Wartsila 46 PG

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Introduction

This Project Guide provides data and system proposals for the early design phase of marine engine install-ations. For contracted projects specific instructions for planning the installation are always delivered. Any data and information herein is subject to revision without notice. This 3/2007 issue replaces all previous issues of the Wärtsilä 46 Project Guides.

Updates Published

Issue

Chapter Exhaust emissions updated. 12.3.2007

3/2007

Minor changes in chapters Lubricating oil system and Turbocharger cleaning system, mass moments of inertia updated.

20.2.2007 2/2007

Sensors in internal system schemes updated, chapter Automation system updated. 18.1.2007

1/2007

Minor updates to chapters Fuel oil system and Cooling water system. 24.11.2006

2/2006

1155 kW/cyl output added, new chapter for common rail fuel injection, automation system chapter updated, numerous updates throughout the project guide.

17.11.2006 1/2006

Wärtsilä Ship Power 4-stroke, Business Support

Vaasa, March 2007

THIS PUBLICATION IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE AS ACCURATE AND AUTHORITATIVE INFORMATION REGARDING THE SUBJECTS COVERED AS WAS AVAILABLE AT THE TIME OF WRITING. HOWEVER, THE PUBLICATION DEALS WITH COMPLICATED TECHNICAL MATTERS AND THE DESIGN OF THE SUBJECT AND PRODUCTS IS SUBJECT TO REGULAR IMPROVEMENTS, MODIFICATIONS AND CHANGES. CONSEQUENTLY, THE PUB-LISHER AND COPYRIGHT OWNER OF THIS PUBLICATION CANNOT TAKE ANY RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS OR OMISSIONS IN THIS PUBLICATION OR FOR DISCREPANCIES ARISING FROM THE FEATURES OF ANY ACTUAL ITEM IN THE RESPECTIVE PRODUCT BEING DIFFERENT FROM THOSE SHOWN IN THIS PUBLICATION. THE PUBLISHER AND COPYRIGHT OWNER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE UNDER ANY CIR-CUMSTANCES, FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, SPECIAL, CONTINGENT, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES OR INJURY, FINANCIAL OR OTHERWISE, SUFFERED BY ANY PART ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, OR RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS PUBLICATION OR THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN.

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1. General data and outputs

The Wärtsilä 46 is a 4-stroke, non-reversible, turbocharged and intercooled diesel engine with direct fuel injection. 460 mm Cylinder bore 580 mm Stroke 96.4 l/cyl Piston displacement

2 inlet valves and 2 exhaust valves Number of valves

6, 8 and 9 in-line; 12, 16 and 18 in V-form Cylinder configuration

45° V-angle

clockwise, counter-clockwise on request Direction of rotation

500, 514 rpm Speed

9.7, 9.9 m/s Mean piston speed

1.1 Maximum continuous output

Table 1.1 Maximum continuous output at 500 rpm and 514 rpm

1155 kW/cyl 1050 kW/cyl 975 kW/cyl Engine type hp kW hp kW hp kW 9 420 6 930 8 565 6 300 7 950 5 850 6L46 12 560 9 240 11 420 8 400 10 600 7 800 8L46 14 135 10 395 12 850 9 450 11 930 8 775 9L46 18 845 13 860 17 130 12 600 15 900 11 700 12V46 25 125 18 480 22 840 16 800 21 210 15 600 16V46 28 265 20 790 25 695 18 900 23 860 17 550 18V46 *

* 18V46 only for diesel-electric propulsion.

Nominal speed 500 rpm is recommended for mechanical propulsion engines. The mean effective pressure Pecan be calculated using the following formula:

where:

mean effective pressure [bar] P_e=

output per cylinder [kW] P =

engine speed [r/min] n =

cylinder diameter [mm] D =

length of piston stroke [mm] L =

operating cycle (4) c =

1.2 Reference conditions

The output is available up to a charge air coolant temperature of max. 38°C and an air temperature of max. 45°C. For higher temperatures, the output has to be reduced according to the formula stated in ISO 3046-1:2002 (E).

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The specific fuel oil consumption is stated in the chapter Technical data. The stated specific fuel oil con-sumption applies to engines without engine driven pumps, operating in ambient conditions according to ISO 15550:2002 (E). The ISO standard reference conditions are:

100 kPa total barometric pressure

25°C air temperature

30% relative humidity

25°C charge air coolant temperature

Correction factors for the fuel oil consumption in other ambient conditions are given in standard ISO 3046-1:2002.

1.3 Dimensions and weights

Figure 1.1In-line engines (3V58E0537e)

Table 1.2 Principal dimensions, in-line engines [mm]

Weight [ton] M K I H G F E2 E D C B A A* Turbo-charger kW/cyl Engine 93 1010 1630 1940 1450 460 6170 1230 1460 650 2870 3680 8300 7820 NA 357 975 1050 6L46 94 1010 1630 1940 1450 460 6170 1230 1460 650 2870 3350 -7540 TPL 73 1155 116 1280 1630 1940 1450 460 7810 1230 1460 650 2870 2950 10000 9390 TPL 73 975 1050 8L46 119 1280 1870 1940 1450 460 7810 1230 1460 650 3270 3610 9930 9390 TPL 77 1155 133 1280 1870 1940 1450 460 8630 1230 1460 650 3270 3610 10750 10250 TPL 77 975 1050 1155 9L46

* Turbocharger at flywheel end

For applications with restricted height a low sump can be specified (dimension E2 instead of E), however without hydraulic jacks under the main bearing caps.

