Vital and
Health Statistics
National Mortality Followback Survey:
1986 Summary, United States
Series 20:
Data From the 1986 National Mortality Followback Survey
No, 19
Data collected in the 1986 National Followback Survey are presented in 81 tables according to pertinent sets of descriptive variables, The tables are grouped into three categories: care in the last year of life, lifestyle and health, and socioeconomic characteristics of decedents, Data are presented on health services used, disabilities, help with activities of daily living, out-of-pocket expenditures for health care, smoking practices and other lifestyle patterns that affect health and longevity, incidence of disease, and socioeconomic
characteristics — including income, education, and employment, The survey covered a representative sample of all adult deaths in the United States.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service
Centers for Disease Control National Center for Health Statistics
Hyattsvllle, Marytand September 1992
DHHS Publication No. [PHSj 92-1856
-
!1
I
Copyright Information
All material appearing in this repori is in the pubhc domain and may be reproduced or copied withoul permission; citation as to source, however, is appreciated.
Suggested Citation
Seeman 1. National Mortality Followback Survey: 1986 summary, United States.
National Center for Health Statistics. Vial Health Stat 20(1 9). 1992,
Library of Congress Cataloging-In-Publication Data
Seeman, Isadore.
National Mortality Followback Survey: 1986 summary, United States.
p. cm. – &Wal and health statistics. Series 20, Data from the 1986 National Mortality Followback Suwey ; no. 19) (DHHS publication : no, (PHS) 92-1 856)
By Isadore Seeman.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN &6406-04564
1. Mortalitp United States. 2. United States –Statistics, Vital, 3, United States– Statistics, Medical. 1. National Center for Health Statistics
(U.S.) Il. Title. 111.Series. IV. Series: Vital and health statistics. Series 20, Data from the National Vital Statistics System ; no. 19,
[DNLM: 1. Heaith Surveys– United States. 2. Mortali~– United States.
W2 A N148vt no. 19]
HB1335.A18 no. 19 [RA407.3]
304.6’4’0973021 s – dc20 [304.6’4’0973021]
DNLM/DLC 92-1 062d
for Libra~ of Congress CIP
—
National Center for Health Statistics Manning Feinleib, M.D., Dr.P.H., Director Jack R. Anderson, Acting Deputy Director
Jacob J. Feldman, Ph. D., Associate IXrectorforAnalysis and Epidemiology
Gail F. Fisher, Ph. D., Associate Directorfor Planning and Extramural Progrmn.s
Peter L. Hurley, Associate Directorfor Vital and Health Statistics Systems
Robert A. Israel, Associate Directorfor International Statistics
Stephen E. Nieberding, Associate Directorfor Management
Charles J. Rothwell, Associate Director for Data Processing and Services
Monroe G. Sirken, Ph.D., Associate Directorfor Research and Methodology
David L. Larson, Assistant DirectoL Atlanta
Division of Vital Statistics John E. Patterson, Director
James A. Weed, Ph.D., Depu~ Director
Paul Placek, Ph.D., ChieJ Followback Survey Branch Joseph D. Farrell, Chiej Systems and Programming
Branch
Mabel G. Smith, Chiej StatiMical Resources Branch
Contents
Introduction . . . . 1
Selected characteristics of decedents ., .,.... . . . ,,. .,.$, . . . . 1
Related publications . . . ...!.. . . . . 1
Highlights . . . ...! . . . . 6
Care in the last year of life . . . . 6
Lifestyle andhealth . . . ,, ..,,,. ,,.,, ,. , $, . ,, , , , . . . ! . . . , . , ,. , , . . . , . . 6
Socioeconomic characteristics.. . . . . 7
References . . . , . . . ! , ,. ...!.. . . . . 8
List of detailed tables . . . .,, ,,... . . . . 9
Appendixes 1, Technical noteson methods and interpretation . . . ,, . . . 208
IL Definitions ofcertain terms used inthis report , .$ ,. ., . , ,, ,. , . ,. ! , . . . 212
111, Sumeyinstruments used inthe1986National Mortali@ Followback Suney . . . ,,, ..,,, ,.,..$, 213
List of text tables A, Percent distribution of decedents by relationship to informant, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . .,, ..,,, ,., ,.,.. ,,...,, 2
B. Percent distribution ofinformantsby whether informant had ever lived with decedent since25 years of age and years lived together, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986. . . . 3
c. Number andpercent distribution ofdecedents bysex, race, andage: United States, l986 . . . . 5
...
IllSymbols --- Data not available . . . Category not applicable
Quantity zero
0.0 Quantity more than zero but less than 0.05
z Quantity more than zero but less than
500 where numbers are rounded to
thousands
National Mortality
Followback Survey: 1986 Summary, United States
by Isadore Seeman, M.P.H.
formerly Office of Vital and Health Care Statistics
Introduction This report provides selected data from this survey.
The 1986 National Mortality Followback Survey Public This report provides national estimates of the inci- Use Data Tape, PB90-501800, and the documentation dence of significant characteristics of adults who died in may be purchased from the National Technical Informa- the United States in 1986. Data are included on use of tion Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, health services, disabilities, lifestyle practices that may VA 22161.
affect health and mortali~, and socioeconomic circum- stances of the decedents.
These data supplement routinely available informa- Selected characteristics of
tion on mortality in the United States. The basic source of decedents
data on mortal~~ in the United States is the information routinely collected on death certificates filed with the vital statistics registrars in each State. Under the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program, the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) collects data from registration offices in these States and in New York City and the District of Columbia to obtain national data. These annual data are valuable in understanding mortality characteristics and trends in the U.S. population, but because the death certificates from which they come are designed for admin- istrative and legal as well as statistical uses, there are limitations on the information that can be included on these records. NCHS therefore periodically conducts mor- tality followback surveys in which a greater depth of information can be obtained.
Data presented in this report are from the 1986 National Mortality Followback Survey (NMFS) conducted by NCHS. This fifth NCHS national mortality followback survey follows the four conducted in the 1960’s. In the 1986 NMFS, data were collected primarily from infor- mants named on the death certificates, 81 percent of whom were the next of kin or another close relative of the decedent (see table A). Seventy-nine percent of the infor- mants had lived with the decedent as an adult for 10 years or more, and nearly 58 percent had done so for 20 years or more (see table B). Information about the decedent se- cured from informants was supplemented by data col- lected from hospitals, nursing homes, and other health care facilities in which the decedent spent at least one night during the last year of life.
Information was sought on 18,733 deaths in 1986, a national l-percent probability sample of all deaths of persons 25 years of age and over in the United States except Oregon. Substantive responses were received for 16,598 decedents, for an overall response rate of 88,6 percent.
