Cable Modem Termination System
C4 CMTS
User Documentation
Documentation Set
Release 4.2, Standard
July 2005
Copyright and Trademark Information
Cadant® C4™ G2 IMS™ FlexCAM™
ARRIS® and Arris International are trademarks of ARRIS International, Inc. Cadant C4 CMTS is a registered trademark of ARRIS International, Inc. All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
Every attempt has been made to capitalize and spell correctly the trademarked and service marked terms used in this manual. ARRIS does not attest to the accuracy of these terms and their usage. Any misspelling or misuse of a term should not be construed as affecting the validity of its trademark or service mark.
All information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. ARRIS reserves the right to make changes to equipment design or program components, as progress in engineering, manufacturing methods, or other circumstances may warrant.
The G2 IMS™ product contains copyright material licensed from AdventNet, Inc.
http://www.adventnet.com.
All rights to such copyrighted material rest with AdventNet.
The ARRIS Cadant® C4™ Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS) has been qualified by CableLabs® for DOCSIS®1.1 and by tComLabs for Euro-DOCSIS 1.1.
In June, 2004, CableLabs® announced that the C4 CMTS qualified for DOCSIS® 2.0.
PacketCable™ is a trademark of Cable Television Laboratories, Inc.
Broadcom® is a registered trademark of the Broadcom Corporation, http://broadcom.com.
Patent Information
The ARRIS Cadant® C4™ Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS) is protected by U.S. and international patents including:
6,457,978 6,662,368 6,449,249 6,636,482 6,637,033
Additional ARRIS International, Inc. patents pending:
the Software (the "Software Warranty Period), the Software will perform in substantial
conformance with the technical specifications for such Software set forth in the Documentation. Purchaser's sole and exclusive remedy, and ARRIS's sole and exclusive liability under this Section I (Software Warranty) shall be, at ARRIS's option: (i) to use commercially reasonable efforts to correct any reproducible errors identified by Purchaser in writing during the Software Warranty Period which renders the Software non-conforming, (ii) to replace the Software with functionally equivalent Software or (iii) to accept return of the Software from Purchaser, if applicable. ARRlS makes no warranty that the Software will work in combination with any hardware or application software products provided by third parties, that the operation of the Software will be
uninterrupted or error free, or that all defects in the Software can be corrected. ARRIS shall not have any obligation or liability with respect to this Section I (Software Warranty) for any errors or any defects in the Software upon expiration of the Software Warranty Period.
2. HARDWARE WARRANTY
ARRIS warrants to Purchaser that under normal use and service, for a period of twelve (12) months from the purchase date of the Hardware (the "Hardware Warranty Period"), such Hardware will be free from defects in materials and workmanship. Purchaser's sole and exclusive remedy and ARRIS's sole and exclusive liability under this Section 2 (Hardware Warranty) shall be, at ARRIS's option: (i) to use commercially reasonable efforts to correct any reproducible Hardware errors identified by Purchaser in writing during the Hardware Warranty Period which renders the Hardware non-conforming, (ii) to replace the Hardware or (iii) accept return of the Hardware from Purchaser. ARRIS shall not be responsible for any of Purchaser's or third party software, firmware, information or memory data contained in, stored on, or integrated with any Hardware Products returned to ARRIS pursuant to any Warranty provided under this Agreement.
3. OBTAINING WARRANTY SERVICE
To make a return under the Warranty above, the Purchaser must notify the ARRIS in writing by obtaining an ARRIS Return Material Authorization number (RMA) within the relevant Warranty Period. The authorized RMA number the Purchaser receives from ARRIS must be marked on the outside package and sent prepaid and packaged appropriately for safe shipment. ARRIS will use commercially reasonable efforts to ship any repaired or replaced Product will be shipped to Purchaser, at ARRIS' expense, not later than thirty (30) days after ARRIS receives the defective Product. Any repaired or replaced Hardware or Software shall be warranted for the remainder of the unexpired applicable Warranty Period. Notwithstanding the above, if any return is due to errors or defects for which ARRIS is not responsible or otherwise not covered by the Warranty, Purchaser shall be liable for and reimburse ARRIS for shipping and related expenses.
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EXCEPT AS MAY BE AGREED TO IN A SEPARATE WRITING BETWEEN THE PARTIES, THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO HARDWARE OR SOFTWARE DELIVERED TO PURCHASER HEREUNDER, WHETHER STATUTORY, BY OPERATION OF LAW, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON- INFRINGEMENT, TITLE AND ANY WARRANTIES ARISING OUT OF USAGE OR TRADE. THIS WARRANTY IS APPLICABLE SOLELY TO PURCHASER NAMED IN THE PREAMBLE HERETO AND NOT TO ANY SUCCESSOR IN INTEREST THEREOF OR ANY OTHER THIRD PARTY ON THE DATE HEREOF. NO WAIVER, ALTERATION, OR MODIFICATION OF THIS WARRANTY SHALL BE BINDING AGAINST THE ARRIS
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ARRIS shall be relieved of all obligations and liability under the Warranty provisions set forth herein, if:
a The Hardware or Software is operated with, or the error or defect is due to, any accessory, equipment, software or part not approved by ARRIS;
b The Hardware or Software shall not have been installed, operated and maintained in accordance with ARRlS's instructions and Documentation;
c The Hardware or Software has been repaired, altered or modified by someone other than ARRlS; d Purchaser does not notify ARRlS in writing of the error or defect within the applicable Warranty Period with sufficient information for ARRIS to identify and reproduce such error or defect or fails to return the defective Hardware or Software in accordance with the terms of this Agreement; or e ARRIS can demonstrate that the alleged error or defect in the Software or Hardware does not exist or was caused by Purchaser's or any third party's misuse, neglect, improper installation or testing, or negligent repair or any other cause beyond the range of the intended use, or by accident, fire, lightening or other hazard or act of God.
THE LIMITED WARRANTY, LIMITED REMEDIES, WARRANTY DISCLAIMER AND LIMITED
LIABILITY ARE FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS OF THE BASIS OF THE BARGAIN BETWEEN ARRIS AND CUSTOMER. ARRIS WOULD NOT BE ABLE TO PROVIDE THE PRODUCT WITHOUT SUCH
LIMITATIONS.
Cadant® C4™ CMTS - Software License Agreement
EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THE WRITTEN SIGNED AGREEMENT ENTERED INTO BY ARRIS INTERNATIONAL, INC. ("ARRIS") AND PURCHASER ("PURCHASER"), USE OF THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED BY ARRIS IS SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING TERMS ("License Agreement"). IF PURCHASER DOES NOT AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT, RETURN THE SOFTWARE AND ALL ENCLOSED DOCUMENTS OR MATERIALS TO ARRIS
INTERNATIONAL, INC. FOR A FULL REFUND. USE OF THE SOFTWARE CONSTITUTES ACCEPTANCE OF THE TERMS HEREOF.
1. LICENSE TERMS
Subject to the terms of this License Agreement, ARRIS International, Inc. (“ARRIS”) grants to Purchaser a perpetual, royalty-free, non-exclusive, non-transferable (except as set forth in Section 9.2) non-sub-licensable right and license to use the Cadant® C4™ CMTS Software (the
“Software”) in connection with the Cadant family of products (the “System”), in binary object code form only. Purchaser may use any third party software products or modules supplied by ARRIS solely with the Software, unless the licensing terms of the third party software products or modules specify otherwise. Purchaser may not disclose the results of Software performance benchmarks to any third party without ARRIS' prior written consent. Purchasers are forbidden from offering the Software for resale under the terms of this Section. All rights not specifically granted to Purchaser herein are retained by ARRIS.
2. RESTRICTIONS
Purchaser shall not, and shall not authorize any third party to; (i) make any copies of the Software, (ii) modify, decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer or otherwise attempt to derive any source code from the Software; (iii) transfer the Software to any third party without the prior written consent of ARRIS; (iv) export the Software or any of its underlying technology in
contravention of applicable US and foreign export laws and regulations or (v) use the Software other than in connection with the System.
fee to ARRIS.
