3-2 Plant Arrangement.
3-2 Plant Arrangement.
3-2.1 Fire Area Determination.
3-2.1 Fire Area Determination.
3-2.1.1
3-2.1.1
The electric generating plant and high voltage direct
The electric generating plant and high voltage direct current converter station should becurrent converter station should be subdivided into separate fire areas as determined by the fire risk evaluation for the purpose subdivided into separate fire areas as determined by the fire risk evaluation for the purpose of limiting the spread of fire, protecting personnel, and limiting the resultant consequential of limiting the spread of fire, protecting personnel, and limiting the resultant consequential damage to the plant. Fire areas should be separated from each other by fire barriers, spatial damage to the plant. Fire areas should be separated from each other by fire barriers, spatial separation, or other approved means.
separation, or other approved means. 3-2.1.2
3-2.1.2
Determination of fire area
Determination of fire area boundaries should be based on consideration of boundaries should be based on consideration of the following:the following: (1)
(1) Types, quantity, Types, quantity, density, density, and and locations locations of of combustible combustible materialmaterial (2)
(2) Location and Location and configuration configuration of of plant plant equipmentequipment (3)
(3) Consequence of Consequence of losing losing plant plant equipmentequipment (4)
(4) Location of Location of fire fire detection detection and and suppression suppression systemssystems 3-2.1.3*
3-2.1.3*
Unless consideration of the factors of 3-2.1.2 indicates otherwise, it is recommended that Unless consideration of the factors of 3-2.1.2 indicates otherwise, it is recommended that fire area boundaries be provided to
fire area boundaries be provided to separate the following:separate the following: (1)
(1) Cable spreading Cable spreading room(s) room(s) and and cable cable tunnel(s) tunnel(s) from from adjacent adjacent areasareas (2)
(2) Control room, Control room, computer computer room, room, or or combined combined control/computer control/computer room room from from adjacentadjacent areas
areas (3)
(3) Rooms with Rooms with major major concentrations concentrations of of electrical electrical equipment, equipment, such such as as switchgear switchgear roomroom and relay room, from adjacent areas
and relay room, from adjacent areas (4)
(4) Battery rooms Battery rooms from from adjacent adjacent areasareas (5)
(5) Maintenance shop(s) Maintenance shop(s) from from adjacent adjacent areasareas (6)
(6) Main fire Main fire pump(s) pump(s) from from reserve reserve fire fire pump(s) pump(s) where where these these pumps pumps provide provide the the onlyonly source of fire protection water
source of fire protection water (7)
(7) Fire pumps Fire pumps from from adjacent adjacent areasareas (8)
(8) Warehouses from Warehouses from adjacent adjacent areasareas (9)
(9) Emergency diesel Emergency diesel generators generators from from each each other other and and from from adjacent adjacent areasareas (10)
(10) Fossil Fossil fuel-fired fuel-fired auxiliary auxiliary boiler(s) boiler(s) from from adjacent adjacent areasareas (11)
(11) Fuel Fuel oil puoil pumping, mping, fuel fuel oil heating oil heating facilities, or facilities, or both, both, used used for for continuous continuous firing firing of thof thee boiler from adjacent areas
(12)
(12) Storage Storage areas areas for for flammable flammable and and combustible combustible liquid liquid tanks tanks and and containers containers fromfrom adjacent areas
adjacent areas (13)
(13) Office Office buildings buildings from from adjacent adjacent areasareas (14)
(14) Telecommunication Telecommunication rooms rooms from from adjacent adjacent areasareas (15)
(15) Adjacent Adjacent turbine turbine generators generators beneath beneath the the underside underside of of the the operating operating floor floor 3-2.1.4
3-2.1.4
Fire barriers separating fire areas should be a minimum of 2-hour fire resistance rating. Fire barriers separating fire areas should be a minimum of 2-hour fire resistance rating. 3-2.1.5
3-2.1.5
If a fire area is defined as a detached structure, it should be separated from other structures If a fire area is defined as a detached structure, it should be separated from other structures by an app
by an appropriate distance [e.g., 30 ft (9.1 m) minropriate distance [e.g., 30 ft (9.1 m) minimum for a structure with moderateimum for a structure with moderate combustible loading and with a non-fire rated enclosure].
combustible loading and with a non-fire rated enclosure]. 3-2.2 Openings in Fire Barriers.
