The evolution of sex through the Baldwin effect

Figure 12 shows SEM micrographs of individual fatigue crack propagation paths at each test temperature in representative test conditions. Compared the initial structures shown in

We observed that the availability of IS 10 -mediated muta- tions does not alter the average increase in fitness of an evolving population, but it does change the locus of evolu-

Work in the final chapter addressed the impact of aphid feeding on plant fitness, how learning affects parasitoid foraging, how parasitoid density affects aphid population growth

Lipowska (2011) has pursued the Baldwin ef- fect in a simple naming game model with the in- tention of mixing up a language game in a simu- lation that incorporates both

method to calculate the effect of linkage disequilibrium generated by drift on the change in frequency of a recombination modifier; however, their analysis as- sumes small

In region 2, a modifier allele that wise, the short-term disadvantage ( i.e ., the immediate increases the frequency of sex is more often found reduction in the average fitness

Keywords: L2 multiword expressions, productive knowledge, deliberate learning, frequency effect, phonological forms, free recall.. Abstract: In incidental learning, vocabulary

Wiki is a simple, easy editable, interactive application that enhances learning, so this study was conducted to investigate the effect of using wiki on learning