Weighting the number of decedents included in the survey to achieve national estimates yields a total of 1,986,869 deaths. The distribution of these decedents by sex, race, and age is shown in table C.
The preponderance of deaths occurred at the older ages, as indicated by the fact that 74.0 percent of those who died were 65 years of age or over, 21.3 percent of the decedents were 85 years of age or over, and the median age at death was 74 years.
Of the decedents, 51.8 percent were males and 48.2 per- cent were females. The greater longevity of females is shown by the fact that 29.4 percent of the women died at age 85 years or over compared with 13.7 percent of the men.
White persons constituted 87.6 percent of the dece- dents; black persons, 11.5 percent; and persons of other races, 1.0 percent.
Marital status as reported on the death certificates showed 47.0 percent of the decedents as married, 37.1 per- cent as widowed, 8.4 percent as never married, and 7.2 percent as divorced. Marital status was unstated on fewer than 1 percent of certificates.
In some of the tables that follow, the sum of a column or row may not agree with the total because of rounding.
Related publications
Several NCHS publications of findings from the sur- vey have been issued (l-3), and NCHS plans to publish a Series 2 report entitled “Development, Methods and Response Characteristics, 1986 National Mortality Follow- back Survey.”
Three additional NCHS reports are in preparation.
One is a study of the effect on quality and completeness of a survey response of the interval between the death and
1
the informant’s response. The second is a comparison of formed to coordinate plans for further publication grow- selected items as reported on the death certificate and as ing out of analysis of the survey data.
reported on the survey questionnaire. The third is an Reports from previous National Mortality Followback examination of trends reveaIed by the findings of the five Surveys have also been published by NCHS (7-11) or national mortality surveys conducted by NCHS.
A number of published papers present reports on or presented elsewhere (12-13), findings in the 1986 NMFS (4-6). A group has been
Table A. Percent distribution of decedents by relationship to informant, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986
Re\at!onsh\p
Husband Father or Son or Brother or Other Non- Staff
Sex, race,and age Total
Don’t
or wife mother daughter skter relative re/ative Derson know
Both sexes
All races, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-84 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . White, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 85-74 years . . . . 75-34 years . . . . 85 years And over . . . . Black, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65–74years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85 years And over . . . . Other races, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . .
Male
All races, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65–74years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . White, 25 years and over. . . . , . . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-84 years . . . . 65–74years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . Black, 25 years andover. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . Other races, 25 years and over. . . . 2544years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-84 years . . . . 85years and over . . . .
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0 100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
35.9 32.6 54.0 49.8 31.7 9.8 36.9 36.8 57.5 52.1 32.3 9.7 28.3 19.0 36.7 34.4 26.5 10.4 26.0 36.7 49.1 15.9 i e.5 21.5
50.7 31.0 59.0 61.5 51.2 25.9 52.5 34.6 61.6 63.6 52.2 26.0 39.4 19.4 44.2 48.2 44.2 24.3 30!5 30.1 5e.7 15.1 21.3 26.2
33.5 4,1 19,4 26.4 38.7 56.3 34.2 3.6 18.5 25,3 39.2 57.3 27.6 6.2 23.8 31.2 31.7 44.2 41.8 1.3 22.4 73.0 56.1 42.7
21.9 3.2 13.1 17.4 26.5 48.0 22.2 2.9 12.9 18.6 28.6 46.8 17.7 4.1 13.8 19.9 22.5 40.5 38,4 1.8 19.5 70.2 56.9 34.2
4.1 35.4 4.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 3.4 34.3 3.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 6.e 40,1 8,2 2.1 2.0 2.0 6.5 23.3 3.8 0.8 0.5 10.6
5.1 36.8 4.7 0.9 1.3 1.8 4.3 36.0 3.9 0.8 1.3 1.5 10.4 40.5 9.0 1.7 1.5 3.5 6.4 25.6 1.0 0.5 0.4 8.9
Percent distribution 7.8 14.6 10.7 8.3 8.4 4.3 7.1 12.6 9.4 7.8 8.2 4.2 13.2 19.8 17.3 12.2 8.7 6.e 5.9 19.2 7.5 6,1 1.1 0.3
7.9 15.3 11,9 7.1 4,8 3.8 7.0 13.4 10.6 6.6 4.5 3.7 14.2 20.6 19.2 11.3 8.1 5.e 7.5 22.6 7.8 10.0
12.1 6.9 5,2 8.5 14.8 20.3 11.7 6.0 4.6 7.9 14$0 19.6 15.3 9.3 7.8 13.4 23.0 2e.7 9.9 8.3 9.0 2,5 16.0 13.0
8.6 6.8 4.4 7.7 10.2 15,3 8.2 6.0 4.0 7.2 9.6 15.1 11.3 9.4 6.8 12.0 15.8 19,1 9.4 8.4 6.8 2.e le.2
9.9
4,3 4.9 4,4 3.4 4.7 4.5 4.3 5.1 4.4 3.3 4.6 4.5 4.7 4.1 4.3 4.4 5.4 5.2 2.6 7.7 3.1 1.1 1.6 1.1
3.9 5.6 5.1 3.3 3.5 2.8 3.7 5.8 5.1 3.1 3.4 2.6 5.1 4.7 5.1 4.7 5.7 5.2 3.5 9.0 5.7 0.9 1.6 0.9
1.7 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.7 2.7 1.7 0.7 1.2 1.3 1.6 2.7 1.4 0.8 1.2 1.2 2.0 1.8 5.0 1.7 5.1 0.3 5.9 10.9
0.8 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.6 0,9 0.6 0.8 1.2 0.7 1.0 0.4 1.8
0.3 0,3
1.4 0,7
0.7 0,7
1.1 0.7
1.4 0.7
1.5 0.9
2.0 0.5
1.4 0.7
0.7 0,7
1.1 0.7
1.4 0.7
1.6 0.9
1.8 C.5
1.1 0.6
0.5 0.7
1.1 0.8
1.3 1.1
1.4 0.7
1.2 0.8
4,2 0.2
1.8 0.6
0.5 0.5
0.9 0.4
17.9 -
2
Table A. Percent distribution of decedents by relationship to informant, according to sex, race, and ag~ United States, 1988-Con,
Relationship
Husband Father or Son or Brother or Other Non- Staff Don’t
Sex, rata, and age Total or wife mothar daughtar sister re/ative re/ative parson know
Female
All races, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-84 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . White, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years, . . . . 65years and over . . . . Black, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 yeara . . . . 45-84 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-84 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . Other races, 25 years and over. . . . 2544years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . e5-74years . . . . 75-S4years . . . . 85years and over . . . .
