spaniards and is still alive. Statement:

Facts about Rizal’s death written in the history books are untrue.

28. Premises:

All baseball players are athletic. Some teenagers are baseball players.

Statement:

Some teenagers are athletic.

29. Premises:

Women may not be as physically strong as men but emotionally they are stronger than some men. Therefore, women are not weak.

Statement:

True strength is measured not only physically.

30. Premises:

Many of us are uncertain of the future. This uncertainty, however, should not hinder us from dreaming. Tomorrow may not be as bright as we hoped it would be, but armed with our dreams we can make the world a brighter place in which to live.

Statement:

Dreams play a vital role in living our lives.

31. Premises:

To be mentally healthy, people must have respect. People can maintain self-respect only by continually earning the respect of others they esteem. They can earn this respect only by treating others morally.

Statement:

People who are mentally healthy will be treated morally by others.

32. Premises:

The expression “the doctrine of unshakable foundations” was once used by a critic in an effort to illuminate the dogmatic nature of certain economic and political philosophies whose adherents, when confronted with the failure of a policy designed to put their philosophy into practice, can conceive of only one reaction: to design another different policy for putting it into practice.

Statement:

The critic would approve if the adherents allowed failure of a policy to lead them to question the underpinnings of their philosophies.

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LAE SIMULATED TEST 33. Premises:

If you graduated from a prestigious university then you are certain of getting a high-paying job. A lot of graduates from these universities are still unemployed after months of job-hunting.

Statement:

The theory that graduates from prestigious universities are assured of high-paying jobs is totally untrue.

34. Premises:

A certain ship in the Visayas sank because of overloading. Two ships in Luzon sank because of machine problems.

Statement:

All ships sink because of overloading and machine problems.

35. Premises:

Teachers are either strict or indifferent.

All strict teachers deliver good lectures in class.

Some teachers who deliver good lectures in class are indifferent to their students.

Statement:

Some indifferent teachers who deliver good lectures in class are strict.

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LAE SIMULATED TEST ARGUMENTS

36. If the demand for manufactured goods is low, the inflation rate is low. The inflation rate is high. Based on these statements, we can conclude that _____.

a. the demand for manufactured goods is high.

b. inflation rate is always fluctuating. c. The demand for manufactured goods is

low.

d. the demand for manufactured goods is inversely proportional to inflation.

37. It was observed that the level of critical thinking of students was diminishing. To solve this problem, we have to put more logic courses in the curriculum.

Which argument will weaken the statements above?

a. The curriculum cannot accommodate logic courses anymore.

b. Studying logic will definitely improve one’s critical thinking ability.

c. Logic courses do not necessarily improve students’ critical thinking ability. d. Students need logic to develop critical

thinking.

38. Politicians are primarily concerned with their own survival; artists are concerned with revealing truth. Of course, the difference in their reactions is readily predictable. For example, while governmental leaders wrote laws to ensure the triumph of industrialization in Western Europe, artists painted, wrote about, and composed music in response to the horrible conditions created by the Industrial Revolution. Only later did political leaders come to see what the artists had immediately perceived. Experience teaches us that _____.

a. artists are utopian by nature while governmental leaders are practical. b. the world would be a much better place

to live if only artists would become kings.

c. artistic vision perceives in advance of political practice.

d. throughout history political leaders have not been very responsive to the needs of their people.

39. Creativity must be cultivated. Consciously, all artists, musicians, and writers practice interpreting the world from new and interesting viewpoints. A teacher can encourage his pupils to be creative by showing them different perspectives for viewing the significance of events in their daily lives.

Which of the following, if true, would undermine the author’s claim?

a. Some artists, musicians, and writers “burn themselves out” at a very early age, producing a flurry of great works and then nothing after that.

b. Public education should stress practical skills, which will help a person get a good job, instead of creative thinking. c. A teacher’s effort to show a pupil

different perspectives may actually inhibit development of the student’s own creative process.

d. In a well-ordered society, it is important to have some people who are not artists, musicians, or writers.

40. The accountant of a large company warned that over half of the accounts receivable for the previous quarter were delinquent. He suggested that the company hire a collection agency to collect the debt immediately. However, his suggestion was not followed when it was noted that the store had already received over two-thirds of the total amount of the outstanding accounts.

If the statements above are true, they most strongly support which one of the following? a. At least one-third of the accounts had

been paid before the beginning of the last quarter.

b. Two-thirds of the total number of delinquent accounts must have been collected by the collecting agency. c. The company has already collected on

twice as many accounts as remained unpaid.

d. The total dollar amount and the total number of delinquent accounts are not necessarily proportional.