Weights are dry weights (in metric tons) of rigidly mounted engines without flywheel and pumps.

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Table 1.3 Additional weights [ton]: 9L46 8L46 6L46 Item 1...3 1...2 1...2 Flywheel 5.5 5.1 4.4 Resilient mounting parts on engine

2.0 2.0

2.0 Built-on pumps

Figure 1.2V-engines (3V58E0538d)

Table 1.4 Principal dimensions, V-engines [mm]

Weight [ton] M K I H G F E D C B A A* Turbo-charger kW/cyl Engine 170 1900 2260 2290 1800 460 7850 1500 800 4520 4060 10320 -NA 357 975 1050 12V46 172 1900 2270 2290 1800 460 7850 1500 800 4540 3660 10260 10410 TPL 73 1155 217 1900 2270 2290 1800 460 10050 1500 800 4420 3660 -12460 TPL 73 975 1050 16V46 218 1790 2680 2290 1800 460 10050 1500 800 5350 3990 12480 -TPL 77 1155 241 1790 2680 2290 1800 460 11150 1500 800 5350 3990 13670 -TPL 77 975 1050 1155 18V46

* Turbocharger at flywheel end

Weights are dry weights (in metric tons) of rigidly mounted engines without flywheel and pumps.

Table 1.5 Additional weights [ton]:

18V46 16V46 12V46 Item 1...3 1...3 1...3 Flywheel 7.7 6.9 5.6 Resilient mounting parts on engine

2.4 2.4

2.4 Built-on pumps

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2. Operating ranges

2.1 Engine operating range

Below nominal speed the load must be limited according to the diagrams in this chapter in order to maintain engine operating parameters within acceptable limits. Operation in the shaded area is permitted only tem-porarily during transients.

2.1.1 Controllable pitch propellers

Engines driving CP-propellers are commonly resiliently mounted, which restricts the available speed range. Inertia to be accelerated, clutch torque during engagement and directly driven pumps are other factors that may limit the speed range according to the diagrams, even though the engine is rigidly mounted.

An automatic load control system is required to protect the engine from overload. The load control reduces the propeller pitch automatically, when a pre-programmed load versus speed curve (“engine limit curve”) is exceeded, overriding the combinator curve if necessary. The engine load is derived from fuel rack position and actual engine speed (not speed demand).

The propulsion control should also include automatic limitation of the load increase rate. Maximum loading rates can be found later in this chapter.

The propeller efficiency is highest at design pitch. It is common practice to dimension the propeller so that the specified ship speed is attained with design pitch, nominal engine speed and 85% output in the specified loading condition. The power demand from a possible shaft generator or PTO must be taken into account. The 15% margin is a provision for weather conditions and fouling of hull and propeller. An additional engine margin can be applied for most economical operation of the engine, or to have reserve power.

Figure 2.1Operating field for CP-propeller, 975 kW/cyl (DAAE041143)

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2.1.2 Fixed pitch propellers

The thrust and power absorption of a given fixed pitch propeller is determined by the relation between ship speed and propeller revolution speed. The power absorption during acceleration, manoeuvring or towing is considerably higher than during free sailing for the same revolution speed. Increased ship resistance, for

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reason or another, reduces the ship speed, which increases the power absorption of the propeller over the whole operating range.

Loading conditions, weather conditions, ice conditions, fouling of hull, shallow water, and manoeuvring requirements must be carefully considered, when matching a fixed pitch propeller to the engine. The nominal propeller curve shown in the diagram must not be exceeded in service, except temporarily during acceleration and manoeuvring. A fixed pitch propeller for a free sailing ship is therefore dimensioned so that it absorbs max. 85% of the engine output at nominal engine speed during trial with loaded ship. Typ-ically this corresponds to about 82% for the propeller itself.

If the vessel is intended for towing, the propeller is dimensioned to absorb 95% of the engine power at nominal engine speed in bollard pull or towing condition. It is allowed to increase the engine speed to 101.7% in order to reach 100% MCR during bollard pull.

A shaft brake should be used to enable faster reversing and shorter stopping distance (crash stop). The ship speed at which the propeller can be engaged in reverse direction is still limited by the windmilling torque of the propeller and the torque capability of the engine at low revolution speed.

Figure 2.4Operating field for FP-propeller, 975 kW/cyl (4V93L0757)

2.2 Loading capacity

2.2.1 Definitions and general requirements

Controlled load increase is essential for highly supercharged diesel engines, because the turbocharger needs time to accelerate before it can deliver the required amount of air. Sufficient time to achieve even temperature distribution in engine components must also be ensured. This is especially important for larger engines.

The load increase ramps presented in this document apply to all available outputs for Wärtsilä 46 engines. If the control system has only one load increase ramp, then the ramp for a preheated engine should be used. The HT-water temperature in a preheated engine must be at least 60 ºC, preferably 70 ºC, and the lubricating oil temperature must be at least 40 ºC.