Percent distribution
100.0 19.9 46.0 3.0 7.7
100.0 36.2 6.4 32.3 13.0
100.0 45.6 29.6 3.6 8.6
100.0 33.4 36.9 2.0 9.6
100.0 12.8 50.4 1.3 8.0
100.0 1.8 60.5 1.2 4.6
100.0 20.5 46.S 2.5 7.2
100.0 42.1 5.1 30.2 11.4
100.0 50.3 28.0 2.6 7.4
100.0 35.9 37.6 1.9 9.5
100.0 13!0 51.4 1.2 7.9
100.0 1.7 61.5 1.2 4.5
100.0 15.1 39.2 6.6 11.9
100.0 17.9 10.6 39.5 16.2
100.0 25.7 36.5 7.1 14.4
100.0 17.5 44.9 2.6 13.2
100.0 10.1 40.1 2.5 9.2
100.0 2.5 46.3 1.2 7.3
100.0 24.4 46.7 6.6 3.7
100.0 53.4 17.1 10.5
100.0 38.0 25.9 7.0 7.2
100.0 17.1 77.1 1.3 0.7
100.0 14.5 55.0 0.6 2.6
100.0 12.7 53.7 12.7 0.6
15.6 4.7 1.9 0.9
7.0 3.4 1.1 0.7
6.5 3.2 1.4 1.2
9.7 3.6 1.2 1.4
19.3 5.6 1.8 0.7
22.8 5.4 3.0 0.7
15.3 4.6 1.9 0.9
6.2 3.6 0.9 0.6
5.6 3.3 1.3 1.3
9.0 3.6 1.2 1.4
16.3 5.9 1.7 0.7
22.1 5.5 3.1 0.6
20.1 4,2 1.7 0.9
9,1 2.7 1.6 0.5
9.2 3.1 1.2 0.7
15.1 4.2 1.2 1.4
29.7 5,2 2.5 0.7
34.2 5.1 2.1 1.2
10.7 1.3 6.2 0.6
8.1 4.5 1.5 5.0
11.5 10.4
2.0 1.3 0.7
12.8 1.3 13.2
17.1 1.2 1.9
Table B. Percent distribution of informants by whether Informant had ever lived with decedent since 25 years of age and years lived together, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986
Ever rived with decedent since Years Ihred wflh decedent since
25 years of age 25 years of age
Don’t Less than
1-4
5-9 10-19 20 or more Don’tSex, race, and age Total Yes No know Total 1 year yeara yeara years years know
Both sexes
Allraces, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years, . . . . 65yeara and over . . . . White, 25 years and over. . . . 25-14 years . . . . 45-S4 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-84 years . . . . e5 years And over . . . . Black, 25 yeara and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-84 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-84 years, . . . . 85yearsandovar . . . . Other races, 25 years and over. . 25-14 years . . . . 45-64 yeara . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years, . . . . 86 years and over . . . .
Percent distribution Percent distribution
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
71.1 61.8 75.3 75.3 67.9 69.4 71.7 61.9 76.5 76.2 66.2 69.5 66.7 61.2 69.4 66.6 64.7 66.1 69.0 63.2 69.4 64.6 60.3 86.0
27.3 36.9 23.2 23.2 30.2 29.2 26.7 36.6 21 .e 22.2 29.8 29.2 31.8 37.8 29.7 30.2 33.2 31.3 30.6 36.4 30.6 34.3 39.4 12.0
1.6 1.3 1.5 1.6 2.0 1.5 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.6 2.0 1.4 1.4 1.1 o.e 1.0 2.1 2.6 0.4 0.4
1.1 0.3
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
3.4 11.0 3.1 2.4 3.7 2.6 3.1 10.9 2.6 2.2 3.7 2.3 5.5 11.7 5.4 4.4 3.8 5.1 6.6 5.6 10.4 1.2 8.5 7.4
7.5 24.6 6.4 4.8 6.3 9.0 6.9 23.5 5.5 4.4 6.0 8.8 12.2 29.0 11.7 7.1 9.3 12.2 9.8 21.1 5.6 9.5 11.3 6.8
6.0 16.1 5.e 4.8 4.6 6.0 5.7 18.9 5.4 4.5 4.6 5.8 6.9 16.1 e.5 7.0 6.7 10.4 3.3 13.1 1.9 1.7 2.6 1.0
21.1 27.3 1S.5 16.5 22.9 25.6 21.3 29.5 18.3 16.3 23.1 26.0 19.3 19.5 19.2 17.5 21.1 i 9.7 24.0 36.1 26,7 27.1 9.2 23.7
57.9 0.7 63.2 66.5 56.3 54.2 59.2 0.6 65.2 69.5 58.6 54.7 48.0 0.9 52.7 60.6 54.2 46.5 51.6 0.7 50.6 56.8 67.8 60.7
4.1 18.2 2.9 3.2 4.1 2.6 3.6 16.6 3.0 3.2 4.0 2.4 6.1 22.6 2.5 3.1 5.0 6.1 4.7 23.4 4.8 1.7 0.5 0.3
3
Table B. Percent distribution of informants by whether Informant had ever lived with decedent since 25 years of age and years lived together, according to sex, race, and age: United States,
1986-Con.Ever lived with decedentsince Years livedwith decedent since
25years of age 25years of age
Don’t Less than 1-4 5-9 10-19 20 or more
Sex, race,and age Totsl Yes No know
Don’t
Total 1 year years yeara years years know
Male
All races, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 46-64 years . . . . 65-74 yeara . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . White, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . Black, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-84 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . Other races, 25 years and over. . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years...,..
65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . .
Female All races, 25 years and over. ..:
25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . White, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . Black, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 85-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over ,. ...,..
Other races, 25 years and over. . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 yeara . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . .
Percent distribution
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
100.0
100.0100.0
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
73.3 60.7 74.3 77.3 72.3 73,1 74.1 60.1 75.7 78.4 72.9 73.3 67.6 63.0 67.8 69.7 67.5 69.5 66.8 57.4 67.0 64.3 62.3 85.8
68.7 64.2 78.9 72.5 63.6 67.5 69.0 68.2 78.0 73.2 63.7 67.6 65.6 57.2 71.9 67.8 62.2 64.1 72.2 76.1 72.1 65.1 57.0 90.5
25.1 37.9 23.9 21.1 25.8 25.7 24.1 38.4 22.5 20.0 25.2 25.5 31.3 36.0 31.1 29.4 30.8 29.3 32.9 42.0 33.0 35.2 37.3 14.3
29.7 34.6 22,0 26.0 34.5 30.9 29.4 32.5 20.7 25.2 34.3 31.0 32.5 41.5 27.6 31.1 35.3 32.5 27.4 21,9 27,9 33.0 43.0 9.5
1,7 1.3 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.2 1.7 1.5 1.9 1.7 2.0 1.2 1.2 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.7 1.2 0.3 0.6
0.5 0.4
1.6 1.3 1.1 1.5 2,0 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.9 1.5 1.8 1.3 0.6 1.2 2.5 3.4 0.4
—
2.0
—
—
Percent distribution
100.0 100.0 100.0 100!0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0 100.0 100.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
3.3 11.0 3.0 1.8 3.3 2,7 3.0 11.0 2.6 1.7 3.3 2.3 5.4 11.6 5.3 3.0 2.5 8.3 4.6 4.4 5.1
13.3
3.6 10.9 3.2 3.3 4.2 2.5 3.3 10.7 2.6 2.9 4.1 2.3 5.7 12.0 5.5 6.1 5.0 3.2 9.7 7.7 16.1 2.9
— 15.0
6.6 27.3 6.5 3.7 4.4 6.6 5.9 26.4 5.3 3.5 4.1 6.4 12.3 30.2 13.5 6.0 7.0 6.6 12.3 27.0 9.3 2.2 14.0 13.4
8.5 19.2 6.3 6.2 8.3 10.4 8.1 17.4 5.6 5.8 8.0 10.1 12.0 26.2 9.2 6.5 11.6 15.6 6.4 9.8 1.6 19.7 6.5
5.6 18.6 6.2 4.2 4.2 4.8 5.4 19.1 6.0 4.0 4.0 4.4 9.1 17.7 6.2 6.7 6.3 10.7 2.8 12.6 2.2 0.7 0.7 0.7
6.2 17.0 5.1 5.6 5.5 6.7 6.0 18.5 4.4 5.4 5,3 6.5 6.7 12.5 9.0 7.5 7.1 10.2 3.9 14.2 1.6 2.9 6.5 1.4
17.0 24.4 17.8 12.4 16.7 21.8 17.0 26.1 17.9 12.4 16.8 21.6 15.9 16.2 16.7 12.4 16.5 18.2 23.5 34.7 25.1 16.2 3.5 41.4
25.9 33,6 19.6 22.5 29.6 27.6 26.2 36.7 19.1 22.1 30.1 26.3 23.4 22.5 22.7 24.0 25.7 20.6 24.6 36.8 26,5 42.2 19.4 5.6
63.0 0.9 63.2 74,6 67.4 61.8 64.6 0.8 64.9 75.2 67.6 62.9 50.9 1.2 53<3 68.6 63.1 52.1 53.0 1.0 55.4 80.2 67,9 44.6
52.0 0.2 63.3 59.4 48,3 50.1 52.9 0.3 65.8 60.7 48,5 50.3 44.5 0.2 51.9 51.2 45.3 43.1 49.7
45.5 29.4 67.7 77.3
444 17.8 3.3 3.3 4.0 2.4 4.1 16.7 3.3 3.3 4.0 2.3 6.3 21.2 3.1 3.3 4.6 4.1 3.9 20.2 2.9 0.7 0.7
3.8 19.0 2,4 3,0 4.2 2.8 3.6 16.5 2.5 3.1 4,1 2,5 6.8 26.6 1.8 2.7 5.4 7.3 5.6 29,5 6.6 2,9
0.7
Table C, Number and percent distribution of decedents by sex, race, and age: United States, 1986
All All
Race and age decedents Male Female decedents Male Female
All races
Alleges . . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years .,, . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 yeara . . . . 65years and over . . . .
White
Alleges . . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74yeara . . . . 76-84years . . . . 65years Andover . . . .
Black
All eges . . . . 25-44years. . . . 45-64years. . . . 65-74years . . . . 75-64years . . . . 85years Andover . . . .
Other races
Alleges . . . . 25-44years . . . . 45-64years . . . . 65-74years . . . . 75-64years. ,, . . . . 85yearaand over. . . .
Number
1
1
,966,869 1,029,746 957,121
125,691 87,296 38,395
390,308 242,233 148,075
480,025 279,723 200,302
566,614 279,388 289,226
422,231 141,108 261,123
,739,773 695,165 844,568
93,125 65,061 28,044
322,220 201,917 120,303
420,933 247,073 173,860
513,622 252,554 261,068
389,673 126,560 261,313
226,003 123,294 104,710
29,945 20,331 9,614
63,758 37,933 25,765
55,072 30,283 24,789
50,744 24,325 26,419
28,465 10,362 18,123
19,093 11,271 7,623
2,622 1,664 737
4,331 2,324 2,007
4,018 2,366 1,652
4,249 2,510 1,739
3,875 2,167 1,668
Percent distribution
100.0 100.0 100.0
6.3 8.5 4.0
19.6 23.5 15.5
24.2 27.2 20.9
26.6 27.1 30.2
21.3 13.7 29.4
100.0 100.0 100.0
5.4 7.3 3.3
16.5 22.6 14.2
24.2 27.6 20.6
29.5 26.2 30.9
22.4 14.4 30.9
100.0 100.0 100.0
13.1 16.5 9.2
26.0 30.8 24.6
24.2 24.6 23.7
22.3 19.7 25.2
12.5 8.4 17.3
100.0
100.0 100.013.7 16.7 9.4
22.7 20.6 25.7
21.0 21.0 21.1
22.3 22.3 22.2
20.3 19.3 21.6
5
Highlights
Care in the last year of life
Comparisons presented by race, sex, and age are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. These highlights and comparisons show the following
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6
About one-fourth (28.8 percent) of the decedents had ever been in a nursing home. For women the percent was 37.7 compared with 20.6 percent for men; for white per- sons it was 30.5, and for black persons it was 16.7.
One-half of the decedents (49.2 percent) had stayed in a nursing home less than 1 year during their lifetime;
16.3 percent had stayed 5 years or more.
Some institutional care in the last year of life – in a hospital or nursing home – was required for 81.1 per- cent of the decedents.
The length of hospital stay in the last year was most commonly between 1 week and 1 month (44.1 per- cent); 16.1 percent of the decedents stayed less than a week.
In nursing homes, the most common (50.0 percent) length of stay in the last year was between 6 months and 1 year.
More than one-half of decedents admitted to a nursing home in the last year of life were widowed (57.3 percent); for women it was 72.6 percent and for men 31.0 percent.
Hospice care at home had been received by 8.7 per- cent of the decedents. Fewer than one-half of 1 per- cent of decedents had received resident hospice care.
One-eighth of the decedents (12.1 percent) had not seen a physician in the last year of life; 34.3 percent had seen a physician between 2 and 9 times; 7.8 per- cent had 50 encounters or more.
Consultation with a psychiatrist during the last year was reported for 4.7 percent.
Only 5.8 percent of the decedents were reported as having been on a waiting list for a nursing home;
51.9 percent of these were later admitted.
