Joint Meeting of the
Healthy Counties Advisory Board,
Health Steering Committee and the
Human Services and Education
Committee’s Education, Children
and Families Subcommittee on
Early Childhood Development
Marriott Wardman Park Hotel
February 22, 2015
THANK YOU TO OUR
Tell Your County’s What’s Happening
at the Joint Meeting
@NACoTweets
Early Childhood 2015
Joan Lombardi
February, 2015
Lets talk about…..
•
Growing interest in early childhood
•
Young children today
•
Trends
Growing scientific knowledge about
why the early years are important
Increased evidence of program
effectiveness
New champions
INCREASED RECOGNITION OF THE
IMPORTANCE OF THE EARLY YEARS
Early
Learning
Health,
Nutrition
and Mental
Health
Family
Support/Child
Protection
Increased interest coming from
multiple perspectives
Reducing
Inequality
Status of young children today
•
Estimated 4 million children born
Percentage of people in poverty by age group, 1966-2012
9.9
12.6
21.1
25.3
43.2
48.1
0
20
40
60
80
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
per
cen
t
Deep poverty (<50% FPL)
Poverty
Low Income (<200% FPL)
*Year reflects the year that the question was asked. Question was asked regarding the previous 12 months.
Data refer to children residing with and related to the householder.
Infants/toddlers living in deep poverty, poverty,
and with low income
Nearly half face economic hardship
12
Disparities between higher and lower
income infants at 9 and 24 months
Source: Halle, T., Forry, N., Hair, E., Perper, K., Wandner, L., Wessel, J., & Vick, J. (2009). Disparities in Early Learning and Development: Lessons from the Early
Childhood Longitudinal Study – Birth Cohort (ECLS-B). Washington, DC: Child Trends.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Mean Reading Scale Scores - Fall
Mean Math Scale Scores - Fall
Less than HS
HS or Equiv.
Some College or Voc.
Bachelor's
Grad/Prof
Mean Reading and Math Scores for Children in Kindergarten for the First Time in the
2010-2011 School Year, by Parents’ Highest Level of Education
Source: Mulligan, G.M., Hastedt, S., and McCarroll, J.C. (2012).
First-Time Kindergartners in
2010-11: First Findings From the Kindergarten Rounds of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study,
Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K:2011)
(NCES 2012-049). U.S. Department of Education.
Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved [January 30, 2013] from
http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch
.
Note: The assessment scale was 0-83 for the reading assessment and 0-75 for the mathematics
assessment. Estimates based on a preliminary version of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study,
Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K:2011) restricted-use data file.
Child Well-
Being in
Rich Countries:
A Comparative
Overview
“Child well-being in rich countries.
A comparative overview.”
UNICEF Office of Research,
Innocenti Report Card 11
Where are We Today:
The Challenge in the U.S.
Opportunity gap
•
Opportunity Gap
Achievement
gap
•
Achievement Gap
Productivity
PATH TO SUCCESS
Parenting
and
Family
Support
Maternal
Health
and
Prenatal
Care
Family
Economic
Supports
and
Ongoing
Education
Child
Health
And
Nutrition
Quality
Early
Childhood
Programs
Quality
Primary
Schools
PATH TO EARLY SUCCESS
PATH TO EARLY SUCCESS
Two Generation Path
to Early Success
Healthy pregnancy and birth
Thriving at 3
Eager and ready at 5
Successful at 8
Emerging Vision
Old Think
•
Learning begins at school
•
Health or education
•
Care vs education
•
Child focus vs parent focus
•
Individual programs at a
single age
New Think
•
Learning begins at birth
•
Health and education
•
Care and education
•
Two generations
•
Continuity prenatal- 8
$5 billion invested in the recovery
Quality improvement plan for Head Start
New Maternal, Infant and Early Childhood Home
Visiting Program
Early Learning Challenge Fund- 20 states
Early Head Start Child Care Partnerships
Preschool Development Plans
Bipartisan reauthorization of the Child Care and
Development Fund
Budget Proposals
•
Expansion of the Child and Dependent Care
Tax Credit
(tripling the maximum credit to $3000.00 per young
child)
•
Paid leave proposal
•
Child care funding for infants and toddlers,
innovation and changes in the law
•
Head Start expansion including full day and
EHS-Child Care Partnerships
What’s Next?
•
Extending the Maternal, Infant, Early
Childhood Home Visiting Program
•
ESEA reauthorization
•
Appropriation process
What does all this mean for
your community ?
