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Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reser ved.

Additional Practice

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

1

For Exercises 1–3, refer to the following map.

1. Which landmarks are 5 blocks apart by car?

2. The taxi stand is 5 blocks by car from the hospital and 5 blocks by car from the police station. Give the coordinates of the taxi stand.

3. The airport is halfway between City Hall and the hospital by helicopter. Give the coordinates of the airport.

y

x 8

StationGas

Hospital

Animal Shelter

Police Station Cemetery

Stadium City Hall Greenhouse

MuseumArt 7

6 5 4 3 2 1

−1

−1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

−7

−8

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

−7

−8

(2)

49 Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras 4. Let a right triangle with vertices at (0, 0), (1, 0) and (0, 1) be the unit for

measuring area in the following questions.

a. Draw a square with vertices (0, 1), (1, 0), (0,⫺1), and (⫺1, 0). What is the area of this square in the triangle units described above?

b. Draw a square around the square you made in part (a) with two of the vertices at (1, 1) and (⫺1, 1). What are the other two vertices? What is the area of this square in triangle units?

c. Draw the square of the next size. One of its vertices is (0, ⫺2). What are the other three

vertices? What is the area of this square in triangle units?

d. What are the four vertices of the square of the next size? What is its area in triangle units?

e. What do you notice about the areas of the squares, as the squares get larger?

O

x y

3 2 1

⫺1

⫺2

⫺3

⫺2

⫺3 ⫺1 1 2 3

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Investigation

1

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Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

1

For Exercises 5–10, use the given lengths to find the area of each figure. Show your calculations. Record which formulas you can use as part of your reasoning.

5. 6.

7. 8.

9. 10.

6 cm 3 cm

3 cm

4 cm

3 cm 3 cm

4 cm

5 cm 4 cm

5 cm 4 cm

5 cm

4 cm

9 cm

4 cm

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51 Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras For Exercises 11–14, find the area of the figure. Explain your reasoning.

11. 12.

13. 14.

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Investigation

1

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52

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17. Use the graph below. Match each point with its coordinates.

y

O

1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4

1

2

4 3

1

2

3

4

x A

B

C

E F

G

D

A ( 3, 21 )

B ( 24, 23 )

C ( 5, 3 )

D ( 24, 5 )

E ( 1, 2 )

F ( 22, 3 )

G ( 21, 23 )

8 cm

5 cm

~ 40 cm

2

~ 20 cm

2

~ 80 cm

2

~ 10 cm

2

the area of the figure. Tiles may be used more than once.

5 2 1

__

1 2

1 2

3

4

(6)

53

Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reser ved.

Investigation

1 Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Skill: Graphing Equations

Looking for Pythagoras Name the coordinates of each point in the graph.

1. J 2. R

3. K 4. M

5. I 6. P

7. N 8. L

P

O

x y

6 4 2

ⴚ2 ⴚ4 ⴚ

6

ⴚ6 ⴚ4 ⴚ2

2 4 6

L

F

A C

N

B M K E

D

R

H

G J

I

9. Arnie plotted points on the graph below. He placed his pencil point at A. He can move either right or down any number of units until he reaches point B. In how many ways can he do this?

10. Marika had to draw 䉭ABC that fit several requirements.

a. It must fit on the grid below.

b. The side has coordinates A(⫺2, 0) and B(2, 0).

c. Point C must be on the y-axis.

Name all the points that could be point C.

AB

x y

B

A

x y

2

–2 2 –2

O

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In Problem 2.3, you found the lengths of line segments drawn on 5-dot-by-5-dot grids. Some of those lengths were written as square roots, such as . When you enter in your calculator, the result is a decimal with a value of approximately 1.4.

For Exercises 1–6, find the approximate value for the given length to the nearest tenth.

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

7. Is ⫹ the same as ? Explain your answer in two ways:

a. Use your calculator to help give a numerical argument.

b. Use a grid and lengths of line segments to give a geometric argument.

