KPI Definition

(1)

KPI definition

(2)

Course Content

KPI definition

Performance monitoring

Air interface optimization

Traffic monitoring

(3)

Module Objectives

• Describe the principles of 3G optimization

• Give an overview about the performance measurements and new

features offered by RU30

• Discuss the purpose of the most important KPIs (setup, access,

drop, mobility and throughput performance) and the factors impacting

them

(4)

KPI Definition

Principles of 3G network optimization

Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification

KPI construction

(5)

Principles of 3G network optimization

Optimization strategy

Quality & Key Performance

Performance

indicators

RAN

parameters

Counters

(OSS/NetAct)

RRM/Field/installation

_{Cell Coverage}

Cell Capacity

Radio/Signaling

capabilities

Transmission

capacity

Core/Mobility

performance

HW

capability

(6)

Target issues for optimizations are e.g.

To achieve coverage and capacity RAN improvements by tuning of

interference situations within the network

Therefore check RRM to ensure that the RAN offers planned coverage for

each targeted service



Evaluate high capacity i.e. low blocking for new calls and handovers



Observe network performance by overall counters (NetAct, RNC counters)



Define quality indicators and compare KPI’s by triggering points



Check overall Quality of Service at RAN, transmission and core



Optimize the use of available capacity by priorities

Continuously monitoring/adjusting how the available resources are used in

accordance with user requests !

Optimization strategy

(7)

Key performance indicator improvement

Performance evaluation

Failure causes

Event /

Action item

P

ERFORMANCE

Targets

C

OUNTER

D

escriptive statistics

Key

P

erformance indicator

Signaling / Traffic RT/NRT

RRC / RAB / CORE

C

OUNTER

statistics

Targets

fulfilled ?

_Evaluation

Failure causes

Uu / WBTS /

AAL2 / RNC

Indication

KPI

Targets

Event / Action item /

improvement

No activities

Optimisation

Signaling / user plane

Principles of 3G network optimization

(8)

Operator can define several KPIs:



Blocking rate (e.g. for RRC 0.5%, RT RAB 1%, NRT RAB 0.1%, PS session 5%)



Call drop rate (e.g. for RT RAB 0.5%, NRT RAB 2%)



Handover success rate (e.g. for SHO 95%, for ISHO 80%)

Report statistics generated by vendor MML commands (WBTS, RNC)

Evaluated for accessibility, retainability, usage, mobility and integrity (BLER)

Graphical representation of statistics (e.g. NetAct Report Suite)

In addition reporting and monitoring by probes

Principles of 3G network optimization

(9)

100%

*

KPI



Number_of_

_{Number_of_}

events_wit

_{all_events}

h_desired_

_{(e.g.all_c}

result(e.g

_{all_setup_}

.successfu

_attempts)

l_call_set

ups)



KPI counts events



Operator must specify target value to

evaluate performance



Limited qualitative analysis only, as no

detailed failure causes



Arithmetic mean only, but no discussion

of statistical scatter

Principles of 3G network optimization

(10)

The KPIs to be monitored for the RAN could be e.g.



Cell availability



Call Setup Success Rate CSSR



Packet session setup success rate (NRT, HSDPA, HSUPA)



Call Drop rate



SHO / ISHO / HSPA serving cell change success rate

In NOLS



WCDMA RAN Key Performance Indicators



RNC counter description



NetAct data base description for RNC measurements



Key Performance Indicator Changes



Measurement Changes

Principles of 3G network optimization

(11)

KPI Definition

Principles of 3G network optimization

Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification

KPI construction

(12)

BS

RNC

_{3G MSC}

3G SGSN

GGSN

Firewall

FMT

GPRS

Backbone

Internet

PS data

server

PSTN

CS data

server

Modem

RAN KPI

Principles of performance measurements

RAN KPI classification – according functionality

The RAN KPI can be classified into the following categories



Accessibility



Retainability



Usage



Mobility

(13)

Relocation

RNC1

SRNC

UE

BTS2

BTS1

RNC2

DRNC

Accessibility:

RRC Setup & Access Rate

RAB Setup & Access Rate

Call Setup Success Rate

X

Retainability:

RRC Drop Rate

RAB Drop Rate

Mobility:

SHO Success Rate

SHO Overhead

Usage:

Average UL Load

Average DL Load

X

Pre-emption

Principles of performance measurements

(14)

RNC radio network counter

# 1xxx

W-BTS counter (HSPA, CE, CQI)

#

50xx / 51xx

AXC counter

#

52xx

RNC PDH counter

#

1xx

RNC signalling counter (SCCP)

#

2xx

RNC ATM /IP transport counter

#

5xx/8xx

RNC DSP counter

#

6xx

RNC multi-controller counter

(CPU)

# 2xxx

Principles of performance measurements

(15)