Of all decedents, 72.9 percent were covered by Medi- care; for those age 65 and over, it was 92.3 percent.
Out-of-pocket expenditures for medical care in the last year totaled less than $200 for 22.5 percent of the decedents; for 10.9 percent, it was between $200 and
$499; for 11.0 percent, between $500 and $999, and for 10.2 percent, between $1,000 and $1,999. The expendi- ture was $15,000 or more for 5.6 percent,
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●
The need for help with activities of daily living showed consistent patterns: it was higher for women (most of whom lived to older ages), and it was lower for black persons (fewer of whom lived to older ages).
Help with walking in the last year was needed by one-half of the decedents (49.9 percent); help with eating was needed by 34.4 percent, with bathing by 55.1 percent, with dressing by 48,5 percent, and with using the toilet by 48,3 percent.
Help at home with the above activities was needed by 43.5 percent of decedents during the last year of life, Help at home was given most often by the decedent’s spouse (43.6 percent); next most often, by a daughter (35.3 percent); then by a visiting nurse (29.0 percent);
and then by a son (21.4 percent),
Nearly 1 in 10 decedents (9.7 percent) had trouble all of the time during the last year of life in knowing what year it was, and 11.2 percent had difficulty some of the time; 8.0 percent had trouble aU of the time in under- standing where they were; 5.8 percent had trouble in knowing family members all of the time and 10,4 per- cent, some of the time,
A living will had been completed by 8.9 percent of the decedents,
Few decedents (1.6 percent) had a very difficult time during the last year of life in finding a nursing home or in getting care at home (2.7 percent),
For 7,3 percent of decedents, paying medical bilk was a somewhat serious problem; it was a very serious problem for 4.9 percent.
Lifestyle and health
●
c
●
Nearly one-half (44.9 percent) of decedents had had high blood pressure; it was first noticed within 2 years before death for 7.6 percent of decedents, between 2 and 5 years before death for 17.9 percent, between 5 and 10 years before death for 17.4 percent, and more than 10 years before death for 38.8 percent.
A doctor had prescribed medication for 90.2 percent of those who had high blood pressure; 9.8 percent of these failed to take the medication regularly or took it hardly at all.
A heart attack at some time during the lifetime was
reported for 29.2 percent of decedents; the first heart
attack occurred on the last day of life for 4,2 percent,
●
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●
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●
within the last 2 weeks for 11.1 percent; and 5 or more years before death for 39.7 percent.
A stroke was reported for 25.5 percent of decedents.
The incidence of Alzheirner’s disease, chronic brain syndrome, dementia, senility, or any other serious memory impairment was 11.2 percent. The duration was less than 6 months for 13.3 percent of decedents, between 1 and 2 years for 14.6 percent, and 5 years or longer for 25.4 percent.
Other mental, nervous, or emotional health problems were reported for 11.5 percent of decedents.
Diabetes was involved for 17.2 percent of decedents.
The informant reported that cancer was the main cause of death for 25.7 percent of decedents. The death certificate reported cancer as the underlying cause for 22.5 percent.
The occurrence of any cancer except skin cancer was reported for 31.7 percent of decedents.
Cirrhosis of the liver was reported by 3,7 percent of informants; it was the underlying cause of death on
1.2 percent of the death certificates.
Death occurred in a hospital (not in an ‘emergency room) for 45.1 percent of those who died; 20,4 percent died at home, 17.4 percent died in a nursing home, and S,3 percent died in an emergency room.
Only 3.4 percent of female decedents had taken birth control pills. (Most of the women in the survey were elderly and were in their childbearing years at a time when birth control pills were not available or used much less commonly than today.)
A report of a hysterectomy was made for 27.3 percent of the women who died.
Red meat was eaten every day by 29.1 percent of the decedents it was eaten 3 to 6 times a week by 41.1 percent and 3 times a month or less for 5.6 percent.
Smoking at least 100 cigarettes in an entire lifetime is a threshold indicator, and 55.6 percent of decedents had done so, Of those dying at relatively young ages, 45-64 years, 76.0 percent had been smokers compared with 25.S percent of those dying at 85 years and over.
Drinking at least 12 alcoholic drinks is a threshold indicator, and 71.9 percent had done so. A higher percentage of those who died at younger ages had had 12 drinks or more. At ages 2544 years, S4.5 percent reported drinking and at 45-64 years it was 82.6 percent.
In contrast, at S5 years and over it was 5S.9 percent.
●
Exercising vigorously at least 3 times a week for at least 20 minutes each time is a measure of cardiopul- monary exercise. Only 16.9 percent of decedents had done so very regularly, 12.6 percent had done so not very regularly, and 66.4 percent, hardly at all or never.
Socioeconomic characteristics
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Q
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A total of S6,2 percent of decedents were reported as having worked (94.7 percent of men and 77.1 percent of women).
A total of 13.1 percent of the decedents worked up to the time of death (17.7 percent of men and 7.0 percent of women).
The reason for stopping work was reported as normal retirement for 46.9 percent and poor health or disabil- ity for 2S.4 percent of decedents.
The decedent had last worked 25 years or more before death in 16,2 percent of cases, 10 to 15 years before death in 16.0 percent, 1 to 5 years before death in 13.4 percent, and 15 to 20 years before death in 11.5 percent,
Family income in the year before death was reported as less than $5,000 for 17.2 percent of the decedents and between $5,000 and $S,999 for 17.0 percent; at the high end, it was $25,000 or more for 14.S percent.
Overall, 27.2 percent of the decedents lived alone; for women it was 35.9 percent and for men, 19.1 percent.
At ages 85 years and over, 39.6 percent lived alone.
Educational attainment was at the elementary school level for 32.5 percent of the decedents, the high school level for 42.1 percent, and the college level for 17.7 per- cent, (When the older decedents were of school age, educational achievement was not as well advanced as in more recent years.)
Of all decedents, 44.9 percent were married at the time of death, 35.4 percent were widowed, 7.7 percent were divorced, and 8.1 percent were never married, Of the one-half of all decedents who were age 75 years or over, 54.9 percent were widowed.
Only 4.9 percent of decedents had been married for 10 years or less; 50.8 percent had been married for 40 years or more.
There had been only one marriage for 71.S percent of the decedents; there had been two or more marriages for 23.5 percent.
7
References
1. Kapantais G, Powell-Griner E. Characteristics of persons dying of diseases of heart. Preliminary data from the 1986 National Mortality Followback Survey. Advance data from vital and health statistics; no 172, Hyattsville, Maryland:
National Center for Health Statistics. 1989.