"8 1 10

"10

"8

"8 1 6 1 "10

"2 1 "5

"17

"20

"13

"5

"2 "2

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Additional Practice

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

2

(8)

55 Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

2

Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reser ved.

For Exercises 8–10, find the perimeter of each figure. Express the perimeter in two ways: as the sum of a whole number and square roots, and as a single value after using decimal approximations to the nearest tenth for the square roots. An example is done for you.

The perimeter of this figure is

⫽ 2 ⫹ 3.2 ⫹ 4.1 ⫹ 2.2 ⫽ 11.5 units

8.

9.

10.

2 1 "10 1 "17 1 "5

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Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

2

Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reser ved.

11. For each number sentence below, decide if it is true (T) or false (F):

a. 7 = b. 7 =

c. ⫺7 = d. ⫺7 =

12. Points A, B, C, D, and E are shown on the grid below:

Using these five points only, list all line segments which have the following lengths:

13. List all the whole numbers that could be substituted for x so that the expression is true.

a.

b.

c.

d. 1 , "

3

x , 2 0 , "x , 1 8 , "x , 9 4 , "x , 5 5 "2

4 "2 3 "2 2 "2

"2

A B

C D

E

2 "49

"49

2 "49

"49

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57

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Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice: Digital Assessments

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

2

14. What is true about this figure?

Select all that apply.

n The trapezoid has a side measuring 2 units.

n The trapezoid has a side measuring 4 units.

n The trapezoid has a side measuring

― 3 units.

n The trapezoid has a side measuring

10 units.

n The trapezoid has a side measuring

21 units.

15. Use the values in the bank to complete each equation. Values may be used more than once.

3 4 7 8 9 27 64 729

a. √ ―― 5 8

b.

3

64 5 c.

3

――

5 9

d.

―― 729 5

16. Write each integer in the appropriate box.

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

3  x  27 30  y  70

y

O

2 4

2 4

2

4

2

4

x

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Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reser ved.

Investigation

2

Find the value of each square root.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Find the length of the side of a square with the given area.

5. 121 ft

2

6. 4 mi

2

7. 225 in.

2

Find the length of the side of a cube with the given volume.

8. 729 cm

3

9. 64 ft

3

10. 343 in.

3

Find two consecutive whole numbers that each number is between.

11. 12. 13.

14. 15. 16.

17. 18. 19.

Estimate each square root to one decimal place.

20. "18 21. "24 22. "50

"

3

290

"

3

750

"

3

100

"159

"204

"190

"70

"150

"130

"144

"100

"81

"64

Skill: Exponents and Roots

Looking for Pythagoras

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59

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Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

3

1. a. Find the length of the hypotenuse of each right triangle.

b. How are the hypotenuse lengths in figures X, Y, and Z related to the hypotenuse length in figure W?

2. Draw a right triangle with a hypotenuse length of .

3. Draw a right triangle with a hypotenuse length of 2 .

4. Draw a right triangle with a hypotenuse length of 3 "5 .

"5

"5

W X Y Z

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Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reser ved.

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras 5. Give the coordinates of two points on a coordinate grid that are apart.

6. Give the coordinates of two points that are apart.

7. Give the coordinates of two points that are apart.

8. Give the coordinates of two points that are 7 apart.

9. Give the coordinates of a point on a coordinate grid that is a distance of from point (1, 3).

10. Give the coordinates of a point that is a distance of from point (0, ⫺5).

11. Give the coordinates of a point that is a distance of 2 from point (⫺10, ⫺2).

12. Give the coordinates of a point that is a distance of 3 from point (8, ⫺2).

13. What is the length of the line segment that connects points (0, 0) and (4, 2)?

14. What is the length of the line segment that connects points (0, 0) and (2, 4)?

15. What is the length of the line segment that connects points (⫺2, 0) and (0, 2)?

16. What is the length of the line segment that connects points (0, ⫺3) and (3, 3)?

"5

"5

"17

"5

"2

"32

"13

"10

Investigation

3

(14)

61

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Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras For Exercises 17–19, find the perimeter of the figure to the nearest tenth of a

centimeter.