3-2.2 Openings in Fire Barriers.
3-2.2.1*
3-2.2.1*
All openings in fire barriers should be provided with fire door assemblies, fire dampers, All openings in fire barriers should be provided with fire door assemblies, fire dampers, penetration seals (fire stops), or other approved mean
penetration seals (fire stops), or other approved means having a fire protection ratings having a fire protection rating consistent with the designated fire resistance rating of the barrier. Windows in fire barriers consistent with the designated fire resistance rating of the barrier. Windows in fire barriers (e.g., control rooms or computer rooms) should be provided with a fire shutter or automatic (e.g., control rooms or computer rooms) should be provided with a fire shutter or automatic water curtain. Penetration seals provided for electrical and piping openings should be listed water curtain. Penetration seals provided for electrical and piping openings should be listed or should meet the requirements for an “F” rating when tested in accordance with ASTM E or should meet the requirements for an “F” rating when tested in accordance with ASTM E 814,
814, Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire StopsFire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops. Other test methods for qualifications of . Other test methods for qualifications of penetration seals, such as IEEE 6
penetration seals, such as IEEE 634,34, Testing of Fire Rated Penetration SealsTesting of Fire Rated Penetration Seals, may be, may be permitted to be considered for this application.
permitted to be considered for this application. 3-2.2.2
3-2.2.2
Fire door assemblies, fire dampers, and fire shutters used in 2-hour rated fire barriers should Fire door assemblies, fire dampers, and fire shutters used in 2-hour rated fire barriers should be rated not less than 1
be rated not less than 111//
2
2 hour.hour. (See NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Fire Windows.)(See NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Fire Windows.) 3-2.3 Hydrogen Storage.
3-2.3 Hydrogen Storage.
Hydrog
Hydrogen storage facilities en storage facilities should be separated from adjacent areasshould be separated from adjacent areas.. (See NFPA 50A,(See NFPA 50A, Standard for Gaseous Hydrogen Systems at Consumer Sites, and NFPA 50B, Standard for Standard for Gaseous Hydrogen Systems at Consumer Sites, and NFPA 50B, Standard for Liquefied
3-2.4.2
3-2.4.2
Determination of the type of physical separation to be
Determination of the type of physical separation to be used should be based onused should be based on consideration of the following:
consideration of the following: (1)
(1) Type and Type and quantity quantity of of oil oil in in the the transformer transformer (2)
(2) Size of Size of a a postulated postulated oil oil spill spill (surface (surface area area and and depth)depth) (3)
(3) Type of Type of construction construction of of adjacent adjacent structuresstructures (4)
(4) Power rating Power rating of of the the transformer transformer (5)
(5) Fire suppression Fire suppression systems systems provided provided (6)
(6) Type of Type of electrical electrical protective protective relaying relaying provided provided 3-2.4.3*
3-2.4.3*
Unless consideration of the factors in 3-2.4.2 indicates otherwise, it is
Unless consideration of the factors in 3-2.4.2 indicates otherwise, it is recommended thatrecommended that any oil-insulated transformer containing 500 gal (1893 L) or more of oil
any oil-insulated transformer containing 500 gal (1893 L) or more of oil be separated frombe separated from adjacent noncombustible or limited combustible structures by a 2-hour rated firewall or by adjacent noncombustible or limited combustible structures by a 2-hour rated firewall or by spatial separation in accordance with Table 3-2.4.3. Where a firewall is provided between spatial separation in accordance with Table 3-2.4.3. Where a firewall is provided between structures and a transformer, it should extend vertically and horizontally as indicated in structures and a transformer, it should extend vertically and horizontally as indicated in Figure 3-2.4.3.