The ramp for normal loading applies to engines that have reached normal operating temperature.

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Emergency loading may only be possible by activating an emergency load programme. The activation of this program should be indicated with a visual and audible alarm in the control room and on the command bridge.

The load should always be applied gradually in normal operation. Class rules regarding load acceptance capability of diesel generators should not be interpreted as guidelines on how to apply load in normal op-eration. The class rules define what the engine must be capable of, if an unexpected event causes a sudden load step.

2.2.2 Mechanical propulsion, controllable pitch propeller (CPP)

Figure 2.5Maximum recommended load increase rates for variable speed engines (DAAE041292)

If minimum smoke during load increase is a major priority, slower loading rate than in the diagram can be necessary below 50% load.

In normal operation the load should not be reduced from 100% to 0% in less than 15 seconds. When ab-solutely necessary, the load can be reduced as fast as the pitch setting system can react (overspeed due to windmilling must be considered for high speed ships).

2.2.3 Diesel electric propulsion

Figure 2.6Maximum recommended load increase rates for engines operating at nominal speed (DAAE041292)

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In normal operation the load should not be reduced from 100% to 0% in less than 15 seconds. In an emergency situation the full load can be thrown off instantly.

The maximum deviation from steady state speed is less than 10%, when applying load according to the emergency loading ramp. Load increase according to the normal ramp correspondingly results in less than 3% speed deviation.

Maximum instant load steps

The electrical system must be designed so that tripping of breakers can be safely handled. This requires that the engines are protected from load steps exceeding their maximum load acceptance capability. The maximum permissible load step for an engine that has attained normal operating temperature is 33% MCR. The resulting speed drop is less than 10% and the recovery time to within 1% of the steady state speed at the new load level is max. 5 seconds.

When electrical power is restored after a black-out, consumers are reconnected in groups, which may cause significant load steps. The engine must be allowed to recover for at least 10 seconds before applying the following load step, if the load is applied in maximum steps.

2.2.4 Start-up time

A diesel generator typically reaches nominal speed in about 25 seconds after the start signal. The acceler-ation is limited by the speed control to minimise smoke during start-up.

2.3 Low air temperature

In cold conditions the following minimum inlet air temperatures apply:

• Starting +5 °C • Idling -5 °C • High load -10 °C

During prolonged low load operation in cold climate the two-stage charge air cooler is useful in heating the charge air by the HT-water. To prevent undercooling of the HT-water special provisions shall be made, e.g. by designing the preheating arrangement to heat the running engine. For operation at high load in cold climate the capacity of the wastegate arrangement is specified on a case-by-case basis.

For further guidelines, see chapter Combustion air system design.

2.4 Restrictions for low load operation and idling

The engine can be started, stopped and run on heavy fuel under all operating conditions. Continuous oper-ation on heavy fuel is preferred instead of changing over to diesel fuel at low load operoper-ation and manoeuvring. The following recommendations apply to idling and low load operation:

Absolute idling (declutched main engine, unloaded generator):

• Max. 10 min. (recommended 3 - 5 min.), if the engine is to be stopped after the idling. • Max. 6 hours, if the engine is to be loaded after the idling.

Operation at 5 - 20% load:

• Max. 100 hours’ continuous operation. At intervals of 100 operating hours the engine must be loaded

to min. 70% of the rated load. Operation at higher than 20% load:

• No restrictions.

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3. Technical data

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 General

This chapter contains the technical data (heat balance data, exhaust gas parameters, pump capacities etc.) needed to design auxiliary systems.

The technical data tables give separate exhaust gas and heat balance data for variable speed engines “CPP” and diesel-electric engines “D-E”. The reason for this is that these engines are built to different specifications. Engines driving controllable-pitch propellers belong to the category “CPP” whether or not they have shaft generators (operated at constant speed).

The parameters of engines driving fixed-pitch propellers are as ”CPP”. However, all output stages and nominal speeds are not available for FPP-applications.

3.1.2 Ambient conditions

The basic heat balance (in the table) is given in the so-called ISO-conditions (25°C suction air and 25°C LT-water temperature). The heat balance is, however, affected by the ambient conditions. The effect of the charge air suction temperature can be seen in the figures below.

The recommended LT-water system is based on maintaining a constant charge air temperature to minimise condensate. The external cooling water system will maintain an engine inlet temperature close to 38°C. On part load, the LT-water thermostatic valve of the engine will by-pass a part of the LT-water to maintain the charge air temperature at a constant level. With this arrangement the heat balance in not affected by variations in the LT-water temperature.

Figure 3.1Influence of suction air temperature

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Figure 3.2Influence of suction air temperature on exhaust gas temperature

3.1.3 Coolers

The coolers are typically dimensioned for tropical conditions, 45°C suction air and 32°C sea water temper-ature. A sea water temperature of 32°C typically translates to an LT-water temperature of 38°C. Correction factors are obtained from the diagrams.