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41. Scientists have long dreamed of the technological possibilities of nuclear fusion, a process in which the nuclei of two atoms are fused together. The energy that would be generated by this process would far surpass that of nuclear fission. Years of research however, have failed to produce any tangible results. As a result, funding for fusion projects has been drastically reduced. Nonetheless, some scientists continue to believe that fusion is possible. Unfortunately, the one team that claimed to have achieved “cold” fusion failed to replicate its experimental results, and scientists continue to believe that other explanations can be found for the results the team initially observed. Therefore, it is unwise to conclude that nuclear fusion will be achieved in the immediate future.

In the passage above, the author reaches his conclusion by _____.

a. drawing a conclusion based on lack of evidence for the opposing view

b. criticizing the premises on which the opposing side bases its view

c. reaching a conclusion that is incompatible with his premises

d. basing his conclusion upon experimental results

42. So many arrogant and ill-tempered young men have dominated the tennis courts of late that we have begun to fear those characteristics were prerequisites for championship tennis. Tennis used to be a gentleman’s game. What is sad is not just the game has changed. With so much importance placed on success, it may be that something has gone out of the American character—such things as gentleness and graciousness.

Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above? a. Tennis has only recently become a

professional sport.

b. The “gentleman” of early tennis often dueled to death off the court.

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43. The results of a recent poll in the United States indicate that 80% of the public opposes the relaxation of existing regulations on air pollution, in contrast to the 17 percent who do not. Furthermore, not a single major segment of the public wants to make environmental laws less strict. The results of this poll reveal that legislators, by voting for a renewal of the Clean Air Act, are being responsive to the will of the public without alienating any significant special-interest groups.

Which of the following pieces of information would be most useful in evaluating the logic of the argument presented above?

a. The groups in the population that were defined as major segments of the public are the groups defined as special-interest groups.

b. The length of the time that current federal environment laws have been in effect and the length of time that states have regulated air pollution.

c. The people whom the author hope to influence by citing the results of the poll. d. The percentage of those surveyed who

chose not to respond to the question asked of them.

44. As part of a new commitment to customer satisfaction, an electronics company sent a survey to all customers who had purchased its electronic personal organizer in the previous month. The survey, which was sent through mail, asked customers to give personal information and to rate their satisfaction with the product. Of the customers who responded to the survey, those who indicated a negative opinion of the product’s performance were more than those who indicated a neutral or positive opinion. On the basis of these results, the company, hoping to increase customer satisfaction, decided to allocate a large amount of capital to redesigning the product. Which of the following, if true, indicates the most serious flaw in the method of research used by the company?

a. The marketing division has found that responses to their mail-in surveys are generally accurate.

b. The company relied on a numerical system of rating responses rather than on open-ended questions that allow for more detailed feedvack.

c. People who are satisfied with a product or have no strong opinion about it are less likely to be motivated to return a mail-in questionnaire.

d. Customers who were dissatisfied with the information display of the organizer outnumbered customers who were dissatisfied with the variety of functions offered by the organizer.

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45. Observation reveals that as children become physically exhausted, they become more prone to crying and temper tantrums. Thus, an occurrence of screaming or yelling in a small child is best remedied by providing physical rest.

Which one of the following uses the same patterns of reasoning as the argument above?

a. Scientists establish the validity of their theories by conducting meticulously controlled experiments. Thus, a scientist who is conducting a meticulously controlled experiment is well on his way to establishing the validity of his theory. b. People who fell insecure often

compensate by acting in an aggressive manner. A person who is not acting in an aggressive manner is therefore unlikely to be insecure.

c. Washing one’s hand often during the cold season decreases the chance of contracting common cold. If one does not catch a cold during the cold season, it is likely that simple rules of hygiene were observed.

d. Habitual lack of sleep leads to a condition known as “chronic exhaustion.” a person who is not chronically exhausted is likely to get regular and sufficient sleep.

For numbers 46-48, refer to the passage below: After a grueling semester at law school, four classmates, W, X, Y & Z, decided that a three-week sem-ender spent in Baguio would unwind their nerves. So after packing their clothes, they immediately proceeded to the bus terminal in Cubao to catch the 6:00 PM trip.

As they were running late, they decided to take a cab from Katipunan Avenue) where they assembled) to the terminal in Cube. They had barely 10 minutes to get to the terminal to make the trip. But because of the heavy traffic jam at Aurora Boulevard, they ran out of time such that they had to get off the cab along EDSA, right across the bus terminal. They hurriedly grabbed their bags and rushed out of the cab and ran like crazy across EDSA towards the terminal on the other side. The cab drive was yelling curses at them as they ran because they forgot to pay the fare.