4. LIMITATIONS ON LIABILITY
NEITHER ARRIS NOR ITS LICENSORS SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY OR SPECIAL DAMAGES UNDER ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER ALLEGED AS A BREACH OF CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE AND REGARDLESS OF WHETHER SUCH DAMAGES ARE SUFFERED BY PURCHASER OR ANY OTHER USER OF THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY THIRD PARTY, EVEN IF ARRIS AND/OR ITS LICENSORS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT WILL ARRIS SYSTEM'S TOTAL LIABILITY TO PURCHASER ARISING OUT OF OR PURSUANT TO THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT EXCEED THE AMOUNT PAID BY PURCHASER TO ARRIS FOR THE SOFTWARE.
5. TERM & TERMINATION.
This License Agreement will take effect upon Purchaser acceptance of the terms hereof or upon Purchaser first use of the Software and will remain in force until terminated in accordance with this License Agreement. This License Agreement may be terminated by Purchaser at any time effective upon receipt by ARRIS of written notice thereof. ARRIS may terminate this License Agreement upon fifteen (15) days prior written notice based on Purchaser material breach of this License Agreement if such breach is not cured within such fifteen (15) day period.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, this License Agreement shall terminate immediately upon Purchaser breach of any of the provisions of Section 2 above.
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8. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT RIGHTS.
The Software provided under this License Agreement is commercial computer software developed exclusively at private expense, and in all respects are proprietary data belonging solely to ARRIS and/or it licensors.
9. MISCELLANEOUS.
9.1 If any term, condition, or provision in this License Agreement is found to be invalid, unlawful or unenforceable to any extent, the remaining terms, conditions and provisions will continue to be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.
9.2 Neither this License Agreement nor any rights under this License Agreement may be assigned or otherwise transferred by Purchaser, in whole or in part, whether voluntary or by operation of
will be binding upon and will inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns.
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9.4 This License Agreement may not be amended, except in writing, signed by both parties. No terms, provisions or conditions of any purchase order, acknowledgment or other business form that Purchaser may use in connection with the acquisition or licensing of the Software will have any effect on the rights, duties or obligations of the parties under, or otherwise modify, this License Agreement, regardless of any failure of ARRIS to object to such terms, provisions or conditions.
9.5 This License Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Georgia. Any suit brought in connection with this Agreement shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the State Court of Georgia or the Federal Courts for the Northern District of Georgia and Purchaser hereby agree and submit to the personal jurisdiction and venue thereof.
1
About This Manual
Intended Audience 1-1
Prerequisite Skill and Knowledge 1-2
Purpose 1-2
Conventions Used in this Document 1-2 Admonishments 1-2
Textual Conventions 1-3
How to Contact Us 1-4
2
C4 CMTS Features
DOCSIS 2.0 Compliance 2-1
Fault Detection and Recovery 2-2
Interfaces and Protocols 2-3
Security Features 2-3
IP Filtering Options 2-3
C4 CMTS Feature Descriptions by Software Release 2-4
Feature Descriptions 2-8
3
C4 CMTS Specifications
Network Diagram 3-3 C4 CMTS Specifications 3-4 RF Electrical Specifications 3-6 Maximum Density 3-7Table of Contents C4 CMTS
VoIP Call Capacities 3-8
4
C4 CMTS Power Requirements
Components of the Power System 4-1 Power Protection Description 4-3
5
Installation Requirements
Safety Precautions 5-2
Lifting Safety 5-2
Electrical Equipment Guidelines 5-3 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) 5-3 Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage 5-3
Installation Checklist 5-4
Tools Required 5-4
Items Not Supplied 5-5
Unpacking the C4 CMTS 5-6 Module Protection 5-7 Installation Considerations 5-7 Rack Mounting 5-7 Chassis Placement 5-7 Power Requirements 5-8 Cooling Requirements 5-8
6
Installing Modules and System Bring-up
Introduction 6-2
Main Hardware Components 6-2
Module Types and Chassis Slots—Front View 6-3
Chassis — Rear View 6-4
Recommended Order for Installing Chassis Components 6-6 Recommended Chassis Unloading Order 6-7
Grounding the Chassis 6-7
Rack Mounting the C4 CMTS 6-8
Power Protection Description 6-10
Fan Modules and Cooling 6-12
Air Filter 6-17
Installing Modules in the C4 CMTS 6-17 System Control Module (SCM) 6-21 Fabric Control Module (FCM) 6-28
Overview 6-29
Fast Ethernet Network Access Module (NAM) 6-31
Overview 6-32
Gigabit Ethernet Network Access Module 6-34
Overview 6-35
Cable Access Module (1Dx8U CAM) 6-41
Overview 6-42
Cable Access Module (2Dx12U CAM) 6-46
Overview 6-47
Initial System Configuration 6-51
Overview 6-51
How to Set the SCM IP Address Using a Terminal Emulator 6-52
7
Clock Synchronization Protocol
8
Host Names, User IDs, and Password Recovery
How to Administer the Host Name and User IDs 8-1 How to Add and Delete Users 8-2
Password Recovery 8-4
9
NAM Configuration
Fast Ethernet Network Access Module (NAM) Configuration 9-2 Gigabit Ethernet Network Access Module (GigE NAM) Configuration 9-4 NAM-Side IP Interface Bundling 9-7
Table of Contents C4 CMTS
2Dx12U CAM 10-4
Rules and Restrictions for 2Dx12U CAM Configuration 10-4 Basic Command Set for Bringing Up a 2Dx12U 10-7 Migration from 1Dx8U CAMs to 2Dx12U CAMs 10-13 Measuring SNR in the 2Dx12U CAM 10-23 Clone Group Configuration 10-27 Clone Group Configuration Recommendations 10-28 Clone Group Operation Details 10-29 Sample Clone Group Configurations 10-30 Inter-MAC-Domain Clone Groups 10-31
Modulation Profiles 10-32
Adjusting Channel Settings in Response to Increased CM Scaling 10-40 FlexCAM™Hitless CAM Sparing 10-41
Overview 10-41
Configure Sparing Groups — Example 10-43
Interface Bundling 10-47
11
Control Complex Redundancy
12
Configuring Router Functionality
Interface Configuration 12-1
Common Interface Configuring Commands 12-1
Monitoring Interfaces 12-3
Subinterfaces (Multiple VRIs per VRF) 12-5 Routing Information Protocol, version 2 (RIP2) 12-9 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) 12-15
OSPF Graceful Restart 12-19
Loopback Interfaces for Routing Protocols 12-21 Dynamic Route Redundancy 12-25
Configuring IP Routes 12-26
Route Redistribution 12-27
Multicast Operations in the C4 CMTS 12-28
13
IP Packet Filtering, Throttling, and CAR
Overview of IP Packet Filtering 13-2
Subscriber Filters 13-5
Setting Default Filter Groups 13-10
Debug IP Packet Capture 13-15
Packet Throttling 13-17
Committed Access Rate 13-19
Global Rate Smoothing for TCP Traffic Feature 13-23
14
Service Class Names
15
Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA)
AAA Feature 15-2
Servers and Server Groups 15-5 Secure Shell Protocol (SSH2) 15-14 In-Band Management with ACLs 15-22 Routing to a Null Interface 15-24 Source Verification of Cable-side IP Addresses 15-25 Upstream Load Balancing (ULB) 15-27 DSx DQoS VoIP on the C4 CMTS 15-29 C4 CMTS Advanced CM Configuration File Verification 15-31