Child Care & Development Block Grant
Reauthorization:
Opportunities for County Leaders
What is CCDF Reauthorization?
•
The Child Care and Development Block Grant (CCDBG) Act of 2014 (P.L.
113-186) was signed into law November 19, 2014. Reauthorizes the CCDF
program for the first time since 1996.
•
CCDF is a $5.3 billion block grant program that provides funding to States,
Territories, and Tribes to provide access to child care services for
low-income families and improve the quality of child care.
•
The CCDBG Act of 2014 renews authority for CCDF through FY 2020 and
represents an historic re-envisioning of the program.
•
Focused on better balancing dual purposes – to promote economic
stability for low-income families and support healthy development and
learning needs of children.
New Purposes for CCDF
Reauthorization provides a two-generational approach focused on the
family as a whole, as well as helping parents support their children’s
development and learning. New language added by Congress includes:
•
Promoting involvement by parents and family members in the
development of their children in child care settings;
•
Delivering high-quality, coordinated early childhood care and education
services to maximize parents’ options;
•
Improving the overall quality of child care services and programs;
•
Improving child care and development of participating children;
•
Increasing the number and percentage of low-income children in
Key Features of Reauthorization
•
12-month Eligibility Policies
•
Payment Rates & Provider
Payment Practices
•
Consumer Education &
Family Engagement
•
Health & Safety Minimums
in Licensing/Training
•
Criminal Background Checks
•
Monitoring
•
Training & Professional
Development
•
Increased Quality Spending
•
Infant & Toddler Set-aside
•
Supply-building for
Underserved Populations
Opportunities for
Impact
Children
Families
Teachers/Providers
Provide Stable Child Care Assistance to Families
Eligibility Policies(658E(c)(2)(N)):
•
Establishes 12-month eligibility re-determination periods.
–
CCDF families remain eligible during the 12-month period as long as income
remains below 85% SMI.
–
States have option to terminate assistance prior to re-determination if a
parent loses employment, but must allow for a 3-month period for job search.
•
At re-determination, must provide for a graduated phase-out of assistance
for families whose income has increased beyond the initial State
threshold, but remains below 85% of SMI.
•
Eligibility re-determination should not require parents to unduly disrupt
Equal Access to High Quality for Low-income Children
Equal Access and Rates
(658E(c)(4)):
•
Requires States to conduct a market rate survey, or use an alternative
methodology, such as a cost estimation model, and describe how payment rates
will be established based on results of the survey or alternative methodology,
taking into account cost of providing higher quality services.
Provider Payment Practices
(658E(c)(2)(S)):
•
States must establish policies that reflect generally accepted payment practices for
child care providers, including (to the extent practicable) paying for absence days,
and timely reimbursement for child care services.
Build Supply for Underserved
(658E(c)(2)(M)):
•
States must develop strategies for increasing supply and quality of services for
children in underserved areas, infants and toddlers, children with disabilities, and
children in non-traditional hour care—which may include use of grants/contracts
and alternative payment.
Consumer Education & Linkages to Services
•
States must collect and disseminate consumer education to parents
receiving CCDF, the general public, and, where applicable, child care
providers, including:
–
Other financial assistance programs
that families might be eligible for,
including TANF, Head Start and Early Head Start, LIHEAP, SNAP, WIC, the Child
and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP), Medicaid, and the State children’s
health insurance programs (SCHIP);
–
Programs carried out under the
Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA
);
–
Information on existing resources and services the State can provide
to
conduct developmental screenings and to provide referrals to services for
children receiving CCDF assistance
, including the coordinated use of EPSDT
and development screening services available under section 619 and part C of
the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA); and
How a family or provider may
use these resources to obtain developmental screenings.
Keeping Children Safe and Healthy
New state requirements include:
•
Establish licensing policies and provide training in 10 specific health and
safety areas for CCDF providers*: (658E(c)(2)(I))
•
Explain any exemptions to licensing and why exemptions do not endanger
health and safety of children in the care of such providers.
(658E(c)(2)(F)(ii))
•
Conduct criminal background checks on all child care providers and their
staff members. Not limited to providers serving CCDF children. Relative
caregivers excluded. (658H)
•
States must make available by electronic means provider-specific
information showing results of monitoring and inspection reports.
658E(c)(2)(D)&(E))
*States continue to have the option to exempt relatives from CCDF health and safety
requirements.