Across EDSA, a police officer assigned in the Police Stations near the bus terminal was also about to board the same bus. He saw the four fellows run across EDSA, endangering not only their lives but the lives and property of the motorists who tried to avoid hitting them. He also saw and heard the cab driver yelling something about the unpaid fare. But since the police officer was so tired and needed sleep so badly, he just got on the bus and slept on his seat. Meanwhile, the four friends were able to board the same bus.

When they arrived in Baguio, the four law students got off the bus ahead of the police officer. They immediately proceeded to a friend’s house and spent two weeks there. They spent the lat week in Sagada feasting on hallucinogenic “magic” mushrooms and marijuana.

When they were about to go home, they decided that they would bring some “stash” of marijuana and mushrooms with them to Manila. So they bought a kilo of each, wrapped them in newspaper, and put the packages in two of their four bags. When they boarded the bus for Manila, the police was also there.

Upon seeing them, the officer remembered what the four fellows did and decided to arrest them. He said he was arresting them for jaywalking and for not paying the cab driver. He said he was bringing them to the Cubao Police station to be charged for their crimes. He also inspected their

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46. The four law students protested their arrest saying that it was done without a warrant of arrest.

a. The proposition is legally sound and may have basis in law.

b. The proposition is not legally sound. 47. The arrest was not valid because they were

arrested in Baguio and not in Cubao where they committed the crimes.

b. The proposition is not legally sound. 48. The stash found in their bags could not be

used against them in any case because they did not have anything to do with jay-walking and non-payment of their obligation to the taxi driver.

b. The proposition is not legally sound.

For number 49-50, choose the soundest argument for each of the sets given.

49. a. If support for the Taliban government grows, then their supporters around the world will also form an alliance against the U.S. If the counter offensive in Afghanistan continues in the coming weeks, then support for the Taliban government will grow. The counter offensive will not stop until the Taliban government hands over Bin Laden and the members of the Al Qaeda network to the U.S. If the alliance of Taliban supporters forms, then they will start World War III. World War III will start because of Osama Bin Laden.

b. If the counter offensive in Afghanistan continues in the coming weeks, then support for the Taliban government will grow. If support for the Taliban government grows then their supporters around the world will also form an alliance against the U.S. If the alliance of Taliban supporters forms, then they will start World War III. The counter offensive will not stop if and only if the Taliban government hands over Bin Laden and the members of the Al Qaeda network to the U.S. The Taliban will never hand over Bin Laden to the U.S. Therefore, World War III will start.

c. If the counter offensive in Afghanistan continues in the coming weeks, then support for the Taliban government will grow. The counter offensive will not stop until the Taliban government hands over Bin Laden and the members of the Al Qaeda network to the U.S. If the alliance of Taliban supporters forms, then they will start World War III. The Taliban will never hand over Bin Laden to the U.S. Then World War III will start.

d. If the counter offensive in Afghanistan continues in the coming weeks, then support for the Taliban government will grow. If support for the Taliban government grows, then their supporters around the world will also forma n alliance against the U.S. If the alliance of Taliban supporters forms, then they will start World War III. The counter offensive will not stop until the Taliban government hands over Bin Laden and the members of the Al Qaeda network to the U.S. President Bush says he will stop counter offensive next week. Therefore, World War III will never happen.

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50. a. He who knows when to fight and when not to fight will win;

He who knows how to deploy large and small forces will win;

He whose whole army is united in purpose will win;

He who is well-prepared to seize opportunities will win;

He whose general are able and not interfered by the ruler will win;

Osama Bin Laden knows how to train his men well;

Bin Laden will win the war against the United States.

b. When outnumbering the enemy ten to one, surround him;

When five to enemy’s one, attack him; When double his strength, divide him; When evenly matched, you may choose to fight;

When slightly weaker to the enemy, be capable of withdrawing;

When greatly inferior to the enemy, avoid engaging him;

For no matter how obstinate a small force is, it will succumb to a larger and superior force.

c. A ruler must not start a war out of anger; a general must not fight a battle out of resentment. Engage only when it is in the interest of the State; cease when it is to its detriment. For anger can be restored to happiness, and resentment can become pleasantness; a state that has perished cannot be restored and a man who is dead cannot be resurrected. d. In war, when capable, feign incapability; when active, feign inactivity; when near to the objective, feign that you are far away, make it appear that you are near. All warfare is based on deception.