16
PacketCable™ Services
PacketCable 1.x Overview 16-1
PacketCable Multimedia Overview 16-5
Configuration Procedures 16-9
IKE and IPSec Configuration 16-10
PacketCable Settings 16-21
PC1.x Electronic Surveillance 16-32 Electronic Surveillance Configuration 16-33 Electronic Surveillance Logging Messages 16-34
Table of Contents C4 CMTS
Working with non-ARRIS MTAs in a non-PacketCable Compliant Voice System 16-35 Working with ARRIS MTAs in a non-PC1.x Compliant System 16-36
Converged Services 16-38
17
Baseline Privacy Interface (BPI)
Baseline Privacy Overview 17-1 Baseline Privacy Operational Overview 17-2
Baseline Privacy Setup 17-4
Initial CMTS Base Table Setup 17-4 BPI Initialized State Configuration Settings. 17-9 Encrypted Multicast Setup 17-10 Digital Certificates (BPI+ Only) 17-14 Provisioning BPI X.509 Certificates Using Import/Export Commands 17-15 Provisioning BPI X.509 Certificates Using CLI Commands 17-17 Baseline Privacy Debugging 17-20 Explanation of BPI Trap Codes 17-24 CLI Commands for Baseline Privacy 17-28 Configure Cable Command 17-28
Show Cable Command 17-29
Configure Interface Cable Command 17-30 Show Interface Cable Command 17-32
18
DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) Configuration
Overview and Definitions 18-2
Configuration Procedures 18-4 Initial Configuration 18-5 DSG Configuration 18-7 Advanced DSG Configuration 18-9 DS Cable Interface 18-11 DSG Tunnel 18-14 DSG Classifier 18-18 DSG Configuration Scenarios 18-18
DSG Configuration Only 18-20 Multicast Destination IP to RFC1112 DSG Tunnel MAC 18-20 Multicast Destination IP to non-RFC1112 DSG Tunnel MAC 18-23
Unicast Destination IP 18-25
19
Downstream Cable Parameters
20
Upstream Modulation Parameters and Profiles
Differences Between the 1Dx8U and 2Dx12U Default Modulation Profiles 20-10 Modulation Profiles: Default and User-defined 20-11
21
SNMP Configuration with CLI
22
Flash Disk Description
Overview 22-1
Virtual System Controller 22-4 File System Administration 22-5
File Transfers 22-7
Hitless Reload/Upgrade Feature 22-9
23
Logging and the C4 CMTS
Event Messages 23-1
How Event Messages Are Routed 23-2 Event Management Subsystems 23-3 Event Message Throttling 23-4
Show Logging Commands 23-5
Configuring Event Throttling 23-9 Configuring Event Routing 23-11 Generating Events and Traps 23-15
SNMP Trap Examples 23-16
Routing Events to Local Volatile and Non-Volatile Logs 23-17 Displaying Events on the System Console 23-18 Routing Events to the Monitor 23-19
Table of Contents C4 CMTS
Logging OSPF Event Messages 23-21
24
Diagnostics
Diagnostic User Interfaces 24-2
25
CLI Overview
Access Levels and Modes 25-2
CLI Command Modes 25-2
CLI Syntax Conventions 25-5
Designating MAC addresses and IP addresses 25-6
Keyboard Shortcuts 25-6
CLI Command Features 25-7
CLI Help Feature 25-8
CLI Filtering 25-15
How to Use CLI Filtering 25-15
26
CLI Command Descriptions
27
Standard and Cadant Enterprise MIBs
CMTS SNMP MIB Variable Descriptions 27-2
Advanced CM Configuration File Verification (TFTP Enforce) 15-31 Associate ACL with SNMP Community String 21-1
CLI - clear crypto sa 26-21
CLI - configure cable dsg client-id-list <clientlist> 26-71 CLI - configure cable dsg tunnel 26-77 CLI - configure cable dsg ds-frequency-list 26-73 CLI - configure cable dsg timer-list 26-75 CLI - configure cable dsg tunnel <tunnelid> classifier <classid> 26-78 CLI - configure cable dsg vsp-list 26-80 CLI - configure cable filter group <group> index <index> log 26-82 CLI - configure crypto dynamic-map 26-131 CLI - configure crypto dynamic-map <dyn-map-name> <seq-number> ipsec-isakmp match
ad-dress 26-132 CLI - configure crypto dynamic-map <dyn-map-name> <seq-number> set peer 26-133 CLI - configure crypto dynamic-map <dyn-map-name> <seq-number> set security-association
lifetime 26-134 CLI - configure crypto dynamic-map <dyn-map-name> <seq-number> set transform-set 26-135 CLI - configure crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 26-145 CLI - configure crypto ipsec transform-set 26-137 CLI - configure crypto ipsec transform-set <trans-set-name> authentication 26-138 CLI - configure crypto ipsec transform-set <trans-set-name> encryption 26-139
List of Features and Fixes for 4.2 C4 CMTS
CLI - configure crypto isakmp enable 26-141 CLI - configure crypto isakmp key 26-142 CLI - configure crypto isakmp local-address <local-address> 26-143 CLI - configure crypto isakmp policy 26-144 CLI - configure crypto key export 26-145 CLI - configure crypto key generate 26-146 CLI - configure crypto key import 26-147 CLI - configure crypto key zeroize 26-148 CLI - configure crypto map <map-name> <0-255> ipsec-isakmp 26-149 CLI - configure crypto map <map-name> <0-255> ipsec-isakmp dynamic 26-150 CLI - configure crypto map <map-name> <0-255> ipsec-isakmp match address 26-151 CLI - configure crypto map <map-name> <0-255> ipsec-isakmp set peer 26-152 CLI - configure crypto map <map-name> <0-255> ipsec-isakmp set security-association lifetime seconds 26-153 CLI - configure crypto map <map-name> <0-255> ipsec-isakmp set transform-set 26-154 CLI - configure interface cable <slot>/<mac> cable downstream dsg dcd-enable 26-176 CLI - configure interface cable <slot>/<mac> cable downstream dsg ds-frequency-list 26-178 CLI - configure interface cable <slot>/<mac> cable downstream dsg no 26-179 CLI - configure interface cable <slot>/<mac> cable downstream dsg timer-list 26-180 CLI - configure interface cable <slot>/<mac> cable downstream dsg vsp-list 26-183 CLI - configure interface cable <slot>/<mac> cable dynamic-secret <lock | mark | reject>
26-209 CLI - configure interface cable <slot>/<mac> cable tftp-enforce 26-231 CLI - configure interface fastethernet <slot>/<port> ip access-group <acl-index> <in | out>
26-319 CLI - configure interface gigabitethernet <slot>/<port> ip access-group <acl-index> <in | out>
26-363 CLI - configure ip filter group <group> index <index> log 26-424 CLI - configure ip ssh ciphers 26-433 CLI - configure ip ssh idle-timeout 26-434
CLI - configure ip ssh login 26-435 CLI - configure ip ssh max-auth-fail 26-436 CLI - configure ip ssh password-auth 26-437 CLI - configure ip ssh password-auth-req 26-438 CLI - configure ip ssh port 26-439 CLI - configure ip ssh port-forwarding 26-440 CLI - configure ip ssh public-key-auth 26-441 CLI - configure ip ssh public-key-auth-first 26-442 CLI - configure ip ssh public-key-auth-req 26-443 CLI - configure ip ssh restart 26-444 CLI - configure ip ssh shutdown 26-445 CLI - configure packetcable 26-480 CLI - configure packetcable dqos shutdown 26-481 CLI - configure packetcable dqos timer <t0 | t1> 26-482 CLI - configure packetcable pcmm shutdown 26-489 CLI - configure packetcable pcmm timer t1 <value> 26-490 CLI - configure packetcable throttle 26-491 CLI - configure snmp-server community 26-553 CLI - reload <img_path> hitless 26-620
CLI - show cable dsg 26-642
CLI - show cable dsg client-id-list <clientlist> 26-646 CLI - show cable dsg ds-frequency-list 26-648 CLI - show cable dsg timer-list 26-650 CLI - show cable dsg tunnel <tunnelid> 26-653 CLI - show cable dsg tunnel <tunnelid> classifier 26-654 CLI - show cable dsg tunnel-group 26-652 CLI - show cable dsg vsp-list 26-655 CLI - show crypto dynamic-map [tag <dynamic-map-name>] 26-727