Ensure Health and Safety – Monitoring
Monitoring and Inspections (658E(c)(2)(K))
States must have monitoring and inspection requirements for CCDF
providers that include:
•
Licensed CCDF Providers
– 1 pre-licensure inspection for health, safety,
and fire standards and annual, unannounced inspections.
•
License-Exempt CCDF Providers
– Annual inspections for compliance
with health, safety, and fire standards.
•
States must ensure licensing inspectors are qualified and have received
training in related health and safety requirements.
•
Ratio of inspectors to providers must be sufficient to ensure visits
Recruit & Retain Qualified and Effective Workforce
Training & Professional Development (658E(c)(2)(G)):
•
Requires establishment of professional development and training
requirements to improve knowledge and skills of CCDF providers and the
child care workforce.
•
Professional development requirements should:
–
Include ongoing, annual training and a progression of professional
development (which may include postsecondary education)
–
Include focus on social-emotional behavioral intervention models
•
Incorporate State’s Early Learning and Development Guidelines describing
what children should know and be able to do. (Required at 658E(c)(2)(T))
•
New list of quality activities specifically identifies professional
Increased Quality Set-Asides
Federal
Fiscal Year
% Quality
Set-aside
and Toddler
% Infant
Total Quality
Set-aside
FFY 2016
7%
--
7%
FFY 2017
7%
3%
10%
FFY 2018
8%
3%
11%
FFY 2019
8%
3%
11%
FFY 2020 (and
ongoing)
9%
3%
12%
Effective Dates
CCDF State & Territory Plan (3-yr)
FY 2016-2018
CCDF State & Territory Plan (3-yr)
FY 2019-2021
New CCDF Program
Requirements
FY 2015
FY 2016
FY 2017
FY 2018
FY 2019
FY 2020
FY 2021
10/01/14 –
9/30/15
10/01/15 –
9/30/16
10/01/16 –
9/30/17
10/01/17 –
9/30/18
10/01/18 –
9/30/19
10/01/19 –
9/30/20
10/01/20 –
9/30/21
Criminal Background
Checks
Planning/Implementation
Compliance by 9/30/2017
Monitoring of Licensing
and Regulatory
Requirements
Planning/Implementation
Compliance by 11/19/2016
Posting Results of
Monitoring and
Inspection Reports
(Website)
Planning/Implementation
Compliance by earlier of
11/19/2017
or 1 year after
monitoring in place.
State compliance with
The President’s FY 2016 Proposed
Budget for Child Care
The FY 2016 request for Child Care of $9.4B is +$4B over FY 2015
enacted.
•
Child Care Entitlement to States:
+$3.6B in FY 2016 and +$82B
over ten years to ensure that all low-income working families with
young children have access to high-quality child care.
•
Child Care and Development Block Grant (CCDBG):
+$266M
targeted to help states implement new provisions of the CCDBG
reauthorization that will increase quality, ensure continuity of
services, and provide parents clear information about child care
providers so they can make informed choices.
•
Child Care Pilots for Working Families:
+$100M for new pilots to
test innovative strategies to better serve working families by
addressing gaps in the delivery of child care.
Office of Child Care (OCC) Reauthorization Info
•
CCDF Reauthorization Resource Page:
http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/occ/ccdf-reauthorization
•
Child Care Technical Assistance Network
Reauthorization
Resources can be found at
https://childcareta.acf.hhs.gov/ccdf-reauthorization
•
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s) email address:
ccdf.reauthorization@acf.hhs.gov
•
Comment on the CCDF pre-print for States FY 2016-2018 by
Thank you for all you do for
children and families
Home • Briefing Room • Statements & Releases For Immediate Release January 21, 2015 The White House Office of the Press Secretary
FACT SHEET: Helping All Working Families with Young
Children Afford Child Care
“In today’s economy, when having both parents in the workforce is an economic necessity for many families, we need affordable, highquality childcare more than ever. It’s not a nicetohave it’s a musthave. So it’s time we stop treating childcare as a side issue, or as a women’s issue, and treat it like the national economic priority that it is for all of us.” – President Obama, State of the Union Address, January 20, 2015 Helping working Americans meet the needs of their jobs and their families is a key part of the President’s plan to bolster and expand the middle class. Access to highquality child care and early education not only promotes a child’s development, but it also helps support parents who are struggling to balance work and family obligations. A safe, nurturing environment that enriches children’s development is critical to working families and is one of the best investments we can make in our economy. Yet today, a year of child care costs higher than a year of instate tuition at most colleges – putting a significant strain on parents. Ensuring that children have access to high quality and affordable early childhood programs can help children prepare for school and succeed in later life while strengthening parents’ ability to go to work, advance their career, and increase their earning potential. Research shows that money spent on young children is an effective investment, yielding benefits immediately to parents and for many decades to come for the children. For example, the President’s Council of Economic Advisors’ report on the Economics of Early Childhood indicate that investments in highquality early education generate economic returns of over $8 for every $1 spent. Today, President Obama outlined his plan to make affordable, quality child care available to every working and middleclass family with young children. His plan includes: Making a landmark investment in the Child Care and Development Fund that helps every eligible family with young children afford highquality child care. Tripling the