Figure 3-2.4.3.
Table 3-2.4.3 Outdoor Oil Insulated Transformer Separation Criteria
Table 3-2.4.3 Outdoor Oil Insulated Transformer Separation Criteria
Tr
Tranansfsforormmer er OiOil l CaCapapacicityty MiMininimmum um (L(Linine-e-ofof-S-Sigightht)) Separation without Firewall Separation without Firewall
L
Leesss s tthhaan n 55000 0 ggaal l ((1188993 3 LL)) SSeee e 33--22..44..22 500 gal to 5000 gal (1893 L to 500 gal to 5000 gal (1893 L to 18,925 L) 18,925 L) 25 ft (7.6 m) 25 ft (7.6 m) O Ovveer r 5500000 0 ggaal l ((1188,,99225 5 LL)) 550 0 fft t ((115 5 mm))
Figure 3-2.4.3 Outdoor oil-insulated transformer separation criteria.
from each other by a 2-hour rated firewall
from each other by a 2-hour rated firewall or by spatial separation in or by spatial separation in accordance with Tableaccordance with Table 3-2.4.3. Where a firewall is provided between transformers, it should extend at least 1 ft 3-2.4.3. Where a firewall is provided between transformers, it should extend at least 1 ft (0.31 m) above the top of the transformer casing and oil conservator tank and at least 2 ft (0.31 m) above the top of the transformer casing and oil conservator tank and at least 2 ft (0.61 m) beyond the width of the transformer and
(0.61 m) beyond the width of the transformer and cooling radiators.cooling radiators. 3-2.4.5*
3-2.4.5*
Where a firewall is provided, it should be designed to withstand the effects of exploding Where a firewall is provided, it should be designed to withstand the effects of exploding transformer bushings or lightning arrestors.
transformer bushings or lightning arrestors. 3-2.4.6
3-2.4.6
Where a firewall is not provided, the edge of the postulated oil spill (i.e., containment basin, Where a firewall is not provided, the edge of the postulated oil spill (i.e., containment basin, if provided) should be separated by a minimum of 5 ft (1.5 m) from the exposed structure to if provided) should be separated by a minimum of 5 ft (1.5 m) from the exposed structure to prevent direct flame impingement on the
prevent direct flame impingement on the structure.structure. 3-2.4.7
3-2.4.7
Outdoor transformers insulated with a less flammable liquid should be separated from each Outdoor transformers insulated with a less flammable liquid should be separated from each other and from adjacent structures that are critical to power generation by firewalls or spatial other and from adjacent structures that are critical to power generation by firewalls or spatial separation based on consideration of the
separation based on consideration of the factors in 3-2.4.2 and 3-2.4.5.factors in 3-2.4.2 and 3-2.4.5. 3-2.5 Indoor Transformers.
3-2.5 Indoor Transformers.
3-2.5.1
3-2.5.1
Dry-ty
Dry-type transformers are preferred pe transformers are preferred for indoor installations.for indoor installations. 3-2.5.2*
3-2.5.2*
Oil-insulated transformers of greater
Oil-insulated transformers of greater than 100 gal (379 L) oil capacity installed indoorsthan 100 gal (379 L) oil capacity installed indoors should be separated from adjacent areas by fire barriers of 3-hour fire resistance rating. should be separated from adjacent areas by fire barriers of 3-hour fire resistance rating. 3-2.5.3
3-2.5.3
Transformers having a rating greater than 35 kV, insulated with a less flammable liquid or Transformers having a rating greater than 35 kV, insulated with a less flammable liquid or nonflammable fluid and installed indoors should be separated from adjacent areas by fire nonflammable fluid and installed indoors should be separated from adjacent areas by fire barriers of 3-hour fire resistance rating.
barriers of 3-hour fire resistance rating. 3-2.5.4
3-2.5.4
Where transformers are protected by an automatic fire suppression system, the fire barrier Where transformers are protected by an automatic fire suppression system, the fire barrier fire resistance rating may be permitted to be reduced to 1 hour.