M1000 Cell resource

M1001 Service level

M1002 Traffic

M1003 L3 signaling at Iu

M1004 L3 signaling at Iur

M1005 L3 signaling at Iub

M1006 RRC signaling

M1007 Soft handover

M1008 Intra-system hard handover

M1009 L3 relocation signaling

M1010 Inter-system handover

M1011 Location services

M1012 Service area broadcast

M1013 Autodef SHO

M1014 Autodef IFHO

M1015 Autodef ISHO

M1016 RCPM OLPC

M1017 RCPM RLC

M1018 RCPM UEQ

M1021 Iu-PC Interface

M1022 Packet call

M1023 Cell throughput

M1024 RCPM OLPC WCEL

M1025 RCPM OLPC RNC

M1026 RCPM RLC WCEL

M1027 RCPM RLC RNC

M1028 Autodef SHO DSR

M1031 WBTS Resource

M1032 CS Voice HSPA User Plane

M1033 CPICH Quality (E

_C

/I

₀

and RSCP statistics)

New counters and performance measurements RU30

RNC radio network part

measurements with new counters

(16)

New counters and performance measurements RU30

M5000 HSPA in WBTS Measurement

M5001 WBTS HW Resource Measurement

M5002 Cell Throughput in WBTS Measurement

M5003 Frame Protocol in WBTS Measurement

M5004 Signaling Load in WBTS Measurement

M5005 HSPA in WBTS Extension Measurement (number of DC HSPA users, PIC state)

M5006 WBTS R99 HW Measurement (CE for R99 and AMR over HSPA)

M5101 FTM PDH Interface Measurement

M5102 FTM SDH Interface Measurement

M5105 FTM ATM Interface Measurement

M5106 FTM ATM VC Connection Measurement

M5107 FTM ATM VC Connection Measurement

M5110 FTM Ethernet Link Measurement

M5113 FTM Pseudowire MPLS Measurement

M5114 FTM PSN Tunnel IP Measurement

W-BTS part

measurements with new counters

(17)

New counters and performance measurements RU30

M5115 AAL2 Scheduling Performance in BTS Measurement

M5116 FTM Timing over Packet Measurement

M5117 FTM IP Statistics Measurement

M5118 FTM PHB Statistics Measurement

M5119 FTM CES over PSN Interface Measurement

M5120 FTM CES over PSN pseudowire tunnel Measurement

M5121 FTM CES over PSN Pseudowire Measurement

M5122 FTM IPSec Measurement

M5123 FTM VLAN PHB Statistics Measurement

M5124 FTM VLAN IP Statistics Measurement

M5125 FTM VLAN Statistics Measurement

M5126 FTM TWAMP Statistics Measurement

M5127 PPP Multi Link Statistics Measurement

M5128 PPP Single Link Statistics Measurement

W-BTS part

measurements with new counters

(18)

New counters and performance measurements RU30

RNC transport and HW part

measurements with new counters

new measurements

145 PDH Statistics

208 MTP Signalling link availability

209 MTP signalling link performance

210 MTP signalling link utilization

211 MTP signalling point status

212 MTP Signalling link set and route set availability

213 MTP Signalling traffic report of signalling points

214 MTP Signalling traffic report of user parts

215 MTP matrix signalling traffic

216 SCCP signalling point

217 SCCP subsystem

218 SCCP local subsystem availability

219 SCCP single meters

513 STM-1 Interface

514 IMA Logical Interface

516 SONET/SDH Protection Group meas

528 ATM layer performance

529 ATM Virtual Path Connection

530 ATM Virtual Channel Connection

531 ATM Route Load

532 ATM Interface

533 ATM VCC Bundle

546 SAAL signalling protocol at UNI

547 AAL5 Protocol Measurement in DMX

548 AAL2 signalling protocol at UNI

549 AAL5 Protocol Meas. in CHORUS

(19)

New counters and performance measurements RU30

RNC transport and HW part

measurements with new counters

new measurements

550 AAL2 path CAC resource

552 AAL2 signalling at NNI

553 AAL2 Scheduling Performance in RNC

563 TCP/IP Protocol

564 Ethernet Interface Performance

565 IP measurement on IP interface

566 UDP measurement on IP interface

567 IP QoS measurement

568 IP Based Route measurement

592 Unit Load

594 WAC overload control

608 Availability Performance

609 DSP service statistics

610 L2 Resource Utilization (multi-controller)

612 DSP state changes

615 DSP Resource Utilization

617 DSP load

661 M3UA Association Set

800 AAL2 Resource Reservation

801 Iu-PS Performance

802 RNC capacity usage

803 RNC RTP/RTCP

804 RNC IP CAC

2002

CPU Usage (multi-controller)

2004

Networking Logical (multi-controller)

2007

Node Level CPU load (multi-controller)

(20)

Performance monitoring

Feature Number

Automatic object list update

RAN1438

User management for online monitoring

RAN2290

Principles of performance measurements

(21)