maximum child care tax credit to $3,000 per young child. Creating a new innovation fund to help states design programs that better serve families that face unique challenges in finding quality care, such as those in rural areas or working nontraditional hours. Two years ago, the President called for a continuum of highquality early learning for America’s children – including support for children and their parents beginning prenatally with evidencebased home visitation for young children and new and expecting parents and continuing through highquality preschool for America’s 4 year olds. Over the past two years, the federal government, states, philanthropists, and business leaders have invested nearly $3 billion in highquality preschool and early education. Today’s announcement builds on these continuing efforts to make highquality early education and child care available for all. These investments to expand and strengthen child care and early education programs complement the Administration’s other efforts to help working families, including offering workers the opportunity to earn paid sick and family leave, a higher minimum wage, and equal pay for women. NEW INVESTMENTS IN CHILD CARE AFFORDABILITY, QUALITY, AND AVAILABILITY Parents who work in lowwage jobs can face real difficulties affording quality child care – in 2013, the average cost of fulltime care for an infant at a child care center was about $10,000 per year – higher than the average cost of instate tuition at a public 4year college and much higher in some locations. Without help, many families can face the untenable choice of not working or leaving their children in unsafe, unstable, or poor quality child care arrangements. Affordable, quality childcare can help parents so they can go to work to support their family. Learning begins at birth, and the earliest years of a child’s life are those most critical for building foundational cognitive skills, social and emotional skills, and patterns of engagement in school and learning. Studies show that children who attend highquality early learning programs – including highquality child care – are more likely to do well in school, find good jobs, have fewer interactions with the justice system, and have greater earnings as adults than those who don’t. Increasing the supply of highquality, affordable child care can help parents balance Facebook Twitter Flickr Google+ YouTube Vimeo iTunes LinkedIn L A T E S T B L O G P O S T S February 19, 2015 2:58 PM EST President Obama on the Causes and Antidotes to Violent Extremism President Obama speaks on the role that the U.S., countries, and communities can play in combating violence extremism at home and abroad. February 19, 2015 1:36 PM EST Let’s Get Every Kid in a Park February 19, 2015 6:00 AM EST The 2015 Economic Report of the President The Council of Economic Advisers released the 69thannual Economic Report of the President, which reviews the United States’ accelerating recovery and explores fundamental economic issues impacting middleclass families. VIEW ALL RELATED BLOG POSTSthe WHITE HOUSE PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA Contact Us
Search
work and family responsibilities while also investing in young children. That’s why this year the President proposes unprecedented investments in making quality child care affordable and available for working families by: Expanding access to child care assistance for all eligible families with children under four years of age, within ten years. The federal Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF) helps low and moderate income families with the cost of child care and increases the availability and quality of that care. States contribute matching resources for a portion of the CCDF funding they receive. But currently, federal and state funding for child care assistance falls well short of the need, and only a small share of young children receive federallyfunded child care subsidies. The President’s proposal will ensure that all low and moderateincome families (those with incomes below 200 percent of the poverty line, or approximately $40,000 for a family of three) with children age three and under have access to a subsidy to pay for quality child care so they can work or attend school or job training. By 2025, this investment will expand access to highquality care to more than 1 million additional young children, reaching a total of more than 2.6 million children served monthly through the child care subsidy system. To qualify for this funding, states will be required to develop sound plans for how they will build the supply of quality care for infants and toddlers and ensure that the subsidies they provide (when combined with reasonable copayments families can afford) will cover the cost of quality care. Cutting taxes for families paying child care with a credit of up to $3,000 per child. The President’s tax proposal would streamline child care tax benefits and triple the maximum child care tax credit for middle class families with young children, increasing it to $3,000 per child. The President’s child care tax proposals would benefit 5.1 million families, helping them cover child care costs for 6.7 million children (including 3.5 million children under five), through the following reforms: Triple the maximum Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit (CDCTC) for families with children under five, increasing it to $3,000 per child. Families with young children face the highest child care costs. Under the President’s proposal, they could claim a 50 percent credit for up to $6,000 of expenses per child under five. Make the full credit available to most middleclass families. Under current law, almost no families qualify for the maximum CDCTC. The