E
T 2006
. , . , . , . , . ,
.
,
µ
µ µµ ( )
µ µ 2006.
, µ
µ (PAHs),
µ (PCBs) µ . µ
µ ,
1,5 km µ µ µ
µ .
µ ap;o
µµ .
1.
µ µ µ
µ , .
µ
µ µ
µµ ( ) µ
2006.
, µ µ
(PAHs), µ (PCBs)
µ . µ
µµ , µ µµ ,
µ µ .
2.
2.1 µ
.1., µ µ
µ , µ
10 km ( 1).
µ µ
µ .
µ 34 km
,
. µ -
µ 29 -1 , µ
, µ .
µ ,
µ µ . ,
10 10 m, µ 9 µ
(30 30 cm) µ , µ
.
µ , µ 0-5
cm. , µ ( µ µµ
µ ) µ 1 1 m, µ
µ µ .
1. µ µ - .
/ µ ( 87) (°)
µ
1 . 23,04371 40,48358 /
2 23,04954 40,54901 /
3 µ 23,31681 40,68699 /
4 23,00876 40,49515 /
5 23,11985 40,48026 /
6 23,08229 40,48094 /
7 1,5 km 23,03349 40,44259 /
8 . 23,03006 40,43333 /
9 5 km 23,02635 40,41114 /
10 µ 23,04471 40,38799 /
11 23,04056 40,45576
: , :
2.2 - µ
µ , µ
µ µ ,
µ , (µ µ )
. µ µ (
µ <1 mm) µ µµ
µ , µ µ
. µ
µ 2.
2. - µ .
µ (PAHs)
̇ µ
̇ µ
̇ µ
̇
HPLC/FD
µ (PCBs)
̇ µ
̇ µ
̇ µ
GC/ECD
µ ̇ <40 µm
µ
ED-XRF
µ ( ),
µ µ , µ
. µ µ
Solanum Eleagnifolium
( µ ) µ
. , µ µ µ
, .
3.
3.1 µ (PAHs)
17 PAHs
µ µ
µ 1. µ , µ
µ PAHs, µ
µ 17 ( 17PAHs) 1475 µg kg-1 dw.
µ
17PAHs 11.20 µg kg-1 dw ( . ) µ 43.45 µg kg-1 dw ( .
), µ 12.00 µg kg-1 dw.
, µ
PAHs µ [1-4].
µ 1. PAHs
( PAHs: naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, triphenylene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[e]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, benzo[ghi]perylene, indeno[1,2,3- cd]pyrene, coronene).
µ - PAHs 1000 µg kg-
1 10 (Np, Ph, An, Fl, B[a]An,
Chry, B[k]Fl, B[a]Py, B[ghi]Pe, IPy),
4000 µg kg-1. Baden-
1 10 100 1000 10000
. µ
1,5 km . 5 km
µ
PAHs (µg kg-1 dw)
Wurttemberg µ 1500 µg kg-1.
.
, µ , µ 17
( 17PAHs) µ 14 µg kg-1 dw 5 km
µ 38.62 48.48 µg kg-1 dw . 1.5
km , . µ 21.85 km µg kg-1
dw. µ µ
[5-7].
3.2 µ (PCBs)
PCBs µ
µ µ 2.
µ µ
PCBs, µ µ 7 µ ( 7PCBs)
399 µg kg-1 dw. µ
7PCBs 4.02 µg kg-1 dw ( . ) µ 11.2
µg kg-1 dw ( ), µ 3.96 µg kg-1
dw. µ
µ
µ µ µ PCBs [1, 3, 8-13].
µ - PCBs (
µ #28, #52, #101, #118, #138, #153, #180) 20 µg kg-1, 1000 µg kg-1.
Baden-Wurttemberg µ 1500
µg kg-1.
.
, µ , 7PCBs µ 3.91 µg
kg-1 dw ( µ ) µ 25.9 µg
kg-1 dw . . µ
µ ,
[7, 13].
µ 2. PCBs
( PCBs: #28, #52, #101, #118, #153, #138, #180).
3.3 µ – µ
µ µ
µ µ
µ 3 4.
µ ( µ 5 6)
[14, 15].
µ , µ
µ µ , S, Cl,
Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Sn, Sb, Pb, . . µ
µ µ µ µ
µ . , µ
µ µ
, . . - µ - ( µ
5).
, µ ,
µ µ . , µ
µ µ µ
[15] , . . ( µ 6).
1 10 100 1000
. µ
1,5 km . 5 km
µ
PCBs ( µg kg-1 dw)
µ 3. µ µ
µ .