2. Kapantais G, Powell-Griner E. Characteristics of persons dying from AIDS: Preliminary data from the 1986 National Mortality Followback Survey. Advance data from vital and health statistics; no 173. Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for Health Statistics. 1989.
3. Centers for Disease Control. National Mortality Followback Survey Characteristics of persons who died from diseases of the heart, United States, 1986. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 38(34):597-600.
4. Poe GS, Seeman I, McLaughlin J, et al. ‘‘Don’t know”
boxes in factual questions in a mail questionnaire: effects on level and quality of response. Public Opin Q 52(2):212-22.
1988.
5. Poe GS, Seeman I, McLaughlin J, et al, Certified versus first-class mail in a mixed-mode survey of next-of-kin respon- dents. J Official Stat 6(2):157-64. 1990.
6. Seeman I, Poe GS, McLaughlin JK. Design of the 1986 National Mortality Followback Survey Considerations on collecting data on decedents. Public Health Rep 104(2):183-8.
1989.
7. Sutton GF. Hospitalization in the last year of life, United States, 1961. National Center for Health Statistics, Vital Health Stat 22(l), 1965.
8, Wunderlich GS, Sutton GF. Episodes and duration of hospitalization in the last year of life, United States, 1961.
National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 22(2). 1966.
9, Mathis ES. Socioeconomic characteristics of deceased per- sons, United States, 1962-63 deaths. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 22(9). 1969.
10. Timmer EJ. Health insurance coverage of adults who died in 1964 or 1965, United States, National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 22(10). 1969,
11. Timmer EJ, Kovar MG, Expenses for hospital and institu- tional care during the last year of life for adults who died in 1964 or 1965, United States. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 22(11). 1971.
12, Enstrom JE, Godley FH. Cancer mortality among a repre- sentative sample of nonsmokers in the United States during 1966-68. JNCI 65:1175-83.1980.
13. Godley FH. Cigarette smoking and differential mortality
new estimates from representative national samples. Paper
presented at the Population Association of America meet-
ing, April 17-19, Seattle. 1975,
List of detailed tables
Care in the last year of life
1.
2.
? . .
4,
5.
6.
7.
&
9.
10.
11.
Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent was ever admitted to a nursing home and time spent in nursing home(s), according to sex, mce,andage: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent was an overnight hospital patient or nursing home resident during last year of life, accord- ing to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent was admitted to a health care facil- ity or other institution during last year of life and duration of stay, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents admit- ted to ahospital during last year oflifeby length of stay, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6. . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents who stayed in a nursing home during last year of life by length of stay, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent was admitted to a nursing home during last year of life, according to cause of death:
United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents admit- ted to a nursing home during last year of life by marital status, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent received hospice care at home dur- ing last year of life, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by number of times decedent saw a medical doctor during last year of life, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent saw a psychiatrist, psychologist, or any other mental health professional during last year of life, according tosex, race, and age: United States, 19S6. . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent was on a waiting list for nursing home care during last year of life and whether care was received, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . .
12
15
17
19
22
25
26
29
31
34
36
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent was covered by Medicare, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6. . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by amount of decedent’s own money paid for medical care during last year of life, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by amount of decedent’s own money paid for medical care during last year of life, according to source paying most for health care during last year of life: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent received help or used special equip- ment in walking during last year of life, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents receiv- ing help or using special equipment in waking by length of time decedent received help, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent received help or used special equip- ment in eating during Iast year of Iife, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents receiv- ing help or using special equipment in eating by length of time decedent received help, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6. . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent received help or used special equip- ment in bathing during last year of life, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents receiv- ing help in bathing by length of time decedent received help, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent received help or used special equip- ment in dressing during last year of life, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents receiv- ing help or using special equipment in dressing by length of time decedent received help, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent received help or used special equip- ment in using the toilet during last year of life, according to sex, race, and age United States, 1986. . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents receiv- ing help or using special equipment in using the toilet
39
41
45
46
4s
52
54
5s
60
64
66
70
9
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
by length of time decedent received help, according to sex, race, andage: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent received help at home in walking, eating, bathing, dressing, or using the toilet during last year of life, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent received help at home in taking medicines or pills, administering injections, orchang- ing bandages, or in other nursing care, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether another person provided help at home during last year of life, according to relationship to decedent:
United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by frequencyoftrouble inunderstandingwhere heorshe wasduring lastyear oflife, according tosex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by frequency of trouble in remembering what year it was during last year of life, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by frequency of trouble in recognizing family members or friends during last year of life, according to sex, race, andage: United States, 1986... . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent siemed a living will, according to sex, race, andage: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent had trouble in finding or gaining admission to a nursing home during last 3 years of life, according tosex, race, andage: United States, 1986. . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent had trouble in getting help for care at home during last year of life, according to sex, race, andage: United States, 1986... . . . . Number and ~ercent distribution of decedents bv whether deced&t had trouble in paying medical bilk during last year of life, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 1986 . . . .
Lifestyle and health
35.
36.
37.
38.
10
Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever had high blood pressure, ac- cording tosex, race, andage: United States, 1986 . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents having high blood pressure by length of time before death it was first noticed, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether a doctor ever prescribed medicine for high blood pressure, according to sex, race, and agti United States, 1986 . . . , Number and percent distribution ofdecedents having high blood pressure by regularity with which decedent took medicine prescribed for it, according to sex, race, andage: United States, 1986 . . . .
72
76
78
79
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
100
102
39, Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever had a heart attack, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . , 40. Number and percent distribution of decedents who had a heart attack by length of time before death of a first heart attack, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 1986 . . . . 41. Number and percent distribution of decedents bv
42.
43,
44,
45.
46,
47.
48,
49,
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
whether decedi%t ever had angina pectoris, accordin~
to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986, . . . , , . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever had a stroke, according to sex, race, andage: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever was diagnosed by a physician as having Alzheimer’s disease, chronic brain syn- drome, dementia, seniIity, oranyother serious mem- ory impairment, according to sex, race, and age United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents having Alzheimer’s disease by length of time before death it was diagnosed, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986, . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever had any other mental, nervous, or emotional health problem, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986.. . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever had diabetes, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether cancer was the main condition leading to death, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . , . . ! . . . ,. . . , , . ., , . . , . . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents for whom cancer was the main condition leading to death by length of time before death cancer was first noticed, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever had cancer other than skin cancer, according tosex, race, andage: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever had asthma, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever had any lung condition other than asthma, such as emphysema or bronchitis lasting 3 months or longer, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 1986 . ..!.... . . . 0, ..,.,. . . . Number and percent distribution of decedentsby whether decedent ever had cirrhosis of the liver, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by place of death, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution offemale decedents by whether decedent ever took birth control pills, according toraceand age: United States, 1986 .,, ,.