Principles of performance measurements

New HW and SW features in RU30

Frequency domain equalizer

RAN1702

HSUPA interference cancellation receiver

RAN1308

Dynamic HSDPA BLER

RAN2171

Multi band load balancing and blind inter-frequency HO

RAN2172

Enhanced serving cell change

RAN1911

Dual cell HSDPA with MIMO and 64QAM

RAN1907

4Rx diversity

RAN1269

MIMO and 64QAM

RAN1912

Flexi 3 sector RF module 1900 MHz

RAN1575

HS Cell_FACH on DL

RAN1637

New Feature

RAN

(22)

KPI Definition

Principles of 3G network optimization

Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification

KPI construction

- KPI Factors

- Access and setup

- Drop (Retainability)

-

Mobility

(23)

IMPACT of network

performance

BTS, RNC, PS Core, CS

Core performance

Performance of UE and

field measurement tools

Quality of network

implementation

Application servers, IP

backbone performance

Quality of network operation

and maintenance

KPI factors

(24)

KPI factors

Factors affecting KPIs

Many factors and network elements can affect network performance, e.g.



Quality of network equipment, both hardware and software (BTS, RNC, PS and CS

core, transmission equipment)



Performance of UE and field measurement tools (inter-operability, sensitivity of

measurement parameters, level of accuracy)



Quality of network planning and optimization (coverage, interference, parameter

tuning, capacity dimensioning, site acquisition)



Quality of network implementation (site and network equipment installation,

integration and commissioning)



Quality of network operation and maintenance



Multi-vendor environment (application servers, IP backbone, core versus RAN)



Measurement method (test setup, service dependency, cluster or system level,

clutter type)

(25)

Server

RNC

W-BTS

UE

Power control

RACH process

UE power consumption

UE power spiking

UE Sensitivity

UE Measurement performance

Cell reselection

SHO

Relocation

Inter-RAT mobility

UE IP configuration

Support of robust IP

header compression

KPI factors

UE impact on performance

UE feature support

Cell_PCH

64 QAM

MIMO

(26)

KPI factors

UE impact on performance

The functionalities of different UEs are not similar, there are differences in



Power control and RACH process



SRNC relocation support



Cell FACH/PCH performance



Cell reselection and inter-RAT mobility



Throughput (e.g. during SHO)



UE power consumption



UE power spiking



UE Measurement performance (cell reselection, Cell_DCH, ISHO)



UE Sensitivity



Data card throughput

(27)

KPI Definition

Principles of 3G network optimization

Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification

KPI construction

- KPI Factors

- Access and setup

- Drop (Retainability)

-

Mobility

(28)

UE

RRC: Connection Request

RRC Connection Setup phase

Resource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission

RRC: Connection Setup

RRC Connection Access phase

RNC waits reply from UE

RRC: Connection Setup Complete

BTS

RNC

CN

KPI construction – RRC setup

Definition RRC connection (service level measurements M1001)

RRC setup

success rate

(29)

ion_setups

ce_connect

or_RRC_voi

attempts_f

on_setups

e_connecti

f_RRC_voic

failures_o

ion_setups

ce_connect

or_RRC_voi

attempts_f

te

success_ra

RRC_setup_





KPI construction – RRC setup

RRC setup success rate (voice)

REP = repetitive attempt due to

RRC connection reject

NOT treated as fault, if user

finally gets service

REL = cell reselection during setup

UE does not respond to RNC in 1

st

_cell

But requests service again in 2

nd

_cell

Emergency calls redirected to GSM

RG_CALL

TP_REJ_EME

RRC_CONN_S

L_MT_CONV

RRC_ACC_RE

L_MO_CONV

RRC_ACC_RE

Y

L_EMERGENC

RRC_ACC_RE

Y

P_EMERGENC

RRC_ATT_RE

P_MT_CONV

RRC_ATT_RE

P_MO_CONV

RRC_ATT_RE

CALL_ATTS

EMERGENCY_

ALL_ATTS

MTC_CONV_C

ALL_ATTS

MOC_CONV_C

Σ

L_MT_CONV

RRC_ACC_RE

L_MO_CONV

RRC_ACC_RE

Y

L_EMERGENC

RRC_ACC_RE

CALL_FAILS

EMERGENCY_

CALL_ATTS

EMERGENCY_

ALL_FAILS

MTC_CONV_C

ALL_ATTS

MTC_CONV_C

ALL_FAILS

MOC_CONV_C

ALL_ATTS

MOC_CONV_C

Σ

te

success_ra

RRC_setup_

















(30)

