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(1)

Asia 3R Conference

30 Oct – 1 Nov 06

Integrated Solid Waste Management in Singapore

National Environment Agency And

Ministry of the Environment & Water Resources Singapore

(2)

Ministry of Environment and Water Resources (MEWR)

National Environment Agency (NEA)

(3)

Integrated Solid Waste Management

ƒ Waste Collection

ƒ Waste Sorting, Recovery and Recycling

ƒ Waste Transfer Station

ƒ Waste Disposal (Incineration Plants, Sanitary Landfill)

ƒ Hazardous Substances and Toxic Waste Management

ƒ Cleaning of Public Areas

(4)

1970 2005

The Solid Waste Challenge

Waste Explosion

1,200 t/d 1,200 t/d

7,000 t/d 7,000 t/d

(5)

™All waste collected daily and disposed of

™90% incinerable waste and disposed of at 4 incineration plants

™10% non-incinerable waste and disposed of at Semakau

Offshore Sanitary Landfill

Solid Waste Management

Solid Waste Management

(6)

OK so far…..

But future?

(7)

™Small land area

™

One last sanitary landfill (an offshore landfill)

™Economic growth

™Population growth

™Rising affluence

™ High consumption pattern

™ Higher expectations

Challenges

Challenges

(8)

1970 Traditional Landfill 2005

Volume Reduction

Incineration Bottom Ash (IBA) Non-incinerable Waste

™ One IP every 5-7 years

™ One landfill (350 ha) every 25-30 years

Strategy 1 : Incineration

Strategy 1 : Incineration

(9)

Not sustainable, if we continue business as usual

™ One last sanitary landfill

™ High cost of building and operating IP

(10)

Sustainable Solution

Closing the Solid Waste Loop

Collection Disposal Collection Collection Disposal Disposal

Industry Consumers

Industry Industry Consumers Consumers MRF MRF

MRF ProcessProcessProcess ConvertConvertConvert Recycling

Recycling

(11)

Recycling of Industrial Waste Recycling of Industrial Waste

Horticultural waste Horticultural waste

Plastic waste Plastic waste Wood waste Wood waste Food waste Food waste

1970 2005 Traditional

Landfill

Strategy 2 : Recycling

Strategy 2 : Recycling

(12)

Wood Waste Recycling

Recycling of wood waste to produce

™ Office furniture

™ Home furniture

™ Pallets

Shredded Wood Waste

(13)

Plastic Waste Recycling

Plastic scraps

Plastic Pellets Heating and Extrusion

(14)

Recycling in Community Recycling in Community

Households Households Public Places Public Places

Schools Schools

1970 2005 Traditional

Landfill

Strategy 2 : Recycling

Strategy 2 : Recycling

(15)

™Recycling programme for households launched in 2001

™Collection of recyclable waste and refuse bundled in Public

Waste Collection contracts

™Door-to-door collection of recyclables every fortnight

National Recycling Programme

(16)

¾ Sorting in Material Recovery Facilities

™Paper

™Drink cans

™Glass bottles/jars

™Plastic bottles

™Carton boxes

™Clothing

National Recycling Programme

(17)

Recycling Bins at Public Places

™Shopping streets

™Institutions (schools, offices, etc)

™Food courts

™Housing estates

(18)

Recycling of non

Recycling of non--incinerable wasteincinerable waste

Construction & Demolition waste Construction & Demolition waste

Steel slag Steel slag

Reuse of IBA (under study) Reuse of IBA (under study)

Reduce Landfill

1970 2005 Traditional

Landfill

Strategy 3 : Reduce Waste To Landfill Strategy 3 : Reduce Waste To Landfill

TOWARDS ZERO LANDFILL TOWARDS ZERO LANDFILL

(19)

Construction & Demolition Waste

Recycling

(20)

™Lifespan of Semakau Landfill 25-30 years to 30-45 years

™Need for additional IP 5-7 years to 8-10 years

Outcome

Outcome

(21)

Reduce Landfill

1970 2005 Traditional

Landfill

Minimise

Minimise waste at sourcewaste at source Design with less packaging Design with less packaging

Use less packaging Use less packaging

Use packaging that can be Use packaging that can be

recycled recycled

Strategy 4 : Waste

Strategy 4 : Waste Minimisation Minimisation

TOWARDS ZERO WASTE

(22)