104
106
110
112
114
116
119
121
123
125
129
131
133
135
137
140
55.
56.
57.
5s.
59.
60.
61.
62,
63.
64.
65.
66$
67.
68,
Number and percent distribution of female decedents by whether decedent ever had a hysterectomy, accord- ing to race and age: United States, 1986. ., . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever had an operation to be steril- ized, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by frequency with which decedent ate red meat, accord- ing to sex, race, andage: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent smoked at least 100 cigarettes, ac- cording to sex, race, andage: United States, 1986 . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by length of time decedent smoked cigarettes regu- larly, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 ... . . . . Number andpercent distribution ofdecedent smokers by number of cigarettes usually smoked per day during period decedent smoked most, according to sex, race, andage: United States, 1986.... . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent stopped smoking and did not start again, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents who stopped smoking and did not start again by length of time be fore death decedent stopped smoking, accord- ing to sex, race, andage: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever regularly used chewing tobacco, according tosex, race, andage: United States, 1986. . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent ever regularly used snuff, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent had at least 12 alcoholic drinks during adult life, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 19S6 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by frequency with which decedent drank any alcoholic beverage during adult life, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by average number of alcoholic drinks consumed on the days he or she drank, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by regulari~ with which decedent exercised vigorously at least3 times aweek for at least 20minutes over the
140
141
143
146
148
152
155
157
160
162
164
166
169
last 10 years of life, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 1986 . . . .
Socioeconomic characteristics
69. Number and Dercent distribution of decedents bv
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
whether dece~ent ever worked at a paying job o;
business full or part time, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986.,,,. . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent was employed at a paying job or business until death, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents who stopped working by reason for doing so, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedentsby length of time before death decedent last worked, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by family income in the year before death, according to family size: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent was ever on active duty status in the U.S. armed forces, according to sex, race, and age:
United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by living arrangement at time of death, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by highest school grade completed, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986... . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by maritaI status at time of death, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986..,, . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by Iength of time before death spouse died, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by length of time decedent was married, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by number of persons decedent was ever married to, according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986 . . . . Number and percent distribution of decedents by highest school grade decedent’s spouse completed, according to sex, race, and age; United States, 1986 . . . .
172
174
176
178
181
184
185
187
189
191
194
198
202
205
11
Table 1. Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent was ever admitted to a nursing home and time spent in nursing home(s), according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986
Ever admitted to a nursing home Time spent in nursing home(s) Less 3 months 1 year to
Don’t than 3 to less than less than
Sex, race, and age
5 years
Total Yes No
Don’t
know Total months 1 year 5 years or more know
Both sexes
All races, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65–74years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years And over . . . . White, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85yearsand over . . . . Black, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 65 years and over . . . . Other races, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years And over . . . .
Mele
All races, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-84 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-84 years . . . . 85years And over . . . . White, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65–74years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years And over . . . . Black, 25 years and over. . . . 2544years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-34 years . . . . 85years And over . . . . Other racea, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-84 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years And over . . . .
Female
All races, 25 years and over. . . . 2544years . . . . 45-64 years...,..
65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years And over . . . .
1,986,869 125,690 390,308 4eo,025 568,614 422,232 1,739,772 93,124 322,220 420,933 513,622 389,873 228,004 29,945 63,758 55,073 50,744 28,485 19,092 2,621 4,330 4,019 4,246 3,874
1,029,747 87,297 242,233 279,722 279,387 141,108 895,184 65,081 201,917 247,073 252,553 128,560 123,296 20,332 37,993 30,283 24,325 10,363 11,271 1,884 2,324 2,367 2,509 2,187
957,122 38,395 148,075 200,302 289,226 261,124
572,023 4,132 29,129 80,603 203,058 255,101 530,614 3,184 24,485 70,687 189,880 242,428 38,175 904 4,576 9,611 11,719 11,366 3,233 44 118 306 1,458 1,307
211,895 2,413 15,645 40,926 63,240 69,469 194,073 1,759 13,262 35,977 77,719 65,356 15,995 610 2,316 4,896 4,942 3,231 1,630 44 6a 56 579 883
360,328 1,720 13,484 39,675 119,617 165,632
1,400,960 120,305 357,911 397,289 360,805 164,670 1,197,179 89,071 294,932 346,562 319,401 145,213 188,043 26,690 56,813 45,035 38,615 16,890 15,759 2,544 4,167 3,692 2,790 2,567
809,719 83,922 224,012 237,673 193,179 70,933
62,569 166,410 210,240 172,157 62,617 106,130 19,524 35,369 25,133 19,092 7,012 9,596 1,829 2,233 2,300 1,930 1,304
591,261 36,363 133,699 159,616 167,626 93,737
13,866 1,253 3,266 2,133 4,751 2,461 11,979 869 2,853 1,664 4,341 2,232 1,766 351 369 427 410 229 100 33 46 22
—
6,333 962 2,576 1,121 2,968 706 7,116 753 2,245 856 2,677 567 1,171 196 306 254 291 120 45 11 23 11
5,533 292 692 1,011 1,783 1,755
565,886 5,366 32,397 62,736 207,608 257,561 542,594 4,053 27,269 72,372 194,222 244,660 39,961 1,256 4,945 10,038 12,129 11,594 3,333 77 164 326 1,459 1,307
220,028 3,374 18,223 42,050 86,209 70,177 201,190 2,511 15,506 38,633 80,396 65,942 17,164 608 2,624 5,150 5,232 3,349 1,674 55 91 66 579 683
365,860 2,012 14,175 40,666 121,600 167,367
Number 168,706
1,703 11,669 35,556 66,296 51,262 154,789 i,144 9,780 31,967 64,101 47,797 12,621 537 2,025 3,545 3,688 2,626 1,097 22 64 44 306 659
74,987 1,048 6,636 19,634 31,170 16,499 68,632 698 5,502 18,012 29,545 14,675 5,604 326 1,100 1,590 1,570 1,017 751 22 34 33 55 607
93,719 655 5,233 15,921 37,128 34,764
119,304 821 7,727 19,108 45,306 46,340 110,158 751 8,716 16,450 42,387 43,855 8,266 59 976 2,637 2,406 2,166 676 11 33 22 516 297
50,769 473 4,349 9,845 19,231 16,672 46,413 414 3,646 8,128 17,791 16,233 4,236 46 479 1,717 1,395 596 116 11 23
44 40
68,535 346 3,378 9,263 26,077 29,469
177,653 573 5,245 16,415 81,584 93,836 165,666 465 4,156 13,669 57,672 89,705 11,141 97 1,066 2,518 3,421 4,038 645 11 21 229 491 93
59,567 320 2,906 7,296 24,204 24,659 55,185 212 2,346 6,206 22,547 23,671 3,903 97 548 1,081 1,221 957 499 11 11 11 436 30
118,066 253 2,336 9,118 37,380 68,977
95,394 674 3,910 7,366 23,981 59,463 90,352 548 3,465 6,706 22,402 57,231 4,629 126 445 669 1,415 1,974 413
11 144 256
21,765 301 1,606 2,956 6,956 9,947 19,843 212 1,477 2,563 6,366 9,203 1,661 89 129 381 523 538 281
11 44 208
73,629 373 2,304 4,430 17,006 49,516
24,631 1,615 3,646 4,271 6,659 6,640 21,629 1,145 3,172 3,580 7,680 6,072 3,102 437 429 669 999 568 100 33 46 22
12,920 1,232 2,724 2,317 4,646 2,000 11,117 975 2,333 1,924 4,125 1,760 1,756 246 366 3al 523 239 45 11 23 11
11,911 363 922 1,954 4,011 4,641
12
Table 1. Number and percent distribution of decedents by whether decedent was ever admitted to a nursing home and time spent in nursing home(s), according to sex, race, and age: United States, 1986-Con.