PR_SIGN

L_MT_HIGH_

RRC_ACC_RE

-PR_SIGN

L_MO_HIGH_

RRC_ACC_RE

L_MT_BACKG

RRC_ACC_RE

L_MT_INTER

RRC_ACC_RE

L_MO_BACKG

RRC_ACC_RE

L_MO_INTER

RRC_ACC_RE

P_MT_BACKG

RRC_ATT_RE

P_MO_BACKG

RRC_ATT_RE

PR_SIGN

P_MT_HIGH_

RRC_ATT_RE

-PR_SIGN

P_MO_HIGH_

RRC_ATT_RE

P_MT_INTER

RRC_ATT_RE

P_MO_INTER

RRC_ATT_RE

CALL_ATTS

MTC_BACKG_

CALL_ATTS

MTC_INTER_

ATTS

RIOR_SIGN_

MTC_HIGH_P

ATTS

RIOR_SIGN_

MOC_HIGH_P

CALL_ATTS

MOC_BACKG_

CALL_ATTS

MOC_INTER_

Σ

PR_SIGN

L_MT_HIGH_

RRC_ACC_RE

PR_SIGN

L_MO_HIGH_

RRC_ACC_RE

L_MT_BACKG

RRC_ACC_RE

L_MT_INTER

RRC_ACC_RE

L_MO_BACKG

RRC_ACC_RE

L_MO_INTER

RRC_ACC_RE

FAILS

RIOR_SIGN_

MTC_HIGH_P

-ATTS

RIOR_SIGN_

MTC_HIGH_P

FAILS

RIOR_SIGN_

MOC_HIGH_P

-ATTS

RIOR_SIGN_

MOC_HIGH_P

CALL_FAILS

MTC_BACKG_

CALL_ATTS

MTC_BACKG_

CALL_FAILS

MTC_INTER_

CALL_ATTS

MTC_INTER_

CALL_FAILS

MOC_BACKG_

CALL_ATTS

MOC_BACKG_

CALL_FAILS

MOC_INTER_

CALL_ATTS

MOC_INTER_

Σ

te

success_ra

RRC_setup_

























KPI construction – RRC setup

RRC setup success rate (NRT)

Analogue to voice

Includes interactive, background and high priority signaling services

Does not include emergency calls

(31)

KPI construction – RRC setup

RRC setup success rate (example)

Typical target for RRC setup success rate 99.5%

(32)

RRC: Initial Direct Transfer (service request)

RANAP: Initial UE Message

Direct transfer (Call Proceeding)

RANAP: RAB Assignment

Request

RRC: Radio Bearer Setup

RRC: Radio Bearer Setup Complete

RAB Connection Setup phase

Resource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission

RANAP: RAB Assignment

Response

Direct transfer (Alerting)

Direct transfer (Connect)

Direct transfer (Connect Acknowledge)

RAB Connection Access phase

RNC waits reply from UE

UE

BTS

RNC

CN

KPI construction – RAB setup

Definition RAB connection (service level measurements M1001)

RAB setup

success rate

(33)

KPI construction – RAB setup

RAB setup success rate (voice)

shments

AB_establi

or_voice_R

attempts_f

ments

_establish

_voice_RAB

successful

te

success_ra

RAB_setup_



T_CS_VOICE

RAB_STP_AT

E

MP_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACC_CO

te

success_ra

RAB_setup_





(34)

KPI construction – RAB setup

RAB setup success rate (NRT)

Analogue to voice

Includes interactive and background services

High priority signaling services have on RAB level traffic class background

T_PS_BACKG

RAB_STP_AT

T_PS_INTER

RAB_STP_AT

G

MP_PS_BACK

RAB_ACC_CO

R

MP_PS_INTE

RAB_ACC_CO

te

success_ra

RAB_setup_











(35)

KPI construction – RAB setup

RAB setup success rate (example)

Typical target for voice RAB setup success rate 99%

(36)

KPI construction – RAB setup

RAB setup success rate (example)

Typical target for NRT RAB setup success rate 99.9%

(37)

shments

AB_establi

or_voice_R

attempts_f

ments

_establish

_voice_RAB

successful

*

ion_setups

ce_connect

or_RRC_voi

attempts_f

on_setups

e_connecti

f_RRC_voic

failures_o

ion_setups

ce_connect

or_RRC_voi

attempts_f

AMR_CSSR





CSSR = RRC setup SR *

RAB setup SR

RRC: Connection Request

RRC: Connection Setup

UE

RNC

+

Core

UE

Both setup phases

must be successful

RRC: Connection Setup

Complete

Service Request

RANAP RAB assignment

Procedure between core

and RNC

KPI construction – call setup success rate

(38)

KPI construction – call setup success rate



Poor coverage or dominance or interference issues in radio interface



Capacity issues in radio or Iub interface



Configuration issues in WBTS (parameters or HW)

CSSR covers all the following steps



Initial RRC connection request of the UE to the network



RRC setup phase



RAB setup phase, until user data is starting to get transferred

(39)

UE

RRC: Capacity Request

PS Session Setup phase

Resource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission

RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration

PS Session Access phase

RNC waits reply from UE

RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete

BTS

RNC

KPI construction – packet session setup

Definition packet session setup (packet call measurements M1022)