Example: The heat balance of a 6L46C engine (nominal speed 500 rpm, driving a CPP) in tropical conditions:

Table 3.1 Heat balance example

Tropical ISO Factor 45 25 °C Suction air temperature

2073 1840

1.13 kW

HT-water total (jacket + CAC)

818 810 1.01 kW Lubricating oil 1605 1540 1.04 kW

LT-water total (lubricating oil + CAC)

3678 3380

1.09 kW

Central cooler (HT+LT) total

247 240

1.03 kW

Convection and radiation

10.1 10.7

0.94 kg/s

Combustion air mass flow

10.3 11.0

0.94 kg/s

Exhaust gas mass flow

410 380

+30 °C

Exhaust gas temperature

3.1.4 Heat recovery

For heat recovery purposes, dimensioning conditions have to be evaluated on a project specific basis as to engine load, operating modes, ambient conditions etc. The load dependent diagrams (after the tables) are valid in ISO-conditions, representing average conditions reasonably well in many cases.

There are separate load-dependent exhaust gas and heat balance diagrams for variable speed engines operated at:

• Constant speed. This is a typical operating mode of a variable speed engine with a shaft generator. • Variable speed. Operation along nominal propeller curve is assumed. If necessary, accurate figures

when operating according to a combination curve can be obtained by interpolation from these two diagrams.

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3.1.5 Engine driven pumps

The basic fuel consumption given in the technical data tables are without engine driven pumps. The increase in fuel consumption in g/kWh is given in the table below:

Table 3.2 Fuel consumption increase with engine driven pumps [g/kWh]

Engine load [%] 100 85 75 50 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0

Lubricating oil pump Constant speed

1.0 1.3

1.6 2.0

HT- & LT-pump total

2.0 2.0

Lubricating oil pump Propeller law

1.0 1.0

HT- & LT-pump total

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3.2 Technical data tables

3.2.1 Wärtsilä 6L46

DE DE ME DE DE ME ME Wärtsilä 6L46 1155 1155 1155 1050 1050 1050 975 kW Cylinder output 514 500 500 514 500 500 500 rpm Engine speed 6930 6930 6930 6300 6300 6300 5850 kW Engine output 2.8 2.88 2.88 2.54 2.61 2.61 2.43 MPa

Mean effective pressure

Combustion air system (Note 1)

12.4 12.2 12.2 10.9 10.7 10.7 10.3 kg/s Flow at 100% load 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 °C

Temperature at turbocharger intake, max.

40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 °C

Temperature after air cooler (TE 601)

Exhaust gas system (Note 2)

12.7 12.5 12.5 11.2 11.0 11.0 10.6 kg/s Flow at 100% load 11.9 11.7 11.5 10.5 10.3 10.1 9.1 kg/s Flow at 85% load 11.1 10.9 10.0 9.7 9.5 8.6 7.7 kg/s Flow at 75% load 9.2 9.0 6.5 7.0 6.8 5.5 5.2 kg/s Flow at 50% load 375 390 390 375 380 380 380 °C

Temp. after turbo, 100% load (TE 517)

310 315 320 305 310 315 320 °C

310 315 320 300 305 330 340 °C

275 280 360 315 320 380 395 °C

Temp. after turbo, 50% load, BP open (TE 517)

3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 kPa Backpressure, max. 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 mm

Pipe diameter, min.

918 922 922 863 858 858 842 mm

Calculated pipe diameter for 35 m/s

Heat balance at 100% load (Note 3)

700 700 700 650 650 650 630 kW

Jacket water, HT-circuit

1425 1425 1425 1190 1190 1190 1000 kW

Charge air, HT-circuit

825 825 825 730 730 730 660 kW

Charge air, LT-circuit

850 850 850 810 810 810 770 kW

Lubricating oil, LT-circuit

190 190 190 180 180 180 170 kW Radiation

Fuel system (Note 4)

800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 kPa

Pressure before injection pumps (PT 101)

5.7 5.7 5.7 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 m3/h

Fuel flow to engine, approx.

20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 cSt

HFO viscosity before engine

2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 cSt MDF viscosity, min. 135 135 135 135 135 135 135 °C

Max. HFO temperature before engine (TE 101)

4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 kg/h

Clean leak fuel quantity, HFO at 100% load

22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 kg/h

Clean leak fuel quantity, MDF at 100% load

183 183 183 176 176 176 175 g/kWh

Fuel consumption at 100% load

179 179 178 172 172 170 170 g/kWh

180 180 178 172 172 170 170 g/kWh

188 188 182 176 176 174 175 g/kWh

Lubricating oil system

400 400 400 400 400 400 400 kPa

Pressure before bearings, nom. (PT 201)

800 800 800 800 800 800 800 kPa

Pressure after pump, max.

40 40 40 40 40 40 40 kPa

Suction ability, including pipe loss, max.

80 80 80 80 80 80 80 kPa

Priming pressure, nom. (PT 201)

63 63 63 63 63 63 63 °C

Temperature before bearings, nom. (TE 201)

78 78 78 78 78 78 78 °C

Temperature after engine, approx.

153 149 157 153 149 157 157 m3_/h

Pump capacity (main), engine driven

145 140 140 145 140 140 140 m3/h

Pump capacity (main), electrically driven

120 120 120 120 120 120 120 m3/h

Oil flow through engine

34 34 34 34 34 34 34 m3_/h

Priming pump capacity

9.4 9.4 9.4 8.5 8.5 8.5 7.9 m3

Oil volume in separate system oil tank

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 g/kWh

Oil consumption at 100% load

1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 l/min

Crankcase ventilation flow rate at full load

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 Pa

Crankcase ventilation backpressure, max.