17.

18.

19.

4 cm

3 cm 4 cm

4 cm 1 cm 6 cm

4 cm 7 cm 2 cm

4 cm

Investigation

3

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For Exercises 20–23, use the map below to find the distance by helicopter between the two landmarks. Explain how you found the distance.

20. the greenhouse and the police station

21. the police station and the art museum

22. the greenhouse and City Hall

23. City Hall and the animal shelter

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

3

y

x 8

StationGas

Hospital

Animal Shelter

Police Station Cemetery

Stadium City Hall Greenhouse

MuseumArt 7

6 5 4 3 2 1

−1

−1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

−7

−8

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

−7

−8

(16)

63

Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reser ved.

Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

3

For Exercises 24–26, find the perimeter of the right triangle. Express the perimeter as the sum of a whole number and square roots and as a single value using decimal approximations to the nearest tenth for the square roots. An example is done for you.

The perimeter of this figure is

 = 9.4 units.

24.

25.

26.

2 1 3.2 1 4.

4 1 "10 1 "18

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64

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right triangles and non-right triangles.

5, 12, 13

2, 7,

53 2, 3, 4

2 ,

5 ,

7 3, 6, 8

Right Triangle Non-right Triangle

Select all that apply

n The triangle could have a side of length 3.

n The side lengths could be 3, 5, and 8.

n The side lengths could be 3, 5, and

34 . n The side lengths could be 3, 5, and 4.

29. Use the given triangle to complete the statements. Circle the numbers or variables that make each statement true.

a. The Pythagorean Theorem can be used to write the equation Q 6 36 x x

2

U 1 Q 7 49 x x

2

U 5 Q 6 36 7 49 x x

2

U .

b. The length of the missing side is Q 13 49 7

13 85 U .

x

6 cm

7 cm

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65

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Investigation

2

Investigation

3

Can you form a right triangle with the three lengths given? Show your work.

1. 20, 21, 29 2. 7, 11, 12

3. 10, 2 , 12 4. 28, 45, 53

5. 9, "10 , 10 6. 10, 15, 20

"11

Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Skill: Using the Pythagorean Theorem

Looking for Pythagoras

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Investigation

2

Investigation

3

Use the Pythagorean theorem to find the missing side of each right triangle.

7. 8.

9. 10.

11. 12.

12 yd 14 yd 5 m

x

x

146 m

7 in.

9 in.

24mm

x

26 mm

x

6 ft 8 ft

x

15 cm

17 cm

x

Skill: Using the Pythagorean Theorem (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras

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67

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Investigation

2

Investigation

3

Find the length of AB to the nearest hundredth centimeter. All measurements are in centimeters, but figures may be drawn to different scales. Explain your reasoning.

13. 14. This is a regular pentagon.

15.

2 4

A B

Á80

0.7 1

A

1.2

B

0.8

A

B

Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Skill: Using the Pythagorean Theorem (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras

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Investigation

2

Investigation

3

For Exercises 16–21, a pair of lengths is given. What third length could be used with the other two lengths to make a right triangle?

Solve the problem by making two triangles

Triangle 1: Let the missing value be the length of one of the legs of the triangle.

Triangle 2: Let the missing value be the length of the hypotenuse of the triangle.

Sketch each triangle you find, and label the side lengths.

16. 9, 15, and 17. , 3, and

a. Triangle 1 a. Triangle 1

b. Triangle 2 b. Triangle 2

18. , 5, and ⵧ 19. , 3, and

a. Triangle 1 a. Triangle 1

b. Triangle 2 b. Triangle 2

20. 8, , and ⵧ 21. , , and

a. Triangle 1 a. Triangle 1

b. Triangle 2 b. Triangle 2

"26

"52

"18

"18

"50

"45

Skill: Using the Pythagorean Theorem (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras

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69

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Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

2 Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

4

1. The hypotenuse of a right triangle is 17 inches long. One leg is 8 inches long.

How long is the other leg?