List of Features and Fixes for 4.2 C4 CMTS
CLI - show crypto ipsec security-association lifetime 26-732 CLI - show crypto ipsec transform-set [tag <trans-set-name>] 26-733 CLI - show crypto isakmp 26-734 CLI - show crypto isakmp policy 26-735 CLI - show crypto isakmp sa 26-736 CLI - show crypto map [tag <map-name>] 26-738 CLI - show interface cable <slot>/<mac> cable downstream dsg dcd 26-761 CLI - show interface cable [<slot>/<mac>] cable downstream dsg 26-758 CLI - show interface cable [<slot>/<mac>] cable downstream dsg verbose 26-760 CLI - show interface fastethernet <slot>/<port> access-group 26-785 CLI - show interface gigabitethernet <slot>/<port> access-group 26-786 CLI - show ip ospf interface [brief] (PROD 70427) 26-817
CLI - show ip ssh 26-829
CLI - show ip ssh config 26-830 CLI - show packetcable global 26-864 CLI - show packetcable global dqos 26-866 CLI - show packetcable global pcmm 26-867 CLI - show packetcable transactions 26-868 CLI - show snmp community 26-896 CLI - show ssh host public-key 26-831 CLI - trace logging packetcable <pcmm | dqos> <mtaip> 26-965 Configuration File for Combined Voice and Data on the Same Upstream 16-38
Debug IP Packet Capture 13-15
DOCSIS Set-top Gateway 18-1
Measuring SNR in the 2Dx12U CAM 10-23 PacketCable Multimedia Overview 16-5 Power levels for upstream channels on the same physical CAM connector. 10-4 PROD 60544 Sample output of "show cable modem detail" command updated to show CM capabil-ity and operation. Needed for DOCSIS 2.0. 17-21
PROD 64234 Power levels for upstream channels on the same physical CAM connector. 10-4 PROD 65114 PacketCable Compliance Updated 16-4 PROD 65842 DCDs configured on a per-interface basis, not for entire cable bundle 18-5 PROD 66221 Problem with SCN params and DSG tunnels 18-15
3
C4 CMTS Specifications
Figure 3-1: The C4 CMTS (front view) 3-2 Figure 3-2: Typical Cable Data Network Architecture 3-3
4
C4 CMTS Power Requirements
Figure 4-1: C4 CMTS Front Access Panels 4-2 Figure 4-2: LED and Power Bus Switches 4-3 Figure 4-3: C4 CMTS Power Feeds (chassis rear) 4-4 Figure 4-4: Second Level - Internal Branch Fusing 4-5 Figure 4-5: Power Control Button 4-6
5
Installation Requirements
Figure 5-1: Internal Air Flow (side view) 5-9
6
Installing Modules and System Bring-up
Figure 6-1: Front View of C4 CMTS 6-3 Figure 6-2: C4 CMTS Chassis (rear view) 6-5 Figure 6-3: Example of Old and New Front Filler Panels 6-6 Figure 6-4: Location of Grounding Terminals 6-8 Figure 6-5: Installing the Power Control Module (PCM) 6-10 Figure 6-6: Cabling the PCM 6-11
List of Figures C4 CMTS
Figure 6-8: Example of High Speed Fan Module 6-14 Figure 6-9: Installing the Fan Module 6-15 Figure 6-10: Air Flow Through the Chassis 6-16 Figure 6-11: Installing the System Control Module 6-18 Figure 6-12: Release Locking Latches in Order to Remove Module 6-19 Figure 6-13: System Control Module (SCM) and PIC 6-21 Figure 6-14: View of Pin-out of Rollover Cable 6-26 Figure 6-15: Connecting the Console Port to a PC 6-27 Figure 6-16: Fabric Control Module (FCM) and Filler Panel 6-28 Figure 6-17: FastE NAM and PIC 6-31 Figure 6-18: GigabitEthernet Network Access Module (GigE NAM) and PIC 6-34 Figure 6-19: Gigabit Interface Converters (GBICs) 6-37 Figure 6-20: Installing the GBIC 6-38 Figure 6-21: 1Dx8U Cable Access Module (CAM) and PICs 6-41 Figure 6-22: 2D12U Cable Access Module (CAM) and PIC 6-46 Figure 6-23: Opening a Terminal Session on the C4 CMTS 6-52 Figure 6-24: Sample Bootloader Dialog 6-55
79
NAM Configuration
Figure 9-1: Block Diagram of NAM-Side IP Interface Bundling 9-7
10
Basic CAM Configuration
Figure 10-1: One Way to Migrate Two 1Dx6 CAMs onto One 2Dx12U (example) 10-15 Figure 10-2: Migration Example: from 12 Upstreams on Two 1D/6U CAMs to One 2Dx12U 10-16 Figure 10-3: Two Examples of Slot Configuration after Migrating to 2Dx12U CAMs 10-17 Figure 10-4: Network Example — Each CM Sees Multiple Downstreams 10-31 Figure 10-5: Example of CAM Sparing Groups 10-43
12
Configuring Router Functionality
115
Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA)
Figure 15-1: AAA Security Model 15-3
16
PacketCable™ Services
Figure 16-1: PacketCable Network Reference Architecture 16-3 Figure 16-2: Foundations of PCMM Architecture 16-6 Figure 16-3: Network Diagram of PCMM Implementation 16-8 Figure 16-4: An Example of Classification for PacketCable 1.x In a Combined Voice and Data
En-vironment 16-40
17
Baseline Privacy Interface (BPI)
Figure 17-1: Example of Baseline Privacy Base Table 17-5
18
DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) Configuration
Figure 18-1: Logical devices in a DSG system 18-2 Figure 18-2: Block Diagram of an Advanced DSG Configuration 18-10
22
Flash Disk Description
Figure 22-1: Flash Disk Partition Structure 22-2
23
Logging and the C4 CMTS
Figure 23-1: Event Management Subsystems on the C4 CMTS 23-3 Figure 23-2: Show Logging Output Example 23-7 Figure 23-3: Show Logging Throttle Output Example 23-8 Figure 23-4: Show Logging History Output Example 23-8 Figure 23-5: Show Logging History Last 10 Output Example 23-9 Figure 23-6: Help Configure Logging Trap Output Example 23-16 Figure 23-7: Show Logging Local Output Example 23-18
List of Figures C4 CMTS
Figure 24-2: CLI Output for Diagnostics 24-12 Figure 24-3: Show Logging History Output Example (partial) 24-13 Figure 24-4: Example of System Output for a Module that Failed Diagnostics 24-14
6
Installing Modules and System Bring-up
Procedure 6-1 How to Rack Mount the C4 CMTS 6-8 Procedure 6-2 How to Install the Power Conditioning Modules (PCMs) 6-10 Procedure 6-3 How to Cable the PCM 6-11 Procedure 6-4 How to Install the Fan Modules 6-15 Procedure 6-5 How to Install the SCM 6-24 Procedure 6-6 How to Install the SCM Physical Interface Card (PIC) 6-24 Procedure 6-7 How to Cable the SCM 6-26 Procedure 6-8 How to Install the FastE NAM 6-33 Procedure 6-9 How to Install the GigE NAM 6-35 Procedure 6-10 How to Install the GigE NAM Physical Interface Card (PIC) 6-35 Procedure 6-11 How to Install the GBICs 6-38 Procedure 6-12 How to Remove a GBIC 6-39 Procedure 6-13 How to Install the CAM 6-44 Procedure 6-14 How to Install the CAM Physical Interface Card (PIC) 6-44 Procedure 6-15 How to Open the Terminal Emulator Session 6-52 Procedure 6-16 How to Modify Boot Parameters 6-54
7
Clock Synchronization Protocol
List of Procedures C4 CMTS
8
Host Names, User IDs, and Password Recovery
Procedure 8-1 How to Configure a Host Name and Logging Host IP Address 8-1 Procedure 8-2 How to Configure Privilege Levels and Authentication 8-2 Procedure 8-3 How to Enable Password Recovery Using Application Dialog 8-4
9
NAM Configuration
Procedure 9-1 How to Configure a Network Access Module 9-3 Procedure 9-2 How to Take a NAM Out of Service and Delete Its Slot 9-4 Procedure 9-3 How to Configure a Gigabit Ethernet Network Access Module 9-5 Procedure 9-4 How to Take a GigE NAM Out of Service and Delete Its Slot 9-6
10
Basic CAM Configuration