8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 l

Oil volume in turning device

1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 l

Oil volume in speed governor

High temperature cooling water system

250 + static 250 + static 250 + static 250 + static 250 + static 250 + static 250 + static kPa

Pressure at engine, after pump, nom. (PT 401)

480 480 480 480 480 480 480 kPa

Pressure at engine, after pump, max. (PT 401)

74 74 74 74 74 74 74 °C

Temperature before cylinders, approx. (TE 401)

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DE DE ME DE DE ME ME Wärtsilä 6L46 1155 1155 1155 1050 1050 1050 975 kW Cylinder output 514 500 500 514 500 500 500 rpm Engine speed 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 °C

Temperature after cylinders, approx. (TE 402)

91 91 91 91 91 91 91 °C

Temperature after charge air cooler, nom.

135 135 135 135 135 135 135 m3/h

Capacity of engine driven pump, nom.

70 70 70 70 70 70 70 kPa

Pressure drop over engine, total

150 150 150 150 150 150 150 kPa

Pressure drop in external system, max.

70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 kPa

Pressure from expansion tank

0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 m3

Water volume in engine

Low temperature cooling water system

250 250 250 250 250 250 250 kPa

440 440 440 440 440 440 440 kPa

38 38 38 38 38 38 38 °C

Temperature before engine, max. (TE 451)

25 25 25 25 25 25 25 °C

Temperature before engine, min. (TE 451)

135 135 135 135 135 135 135 m3/h

30 30 30 30 30 30 30 kPa

Pressure drop over charge air cooler

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 kPa

70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 kPa

Starting air system

3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 kPa Pressure, nom. 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 kPa

Pressure at engine during start, min. (20°C)

3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 kPa Pressure, max. 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 kPa

Low pressure limit in air vessels

3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 Nm3

Consumption per start at 20°C (manual)

4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 Nm3

Consumption per start at 20°C, (with slowturn)

COMMON RAIL Fuel oil system

4.3 4.3 4.3 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.5 m3/h

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 cSt MDF viscosity, min. 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 kg/h

11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 kg/h

11 11 11 11 11 11 11 l

Clean leak fuel quantity at stop, max.

3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 l/min

Control oil flow, steady

110 110 110 110 110 110 110 l/min

Control oil flow, max. momentary

5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 Nm3

6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 Nm3

Notes:

At ISO 3046-1 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C) and 100% load. Tolerance 5%. Note 1

At ISO 3046-1 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C) and 100% load. Flow tolerance 5% and temperature tolerance 15°C.

Note 2

At ISO3046-1 conditions (ambient air temperature 25°C, LT-water 25°C) and 100% load. Tolerance for cooling water heat 10%, tolerance for radiation heat 30%. Fouling factors and a margin to be taken into ac-count when dimensioning heat exchangers.

Note 3

According to ISO 3046/1, lower calorific value 42 700 kJ/kg, without engine driven pumps. Tolerance 5%. Load according to propeller law for mechanical propulsion engines (ME).

Note 4

Subject to revision without notice.

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3.2.2 Wärtsilä 8L46

16.5 16.3 16.3 14.5 14.3 14.3 13.7 kg/s Flow at 100% load 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 °C

40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 °C

310 315 320 305 310 315 320 °C

310 315 320 300 305 330 340 °C

275 280 360 315 320 380 395 °C

Pipe diameter, min.

1059 1065 1065 995 992 992 971 mm

933 933 933 867 867 867 840 kW

1900 1900 1900 1587 1587 1587 1333 kW

1100 1100 1100 973 973 973 880 kW

1133 1133 1133 1080 1080 1080 1027 kW

240 240 240 220 220 220 210 kW Radiation

800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 kPa

7.6 7.6 7.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.1 m3/h

20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 cSt

6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 kg/h

30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 kg/h

183 183 183 176 176 176 175 g/kWh

179 179 178 172 172 170 170 g/kWh

180 180 178 172 172 170 170 g/kWh

188 188 182 176 176 174 176 g/kWh

400 400 400 400 400 400 400 kPa

800 800 800 800 800 800 800 kPa

40 40 40 40 40 40 40 kPa

80 80 80 80 80 80 80 kPa

63 63 63 63 63 63 63 °C

78 78 78 78 78 78 78 °C

153 149 198 153 149 198 198 m3_/h

145 145 145 145 145 145 145 m3/h

115 115 115 115 115 115 115 m3/h

45 45 45 45 45 45 45 m3_/h

12.5 12.5 12.5 11.3 11.3 11.3 10.5 m3

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 g/kWh

1800 1800 1800 1500 1500 1500 1500 l/min

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 Pa

8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 8.5...9.5 l

1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 l

480 480 480 480 480 480 480 kPa

74 74 74 74 74 74 74 °C

82 82 82 82 82 82 82 °C

91 91 91 91 91 91 91 °C

180 180 180 180 180 180 180 m3_/h

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DE DE ME DE DE ME ME Wärtsilä 8L46 1155 1155 1155 1050 1050 1050 975 kW Cylinder output 514 500 500 514 500 500 500 rpm Engine speed 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 kPa

