2 C’ Language PPT

(1)

‘

C

_C

’

_’

Language

_Language

And

‘

C

’

Program.

(2)

Why

(3)

‘

C

_C

’

_’

•

Implements basic programming languages Implements basic programming languages concepts.

concepts.

•

Structured programming language.Structured programming language.

•

Developments of other PL requires core C Developments of other PL requires core C elements.

elements.

•

Unix, Linux and Windows in C.Unix, Linux and Windows in C.

•

Cellular phones and palmtop softwares.Cellular phones and palmtop softwares.

•

Gaming frameworks.Gaming frameworks.

•

Hardware devices interaction with max Hardware devices interaction with max performance.

(4)

Alphabets, Digits, Special Symbols. Constants, Variables, And Keywords Instructions Program.

(5)

C Constants.

•

Primary Constants.Primary Constants.

Integer Constants. Integer Constants. Real Constants. Real Constants. Character Constants. Character Constants.

•

Secondary Constants.Secondary Constants. Array.

Array.

Pointer.

Structures and Unions.

Enum

(6)

•

Integer Constants.Integer Constants. e.g. 426 e.g. 426 +756 +756 --588 etc.588 etc.

•

Character Constants.Character Constants. e.g. e.g. ‘‘EE’’ ‘ ‘hh’’ ‘ ‘==‘‘ ‘ ‘88’’

•

Real Constants.Real Constants. e.g. 488.22

e.g. 488.22 +3.211e+3.211e--44 +85.23

+85.23 5.6e45.6e4

(7)

Data types declaration.

int

a; /* General declaration */

int

a = 10; /* Valued Declaration */

float b = 12.6;

float b;

char c;

char c =

‘

y

’

;

(8)

Maximum values of Data Types.

•

intint requires 2 bytes to store in memory.requires 2 bytes to store in memory.

--32768 to 32767.32768 to 32767.

•

floatfloat requires 4 bytes to store.requires 4 bytes to store.

--3.4e38 to 3.4e38.3.4e38 to 3.4e38.

•

charchar requires 1 byte to store.requires 1 byte to store. A

A…….Z and a.Z and a…….z also special symbols. .z also special symbols.

•

long long intint requires 4 bytes to store.requires 4 bytes to store.

--2147483648 to 2147483647.2147483648 to 2147483647.

•

doubledouble requires 8 bytes to store.requires 8 bytes to store.

--1.7e308 to 1.7e308.1.7e308 to 1.7e308.

•

long doublelong double requires 10 bytes to store.requires 10 bytes to store.

(9)

Giving variable names (identifiers).

•

• ‘

‘

C

’

is a case

-

sensitive language.

means

‘

a

’

≠

‘

A

’

.

•

• All the alphabets are allowed.

All the alphabets are allowed.

•

• All numbers are allowed but not at the

All numbers are allowed but not at the

start.

e.g

char a9,

thyy

; /* Valid */

char 5abc; /* Invalid */

•

• Only special symbol _ (under score) is

Only special symbol _ (under score) is

allowed. e.g.

(10)

Keywords.

auto

break

case

char

const

continue

default

do

double

else

enum

extern

float

for

goto

if

long

register

return

short

signed

sizeof

static

struct

switch

typedef

union

unsigned

void

while

volatile

(11)

Operators.

•

• Numerial

Numerial

operators.

•

• Logical operators.

Logical operators.

•

• Relational operators.

Relational operators.

•

• Conditional operators.

Conditional operators.

•

(12)

Numerical operators.

+

-

*

/

%

=

---e.g.

e.g.

int

a, y = 10, x = 12;

float b;

a = y + 10;

b = x / 2;

a = a

–

b;

(13)

Relational operators.

> > < < >= >= <= <= == !=== !=

Logical operators.

&& || && ||

Conditional operators.

? ? ::

Boolean operators.

& & | | ~ ~ ^^

(14)

Expression and Statements.

int int a = 10, j = 26;a = 10, j = 26; float r = 5.22, t = 2.66 + 45.2 * 2; float r = 5.22, t = 2.66 + 45.2 * 2; float b = 1.02 , c = b / 2 + 5.2; float b = 1.02 , c = b / 2 + 5.2; int int d, e, f, g;d, e, f, g; d = e = f= g = 50; d = e = f= g = 50;

float alpha = 23.001, beta = 892.00;

float delta = alpha * beta / 3.2

float delta = alpha * beta / 3.2 – – alpha;alpha; char h, i ; char h, i ; h = h = ‘‘DD’’;; I = h; I = h;

(15)

Hierarchy of operations.

int

i;

i = 5 * 6

–

8 + 9

–

(43 + 2) /5

–

5;

i = 30

–

8 + 9

–

45/5

–

5;

i = 30

–

8 + 9

–

9

9 –

–

5;

i = 22 + 0

–

_–

5;

_5;

i = 17;

(16)

First

‘

_‘

C

_C

’

_’

Program.

_Program.

#include<

#include<stdio.hstdio.h>> main() main() { { int int i = 10, j = 12;i = 10, j = 12; float k, m = 12.6; float k, m = 12.6; k = (i + j) / m; k = (i + j) / m; printf(

printf(““InputInput : %d : %d %d%d %f%f””, i, j, m);, i, j, m); printf(

printf(““\\nOutputnOutput : %f : %f ””, k);, k); } } Input : 10 12 12.600000 Input : 10 12 12.600000 Output : 1.746032 Output : 1.746032

(17)

Basic I/O statements.

•

• printf

printf

.

printf

printf((““<formal string><formal string>””,<list of variables>);,<list of variables>); e.g.

e.g. printf(printf(““HelloHello worldworld””);); int

int i = 15; i = 15; printf(

printf(““ValueValue of i is : %dof i is : %d””, i );, i );

¾

¾ %d %d –– integer value.integer value.

¾

¾ %f %f –– float value.float value.

¾

¾ %c %c –– character valuecharacter value

printf(

(18)

Basic I/O statements.

•

• scanf

scanf

.

It accepts values from user in the form of

int

/ float / char / long / double.

e.g.

int

j,

char m;

float k;

scanf(

(19)

Compilation and Execution

•

• Integrated Development Environment

Integrated Development Environment

(IDE).

editor + compiler.

•

• Compiling

Compiling

‘

C

’

program

F9 / Alt F9

–

Compiling.

Ctrl F9

–

Executing.

Alt F5

(20)

Created By,

•

• Mr.

Mr.

Tushar

B

Kute

,

Lecturer in Information Technology,

K. K.

K. K. WaghWagh Polytechnic, Nashik.Polytechnic, Nashik. [email protected]