Procedure 10-1 How to Create and Enable a 1Dx8U CAM 10-3 Procedure 10-2 Example of Growing and Enabling a 2Dx12U CAM with Logical Channels 10-9 Procedure 10-3 Migrating from a 1Dx8U Chassis to a 2Dx12U Chassis 10-18 Procedure 10-4 How to Align IM Opportunities for Clone Groups 10-29 Procedure 10-5 How to Create and Apply a Modulation Profile to an US Port 10-33 Procedure 10-6 How to Configure an Upstream (US) Channel 10-34 Procedure 10-7 How to Activate a CAM 10-39 Procedure 10-8 How to Take a CAM Out of Service and Delete Its Slot 10-39 Procedure 10-9 Configuring the Two Sparing Groups Shown in the Example 10-43 Procedure 10-10How to Fail Back Manually 10-45 Procedure 10-11How to Delete a CAM Sparing Group 10-46 Procedure 10-12How to Create Interface Bundles 10-47 Procedure 10-13How to Remove Interface Bundles 10-48
11
Control Complex Redundancy
Procedure 11-1 How to Add a Control Complex (Change from Simplex to Duplex) 11-2 Procedure 11-2 How to Change a Control Complex from Duplex to Simplex 11-3
12
Configuring Router Functionality
Procedure 12-1 How to Monitor Interfaces 12-3 Procedure 12-2 How to Enable Single Key Authentication 12-13 Procedure 12-3 How to Enable Multiple Key Authentication (i.e., Key Chains) 12-14 Procedure 12-4 How to Enable OSPF 12-16 Procedure 12-5 How to Disable OSPF for an Interface 12-18 Procedure 12-6 How to Disable OSPF (Globally) on the C4 CMTS 12-18 Procedure 12-7 How to Add/Delete/View a Static IP Route to the C4 CMTS 12-26 Procedure 12-8 How to Enable Multicast on a Cable Interface 12-31
13
IP Packet Filtering, Throttling, and CAR
Procedure 13-1 How to Add Filters to the CMTS 13-6
15
Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA)
Procedure 15-1 Setting up SSH on the C4 CMTS 15-17 Procedure 15-2 PuTTY, SSH, Public Key Authentication 15-17
23
Logging and the C4 CMTS
Procedure 23-1 How to Route Events to the Console 23-18 Procedure 23-2 How to Route Events to the Monitor 23-19 Procedure 23-3 How to Configure the History Log 23-20
24
Diagnostics
1. About This Manual
Topics
Page
Intended Audience 1
Prerequisite Skill and Knowledge 2
Purpose 2
Conventions Used in this Document 2
How to Contact Us 4
In response to emerging IP-based data and voice services, ARRIS brings to market a next-generation, carrier-class Cable Data Network Solution — the Cadant C4 Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS). As of April 2005, there were more than 700 C4 CMTSs on four continents supporting 3.7 million subscribers.
The C4 CMTS has been designed to meet the needs of the Multiple System Operator (MSO) in terms of system density, wire-speed performance, and reliability. The C4 CMTS enables MSOs to bundle high-speed data, voice, full-motion video, and other multimedia content to residential and busi-ness customers.
Intended Audience
1
About This ManualPrerequisite Skill and Knowledge
This document serves as an introduction to the C4 CMTS for all adminis-trators and users of cable modem termination systems. Ideally, users of this documentation and equipment should have a basic knowledge of the following:
• RF measuring equipment • Provisioning servers
• Command Line Interface (CLI)
• RF cable plant and operating methods
Purpose
This document provides a comprehensive view of the C4 CMTS including reference and procedural information required to manage and control the C4 CMTS.
Conventions Used in this Document
This section presents the textual conventions used in this documentation set.
Admonishments
There are three levels of admonishments used in this documentation. The first is a simple note.
NOTE
Notes are intended to highlight additional references or general information related to a procedure, product, or system.
The international symbols, Caution and Warning, appear in this book when you must perform procedures involving risk.
CAUTION
Cautions indicate risk of dropping traffic, losing data, or damaging equipment. Read the accompanying instructions and proceed with caution.
WARNING
The warning symbol represents a risk of bodily injury or serious damage to the equipment. Before you work on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and fiber optics and follow standard procedures for preventing accidents and serious damage.
Textual Conventions
The conventions used in this guide are shown in the following table:
Table 1-1: Examples of Textual Conventions
Type of text Description Example
CLI commands and other user input Monospaced bold
(courier)
configure slot <13-16> type NAM
Names of chapters and manuals Italicized text chapter 1, AboutThis Manual
Menu selections Plain-faced text From the File>Set-up menu choose… System responses and screen display Monospaced font
(courier)
Time since the CMTS was last booted: 12 days, 2: 8: 14 <hr:min:sec>
1
About This ManualHow to Contact Us
Product Information and
Support If you have questions about the ARRIS C4 CMTS, G2 IMS
® software,
installation procedures, or this guide, pleases contact your ARRIS account representative. The Technical Support Contact information is summarized in the following table:
Table 1-2: Product Technical Support Contacts C4 CMTS Support Information NORTH AMERICA
E-mail [email protected] Toll Free Phone 1+.888.221.9797 (North America Only) Worldwide Phone 1+678.473.5656
Hours 8 am to 8 pm (08:00 to 20:00) Eastern Standard Time
LATIN AMERICA E-mail [email protected] Phone +56.2.369.5628 Hours 9 am to 6 pm (09:00 to 18:00) EUROPE E-mail [email protected] Phone (English, Spanish, French)+31 23.554.3880 Hours 08:30 to 17:30 pm CET
ASIA (except Japan)
E-mail [email protected] Phone +81 (0) 3 5371.4142
Hours 9 am to 5 pm (09:00 to 17:00) Tokyo local time
JAPAN - Tokyo Office
E-mail [email protected] Phone +81 (0) 3 5371.4142
Hours 9 am to 5 pm (09:00 to 17:00) Tokyo local time
JAPAN - Fukuoka Office
E-mail [email protected] Phone +81 92 473.2671
Emergency support is available after normal business hours by calling the same numbers listed above. Additional contact information can be obtained from the ARRIS web page at http://www.arrisi.com and clicking on the link to the Customer Center.
Training Information ARRIS Training is the authorized organization for training on voice, data,
and provisioning products. Web-based, instructor-led, and customized courses are available at our U.S. training center in Atlanta. On-site training is available.To obtain pricing for on-site training and other training infor-mation, visit our web site:
http://www.arrisi.com
Comments on this Document Our goal has been to create a document that best fits your needs. We are
interested in your suggestions for improving this document. You may address comments or questions regarding this documentation directly to the Documentation and Training Manager:
Jim Morgan
ARRIS Customer Documentation and Training Manager PH: 770-622-8760
FX: 678-473-5218 [email protected]
2. C4 CMTS Features
Topics
Page
C4 CMTS Feature Descriptions by Software Release 4
Feature Descriptions 8
This chapter introduces the C4 CMTS and its features, functionality, and components. This chapter contains the following topics:
• Descriptive and reference information • Features list
DOCSIS 2.0 Compliance
In December, 2004, the Cadant C4 Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS) received DOCSIS® 2.0 requalification by CableLabs® with the new software upgrade designed to support DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) technology. With this qualification, the Cadant C4 CMTS, configured with the higher density 2Dx12U CAM provides the most reliable and scalable CMTS solution currently available. Using it, MSOs can provide their customers with advanced voice and high-speed data solutions.
