FluidPhysicsFinalStudyGuidePart2

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Part 2

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Name: ______________________________ Period: ____________

FLUID PHYSICS CUMULATIVE FINAL

CUMULATIVE FINAL STUDY GUIDE

PART 2 OF 2

MASTERY QUIZ #4: MOMENTUM

PART 1: Momentum Basics

1. Will a jaguar always have more momentum than a mouse? Why or why not?

2. A 5.0 kg block slides along a horizontal, frictionless surface at 10.0 m/s for 4 seconds. The magnitude of the block’s momentum is

a) 200 kg*m/s b) 50.0 kg*m/s c) 20.0 kg*m/s d) 12.5 kg*m/s

SHOW YOUR WORK HERE:

3. A 3000 kg truck is pulling into a parking lot at 0.01 m/s. How fast must a fat 2 kg mouse be scurrying across the parking lot for their momentum to be

equal?

PART 2: Conservation of Momentum

4. A 1kg laboratory cart moving with a velocity of 0.5 m/s due east collides with and sticks to a similar cart initially at rest. After the collision, the two carts move off together with a velocity of 0.25 m/s due east. The total momentum of this frictionless system is:

a) zero before the collision b) zero after the collision

c) the same before and after the collision d) Greater before the collision that after the collision

FAIRCHILD WHEELER MAGNET

Part 3

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5. In the diagram below, scaled vectors represent the momentum of each of two masses, A and B, sliding towards eachother on a frictionless horizontal surface. Which scaled vector best represents the momentum of the system after the masses collide?

6. As show in the diagrams below, a hump of clay travels horizontally to the right towards a block at rest on a frictionless surface. Upon collision, the clay and the block stick together and move to the right.

Compared to the total momentum of the clay and block before the collision, the momentum of the clay-block system after the collision is: A) LESS B) GREATER C) THE SAME

Part 3: Impulse-Momentum Theorem

7. Explain why airbags are used in motor vehicles according to the impulse-momentum theorem.

8. Impulse is measured by J = F*t where J = impulse. Shocks on mountain bikes create a contact time with the wheel to the ground and thus result in a force to the ground.

i (Circle One): SHORTER LONGER ii (Circle One): SMALLER LARGER

9. How long must a 100.N force act on a 25 kg object to raise its velocity from 10 m/sec to 15 m/sec? (USE Ft = mv)

Part I: Rotation/Revolution, Tangential/Rotational Speed Students know how to explain circular motion in terms of rotation, revolution, tangential speed and rotational speed

i) ii)

Part II

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1. If I spin a basketball on my finger, the ball is _____________. Meanwhile, if the ball is spinning around the rim, the ball is __________ around the rim. This is just like the Moon, which ___________ around the Earth.

a. Revolving; rotating; rotates/revolves b. rotating; revolving; rotates

c. rotating; revolving; rotates/revolves d. revolving; rotating; revolves

2. If the Earth revolves around the Sun

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period of Earth’s revolution?

3. Track runners start staggered on a track during a 1600m sprint. Runner A (on the outside of the track) and runner B (on the inside of the track) finish the 1st

lap in the SAME TIME, who has the: A) greater rotational speed? B) Greater

Tangential speed?

4. If runner A finishes the 1st _{lap (rotation) in 30 seconds, what her tangential speed? Note that the radius of}

the track is 4 meters and the equation for tangential speed = 2r/T (T is the period of rotation). Show work for credit.

Part II: Centripetal Acceleration & Force Students know how to solve centripetal acceleration and force problems.

Part I

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Greater Rotational Speed?

a) Runner A b) Runner B c) Same Rotational Speed

Greater Tangential Speed?

3. A bucket of water is being swung over the head of a crazy man. What is the direction of the force that keeps the water inside the bucket as it swings around in a circle?

a) opposite the direction of the bucket

b) in the same direction as the velocity of the bucket c) towards the center of the circular path

d) outward from the center of the circular path

4. A cat is holding on to a ceiling fan for dear life. When the cat lets go, which is the direction of the cat’s velocity?

