ProSheet Guidelines
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(2) Introduction ProSheet 2.2 Design program developped in collaboration with the Sheet Piling department of ARCELOR COMMERCIAL RPS: • allows quick dimensionning of steel sheet pile retaining walls • designed for simple structures and pre-dimensionning (refer to chapter “ possibilities “). • geotechnical knowledge / backround required (definition of soil characteristics / calculation of retaining walls). The results produced by this method have to be checked carefully by the user in order to make sure that modelization of the soil-structure interaction is accurate enough. 2.
(3) Introduction (...) Calculation method: • Fixed earth support according theory of Dr. Blum • Limit earth pressure - earth resistance Ka / Kp (Caquot / Kerisel). Three static systems are possible: • Cantilever • Free earth support with one layer of anchor or struts • Fixed earth support with one layer of anchor or struts (Blum). 3.
(4) General informations • Installation and configuration – Two languages are possible (F or GB) ° separate directories if both versions are installed – Configuration: decimal symbol = " . " (see also "Read-me" / evtl. use "French-Switzerland") – Metric or imperial units • Convention (see also "Help"-File) – Levels º positive downwards, refered to level ± 0.00 º negative upwards – Wall friction angle (to be introduced manually) º Earth pressure : δa = positive º Earth resistance : δp = negative 4.
(5) Possibilities • Continuous sheet pile wall design with: – 1 retaining level (anchorage or struting) – rear anchor wall – simulation of construction stages NOT possible Be careful: construction stage could guide the design ! – catalogues of ARCELOR sections ° AU, PU, AZ, Coldformed OSP ° not included: HZ-AZ combined wall system • Various options – uniforme surcharge load of type Caquot – lineare surcharge load of type Boussinesq – concentrated forces – additional pressures on the wall. 5.
(6) Dimensionning of main wall Three static systems are possible. Cantilever wall Hrecom.: 5 à 6 m Mbend Ê / fmax Ê length Ê. Anchored / strutted wall free earth support Mbend. Ê / R Ê minimum pile length 6. Anchored / strutted wall fixed earth support Mbend. Ì / R Ì longer pile than free meth..
(7) Dimensionning of anchor wall Two static systems are possible - free earth support. - fixed earth support Ra,h. Assuming identical soil conditions and tieback load: deeper anchor level Ö sheet pile length Ì. higher anchorage level Ö sheet pile length Ê. Chosen system depends for ex. on construction stages, installation possibilities, a.s.o. 7.
(8) Restrictions • Not included options: – partial coefficients (SLS / ULS, Eurocodes) – seismic effects ⇒ design values to be introduced manually • and: – distance between main and anchor wall (Kranz, Jelinek, …) – slip cercle analysis (Bishop, …) – hydraulic failure – discharge through interlocks ⇒ Use different software. 8.
(9) Example : Anchored quay wall Geometry:. Main wall. Traffic load S. 0.00 Bollard H. 0.50 1.50. 0.50. retaining height:5.00 m. •. final level:. 0.50 m. •. anchor level:. 1.50 m. •. water:. 4.00 / 2.50 m. Soil conditions: 2.50 5° Sand (fill). 4.00. •. sand:. ϕ’ = 30.0°. γ / γ ’ = 18 / 10 kN/m3. Ra. •. 5.50. 5°. •. clay:. ϕ = 27.5° c’ = 5 kN/m2. γ / γ ’ = 19 / 9 kN/m3. Clay. Loadings: surcharge: bollard:. ?. 9. S = 20 kN/m2 H = 50 kN/m.
(10) Units, configuration and projet info Start Prosheet Set options: •Units •Projet info •Configuration. 10.
(11) « Help » ‘Help’- File Introduction Example Conventions Helpful hints Help (contacts). 11.
(12) Create a new file. Clic on the arrow of the « tool box ». 12.
(13) Design data. Soil level Water level Uniform surcharge load Earth support Continue with ‘ Soil Layers ’ Don’t clic directly on ‘OK’. Fill in at least : ‘GeoData’ / ‘Soil Layers’ / ‘Pile Section’ 13.
(14) Soil Layers. (1/3). Soil characteristics: γ / ϕ / δ / c’. Add or delete soil layers Note : Layer Tip = lower level of soil layer. 14.
(15) Soil Layers (2/3). Important: Put lowest soil level deeper than assumed embedment depth δp = negative Check if automatic calculation for Kph is activated. 15.
(16) Soil Layers (3/3) Copy from ‘Layers in front’ to ‘Layers behind’ Change signe of δa Check if automatic calculation for Kah is activated. 16.
(17) Concentrated loads: vertical, horizontal. Loads are positive downwards resp. to the left. •Clic on ‘+ / -’ to add or delete a ligne. 17.
(18) Sheet pile section / Steel grade First choice: AU 14 S 270 GP. Safety factor is only applied on yield point (steel stresses) !. 18.
(19) Results: All values / Extremal values / Pile check …. Clic on ‘Table’ (explorer) to get all the results Deflection. Pile toe level. Safety on steel stress. Pile length Overlength Δx Anchor load Ra,h 19.
(20) Extremal values / All values. Level ‘z’. Value. 20.
(21) Diagrams. 21.
(22) Earth pressure coefficients. To check values of Kah and Kpk ⇒ return to the file ‘Soil layers’. 22.
(23) Printing the results (tables and graphs). Printing. Right button. 23.
(24) Error messages. Soil resistance << soil pressure Check depth of soil layers (tip) Increase depth Check soil values coefficients, weight, cohesion .... 24.
(25) Anchor wall. 2 possibilities: • create a new file • add to existing main wall. 25.
(26) Design data. Factor on anchor force Example: simulation of anchor failure: S = 1.50. Earth support. 26.
(27) Soil layers Copy values from main wall. Continue with: Automatic Kph Layers behind Automatic Kah Change sign of δa ….. 27.
(28) Sheet pile section / Steel grade. Choose a smaller section than main wall. 28.
(29) Error messages To be checked: Anchor level Tip of lowest soil layer Soil values Safety on anchor force ("Floating point error" : S = 0.00). 29.
(30) Results. In case of ‘ free earth support ’ Short pile length Overlength Δx = 0.00. 30.
(31) Diagrams …. Pile toe at 3.10 m Anchor at 2.26 m ProSheet optimises the anchor level close to the given value. 31.
(32) Change values, if required ... If horizontal anchorage is required: Change anchor level. Change to ‘fixed earth support’. 32.
(33) New results …. In case of ‘ fixed earth support ’ Lower toe level ⇒ longer piles. Anchorage at level 1.50 m. 33.
(34) Results .... If safety factor is too low, change pile section and / or steel grade Overlength Δx. 34.
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