2
C4 CMTS FeaturesThe Cadant C4 CMTS supports DOCSIS Set-Top Gateway (DSG), allowing operators to transition the signaling, provisioning and control of advanced set-top boxes from proprietary to standards-based protocols. This transi-tion of all services to IP-based standards is expected to streamline opera-tions and lower capital costs for cable operators.
The DOCSIS 2.0 standard greatly improves performance in the upstream path of the cable network. The growing demand for peer-to-peer file sharing, interactive gaming, and voice over IP telephony increases the need for upstream bandwidth.
The following enhancements are available to CMTSs and CMs that comply with the 2.0 standard while maintaining all the DOCSIS 1.1 and 1.0 func-tionality:
• Enhanced upstream capacity
• Greater maximum upstream throughput — up to 30.72 mbps per channel
• Greater upstream channel width — up to 6.4 Mhz
• New upstream channel modulation rates: 8QAM, 32QAM, and 64QAM • Longer preamble to facilitate synchronization — up to 1536 bits • Higher powered preamble — QPSK-1
• Enhanced noise cancellation and error correction
• Synchronous-Code-Division Multiple Access (SCDMA) operation along with the standard TDMA and ATDMA techniques for combining CM signals onto a given upstream channel.
Fault Detection and Recovery
The C4 CMTS employs:
• Advanced data-path integrity checks (parity, CRC, loopbacks, pings) • Continuous system audits
• Multiple levels of error detection. Fault recovery on the C4 CMTS: • Rapidly isolates faults
• Decreases diagnostic and repair time
• Reduces the probability of fault propagation • Minimizes impact on subscriber services.
Interfaces and Protocols
Open interfaces and protocols allow seamless integration with existing network management infrastructures. The primary protocols supported by the C4 CMTS include the following:
• Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) — v1, v2c, and v3 • DOCSIS 1.1, DOCSIS 2.0 and Cadant MIBS
• Command Line Interface (CLI) • File Transfer Protocol (FTP) • Telnet
• Routing Information Protocol (RIPv2) • Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2)
Security Features
Unique security measures ensure plant and subscriber integrity through: • DOCSIS 1.1 BPI+ encryption
• Administrative isolation by means of a separate physical interface • Packet filtering
• Proxy ARP
• Password and key authentication for RIP and OSPF • Authentication using RADIUS
• Secure Shell (SSH) • Access Control Lists (ACLs)
• Multi-stage Denial of Service throttling mechanisms in hardware and software
• TACACS+
• Protocol throttling
IP Filtering Options
The IP filtering feature is dependent on the subscriber management MIB.1
1. For information on the applicable standards, see the appropriate draft documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force at www.ietf.org. Look
2
C4 CMTS FeaturesC4 CMTS Feature Descriptions by Software Release
The ARRIS C4 CMTS Release 4.2 aggregated Feature Set is comprised of the Baseline Feature Set, plus the features of software Releases 3.0, 3.3, 4.0, 4.1, and 4.2.
Baseline Features The ARRIS C4 CMTS feature set includes:
• Complete DOCSIS 1.1 support
• Maximum cable interface density per rack unit • High scalability
• Guaranteed Service Level Agreements (SLAs) support • IGMPv2 & Multicast Flow Support
• Carrier-class availability and operation • Static Layer 3 Routing
• Layer 3 Router Functionality including
-
Router Information Protocol (RIPv2)-
Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2)-
Equal Cost Multipath Load Balancing (ECMP)• FlexCAM™ Technology for CAM sparing (hitless operation for sparing groups up to 7+1)
• Dynamic Route Redundancy • Control Complex Redundancy
Release 3.0 Features The following features were added with Release 3.0:
• GigE Network Access Module (Gig-E NAM) • Authentication using RADIUS
• Secure Shell (SSH)
• In-Band Management and Access Control Lists (ACLs) • Upstream Load Balancing (ULB)
Release 3.3 Features The following features or improvements have been added for release 3.3: • PacketCable Qualification
• Increased subscriber limits per chassis: 24K CM • Increased VoIP Call Capacities
• Improved Password Recovery • Loopback Interface
• Multiple Subinterfaces per VRF
• Loopback Interfaces for routing protocols • Number of filters in group increased to 31
• Support for Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) [RADIUS & TACACS+]
• In-Band Management: Access to the SCM via the loopback IP address • Support for Packet Cable
• Automatic System Backup during Upgrade • Improved Baseline Privacy Interface (BPI)
• Domain Name System (DNS) Support for Telnet, Traceroute, and Ping CLI Improvements:
• Extended ping command • show ip interface brief • show temperature • reset all CMs
• traceroute CLI command • configure authorization • COS and 1.0 Modems • configure logging priority • configure privilege exec level
2
C4 CMTS FeaturesRelease 4.0 Features The following features or improvements have been added for release 4.0:
• 2Dx12U CAM — full DOCSIS 2.0 (A-TDMA and S-CDMA) • Proprietary automatic ingress noise cancellation • Flash disk re-partitioning
• Graceful restart with OSPFv2
• Real-time FFT of upstream (compatible with C3 CMTS MIBs) • NAM IP interface bundling
• Increased subscriber limits per chassis: 32,000 CMs per chassis, and 3,000 CMs per downstream (500 per upstream in 1x6 operation) • Preemption of normal calls by new emergency calls when BW is limited • Additional audits: FCM, file system, 2Dx12U
• CM reset clear trap • Flap List enhancements:
-
percent of station maintenance ranging opportunities that receive a range request-
number of power adjustments exceeding a threshold • Number of CRC errors per CM (2D only)• Number of bytes dropped per CM (congestion and policing) • Virtual System Controller
• CLI Improvements:
-
show/copy running-config-
show cable qos profile-
assign and display in output name/description for each interface To look up syntax and parameters for individual CLI commands, seeChapter 26, CLI Command Descriptions. Each entry in the alphabetical list of commands is a hyperlink to the appropriate page in the manual. • Automatic fan speed control
• Encrypt the MD5 shared secret for routing protocols in CLI output • Disable ICMP Unreachables
• OSPF "point-to-point" interface support • Increased AC/DC power solution • Voice call requirements:
-
At least 1,000 MTAs per downstream-
At least 5,000 BHCAs with completion rate of 99.5%NOTE
The voice call requirements are reduced by one-half in a mixed voice and data environment.
Release 4.1 Features The following features or improvements have been added for release 4.1:
• Committed Access Rate
• Global Traffic Shaping for TCP Traffic • Remote Query of Cable Modems
Release 4.2 Features The following features or improvements have been added for release 4.2:
• DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) Agent • Associate ACL with SNMP Community String • Advanced CM Config File Verification • Scalability — 52K CMs per chassis
• Modify overload control to ensure "older" CMs range/register in reasonable time through overload conditions (chassis reboot, CAM insertion, etc.)
• "Debug" IP Filter Packet Capture capability (ability to capture packet headers that match IP filters or similar functionality)
• PacketCable Multimedia • Network side ACLs
• Support for 16 telnet sessions
• Clear the IP filter counters through the CLI • Hitless software update
• PacketCable 1.x Voice call requirements
-
MTAs /downstream (1D) 1000 MTAs/downstream (2D) 1500 MTAs/C4 20000-
Lines/downstream 1800 Lines/C4 24000-
BHCA/downstream 5000 BHCA/C4 66600-
Simultaneous half calls/downstream 260• Programmable unicast request opportunity polling interval
NOTE
The voice call requirements specifically assume that only GNAMs are used. If the system contains any FastENAMs, the per-chassis line and MTA limits must be reduced to 1000.
