InquirySkills.ppt

Table of Contents

4-1.1: slides 3-14

4-1.2: slides 15-26

4-1.3: slides 27-43

4-1.4: slides 44-49

4-1.5: slides 50-58

4-1.6: slides 36-39 and 59-60

Why do we make

observations?

Observing is a way to learn about the world around us. You use your 5 senses when you observe (see, hear, smell, touch, taste).

Making Observations

•

_{How do you observe?}

•

_{How can you record what you}

observe?

•

_{What tools can you use to observe?}

•

_{What can you learn from}

Palm Observations

Shell Observations

Scientific Observations

Qualitative Quantitative Observation Observation

Scientific Observations

Qualitative Quantitative Observation Observation

4-1.1

Use your 5 senses.

Ex: The dog is black and feels soft.

Scientific Observations

Qualitative Quantitative Observation Observation

Use your 5 senses.

Ex: The dog is black and feels soft.

Take measurements or count.

Ex: The dog weighs 50 lbs and has 20 teeth.

Observations

____ The lady bug has green eyes. ____ The lady bug has 12 spots. ____ The wings are smooth.

____ It weighs 3 grams.

____ The lady bug has two antennae.

4-1.1

A. Qualitative

B. Quantitative

Observations

PASS Practice

Which statement is a qualitative observation about the phases of the moon?

A. There are eight phases of the moon. B. A full moon looks like a big white ball.

C. The time from one full moon to the next is about one month.

D. It takes the moon 29 ½ days to complete all eight phases.

PASS Practice

Which statement is a qualitative observation about a plant?

A. The plant grew two inches in two weeks. B. The plant has sweet-smelling flowers.

C. The plant is taller than the plants around it. D. The plant has three yellow flowers.

PASS Practice

Which statement is a quantitative observation about a dog’s tail?

A. The tail is curved.

B. The tail has curly hair.

C. The tail is brown and black.

D. The tail is 12 centimeters long.

Collecting Data

Every scientific investigation provides

information. This information is called data. Different instruments or tools are needed to collect data.

Instruments and Tools

A Compass Purpose?

Instruments and Tools

A Compass Purpose?

•

_{A tool used to}

determine the

directions of

North, South,

East, and West

.

Instruments and Tools

An Anemometer Purpose?

Instruments and Tools

An Anemometer Purpose?

•

_{A tool to}

determine wind

speed.

•

_{Hold vertical}

•

_{Measures speed}

in miles per hour

(mph)

Instruments and Tools

A Mirror Purpose?

Instruments and Tools

A Mirror Purpose?

•

_{A tool that}

reflects light (light

bounces back) in a

given direction.

Instruments and Tools

A Prism Purpose?

Instruments and Tools

A Prism Purpose?

•

_{A tool that}

separates white

light into many

colors of the

PASS Practice

An anemometer is used to __________?

A. Measure temperature B. Determine wind speed

C. Show direction (North, South, East, West) D. Separate light into color

PASS Practice

A student wants to investigate the colors found within white light. What tool should the

student use?

A. Prism

B. Compass C. Magnifier

PASS Practice

A compass should not be placed near _______?

A. Wood

B. A magnet C. A metal D. Mirrors

The Scientific Method

1. Ask a question

2. Research your topic

3. Make a prediction

The Scientific Method

1. Ask a question

2. Research your topic

3. Make a prediction

4. Plan your experiment

5. Make observations and record data

6. Draw conclusions

Raisin Experiment

1. Question: Will raisins sink or float when you place them in a glass of 7-Up?

1. Research:

1. Prediction: I predict the raisins will ________ because ____________________.

Raisin Experiment

4. Materials: 7-UP, tall clear glass, fresh raisins

Procedures:

1. Fill the tall glass with 7-UP.

2. Drop the raisins into the glass. 3. Observe and record results.

Raisin Experiment Data

Observations

Soap Experiment

1. Question: Which type of soap floats? 1. Research:

1. Prediction: I predict the _________ soap will float because ____________________.

Soap Experiment

4. Materials: water, soap (3 types), bowl

Procedures:

1. Fill the bowl with water.

2. Place the blue bar in the water. 3. Place the green bar in the water. 4. Place the white bar in the water.

Soap Experiment

5. Data Table:

4-1.3, 4-1.6

Soap Type

Sink or Float

Blue Green White

Soap Experiment

5. Data Table:

Soap Type

Sink or Float

Blue Sink

Green Sink

Soap Experiment

Diagram:

4-1.3, 4-1.6

Soap Experiment

Diagram:

Soap Experiment

6. Conclusion: The _______ soap floated. Our prediction was ____________. I think the ________ soap floated because __________ ____________________________________.

