Social Security Reform in an Economy with Population Aging

The German social security contribution rate, now at about 20 percent of gross income,11 will exceed 30 percent of gross income at the peak of population aging if the

Results reveal that the cumulative probability of being poor by the end of the period for this vulnerable population group is three times (around 30 per cent) the

We define the effective Social Security tax rate as the nominal Social Security tax rate (10.6 percent) 9 minus the expected Social Security marginal benefit rate, where this

Since the majority of industrial countries live in the world of below-replacement fertility rates and persistently aging population, any decreases in effective retirement age

The combination of high payroll taxes and low public pension replacement rates certainly in an environment of high social protection, certainly contributes in

We define the effective Social Security tax rate as the nominal Social Security tax rate (10.6 percent) 9 minus the expected Social Security marginal benefit rate, where this

Finally, modifying the shape of the benefit-earnings rule, given Social Security’s current payroll tax rate and taxable maximum, has only a small effect on key macroeconomic

As a consequence of these trends, policymakers in the United States face the same choice as those of other countries: increase the Social Security tax burden on the working