2
C4 CMTS FeaturesCertain features may impact software upgrade procedures. For more infor-mation related to upgrades or for non-conformance issues, see the
Cadant® C4™ CMTS Software Upgrade Notes. This file is included on the software CD.
Feature Descriptions
In addition to the previously described features and functionality, the following section describes the C4 CMTS feature set. This includes: • Layer 3 Router Functionality including
-
Router Information Protocol (RIPv2)-
Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2)-
Equal Cost Multipath Load Balancing (ECMP)• FlexCAM™ Technology for “hitless” CAM sparing (hitless operation for sparing groups up to 7+1)
• Dynamic Route Redundancy • Control Complex Redundancy • Secure Shell
• In-band Management with ACLs • Upstream Load Balancing • Multiple Syslog Servers
Each feature is explained in the following sections.
RIPv2 RIP is a distance vector routing protocol that learns routes dynamically
without provisioning. RIP requires little overhead and is easy to imple-ment.
The C4 CMTS implements RIPv2. Unlike the original version of RIP, this version supports subnet masks and Message Digest 5 (MD5) authentica-tion. For more information on the standard, see Request For Comments (RFCs) 2453 and 1058.
OSPFv2 OSPF is a dynamic link-state routing protocol developed by the Internet
Engineering Task Force and is published as RFC 2328.
Rather than counting the number of hops as a metric, OSPF bases its path descriptions on link states that take into account additional network infor-mation. OSPF also lets the user assign cost metrics to each interface so that some paths are given preference.
Equal Cost Multipath The Equal Cost Multipath (ECMP) feature allows an administrator to route
designated traffic across multiple routes while balancing traffic across up to four equal cost routes. If more than four equal cost routes are learned
by the C4, then the extra routes are not active. Each IP datagram is exam-ined to determine its route according to the Destination IP address. If multiple equal cost routes are found, the route chosen is based on the source IP address of the packet. Assuming an even distribution of source IP addresses, the load through the equal cost routes is balanced.
FlexCAM Sparing Hitless CAM sparing is an important element of system reliability and
greatly reduces subscriber impact and loss of traffic in the event of CAM failure. Hitless sparing occurs when an active CAM goes down and a spare CAM becomes active. The CMs remain on-line and do not have to re-range and re-register. The C4 CMTS supports CAM sparing groups up to 7+1 in size (seven active CAMs backed up by one spare).
Dynamic Route Redundancy The Dynamic Route Redundancy feature allows the C4 CMTS to
dynami-cally update a specific route in hardware based on a change in the network topology. The update will only occur if a redundant route for a specific IP prefix exists in software.
Control Complex
Redundancy A Control Complex consists of one SCM and one FCM. In a fully equipped chassis there are two Control Complexes, one active and one standby. Control Complex Redundancy (CCR) ensures high reliability for system-wide OAM&P, switching, and routing.
The control complex redundancy feature provides 1+1 active/standby redundancy between two pairs of SCM/FCM modules. The failure of an active SCM/FCM pair immediately causes a failover to the standby SCM/FCM pair.
Secure Shell The C4 CMTS Secure Shell protocol version 2 (SSH2) feature provides
enhanced privacy and security, including:
• Secure encrypted connection capabilities using an SSH2 server • User authentication by internal password
• External RADIUS password or user digital signatures (public keys) • Secure connections to the C4 CMTS CLI and file systems
• Secure FTP (SFTP)
In-Band Management with
ACLs The C4 CMTS offers enhanced network management with controlled access to the SCM via standard Access Control Lists (ACLs) for CMTS administrators. This feature provides:
• IP connectivity to the SCM through the client cards (NAM, GigE NAM, and CAMs), and
• The ability to permit or deny access to the SCM via the client cards from specified subnet or host addresses.
2
C4 CMTS FeaturesUpstream Load Balancing The Upstream Load Balancing (ULB) feature provides upstream load
balancing on registering CMs among upstream channels to which those CMs are physically attached.
The automatic decision to load balance is based on a comparison of the cumulative reserved bandwidth of upstream channels at the time a new CM is attempting to perform initial maintenance ranging. The ULB feature is provisionable per cable group, (i.e. a downstream channel and all asso-ciated upstream channels that occupy the same physical cable).
NOTE
This feature should not be activated for cable groups with CMs that are already configured to connect to specific upstream channels.
Multiple Syslog Servers The C4 CMTS has the ability to configure and send logging messages to
3. C4 CMTS Specifications
Topics
Page
Network Diagram 3 C4 CMTS Specifications 4 RF Electrical Specifications 6 Maximum Density 7 Scalability 7VoIP Call Capacities 8
This chapter introduces the C4 CMTS and its features and functionality. This chapter contains the following topics:
• Descriptive and reference information • Physical design information
3
C4 CMTS SpecificationsFigure 3-1 illustrates the front view of the C4 CMTS. There are a total of twenty-one slots for modules. There are four main types of modules used to equip the slots in the front. These are sometimes referred to as front cards. Smaller modules, called Physical Interface Cards, or PICs, are inserted in each slot from the rear of the chassis. The PICs provide physical connectors for terminating cables from the subscriber and Internet networks. Between the front and back slots is the midplane of the chassis. Three C4 CMTS chassis can be mounted in a single 19-inch wide, seven-foot standard rack.
Network Diagram
A cable data network system consists of cable modems (CMs) at subscriber premises, a CMTS at the cable plant operations area, a data-over-cable management software suite integrated with the operator's other manage-ment systems, and the HFC cabling that connects it all.
DOCSIS defines the standard for communication among these elements. The C4 CMTS provides data switching functions as well as the radio frequency (RF) interface to and from the cable plant. It also provides ethernet interfaces to the Internet Service Provider(s).
The data-over-cable management system provides both the end-to-end network management solution and the support for subscriber provisioning. Figure 3-2 shows a typical cable data network architecture.
Figure 3-2: Typical Cable Data Network Architecture
CPE
TFTP Server TOD Server DHCP Server
10/100 Ethernet Switch CMTS Cable Modem Router DC Power Converter CATV Network HFC Plant Internet AC
3
C4 CMTS SpecificationsC4 CMTS Specifications
This section is a summary of the C4 CMTS physical characteristics and operating specifications, and information on compliance with regulatory standards.
Physical • Mounting: 19- or 23-inch rack, or stand-alone
• Dimensions: Height 24.5" (622 mm) Width 17.4" (442 mm) Depth 20.0" (508 mm) • Chassis Weight (fully equipped): 166 pounds (75.5 Kg)
Power • Operating voltage: nominal -48 VDC, range -44 to -72VDC
Note: Once powered up the C4 CMTS will continue to operate if within
this voltage range.
• Start-up voltage range: -44 to -67.5VDC
Note: If powered down, the C4 CMTS will not restart successfully if
the voltage is not in the range of -44 to -67.5VDC. This offset from the operating range provides a cushion against multiple possible power cycles. Attempted start-ups at the voltage extremes are subject to power fluctuations that could result in multiple power cycles and damage to the equipment.
• Chassis Power Consumption: 2800W maximum
• The -44V guaranteed operating limit translates to a maximum current draw of 64A at 2800W.
Safety The C4 CMTS meets the following safety standards:
• UL60950 (1999) Third Edition • CAN/CSA-C22.2, No. 950-95 • IEC60950-1 (2001), First Edition
Electromagnetic
Compatibility The C4 CMTS meets the following: • GR-1089-CORE, Issue 3 (FCC - Part 15, Class A)
• EN 300 386 v1.3.1 (CISPR 22, Class A)
Network Interfaces The C4 CMTS is equipped with the following interfaces:
• 10 Base-T (SCM Maintenance Port) • 10/100 Base-T (FastE or GigabitE NAM) • 1000 Base-TX, 1000 Base-SX, 1000 Base-LLX,
Environmental Thermal — The C4 CMTS meets the following environmental standards:
• NEBS GR-63-CORE, ETS 300 019
-
Operating temperature:Short term: -5 to +55ºC Long term: +5 to +40ºC
-
Non-operating temperature: -40 to +70ºC-
Operating humidityShort term: 5 to 90%, non-condensing Long term: 5 to 85%
-
Non-operating humidity: 5 to 95%, non-condensingMechanical — • NEBS GR-63-CORE • ETS 300 019
-
In-use (Class3.1E)-
Storage (Class 1.2)-
Transportation (Class 2.3) Other —• NEBS Level 3 Criteria (SR-3580) • Acoustic Noise Criteria:
-
NEBS (GR-63-CORE)-
ETSI (ETS 300 753)• Altitude Criteria (NEBS GR-63-CORE) • Illumination Criteria (NEBS GR-63-CORE)
3
C4 CMTS SpecificationsRF Electrical Specifications
The following table lists the downstream RF electrical specifications.