PS session setup

success rate

UE in Cell_FACH or with DCH 0/0

(40)

s

allocation

or_PS_DCH_

attempts_f

locations

_PS_DCH_al

successful

PS_SSSR



RAB established

PS decides about Cell_DCH or Cell_FACH

KPI construction – packet session setup

R99 packet session setup success rate

100%

*

_DCH_BGR

PS_ATT_DCH

+

_DCH_INT

PS_ATT_DCH

D_ALLO_BGR

D_D_REQ_D_

+

D_ALLO_INT

D_D_REQ_D_

PS_SSSR





Request in DL: DCH

Allocated in DL: DCH

Request in UL: DCH

Allocated in UL: DCH

(41)

KPI construction – packet session setup

R99 packet session setup success rate (example)

Typical target for packet session SSR 90% / 95% for data rate > / ≤ 64 kbps

(42)







R

SCH_DCH_BG

PS_ATT_HSD

+

T

SCH_DCH_IN

PS_ATT_HSD

RE

SCH_DCH_ST

PS_ATT_HSD

GR

SCH_EDCH_B

PS_ATT_HSD

+

NT

SCH_EDCH_I

PS_ATT_HSD

TRE

SCH_EDCH_S

PS_ATT_HSD

GR

S_D_ALLO_B

HS_D_REQ_H

+

NT

S_D_ALLO_I

HS_D_REQ_H

TRE

S_D_ALLO_S

HS_D_REQ_H

GR

S_D_ALLO_B

HS_E_REQ_H

NT

S_D_ALLO_I

HS_E_REQ_H

TRE

S_D_ALLO_S

HS_E_REQ_H

GR

S_E_ALLO_B

HS_E_REQ_H

+

NT

S_E_ALLO_I

HS_E_REQ_H

TRE

S_E_ALLO_S

HS_E_REQ_H

p_SS

HSPDA_Setu

ns

_allocatio

or_HS_DSCH

attempts_f

llocations

_HS_DSCH_a

successful

p_SR

HSDPA_Setu



RAB established

PS decides about HS-DSCH, DCH or FACH

KPI construction – packet session setup

HSDPA session setup success rate

Three combinations

• HSDPA + HSUPA requested → both allocated

• HSDPA + HSUPA requested → at least HSDPA allocated

• HSDPA requested only → HSDPA allocated

KPI contains streaming, interactive and background service

An analogue KPI for conversational service does not exist

(43)

KPI construction – packet session setup

HSDPA session setup success rate (example)

Typical target for HSDPA session setup success rate 90%

(44)







GR

SCH_EDCH_B

PS_ATT_HSD

+

NT

SCH_EDCH_I

PS_ATT_HSD

TRE

SCH_EDCH_S

PS_ATT_HSD

GR

S_E_ALLO_B

HS_E_REQ_H

+

NT

S_E_ALLO_I

HS_E_REQ_H

TRE

S_E_ALLO_S

HS_E_REQ_H

p_SS

HSUPA_Setu

tions

DCH_alloca

or_E

attempts_f

tions

DCH_alloca

_E

successful

p_SR

HSUPA_Setu





RAB established

PS decides about HS-DSCH, E-DCH, DCH or FACH

KPI construction – packet session setup

HSUPA session setup success rate

One combination only

HSDPA + HSUPA requested → both allocated

(45)

KPI construction – packet session setup

HSUPA session setup success rate (example)

(46)

KPI Definition

Principles of 3G network optimization

Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification

KPI construction

- KPI Factors

- Access and setup

- Drop (Retainability)

-

Mobility

(47)

Radio link drop

Soft drop, RRC or RAB connection might still survive

UE

BTS

RNC

CN

KPI construction – call drop rate

Types of drops

RRC drop

Hard drop, all RAB drop as well

RAB drop

Hard drop, but RRC connection might still survive

(48)

ures

ue_to_fail

releases_d

eases

normal_rel

ures

ue_to_fail

releases_d

CDR



_

KPI construction – call drop rate

Call drop rate (service level measurements M1001)

Dropped calls = calls which do not terminate due to one of the following reasons

• Normal release

• Relocation

• Preemption

Possible causes for call drops are e.g.

• Lack of coverage

• Interference

• SHO failure

• Missing neighbor

• Relocation failure

(49)

E_UE

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

E_RNC

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

E_IUR

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

E_BTS

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

E_RADIO

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

E_IU

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

_GANHO

L_CS_VOICE

RAB_ACT_RE

_ISHO

L_CS_VOICE

RAB_ACT_RE

_HHO

L_CS_VOICE

RAB_ACT_RE

_P_EMP

L_CS_VOICE

RAB_ACT_RE

_SRNC

L_CS_VOICE

RAB_ACT_RE

E

MP_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_CO

Σ

E_UE

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

E_RNC

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

E_IUR

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

E_BTS

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

E_RADIO

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

E_IU

IL_CS_VOIC

RAB_ACT_FA

_P_EMP

L_CS_VOICE

RAB_ACT_RE

Σ

CDR_voice





KPI construction – call drop rate

Call drop rate for voice

KPI considers cell where call terminates

Call might have been started in another cell

Preemption treated as drop, as user looses service

Normal release

Relocation / preemption

IFHO

ISHO to GSM / WLAN

Drops

Preemption

(50)