President’s proposal would make the maximum credit – for young children, older children, and elderly or disabled dependents – available to families with incomes up to $120,000, meaning that most middleclass families could easily determine how much help they can get. Eliminate complex child care flexible spending accounts and reinvest the savings in the improved CDCTC. The President’s proposal would replace the current system of complex and duplicative incentives with one generous and simple child care tax benefit. Improving the quality of child care. Last year Congress acted on a bipartisan basis to pass child care legislation that includes muchneeded reforms to improve the quality and safety in child care settings, including requiring training for providers to prevent sudden infant death syndrome, instituting annual inspections of child care facilities, and comprehensive background checks of all providers. This proposal would provide the resources to help states implement those important reforms and support the expansion of access to quality child care programs staffed by early educators that can provide developmentally appropriate services that promote the healthy development and school readiness of young children Promoting Innovation in the Child Care Subsidy System. The President will also invest $100 million in new competitive grants to states, territories, tribes and communities to develop, implement and evaluate models of providing child care to address the unmet needs for families who face unique challenges to securing child care. These pilots could be used to develop promising practices for families in rural communities or have children with disabilities, parents who work nontraditional hours, and other families who struggle to find and use highquality child care. A COMPREHENSIVE EARLY EDUCATION AGENDA In addition to the historic investment in helping every lowincome and middleclass family afford child care, the President’s FY16 budget will make critical investments to expand access to highquality early education, including: Providing Preschool for All: In his 2013 State of the Union, the Obama Administration announced a proposal to provide highquality preschool to every American child and the FY 2016 Budget will continue to support this historic public investment in early education and in the future of America’s children. This $75 billion partnership with states would extend federal funds to expand highquality preschool to reach all low and moderateincome fouryearolds from families at or below 200% of poverty. The proposal, financed through an increase in tobacco taxes which will discourage youth smoking and save lives, also encourages states to broaden participation to reach additional middleincome families and to expand the availability of fullday kindergarten. In December 2014, the President and Vice President hosted the White House Summit on Early Childhood Education, highlighting over $1 billion in investments dedicated to early
childhood education and development, including new efforts to expand preschool across 18 states and in over 200 highneed communities, reaching an additional 33,000 children. Supporting Infants and Toddlers through Early Head StartChild Care Partnerships: This Administration has more than doubled the number of infants and toddlers in Early Head Start and, in 2014, created the new Early Head StartChild Care Partnerships program – an effort to provide quality care to tens of thousands of additional infants and toddlers through a partnership between Early Head Start and child care providers that meet the highest standards of quality to serve children from birth through age three. The Obama Administration has invested $500 million to support communities and proposes additional funding as they improve and expand comprehensive early care and education through the Early Head StartChild Care Partnerships program, reaching over 30,000 infants and toddlers this year. Increasing the duration of Head Start to a full school day and year. Head Start is a key element of the Administration’s efforts to help all children meet their full potential. The Obama Administration has already taken dramatic steps to raise the bar on Head Start quality, including requiring lowperforming programs to compete for continued funding, and is revising performance standards to reflect the best available science on early learning and development. The President’s Budget includes a new proposal to further increase the impact of Head Start – while also helping the working parents of Head Start children – by providing enough resources to make sure all children in Head Start benefit from a full school day and full school year (at least six hours a day, 170 days a year), which research shows leads to better outcomes for young children. Investing in Voluntary, EvidenceBased Home Visiting: Established in 2010, the Maternal, Infant and Early Childhood Home Visiting program builds on research showing that home visits by a nurse, social worker, or other professional during pregnancy and in the earliest years of life has benefits to parents and to children. These programs have been shown to significantly improve maternal and child health, development, and learning. These effects have proven to be longlasting, with one study showing improved language and math abilities at age 12. Additionally, these programs have led to increases in parental employment and reductions in child maltreatment. To date it has supported more than 1.4 million visits in over 700 communities. The President’s Budget would ensure the program does not end when funding is scheduled to expire in March 2015 and expand the program to reach additional families and communities. This proposal is also supported by the increased tobacco tax.