5. A centripetal force of 1750 N is exerted on a 125 kg motorcycle riding at 11.8 m/s. around a circular cage. What is the radius of the cage? NOTE: FC = mv2/r

Part III: Torque & Rotation Students know how to calculate torque as well as identify why objects rotate 1. TWO PART QUESTION:

A) What is the torque placed as I exert a 7N force on a 0.1 m doorknob?

B) What happens to my torque if the doorknob is half as long?

2. A. Is there an unbalanced torque on the Tower of Pisa? Why or why not?

B. Explain why the Tower of Pisa does not rotate and topple over.

Part III

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a) W b) X c) Y d) Z

Part IV: Angular Momentum & Rotational Inertia Students know how explain how rotational inertia affects angular momentum

1. The following ice skater is increasing her spin by taking into account Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum. Explain what this law states.

Note: Angular Momentum (L) = Rotational Inertia (I) x Rotational Velocity (w)

2. Anna is a trapeze artist from the Barnum and Bailey Circus (P.T. Barnum started the circus in Bridgeport, CT in 1836). When she tucks his arms and legs in to complete a turn:

a. What happens to her rotational inertia? b. What happens to her rotational velocity?

3. Keeping in mind Newton’s 1st _{Law of Linear Inertia, what would the Law of Rotational Inertia}

state?

MASTERY QUIZ #6: ENERGY

Part I: Kinetic Energy Students know how to differentiate between two categories

of energy and describe and calculate moving mechanical energy. [KE = (1/2)mv2_]

1. Name

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2. A car has a mass of 50 kg and is moving at a speed of 20 m/s. What is the kinetic energy of the car? (Basic – 2 comprehension)

Part IV

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Part I

3. The following picture gives you the engineering specifications for the wind turbines at FW. Calculate the kinetic energy of a Fairchild Wheeler Wind Turbine (use the weight of the turbine (in kg) and assume that Bridgeport deals with cut-OUT wind speed). (Proficient – 3 application)

Part II: Potential Energy Students know how calculate gravitational potential energy: PE = mgh

1. Explain the concept of potential energy in your own words and how a rollercoaster displays potential energy. (Basic- 2 comprehension)

2. A 450 kg rollercoaster cart at Six Flags is about to descend down a 70 meter hill, leaving the riders screaming their heads off. What is the potential energy of the cart? (Basic – 2 application)

Part II

3. A skier on top of a 100 meter mountain in Utah has 20,000 Joules of potential energy. Meanwhile, the skier’s wife, a professional diver, is participating in a diving competition in Florida. She stands 15 meters above the water and

exhibits 3,100 Joules of potential energy. Who has more mass, the skier or the diver? Show calculations for credit. (Proficient – 3 Application)

Part III: Conservation of Energy Students know how to apply the law of conservation of energy to calculate potential and kinetic energy

1. What does the principle of conservation of energy state? a) The total amount of energy decreases as things move

b) Potential energy will always be conserved as potential energy when things move c) Energy cannot be transformed but if it did the amount of energy would stay the same

d) Energy may be transformed from one form to another, but the total amount of energy does not change

2. Draw an “X” on the half-pipe to indicate where kinetic energy is at its maximum. Draw a “Y” where potential energy is at its maximum. Finally, draw a “Z” where Kinetic Energy = Potential Energy

Part III

3. A rollercoaster is sitting at the top of a hill. It has a potential energy of 3,000 Joules at the top of the first hill. A) What is the kinetic energy at the top of the hill? B) At the very bottom of the hill (height = 0 meters), what is the kinetic energy and the potential energy?