150 150 150 150 150 150 150 kPa

70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 kPa

1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 m3

250 250 250 250 250 250 250 kPa

440 440 440 440 440 440 440 kPa

38 38 38 38 38 38 38 °C

25 25 25 25 25 25 25 °C

180 180 180 180 180 180 180 m3/h

30 30 30 30 30 30 30 kPa

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 kPa

70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 kPa

4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 Nm3

5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 Nm3

5.7 5.7 5.7 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 m3_/h

15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 kg/h

15 15 15 15 15 15 15 l

4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 l/min

110 110 110 110 110 110 110 l/min

7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 Nm3

8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 Nm3

Notes:

Note 2

Note 3

Note 4

(22)

3.2.3 Wärtsilä 9L46

18.6 18.3 18.3 16.4 16.1 16.1 15.5 kg/s Flow at 100% load 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 °C

40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 °C

310 315 320 305 310 315 320 °C

310 315 320 300 305 330 340 °C

275 280 360 315 320 380 395 °C

Pipe diameter, min.

1126 1130 1130 1056 1051 1051 1032 mm

1050 1050 1050 975 975 975 945 kW

2138 2138 2136 1785 1785 1785 1500 kW

1238 1238 1238 1095 1095 1095 990 kW

1275 1275 1275 1215 1215 1215 1155 kW

260 260 260 240 240 240 230 kW Radiation

800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 kPa

8.6 8.6 8.6 7.5 7.5 7.5 6.9 m3/h

20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 cSt

6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 kg/h

34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 kg/h

183 183 183 176 176 176 175 g/kWh

179 179 178 172 172 170 170 g/kWh

180 180 178 172 172 170 170 g/kWh

188 188 182 176 176 174 175 g/kWh

400 400 400 400 400 400 400 kPa

800 800 800 800 800 800 800 kPa

40 40 40 40 40 40 40 kPa

80 80 80 80 80 80 80 kPa

63 63 63 63 63 63 63 °C

78 78 78 78 78 78 78 °C

162 157 198 162 157 198 198 m3_/h

160 160 160 160 160 160 160 m3/h

130 130 130 130 130 130 130 m3/h

51 51 51 51 51 51 51 m3_/h

14.0 14.0 14.0 12.8 12.8 12.8 11.8 m3

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 g/kWh

1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 l/min

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 Pa

68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 l

1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 l

480 480 480 480 480 480 480 kPa

74 74 74 74 74 74 74 °C

82 82 82 82 82 82 82 °C

91 91 91 91 91 91 91 °C

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 m3_/h

(23)

DE DE ME DE DE ME ME Wärtsilä 9L46 1155 1155 1155 1050 1050 1050 975 kW Cylinder output 514 500 500 514 500 500 500 rpm Engine speed 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 kPa

150 150 150 150 150 150 150 kPa

70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 kPa

1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 m3

250 250 250 250 250 250 250 kPa

440 440 440 440 440 440 440 kPa

38 38 38 38 38 38 38 °C

25 25 25 25 25 25 25 °C

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 m3/h

30 30 30 30 30 30 30 kPa

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 kPa

70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 kPa

5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 Nm3

6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 Nm3

6.4 6.4 6.4 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.2 m3_/h

17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 kg/h

17 17 17 17 17 17 17 l

4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 l/min

110 110 110 110 110 110 110 l/min

8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 Nm3

9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 Nm3

Notes:

Note 2

Note 3

Note 4

(24)

3.2.4 Wärtsilä 12V46

DE DE ME DE DE ME ME Wärtsilä 12V46 1155 1155 1155 1050 1050 1050 975 kW Cylinder output 514 500 500 514 500 500 500 rpm Engine speed 13860 13860 13860 12600 12600 12600 11700 kW Engine output 2.8 2.88 2.88 2.54 2.61 2.61 2.43 MPa

24.8 24.3 24.3 21.8 21.4 21.4 20.6 kg/s Flow at 100% load 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 °C

40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 °C

310 315 320 305 310 321 320 °C

310 315 320 300 305 318 340 °C

275 280 360 315 320 371 395 °C

Pipe diameter, min.

1314 1303 1303 1220 1213 1213 1191 mm

1600 1600 1600 1420 1420 1420 1320 kW

3000 3000 3000 2640 2640 2640 2270 kW

1400 1400 1400 1190 1190 1190 1080 kW

1500 1500 1500 1400 1400 1400 1380 kW

320 320 320 295 295 295 280 kW Radiation

800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 kPa

11.4 11.4 11.4 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.2 m3/h

20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 cSt

9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 kg/h

45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 kg/h

183 183 183 176 176 176 175 g/kWh

179 179 178 172 172 170 170 g/kWh

180 180 178 172 172 170 170 g/kWh

188 188 182 176 176 174 175 g/kWh

400 400 400 400 400 400 400 kPa

800 800 800 800 800 800 800 kPa

40 40 40 40 40 40 40 kPa

80 80 80 80 80 80 80 kPa

63 63 63 63 63 63 63 °C

78 78 78 78 78 78 78 °C

221 215 263 221 215 263 263 m3_/h

210 210 210 210 210 210 210 m3/h

170 170 170 170 170 170 170 m3/h

65 65 65 65 65 65 65 m3_/h

18.7 18.7 18.7 17.0 17.0 17.0 15.8 m3

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 g/kWh

1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 l/min

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 Pa

68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 l

1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 l

480 480 480 480 480 480 480 kPa

74 74 74 74 74 74 74 °C

82 82 82 82 82 82 82 °C

91 91 91 91 91 91 91 °C

270 270 270 270 270 270 270 m3_/h

(25)