KPI construction – call drop rate

Call drop rate for voice (example)

Typical target for voice call drop rate 0.5%

(51)

KPI construction – call drop rate

Call drop rate for NRT

No preemption for NRT calls

No inter-RAT mobility considered for NRT calls

KPI considers drop of active RAB only

If non active RAB drops, both standard failure counters and

RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_XX_PCH counters are updated

Normal release

Relocation

Drops

Drops interactive

G_UE

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

R_UE

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

G_RNC

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

R_RNC

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

G_IUR

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

R_IUR

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

G_BTS

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

R_BTS

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

G_RADIO

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

R_RADIO

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

G_IU

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

R_IU

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

_SRNC

L_PS_BACKG

RAB_ACT_RE

_SRNC

L_PS_INTER

RAB_ACT_RE

G

MP_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_CO

R

MP_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_CO

R_PCH

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

G_PCH

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

G_UE

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

G_RNC

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

G_IUR

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

G_BTS

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

G_RADIO

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

G_IU

IL_PS_BACK

RAB_ACT_FA

R_UE

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

R_RNC

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

R_IUR

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

R_BTS

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

R_RADIO

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

R_IU

IL_PS_INTE

RAB_ACT_FA

CDR_NRT













Drops background

Drops în Cell/URA_PCH

(52)

KPI construction – call drop rate

Call drop rate for NRT (example)

Typical target for NRT call drop rate 2%

(53)

o_failures

ases_due_t

HSDPA_rele

s

PA_release

normal_HSD

s

PA_release

normal_HSD

ion_SR

HSDPA_sess



_

ion_SR

HSDPA_sess

1 _rate

HSDPA_drop





KPI construction – call drop rate

HSDPA retainability (traffic measurements M1002)

HSDPA retainability deals with transition from HS-DSCH to DCH or FACH,

not with release of HS RAB

Causes for normal transitions are

• Inactivity

• Preemption

• Mobility to non HS cell

If a failure occurs, the RNC tries to shift the user to Cell_FACH, i.e. to

keep the RRC and RAB connection running

(54)

DSCH_BGR

L_FAIL_HS_

REL_ALLO_R

DSCH_INT

L_FAIL_HS_

REL_ALLO_R

DSCH_BGR

TH_FAIL_HS

REL_ALLO_O

DSCH_INT

TH_FAIL_HS

REL_ALLO_O

H_BGR

ORM_HS_DSC

REL_ALLO_N

H_INT

ORM_HS_DSC

REL_ALLO_N

Σ

H_BGR

ORM_HS_DSC

REL_ALLO_N

H_INT

ORM_HS_DSC

REL_ALLO_N

Σ

ion_SR

HSDPA_sess





KPI construction – call drop rate

HSDPA retainability

Two types of failure counter given only

• Radio link failure

• Other failure

An analogue KPI can be defined for streaming service

An analogue KPI for conversional service does not exist

(55)

KPI construction – call drop rate

HSDPA retainability

Typical target for HSDPA drop rate 1%

HSDPA usually more robust than R99 as more power available for

the radio link

(56)

KPI Definition

Principles of 3G network optimization

Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification

KPI construction

- KPI Factors

- Access and setup

- Drop (Retainability)

-

Mobility

(57)

UE

RRC: Measurement Report (Event 1A / 1B / 1C)

Setup phase

Resource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission

(only Event 1A / 1C)

RRC: Active Set Update

Access phase

RNC waits reply from UE

RRC: Active Set Update Complete

BTS

RNC

KPI construction – SHO success rate

Definition SHO success rate (SHO measurements M1007)

(58)

_1c

t_requests

replacemen

sts_1b

drop_reque

equests_1a

addition_r

t_updates

_active_se

successful

s_rate

SHO_succes



_

CELL A

CELL B

CELL C

KPI construction – SHO success rate

SHO success rate

KPI checks reliability of SHO only

Problems like cell overlap or specific adjacencies discussed later

Attempt and success counted in

all source cells

(59)

FOR_NRT

EQ_ON_SHO_

CELL_DEL_R

_FOR_NRT

REQ_ON_SHO

CELL_REPL_

FOR_NRT

EQ_ON_SHO_

CELL_ADD_R

FOR_RT

EQ_ON_SHO_

CELL_DEL_R

_FOR_RT

REQ_ON_SHO

CELL_REPL_

FOR_RT

EQ_ON_SHO_

CELL_ADD_R

FOR_NRT

ES_ON_SHO_

SUCC_UPDAT

FOR_RT

ES_ON_SHO_

SUCC_UPDAT

s_Rate

SHO_Succes











KPI construction – SHO success rate

SHO success rate

Number of successful active set updates in comparison to

initial

addition /

deletion / replacement requests

Periodic reports are excluded (can occur e.g. in case of busy RNC not reacting

immediately to initial request)

(60)

KPI construction – SHO success rate

SHO success rate (example)