Part IV: Work Students know how to solve problems involving WORK: [Work = Force x distance]

1. What is the formula for WORK? (Basic – 1 knowledge) a. W = ma

b. W = mad c. W = Fd/t d. W = 1/2mv2

Part IV

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A) Kinetic Energy at top of hill (assume ZERO movement):

____________ Joules

B) Kinetic Energy bottom of hill (height = 0 meters)

____________ Joules

C) Potential Energy at bottom of hill (height = 0 meters) _____________ Joules

2. A 22kg student performs a pushup and travels 0.75 meters in the process. If the force the student is pushing is his own bodyweight (force=mg), what is the work done in the pushup? (Basic – 2 comprehension)

3. A weightlifter holds a 100.N weight above his head at a distance of 0.50m for 5.0 seconds (weight is not moving). How much work is done? (Advanced – 4 knowledge utilization)

a) 50 Joules b) 10 Joules c) 0 Joules d) 250 Joules

Part V: Power Students know how to solve problems involving POWER.

1. When someone talks about power, they speak of (Basic – 1 knowledge)

a) the amount of force applied b) how fast something moves

c) the extent to which kinetic energy occurs d) the rate at which work is done

2. How much power (in watts) is produced as a 150 Newton student runs up a 10-meter tall bleacher over 10 seconds? (Basic -2 comprehension)

3. Three friends are fighting over who can produce the most power. Jasmine says she can exert 75 watts while Jamie says he can produce 158 Joules of work in 2

seconds. But, Jadine states that she can trump them all by exerting 90 N of force over 3 meters in 3.5 seconds. WHO IS RIGHT and WHY?? (Advanced – 4 Knowledge Utilization)

Part V

MASTERY QUIZ #7: Properties of Matter

Part II: States of Matter Students know how to articulate why matter changes phases and define each state of matter in terms of volume and shape.

6. What is the main factor that causes matter to change phases?

7. What happens to the KINETIC ENERGY of the molecules as the phase changes from solid  liquid? What happens to the SPACING between the molecules as the phase changes from solid  liquid?

8. Fill out the following table in terms of whether the shape and volume is definite or shifting in a solid, liquid, gas.

9. In the Physics Laboratory, Gak is created using a simple and awesome recipe! If, at one point, the molecules start to slide past eachother easily as low pressure is applied, what state of matter is that Gak currently in?

Part III: Density Students know how to explain the concept of density conceptually and mathematically.

10. What is the definition of density?

a) the shape something makes b) the amount of space that an object occupies c) the total mass of an object d) the amount of mass in a certain amount of space

11. When the periscope of a submarine goes up, what happens to the submarines density and WHY?

a) decreases b) stays the same c) increases

12. One physics group has finally figured out to the secret of the Best Buoyant Boat Project. They decide to buy a 100 gram piece of cardboard and design the boat into a cube to hold the most cargo. If each side length of the cube is 10 cm, what is the density of the boat, in grams/cm3_?

WHY?

KINETIC ENERGY? SPACING?

13. In an experiment, Mr. A masses out a mystery solid on a scale and it reads 105 grams. Then, he places the solid into a graduated cylinder of water and the water level raises a certain height (see the picture). What is most likely the substance in the experiment, according to the table below?

14. If the density of rubbing alcohol is 0.786 g/mL, give an estimate of the density of vegetable oil.

15. Using your knowledge of density, describe what occurred during the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill after the oil started spewing out of the pipes. Also, describe the negative effects this had on the ocean!

Part IV: Buoyancy: Students know how to explain the concept of buoyancy and determine how objects will react in water.

16. In the Best Buoyant Boat Contest, (for most of the time), the boat floated on top of the water. In this case, which force was bigger, the weight of the boat OR the buoyancy force?

17. What are the THREE RULES that determine how an object will act when placed in water?

WORK & ANSWER:

Which force is greater?

1. 2. 3.

18. What can be said about the RELATIONSHIP between VOLUME and MASS of BLOCK C in the following experiment?

19. If your boat has a mass of 107 grams and a volume of 100 cm3_{, what will happen to it when placed in water?}

20. Which is more likely to float and why?

21. Explain the RESULTS of the Coke vs. Diet Coke Floating Experiment. Then, draw CONCLUSIONS why this happened!