2. The hypotenuse of a right triangle is 41 centimeters long. One leg is 40 centimeters long. How long is the other leg?

3. The legs of a right triangle are 7 inches and 24 inches long. How long is the hypotenuse?

4. The legs of a right triangle are feet and feet long. How long is the hypotenuse?

5. Find the length of diagonal d in each rectangular prism.

a. b.

"11

"5

d

84 in.

12 in.

5 in.

24 cm

275 cm 兹 7 cm

d

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Additional Practice

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

2

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

4

6. Tell whether each number is rational or irrational. Explain your reasoning.

a. b.

c. d. 1.02002000200002 . . .

7. Find two fractions that each decimal is between. Choose fractions that are close to the decimal.

a. 0.123456789101112 . . . b. 0.16166166616666 . . .

c. 0.80859095100 . . . d. 1.252627282930 . . .

8. Find an irrational number that is between the given decimals.

a. 2.4 and 2.9 b. 4.0 and 4.3

c. 9.86 and 9.9 d. 7.25 and 7.5

9. Find an irrational number that is between the given fractions.

a. and b. and

c. 1 and 2

34 14

d. 6 and 6

15 25

3 7 2 7 1

3 1 4

#

37

" 11

" 11

"80

(24)

71

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Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice: Digital Assessments

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

1

Investigation

4

10. Categorize each number as rational or irrational by writing it in the appropriate box.

― 7 7 1

__

7

― 9 1

____

― 9 1

____

― 7

Rational Irrational

11. Place the numbers on the tiles in order from least to greatest.

0.50

2

2 1

__

3 1

5

, , , , ,

12. Use the numbers in the bank to label the indicated edges and diagonal of the rectangular prism.

40

35

40

35

74

―― 138

8

7 5

13. Select all the ways you can represent the hypotenuse of a right triangle whose legs are 12 cm and 13 cm long.

n

12 1 13 ―――

n

―― 313 n 313 n 25

n 144 1 169 ――――

n ――――

12

2

1 13

2

n ――

313

2

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Write each fraction or mixed number as a decimal. State whether the decimal is terminating or repeating.

1. 2. 2 3.

4. 5. 6.

7. 8. 4 9. 6

10. 11. 12. 1

Write each decimal as a fraction or mixed number.

13. 0.4375 14. 0.875 15. 1.75

16. 12.7 17. 1.666 . . . 18. 0.98

19. 0.8 20. 0.888 . . . 21. 0.080808 . . .

22. 15.545454 . . . 23. 0.65625 24. 0.6212121 . . .

2 900 3

25 7

90

1 6 1

4 7

5

99 10 10

99 3

7

7 20 1

3 3

8

Skill: Fractions and Decimals

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

4

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73

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Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice

Looking for Pythagoras

Investigation

5

1. The upper section of a tree is blown over in a windstorm.

a. What is the height of the tree stump that is still standing? Round to the nearest tenth of a foot.

b. How tall was the tree originally? Round to the nearest tenth of a foot.

2. A 10-foot ladder leans against the house. The base of the ladder is 4 feet from the house. When Joe stands as high as he safely can on the ladder, he can reach another 2 feet beyond the top of the ladder. How high can he reach on the house? Round to the nearest tenth of a foot.

14 ft

17 ft

10 ft

4 ft

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Investigation

5

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras 3. Carsyn and Leanna are sitting at the picnic tables in the school yard.

a. Leanna walks straight across the square schoolyard to the basketball court.

How far does she walk? Round to the nearest tenth of a yard.

b. Carsyn walks around the edge of the schoolyard to get to the basketball courts. How much farther does she walk than Leanna? Round to the nearest tenth of a yard.