µ 4. µ µ
µ - µ - [14].
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Mg Al Si S Cl K Ca Ti
Mn Fe Zn Sr P V Cr Co Ni
Cu As Se Br Cd Sn Sb Te Pb
%
. µ
1,5 km E
5 km µ XETA
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Mg Al Si S Cl K Ca Ti
Mn Fe Zn Sr P V Cr Co Ni
Cu As Se Br Cd Sn Sb Te Pb
%
µ µ
µ
µ . µ
µ 5. µ µ
µ µ .
µ 6. µ µ
µ .
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Mg Al Si S Cl K Ca Ti Mn Fe Zn Sr P V Cr Co Ni Cu As Se Br Cd Sn Sb Te Pb
%
. µ
1,5 km . 5 km
µ
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Mg Al Si S Cl K Ca Ti
Mn Fe Zn Sr P V Cr Co Ni
Cu As Se Br Cd Sn Sb Te Pb
%
( , )
( , )
4.
µ µ
:
µ (PAHs,
PCBs µ ) µ .
µ
µ µ µ ,
µ µ µ
. .
µ µ ,
µ PAHs µ µ .
µ . . , µ
µ µ
, µ
. ,
, PAHs µ µ µ
µ µ µ . .
1.5 km ,
µ µ .
µ
PCBs µ µ µ .
, µ , µ
PCBs µ ,
µ .
, µ , 7PCBs µ
µ µ µ µ . µ
µ ,
.
5.
µ
. . . µ µ
:
« ) µ µ
µ µ µ
( µ .
, µ. / )
) – µ
µ ( µ . µ , .
. µ. µ . , . µ. )».
6.
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(2004). Profile analysis of organic micropollutants in the environment of a coal burning area, NW Greece. Chemosphere 55, 595-604.
2. Stalikas, C.D., Chaidon, C.J., Pilidis, G.A., (1197). Enrichment of PAHs and heavy metals in soils in the vicinity of the lignite-fired poer plants of West Macedonia (Greece). Sci. Total Environ. 204, 135-146.
3. Martens D., Balta-Brouma K., Brotscack R., Michaelke B., Schramel P., Klimm C., Henkelmann B., Oxynos K., Schramm KW., Diamadopoulos E. and kettrup A. (1998). Chemical impact of uncontrolled solid waste combustion to the vicinity of the Kouroupitos ravine, Crete, Greece. Chemosphere 36 (14), 2855- 2866.
4. A.M. Kipopoulou, E. Manoli and C. Samara (1999).
Bioconcentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetables grown in an industrial area. Environ. Pollution, 106, 369-380.
5. 5 Meharg, A.A., Wright, J., Dyke, H., Osborn D. (1998). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) dispersion and deposition to vegetation and soil following a large scale chemical fire. Environ.
Pollution 99, 29-36.
6. Bakker, M.I., Casado, B., Koerselman, J.W., Tolls, J., Kollöffel, C.
(2000). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil and plant samples from the vicinity of an oil refinery. Sci. Total Environ. 263, 91-100.
7. Müller, J.F., Hawker, D.W., McLachlan, M.S., Connel, D.W.
(2001). PAHs, PCDD/Fs, PCBs and HCB in leaves from Brisbane, Australia. Chemosphere 43, 507-515.
8. Zohair A., Salim A., Soyibo A.A, Beck J.A. (2006). Residues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides in organically- farmed vegetables. Chemosphere 63, 541–55.
9. Manz M., Wenzel K.D., Dietze U., Schurmann G. (2001).
Persistent organic pollutants in agricultural soils of central Germany. The Science of the Total Environment 277,187-198.
10. Falandysz, J., Brudnowska, B., Kawano, M., Wakimoto, T. (2001).
Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticide in soils from the southern part of Poland. Arch Environmental Contamination Toxicology 40, 173–178.
11. Covaci A., Hurab C., Schepens P. (2001). Selected persistent organochlorine pollutants in Romania. The Science of the Total Environment 280, 143-152.
12. Schumacher M., Nadal M., Domingo H.L. (2004). Levels of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PCNs in Soils and Vegetation in an Area with Chemical and Petrochemical Industries Environmental Science Technology 38, 1960-1969.
13. Zhao X., Zheng M., Zhang B., Zhang Q., Liu W. (2006). Evidence for the transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, and polychlorinated dibenzofurans from soil into biota. Science of the Total Environment 368, 744–752.
14. Samara, C. (2005). Chemical mass balance source apportionment of TSP in a lignite-burning area of Western Macedonia, Greece.
Atmospheric Environment 39, 6430-6443.
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