DE DE ME DE DE ME ME Wärtsilä 12V46 1155 1155 1155 1050 1050 1050 975 kW Cylinder output 514 500 500 514 500 500 500 rpm Engine speed 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 kPa

150 150 150 150 150 150 150 kPa

70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 kPa

1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 m3

250 250 250 250 250 250 250 kPa

440 440 440 440 440 440 440 kPa

38 38 38 38 38 38 38 °C

25 25 25 25 25 25 25 °C

270 270 270 270 270 270 270 m3/h

30 30 30 30 30 30 30 kPa

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 kPa

70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 kPa

6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 Nm3

7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 Nm3

8.6 8.6 8.6 7.5 7.5 7.5 6.9 m3_/h

22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 kg/h

22 22 22 22 22 22 22 l

6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 l/min

110 110 110 110 110 110 110 l/min

9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 Nm3

10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 Nm3

Notes:

Note 2

Note 3

Note 4

(26)

3.2.5 Wärtsilä 16V46

DE DE ME DE DE ME ME Wärtsilä 16V46 1155 1155 1155 1050 1050 1050 975 kW Cylinder output 514 500 500 514 500 500 500 rpm Engine speed 18480 18480 18480 16800 16800 16800 15600 kW Engine output 2.8 2.88 2.88 2.54 2.61 2.61 2.43 MPa

33.1 32.4 32.4 29.1 28.5 28.5 27.5 kg/s Flow at 100% load 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 °C

40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 40...70 °C

310 315 320 305 310 321 320 °C

310 315 320 300 305 318 340 °C

275 280 360 315 320 371 395 °C

Pipe diameter, min.

1518 1504 1504 1409 1400 1400 1376 mm

2133 2133 2133 1893 1893 1893 1760 kW

4000 4000 4000 3520 3520 3520 3027 kW

1867 1867 1867 1587 1587 1587 1440 kW

2000 2000 2000 1867 1867 1867 1840 kW

380 380 380 360 360 360 340 kW Radiation

800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 800...1000 kPa

15.3 15.3 15.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 12.3 m3/h

20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 20...24 cSt

12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 kg/h

60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 kg/h

183 183 183 176 176 176 175 g/kWh

179 179 178 172 172 170 170 g/kWh

180 180 178 172 172 170 170 g/kWh

188 188 182 176 176 174 175 g/kWh

400 400 400 400 400 400 400 kPa

800 800 800 800 800 800 800 kPa

40 40 40 40 40 40 40 kPa

80 80 80 80 80 80 80 kPa

63 63 63 63 63 63 63 °C

78 78 78 78 78 78 78 °C

272 263 279 272 263 279 279 m3_/h

260 260 260 260 260 260 260 m3/h

230 230 230 230 230 230 230 m3/h

85 85 85 85 85 85 85 m3_/h

24.9 24.9 24.9 22.7 22.7 22.7 21.1 m3

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 g/kWh

2600 2600 2600 2300 2300 2300 2300 l/min

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 Pa

68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 68...70 l

1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 l

480 480 480 480 480 480 480 kPa

74 74 74 74 74 74 74 °C

82 82 82 82 82 82 82 °C

91 91 91 91 91 91 91 °C

355 355 355 355 355 355 355 m3_/h

(27)

DE DE ME DE DE ME ME Wärtsilä 16V46 1155 1155 1155 1050 1050 1050 975 kW Cylinder output 514 500 500 514 500 500 500 rpm Engine speed 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 kPa

150 150 150 150 150 150 150 kPa

70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 70...150 kPa

2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 m3

250 250 250 250 250 250 250 kPa

440 440 440 440 440 440 440 kPa

38 38 38 38 38 38 38 °C

25 25 25 25 25 25 25 °C

355 355 355 355 355 355 355 m3/h

30 30 30 30 30 30 30 kPa

200 200 200 200 200 200 200 kPa

70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 70 ... 150 kPa

7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 Nm3

9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 Nm3

11.4 11.4 11.4 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.2 m3_/h

30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 kg/h

29 29 29 29 29 29 29 l

8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 l/min

110 110 110 110 110 110 110 l/min

11.7 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.7 11.7 Nm3

13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 Nm3

Notes:

Note 2

Note 3

Note 4

(28)

3.2.6 Wärtsilä 18V46

DE DE Wärtsilä 18V46 1050 1050 kW Cylinder output 514 500 rpm Engine speed 18900 18900 kW Engine output 2.54 2.61 MPa Mean effective pressure

32.7 32.1 kg/s Flow at 100% load 45 45 °C Temperature at turbocharger intake, max.