NRT

RT

Typical target for SHO success rate 95%

(61)

UE

RRC: Measurement Report (Event 1F)

RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration

RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete

BTS

RNC

KPI construction – ISHO success rate

Definition ISHO success rate (ISHO measurements M1010)

ISHO

success

rate

UE put into

compressed mode

RRC: Measurement Control

RRC: Measurement Report

RxLev

measurements

RRC: Measurement Control

RRC: Measurement Report

BSIC verification

MSC

RANAP Relocation required

RANAP Relocation command

RRC: HO from UTRAN Command

ISHO

attempt

(62)

ISHO divided into two phases

• Inter-system measurements

• Inter-system handover execution

• Attempt and success counted in

all source cells

RT and NRT ISHO differ in nature

Counter and KPI are implemented separately for RT and NRT

In case of multi-RAB with at least one RT RAB counted as RT ISHO

ISHO may fail due to e.g.

• Missing target cell

• Target cell has not enough coverage

• Target cell strongly interfered

• Configuration problem

or_ISHOs

attempts_f

_ISHOs

successful

ss_rate

ISHO_succe



KPI construction – ISHO success rate

(63)

KPI construction – ISHO success rate

ISHO per trigger

Attempt and success not only counted per RT / NRT, but also per trigger

• UL SIR

_Target

• UL UE power (event 6A)

• DL RL power

• CPICH RSCP (event 1F)

• CPICH E

_c

/I

₀

(event 1F)

• IMSI based

• Emergency call

• Load based RTWP

• Load based TCP

• Load based HW / logical resources

• Load based code resources

(64)

RT

ELL_BLOCK_

ATT_ISHO_C

WN_RT

ELL_SHUTDO

ATT_ISHO_C

AMR_RT

ATT_GANHO_

S_RT

_UL_DCH_WP

IS_HHO_ATT

_SB_RT

IS_HHO_ATT

C_RT

_LB_RSVR_S

IS_HHO_ATT

M_RT

_LB_RES_LI

IS_HHO_ATT

T_RT

_LB_PTX_TO

IS_HHO_ATT

T_RT

_LB_PRX_TO

IS_HHO_ATT

L_RT

_LB_CAPA_U

IS_HHO_ATT

L_RT

_LB_CAPA_D

IS_HHO_ATT

L

_EMERG_CAL

IS_HHO_ATT

_IM_IMS_RT

IS_HHO_ATT

O_RT

_CPICH_ECN

IS_HHO_ATT

P_RT

_CPICH_RSC

IS_HHO_ATT

RT

_DPCH_PWR_

IS_HHO_ATT

R_RT

_UE_TRX_PW

IS_HHO_ATT

RT

_UL_DCH_Q_

IS_HHO_ATT

_RT

CELL_BLOCK

SUCC_ISHO_

OWN_RT

CELL_SHUTD

SUCC_ISHO_

_AMR_RT

SUCC_GANHO

O_WPS_RT

SUCC_IS_HH

O_SB_RT

SUCC_IS_HH

SC_RT

O_LB_RSVR_

SUCC_IS_HH

IM_RT

O_LB_RES_L

SUCC_IS_HH

OT_RT

O_LB_PTX_T

SUCC_IS_HH

OT_RT

O_LB_PRX_T

SUCC_IS_HH

UL_RT

O_LB_CAPA_

SUCC_IS_HH

DL_RT

O_LB_CAPA_

SUCC_IS_HH

LL

O_EMERG_CA

SUCC_IS_HH

T

O_IM_IMS_R

SUCC_IS_HH

NO_RT

O_CPICH_EC

SUCC_IS_HH

CP_RT

O_CPICH_RS

SUCC_IS_HH

PWR_RT

O_DL_DPCH_

SUCC_IS_HH

WR_RT

O_UE_TRX_P

SUCC_IS_HH

_RT

O_UL_DCH_Q

SUCC_IS_HH

Σ

ss_RT

ISHO_Succe









KPI construction – ISHO success rate

ISHO success rate RT

Analogue for NRT

For NRT no ISHO of emergency call, of WPS user and no ISHO to GAN

Attempt counter updated, if

measurements successful, i.e.

GSM cell with sufficient RxLev

and readable BSIC available

Success counter updated, if

relocation from RNC to BSC

successful

(65)

NRT

RT

KPI construction – ISHO success rate

ISHO success rate (example)

Typical target for ISHO success rate 90%/80% for RT/NRT

(66)

UE

RRC: Measurement Report (e.g. Ec/Io)

NBAP Radio Link Reconfiguration Procedure

BTS

Source

BTS

Target

KPI construction – serving cell change success rate

Definition SCC success rate (intra-system HHO measurements M1008)

SCC

success

rate

RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration

RNC

NBAP Radio Link

Reconfiguration

Procedure

RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete

Setup phase

Resource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission

Access phase

(67)