Collection

Collection

(23)

Domestic & Trade Premises Domestic & Trade Premises

™™ Collection service corporatisedCollection service corporatised in 1996in 1996

™™ Fully Fully privatisatedprivatisated collection service in collection service in Sep 01Sep 01

™™ Improve collection efficiency and service qualityImprove collection efficiency and service quality

Waste Collection System Waste Collection System

Industrial & Commercial Industrial & Commercial

Premises Premises

™™ By licensed general waste collectorsBy licensed general waste collectors

Medical Facilities Medical Facilities

™™ Separate collection and disposal by Separate collection and disposal by licensed toxic waste collectors

licensed toxic waste collectors

™™ Disposal at high temperature Disposal at high temperature biohazardous

biohazardous waste incineration waste incineration plants

plants

(24)

Privatisation

Privatisation of of

Refuse Collection Service Refuse Collection Service

Bedok Bedok Jurong

Jurong

Clementi

Clementi CityCity Tanglin

Tanglin--Bukit MerahBukit Merah

AngAng Mo Mo KioKio-- Toa Toa PayohPayoh

Hougang Hougang--

Punggol Punggol Woodlands

Woodlands-- Yishun Yishun

3

4 9

5 6

8

7

2

Pasir Ris Pasir Ris-- Tampines Tampines

1

(25)

Disposal

Disposal

(26)

™90% waste is disposed of by incineration

™Volume of waste is reduced by 90%

™Energy is recovered for electricity generation

™980 million kWh electricity generated per year

™2-3% of electricity demand for Singapore

™Scrap metal is recovered for recycling

™22,800 tonnes/year of scrap recovered

Incineration

Incineration

(27)

Incineration Plants

Senoko IP Senoko IP

Tuas Tuas South IP South IP

Tuas IP

Tuas IP UluUlu PandanPandan IPIP

(28)

Incineration Plants in Singapore Incineration Plants in Singapore

170 200

560 890

Construction Cost

(S$ millions)

4 units 5 units

6 units 6 units

Boiler / Incinerator

1100 1700

2400 3000

Designed Capacity (tonnes/day)

1979 1986

1992 2000

Year Built

Ulu Pandan Incineration

Plant Tuas

Incineration Plant

Senoko Incineration

Plant Tuas South

Incineration Plant

(29)

™600 tonnes/day non-incinerable waste

™1,400 tonnes/day incineration ash

™Commenced operation on 1 Apr 99

™Capacity : 63 million m3

™Area : 350 ha

™Cost : S$610 mil

Semakau

Semakau Landfill Landfill

(30)

Semakau Landfill

Semakau Semakau

Landfill Landfill TuasTuas Marine Marine

Transfer Station Transfer Station

(31)
(32)

Clean Public Areas

• Cleaning of Public Areas

• Expressways/Roads

• Roadside drains

• Pavements/Sidewalks

• Parks

• Other public areas

• Strict anti-littering law

(33)

Cleaning Public Areas

Mechanical road sweepers Pavement sweeper

Litter picking

(34)

Outcomes

• Refuse collected daily by Public Waste Collectors and properly disposed of by

incineration and landfill

• Streets and public places are clean

(35)

Recycling

Overall recycling rate gone up : 40% in 2000 to 49% in 2005

Outcomes

(36)

Year

WASTE OUTPUT WASTE OUTPUT

( DAILY AVERAGE 1970

( DAILY AVERAGE 1970 –– 2005 )2005 )

1,260

2,570

5,700

7,700

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Tonnes Per Day

2001

7,000

2005

(37)

Key to Sustainability

Involve the Community

to take

Ownership of the

Environment

(38)

Community Participation

• Involvement of 3P (Private, Public and People) Sectors

– Residents – Businesses – Schools

– Grassroots organizations – Government agencies

– NGOs

(39)

Approach

• Communication

• Engagement

• Empowerment

MISSION: “OWNERSHIP”

(40)

Community Participation

• Programs/Initiatives:

• Recycling Corners in Schools

• Environment Clubs

• Dialogue/feedback

• Community-led activities

• Products stewardship

• Recycling Day

• Clean & Green Week

Fun activities to teach recycling

(41)

Thank You

References

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