40...70 40...70

°C Temperature after air cooler (TE 601)

33.6 33.0 kg/s Flow at 100% load 31.5 30.9 kg/s Flow at 85% load 28.8 28.4 kg/s Flow at 75% load 20.7 20.4 kg/s Flow at 50% load 375 380 °C Temp. after turbo, 100% load (TE 517)

305 310

°C Temp. after turbo, 85% load (TE 517)

300 305

°C Temp. after turbo, 75% load (TE 517)

315 320

°C Temp. after turbo, 50% load, BP open (TE 517)

3.0 3.0 kPa Backpressure, max. 1500 1500 mm Pipe diameter, min.

1494 1486

mm Calculated pipe diameter for 35 m/s

2130 2130

kW Jacket water, HT-circuit

3960 3960

kW Charge air, HT-circuit

1785 1785

kW Charge air, LT-circuit

2100 2100

kW Lubricating oil, LT-circuit

390 390

kW Radiation

800...1000 800...1000

kPa Pressure before injection pumps (PT 101)

15.0 15.0

m3/h Fuel flow to engine, approx.

20...24 20...24

cSt HFO viscosity before engine

2.8 2.8 cSt MDF viscosity, min. 135 135 °C Max. HFO temperature before engine (TE 101)

13.6 13.6

kg/h Clean leak fuel quantity, HFO at 100% load

68.0 68.0

kg/h Clean leak fuel quantity, MDF at 100% load

176 176

g/kWh Fuel consumption at 100% load

172 172

176 176

400 400

kPa Pressure before bearings, nom. (PT 201)

800 800

kPa Pressure after pump, max.

40 40

kPa Suction ability, including pipe loss, max.

80 80

kPa Priming pressure, nom. (PT 201)

63 63

°C Temperature before bearings, nom. (TE 201)

78 78

°C Temperature after engine, approx.

287 279

m3_/h

279 279

m3/h Pump capacity (main), electrically driven

260 260

m3/h Oil flow through engine

100 100

m3_/h

25.5 25.5

m3

0.5 0.5

g/kWh Oil consumption at 100% load

2800 2800

l/min Crankcase ventilation flow rate at full load

200 200

Pa Crankcase ventilation backpressure, max.

68...70 68...70

l Oil volume in turning device

1.9 1.9

l Oil volume in speed governor

250 + static 250 + static

kPa Pressure at engine, after pump, nom. (PT 401)

480 480

kPa Pressure at engine, after pump, max. (PT 401)

74 74

°C Temperature before cylinders, approx. (TE 401)

82 82

°C Temperature after cylinders, approx. (TE 402)

91 91

°C Temperature after charge air cooler, nom.

400 400

m3_/h

(29)

DE DE Wärtsilä 18V46 1050 1050 kW Cylinder output 514 500 rpm Engine speed 70 70 kPa Pressure drop over engine, total

150 150

kPa Pressure drop in external system, max.

70...150 70...150

kPa Pressure from expansion tank

2.6 2.6

m3

250 250

kPa Pressure at engine, after pump, nom. (PT 451)

440 440

kPa Pressure at engine, after pump, max. (PT 451)

38 38

°C Temperature before engine, max. (TE 451)

25 25

°C Temperature before engine, min. (TE 451)

400 400

m3/h Capacity of engine driven pump, nom.

30 30

kPa Pressure drop over charge air cooler

200 200

kPa Pressure drop in external system, max.

70 ... 150 70 ... 150

kPa Pressure from expansion tank

3000 3000 kPa Pressure, nom. 1000 1000 kPa Pressure at engine during start, min. (20°C)

3000 3000 kPa Pressure, max. 1800 1800 kPa Low pressure limit in air vessels

9.0 9.0

Nm3

10.8 10.8

Nm3

11.2 11.2

m3_/h

2 2 cSt MDF viscosity, min. 6.8 6.8 kg/h Clean leak fuel quantity, HFO at 100% load

34.0 34.0

kg/h Clean leak fuel quantity, MDF at 100% load

33 33

l Clean leak fuel quantity at stop, max.

9.0 9.0

l/min Control oil flow, steady

110 110

l/min Control oil flow, max. momentary

13.5 13.5

Nm3

15.3 15.3

Nm3

Notes:

Note 2

Note 3

Note 4

Wartsila 46 PG

Introduction

Table of Contents

1.

General data and outputs

1.1

Maximum continuous output

1.2

Reference conditions

1.3

Dimensions and weights

2.

Operating ranges

2.1

Engine operating range

2.1.1 Controllable pitch propellers

2.1.2 Fixed pitch propellers

2.2

Loading capacity

2.2.1 Definitions and general requirements

2.2.2 Mechanical propulsion, controllable pitch propeller (CPP)

2.2.3 Diesel electric propulsion

Maximum instant load steps

2.2.4 Start-up time

2.3

Low air temperature

2.4

Restrictions for low load operation and idling

3.

Technical data

3.1

Introduction

3.1.1 General

3.1.2 Ambient conditions

3.1.3 Coolers

3.1.4 Heat recovery

3.1.5 Engine driven pumps

3.2

Technical data tables

3.2.1 Wärtsilä 6L46

3.2.2 Wärtsilä 8L46

3.2.3 Wärtsilä 9L46

3.2.4 Wärtsilä 12V46

3.2.5 Wärtsilä 16V46

3.2.6 Wärtsilä 18V46