ASON

D_OTHER_RE

SCC_STARTE

ET_UPD

D_ACTIVE_S

SCC_STARTE

RROR

D_UL_SIR_E

SCC_STARTE

NO

D_CPICH_EC

SCC_STARTE

SFUL

BTS_SUCCES

SCC_INTER_

SFUL

BTS_SUCCES

SCC_INTRA_

s_rate

SCC_succes





KPI construction – serving cell change success rate

Definition SCC success rate (intra-system HHO measurements M1008)

Attempt counted per trigger in source cell

• CPICH Ec/I0

• UL SIR error

• Active set update

• Other reason

Success counted in target cell

• Intra BTS target

(68)

KPI construction – serving cell change success rate

SCC success rate (example)

(69)

KPI Deifnition

Principles of 3G network optimization

Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification

KPI construction

- KPI Factors

- Access and setup

- Drop (Retainability)

-

Mobility

(70)

60 ATION

PERIOD_DUR

1000

8 _DATA_VOL

NRT_DCH_DL

RNC

at

Throughput

Average

d

-MAC

DL

NRT

R99







KPI construction – cell throughput

R99 throughput sent / received by RNC on DL / UL per

cell

(cell throughput measurements M1023)

Transmission of MAC-d PDUs over DCH

Counter give data volume in

byte

KPI give throughput in

Kbit/s

60 ATION

PERIOD_DUR

1000

8 _DATA_VOL

NRT_DCH_UL

RNC

at

Throughput

Average

d

-MAC

UL

NRT

R99







(71)

60 ATION

PERIOD_DUR

1000

8 TA_VOL

HS_DSCH_DA

RNC

at

Throughput

Average

d

-MAC

HSDPA







KPI construction – cell throughput

HSPA throughput sent / received by RNC on DL / UL per

cell

(cell throughput measurements M1023)

Transmission of MAC-d / MAC-es PDUs over HS-DSCH / E-DCH

Counter give data volume in

byte

KPI give throughput in

Kbit/s

60 ATION

PERIOD_DUR

1000

8 TA_VOL

SDPA_UL_DA

NRT_EDCH_H

RNC

at

Throughput

Average

es

-MAC

HSUPA







(72)

60 ATION

PERIOD_DUR

1000

S

S_MACD_BIT

RECEIVED_H

hroughput

Arriving_t







KPI construction – BTS throughput

HSDPA throughput arriving at / transmitted by

BTS

(HSPA in BTS measurements M5000)

60 ATION

PERIOD_DUR

1000

BITS

D_HS_MACD_

-DISCARDE

S

S_MACD_BIT

RECEIVED_H

ut

d_throughp

Transmitte







Arrival and transmission of MAC-d PDUs over HS-DSCH

Counter gives data volume in

Kbit

(73)

s

d_MACd_PDU

transmitte

number_of_

ions

etransmiss

y_with_n_r

d_correctl

s_delivere

f_MACd_PDU

1)number_o

(n

on_rate

Transmissi



n





Example

100 PDUs with no re-transmission

16 PDUs with 1 re-transmission

3 PDUs with 2 re-transmissions

1 PDU with 3 re-transmissions

**Transmission rate = (100 * 1 + 16 * 2 + 3 * 3 + 1 * 4) / (100 + 16 + 3 + 1)**

Transmission rate = 145 / 120 = 1.21

1.21 transmissions over the air for 1 PDU



21% re-transmission overhead

KPI construction – layer 1 re-transmission

(74)







QAM

_CODE_

RETRANS_

...

QAM

_CODE_

RETRANS_

QAM

_CODE_

RETRANS_

...

QAM

_CODE_

RETRANS_

_CODE_QPSK

RETRANS_

...

_CODE_QPSK

RETRANS_

QAM

_CODE_

_

ORIG_TRANS

...

QAM

_CODE_

_

ORIG_TRANS

QAM

_CODE_

_

ORIG_TRANS

...

QAM

_CODE_

_

ORIG_TRANS

_CODE_QPSK

_

ORIG_TRANS

...

_CODE_QPSK

_

ORIG_TRANS

_CL_

_RETR_DIST

MAC_HS_PDU

_CL_

_RETR_DIST

MAC_HS_PDU

_CL_

_RETR_DIST

MAC_HS_PDU

_CL_

_RETR_DIST

MAC_HS_PDU

_CL_

_RETR_DIST

MAC_HS_PDU

_CL_

_RETR_DIST

MAC_HS_PDU

on_rate

Transmissi

64

15

64

10

16

15

16

1

15

1

64

15

64

10

16

15

16

1

15

1

5

4

3

2

1

0 KPI construction – layer 1 re-transmission

Transmission rate

CL 0 = Number of packets with ACK immediately

CL 1..5 Number of packets with ACK after 1..5 re-transmissions

ORIGTRANS = number of packets with original data per number

of codes and modulation

RETRANS = number of packets with re-transmitted data per

number of codes and modulation

(75)

KPI construction – layer 1 re-transmission

Re-transmission overhead (example)

Typical target for re-transmission overhead 10%