The following table lists the upstream RF electrical specifications.
Table 3-1: Downstream RF Electrical Specifications
Center frequency range: North America
Europe 91 - 857 MHz 112 - 858 MHz Frequency step size 250 kHz
Modulation types 64QAM, 256QAM
Annex B symbol rates in Msym/sec 64QAM:256QAM: 5.0569415.360537 Annex A symbol rate in Msym/sec 64QAM or 256QAM: 6.952 Raw bit rate: Annex B
64QAM
256QAM) 30.342 Mbps42.884 Mbps Raw bit rate: Annex A
64QAM
256QAM) 41.712 Mbps55.616 Mbps Output signal range 50-61 dBmV Return loss < 14 dB in-band
Transmit output power accuracy Adjustable to within +/-.5 dB Output impedance 75Ω
Table 3-2: Upstream RF Electrical Specifications
Upstream frequency band: North America Europe Japan 5 - 42 MHz 5 - 65 MHz 5 - 55 MHz RF channel spacing < 1 kHz Modulation types Type 4 TLVa: QPSK, 16QAM Type 5 TLV: QPSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM, and 64QAM
a. Type-Length-Value (TLV) 4 or 5 are codes used in UCD messages to indicate DOCSIS 1.x or 2.0 compatibility, respectively.
Raw bit rate 30.72 Mbps max
The following is a list of receiving input levels for upstream channels:
Maximum Density
The C4 CMTSsupports both small and large scale subscriber deployments. The C4 CMTS chassis supports up to 32 downstream channels and 192 upstream channels. Up to three chassis can be installed in a standard 7-foot high, 19-inch wide frame. A fully configured rack supports a maximum of 96 downstream and 576 upstream channels. Operating ratios of downstream to upstream channels range from 1:1 to 1:12, assuming use of the 2Dx12U Cable Access Module.
Scalability
ARRIS offers a number of combinations of downstream to upstream channel ratios to improve scalability. With the ability to accommodate many configurations, the CMTS can grow to meet evolving subscriber traffic considerations along with reducing inter-shelf cabling. This leads to lower cost for installation, operations, and maintenance.
Using multiple NAM ports within one CMTS chassis enables use of dynamic route redundancy. This allows an MSO to set multiple routes to a single destination. These routes can be provisioned on different NAM ports with different weights, thus providing a NAM redundancy strategy.
Table 3-3: Receiving Input Levels for Upstream Channels Channel Width
(kHz) Symbol Rate (ksm/sec) Maximum Range (dBmV)
200 160 -16 to +14 400 320 -13 to +17 800 640 -10 to +20 1600 1280 -7 to +23 3200 2560 -4 to +26 6400 5120 -1 to +29
3
C4 CMTS SpecificationsA fully equipped C4 CMTS chassis offering basic service will provide reasonable performance up to the following suggested subscriber limits: • 52,000 CMs per chassis
• 128,000 ARP cache entries
• 128,000 Destination IP entries (using GigE NAM)
• 3,000 CMs/downstream (whether 1Dx8U or 2Dx12U CAM)
• Up to 500 CMs for each upstream of a 2Dx12U CAM configured for 1Dx6U service.
VoIP Call Capacities
The following Voice over Internet Protocol hardware and call limits apply to C4 CMTSs configured for DSx/DQoS VoIP or PacketCable voice. The Multimedia Terminal Adapter (MTA) is a telephony modem:
MTAs per downstream (1D): 1,000 MTAs per downstream (2D): 1,500 MTAs per C4 CMTS: 20,000 Lines per downstream 1,800 Lines per C4 CMTS: 24,000 Busy Hour Call Attempts (peak 60-minute call loads supported)
BHCA per downstream: 5,000 BHCA per C4 CMTS: 66,600 Simultaneous half-calls/downstream 260 The assumptions for the call load are:
Lines per sub.: 1.2 Centi-Calls per Second (CCS) per line: 5
Hold time: 180 seconds Call Completion Rate: 99.5%
These limits specifically assume that only GigE NAMs are used. If the system contains any FastE NAMs, the per-chassis line and MTA limits must be reduced to 10,000. These limits also depend on the following: • MTAs/lines are distributed evenly across 4 upstreams per downstream • 256QAM downstream
• 16QAM upstream
• 3.2 MHz upstream channel width
4. C4 CMTS Power
Requirements
Topics
Page
Components of the Power System 1
Power Protection Description 3
The C4 CMTS requires two -48V power feeds, named A and B. The source can be an external battery plant or independent AC/DC power supplies. In the event the A or B feed fails or is removed from service for maintenance, the other feed continues to supply power to the C4 CMTS with no interrup-tion in service.
NOTE
Review the total current consumption of all equipment on the same line before supplying power to the C4 CMTS. Avoid sharing a power source that requires large currents.
Components of the Power System
Power is filtered and conditioned by a Power Conditioning Module (PCM) for each feed. The PCM contains the power input connector, main breaker, and all active circuitry for power distribution over a power bus.
4
C4 CMTS Power RequirementsThe PCM:
• Soft starts the chassis on power up
• Filters noise and power disturbances from the power feeds • Monitors the power draw of the chassis and shuts down a branch
circuit in the event of a power fault
Each PCM is removable and can be replaced without interrupting power to the C4 CMTS in a duplex power configuration.
Front Panel Access Protective panels mounted on the front of the chassis flip open, as
illus-trated in Figure 4-1.
• The top single panel flips up to reveal the power panel and power LEDs.
• The mid and lower matching panels flip open to allow access to the ejector clips for the front modules.
• Another small panel is found beneath the lower matching pane. The chassis slot numbers are printed on it; it flips down to allow access to the air filter.
Figure 4-1: C4 CMTS Front Access Panels
Power Panel
Access to Modules
Air Filter Modules
Fan Modules Access to Power Panel
Figure 4-2 shows the LEDs and power switches for Buses A and B. The system alarm and power indicator LEDs are in the middle of this panel.
Figure 4-2: LED and Power Bus Switches
Power Protection Description
The C4 CMTS chassis power configuration consists of three levels of protection:
• A and B power feeds controlled by circuit breaker in the PCM • Internal chassis branch fuses located in the PCM
• Fuses located on the front modules (These fuses are not field replace-able)
The C4 CMTS must be installed only by trained service personnel who are familiar with the precautions required when working in a –48V DC power delivery environment. Power requirements are listed in C4 CMTS Specifi-cations on page 3-4.
A and B Power Feeds Power is supplied to the C4 CMTS via A and B feeds located at the rear of
the unit. The power feeds are protected by two 70-amp breakers located on the rear of the chassis, shown in Figure 4-3. This is the first level of
ON OFF/ FAIL CRITICAL MAJOR POWER MINOR SYSTEM ALARMS ON OFF/ FAIL ON OFF/ FAIL A B C D A B C D
4
C4 CMTS Power RequirementsThey also serve as the master disconnect switch for the unit. The breakers protect the high current-carrying cables within the C4 CMTS and the power connectors located at the rear of the unit.
Figure 4-3: C4 CMTS Power Feeds (chassis rear)
Breaker switch for Power Module B
Breaker switch for Power Module A
POWER