Ever admifted to a nursing home 17me spent in nursing home(s)
Less 3 months
1
year toDon ‘t than 3 to /ess than
Sex, race, and age Total
less than 5 years
Yes No
Don’t
know Total months 1 year 5 years or more know
Female – Con.
White, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-84 years . . . . 85years And over . . . . Black, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years, . . . . 45-64 yeara . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years and over . . . . Other races, 25 years and over. . . . 2.5-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-84 years . . . . 85yearsand over . . . .
Both sexes
All racea, 25 yeara and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-84 years . . . . 65–74years . . . . 75-84 y8ars, . . . . 65yeara And over . . . . White, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-f34yeare . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85years And over . . . . Black, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 yeara . . . . 75-84 years . . . . 65years and over . . . . Other races, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 yeara . . . . 45-64 yeara . . . . 65–74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 65 years And over . . . .
Male
All races, 25 years and over. . . . 25-44 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 yeara, . . . . 75-64 years, . . . . 85years and over . . . . White, 25 years and over. . . . 25+14 years . . . . 45-64 years . . . . 65-74 years . . . . 75-64 years . . . . 85yeara And over . . . .
644,591 26,044 120,303 173,861 261,069 261,314 104,711 9,614 25,765 24,790 26,419 16,123 7,622 737 2,007 1,652 1,739 1,667
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
336,544 1,426 11,174 34,710 112,161 177,073 22,181 294 2,260 4,715 6,777 6,135 1,603
50 250 679 424
26.8 3.3 7.5 16.6 35.7 60.4 30.5 3.4 7.6 16.8 37.0 62.2 16.7 3.0 7.2 17.6 23.1 39.9 16.9 1.7 2.7 7.6 34.3 33.7
20.6 2.6 6.5 14.6 29.8 49,2 21.7 2.7 6.6 14.6 30.6 50.8
503,166
108,521 136,323 147,244 62,596 81,913 9,166 23,444
19,523 9,678 6,163 715 1,934 1,391 660 1,263
70.5 95.7 91.7 62.6 63.5 39.0 66.8 95.7 91.5 82.8 62.2 37.3 62.5 95.6 92.2 81.6 76.1 59.3 62.5 97.1 96.2 91.9 65.7 66.3
4,661 116 606 826 1,664 1,645 617 154 61 173 119 110 56 22 23 11
—
0.7 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.7 0,9 0!9 0.4 0.9 0.6 0.8 1,2 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.5 1.3 1.1 0.5
76.6 0.6
96.1 1.1
92.5 1.1
85.0 0.4
69.1 1.1
50.3 0.5
77.5 0.6
96.1 1.2
92.3 1.1
65.1 0.4
68.2 1.1
48.7 0.5
341,403 86,157
1,542 446
11,782 4,278
35,536 13,956
113,624 34,555
176,718 32,922
22,796 7,216
446 209
2,321 925
4,666 1,955
6,696 2,319
6,245 1,809
1,659 346
22
73 30
261 11
679 252
424 52
Percent distribution
100.0 26.8
100.0 31.6
100.0 36.6
100.0 43.0
100.0 32,9
100.0 19.9
100.0 28.5
100.0 26.2
100.0 35.6
100.0 44.2
100.0 33.0
100.0 19.5
100.0 32.1
100.0 42.8
100.0 41.0
100.0 35.3
100.0 32.1
100.0 24.4
100.0 32.9
100.0 26.6
100.0 39.0
100.0 13.5
100.0 21.1
100.0 50.4
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
100.0
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
34.1 31.1 36.4 46,7 36.2 23.5 34.1 27.6 35.5 48.9 36.6 22.6
63,745 337 2,870 6,321 24,595 27,622 4,030 11 499 920 1,011 1,590 760
10 22 471 257
20.4 15.3 23.9 23.1 21.6 18,0 20.3 16.5 24.6 22.7 21.6 17.9 20.7 4.7 19.8 26.3 19.8 16.9 26.3 14.3 20.1 6.6 35.4 22.7
23.1 14.0 23.9 23.4 22.3 24.0 23.1 16.5 24.6 22.1 22.1 24.6
110,461 253 1,807 7,463 35,125 65,634 7,236
520 1,436 2,200 3,061 346
— 10 218 56 63
30.3 10.6 16.2 19.8 29.6 36.4 30,5 11.5 15.2 18.9 29.7 36.7 27.9 7.7 21.6 25.1 26.2 34.8 25.4 14.3 13.1 69.9 33.7 7.1
27.1 9.5 16.0 17.4 28.1 35.4 27.4 8.4 15.1 16.9 28.0 36.2
70,506 336 1,988 4,142 16,014 46,026 2,968 37 316 286 892 1,436 152
100 52
16.3 12.5 12.1 6.9 11.5 23.1 16.7 13.5 12.7 9.3 11.5 23.4 11.6 10.0 9.0 6.7 11.7 17.0 12.4
3.4 9.9 19.7
10,512 170 839 1,656 3,535 4,312 1,344 191 61 266 476 329 55 22 23 11
4.2 30.0 11.3 5.2 4.2 2.6 4.0 28.3 11.6 5.0 3.9 2.5 7.6 34.6 6.7 6.7 6.2 4.9 3.0 42.8 27.6 6.7
—
9.9 5.9
6.9 36.5
8.6 15.0
7.0 5.5
8.1 5.4
14.2 2.9
9.9 5.5
6.4 38.6
9.5 15.0
7.0 5.2
6.0 5.1
14.0 2.7
13