Soap Experiment

6. Conclusion: The _______ soap floated. Our prediction was ___________. I think the

________ soap floated because __________ ____________________________________. 6. Conclusion: The white soap floated. Our

prediction was wrong. I think the white soap floated because it is lighter than the blue and green soaps.

PASS Practice

Which of the following lists the correct order of steps in an investigation?

A. Question, prediction, test prediction, explain results

B. Prediction, question, explain results, test prediction

C. Question, explain results, prediction, test prediction

D. Test prediction, question, prediction, explain results

PASS Practice

Which of these would you do in an

investigation after you record your data?

A. Plan a fair test B. Ask questions

C. Organize your results in a graph or table D. Make a prediction

1. Observation

Something you experience using your senses

(Qualitative or Quantitative)

4-1.4

While walking through the woods,

you observe this. What observations

2. Inference

A decision you make based on what you have

learned and observed.

You observe that your friend is not at the bus

stop but her sister is there. You remember

that she was sneezing a lot yesterday. You

4-1.4

What is something else that you can infer

about why your friend is not on bus this

morning?

Inferences can be WRONG. Scientists must gather many observations before making an inference. Then scientists must be ready to explain their reasons!

3. Prediction

An educated idea about what will happen in the future based on your observations and inferences.

If I keep walking in the woods “I predict that I will see a lot of trees chewed by beavers.”

Now you must

investigate to see if your prediction is correct.

PASS Practice

Which statement is an inference?

A. The frog is swimming in the water. B. The water feels cool and wet.

C. The frog is swimming without making a sound.

D. The frog is searching for food.

PASS Practice

You find a sweatshirt and infer that someone lost it. Which observation supports your

inference?

A. The sweatshirt has a tear in it.

B. It is small enough for a child to wear. C. It was lying on a busy street.

What is a Fair Test?

A Fair Test is an experiment where only 1 factor is changed or tested so we can determine if

that 1 factor affected (changed) the results.

Which soap will float? In this experiment, we

only changed the type of soap. The water and container stayed the same.

Is this a Fair Test?

Is this a Fair Test?

x-axis

y-axis

Variables

There are 2 types of variables:

1.Manipulated Variable - The thing in a fair test that is being changed. (on the x- axis)

1.Responding Variable- The thing that responds to the manipulated variable being changed.

What is the

manipulated variable

and the

responding variable

?

x-axis

4-1.3, 4-1.5

What is the

manipulated variable

and the

responding variable

?

x-axis

PASS Practice

A student decides to create a line graph of weather patterns. The responding variable should be on _______________.

A. The x- axis of the graph B. The y-axis of the graph

C. Both the x-axis and the y-axis

D. Neither the x-axis nor the y-axis

PASS Practice

Which variable is the manipulated variable in this investigation?

A. Water temperature B. Heat energy amount C. Water amount

PASS Practice

A student is studying plant growth. The

students gives 3 identical plants different plant types of plant food. Why type of variable is

plant food?

A. A fair variable

B. A controlled variable C. A responding variable D. A manipulated variable 4-1.3, 4-1.5

Soap Type and Weight

Blue Green White

S o ap W ei g h t (o z. )

PASS Practice

In the bar graph, which variable most likely belongs on the blank with the question mark?

A. Amount of sleep (hours) B. Number of students

C. Length of test (minutes) D. Time of day (hours)

4-1.7

Safety

Rules

Safety

Rules

Safety procedures to use when conducting simple science investigations may be:

•_{Always wear appropriate safety equipment such as goggles or an}

apron when conducting an investigation.

•_{Be careful with sharp objects and glass. Only the teacher should}

clean up broken glass.

•_{Do not put anything in the mouth unless instructed by the teacher.} •_{Follow all directions for completing the science investigation.}

4-1.7

Safety procedures to use when conducting simple science investigations may be:

•_{Keep hands away from eyes when using iron filings.}

•_{Keep the workplace neat. Clean up when the investigation is}

completed.

•_{Practice all of the safety procedures associated with the activities}

or investigations conducted.

•_{Tell the teacher about accidents or spills right away.} •_{Wash hands after each activity.}

PASS Practice

After an investigation is finished, students should ______________.

A. Take pictures of their notes

B. Clean up and wash their hands C. Leave everything exactly as is

PASS Practice

A student breaks a glass beaker during an investigation. What should the student do?

A. Use rubber gloves to pick it up B. Clean it up with a broom

C. Tell the teacher and let the teacher clean it up

D. Put on safety goggles to protect his eyes