4. Jessica is standing with her coach. The coach puts a cone 30 yards in front of them, 30 yards to her left, and 30 yards to her right. Jessica begins dribbling the ball to the cone on the coach’s left, then to the one in front, and finally to the one on the right. She finishes by dribbling back to her coach in record time. How far does she dribble the ball? Round to the nearest tenth of a yard.

70 yards Picnic Tables

Basketball

Courts

(28)

75

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Investigation

5

5. Use the trapezoid below. Give exact answers.

a. What is the length of a?

b. What is the length of b?

c. What is the length of c?

d. What is the length of d?

6. In some areas, people celebrate spring with a festival that includes dancing around a Maypole while holding ribbons so that the ribbons weave together.

Two lengths of ribbons extend from the top of a 5-meter-high Maypole. The shorter ribbons form the inner circle. The longer ribbons form the outer circle.

To the nearest tenth of a meter, how much longer is the long ribbon than the short ribbon?

45⬚

30⬚ 25

a c

36

b d

45⬚

30⬚

5 m

Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras

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Investigation

5

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras 7. Use the figure below to answer questions (a) and (b).

a. Write an equation that relates x and y for any point (x, y) on the circle.

b. Find the missing coordinates for each of these points on the circle. If there is more than one possible point, give the missing coordinate for each possibility. Round to the nearest tenth if necessary.

(0, y) (4, y) (⫺2, y) (⫺6, y)

(x, 3) (x, 0) (x, ⫺4) (x, ⫺7)

y

x

−10 −8 −6 −4 −2

−2

−4

−6

−8

−10 2 2 4 6 8 10

4 6 8 10

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77

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Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Additional Practice (continued)

Looking for Pythagoras 8. Henry designs a treasure hunt for his friends. He stands at the base of a tree

and explains that the treasure is 25 meters from where he stands.

a. Could the treasure be at (15, –10)? Explain.

b. Where is one point you would look?

y

x

−25

−30 −20 −15 −10 −5

−5

−10

−15

−20

−25

−30 5 5 10 15 20 25 30

10 15 20 25 30

Investigation

5

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Select all that apply.

y

O

1 2 3

(0, 0) 1 2 3

1

2

3

1

2

3

x

n The circle is centered at (0, 0).

n The circle has radius 6.

n The circle has an x-intercept at 3.

n The circle has an x-intercept at 23.

n The circle can be represented by the equation x 1 y 5 6.

n The circle can be represented by the equation x

2

1 y

2

5 6

2

.

n The circle can be represented by the equation y 5 ―――

x

2

1 9.

n The circle can be represented by the equation x

2

1 y

2

5 9.

of the square measures 40 ft. Circle the words and equations that complete the method for finding the length of the path.

x

40 ft

Because a square is Q equilateral

rectangular

a quadrilateral U , all

sides are equal.

Therefore, the equation representing the

path is Q 40 40

22

5 x 1 40

22

5 x

2

40

2

1 40

2

5 x

40 1 40 5 x U .

Rearranging, this means that

Q x x 5 x 5 x

22

5 5

80 80 ―― ―― 3,200

2

1,600

2

U .

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79

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Investigation

5

Find the equation and radius for each circle. Round the radius to the nearest tenth.

1. A circle with center (0, 0) passing through point (5, 5)

2. A circle with center (0, 0) passing through point (2, ⫺5)

3. A circle with center (0, 0) passing through point (0, ⫺6)

4. A circle with center (0, 0) passing through point (⫺3, 8)

5. A circle with center (0, 0) passing through point (9, 4)

6. A circle with center (0, 0) passing through point (3, ⫺3)

7. A circle with center (0, 0) passing through point (⫺1, 8)

8. A circle with center (0, 0) passing through point (⫺4, ⫺3)

Name ____________________________________________ Date ____________ Class ____________

Skill: Find the Equation and Radius

Looking for Pythagoras

000200010271960391_Unit2_Inv1-5_p048-079.qxd 11/24/15 7:47 PM Page 79

References

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