Cooperation Project
NAWI Graz
Curriculum for the Master’s Program
Earth Sciences
Version 2006/07
This curriculum was approved by the Senate of Graz University of Technology in a circular voting procedure on 28 June 2006 and by the Senate of the University of Graz in its session on 28 June 2006.
The study program is offered as a joint study program (§ 54 Paragraph 9 UG 2002) of the University of Graz and Graz University of Technology as part of the NAWI Graz project.
On the basis of the Universities Organization and Studies Act (UG 2002), Austrian Federal Law Gazette No. 120/2002 in its current version, the Senate of the University of Graz and the Senate of Graz University of Technology issue the following curriculum for the Earth Sciences master’s program.
§ 1 General Information
The Earth Sciences master’s program is comprised of 4 semesters in one stage of study.
There is a total of 120 ECTS credits in the program. Graduates receive a “Master of Science”, abbreviated “MSc”.
The content of this study program is based on the content of a bachelor’s program with an appropriate subject orientation according to § 64 Paragraph 5 UG 2002, for example, the Earth Sciences bachelor’s program. This bachelor’s program has to be worth at least 180 ECTS credits. In order to achieve a total of 300 ECTS credits for the two study programs, the same course cannot be counted for both the bachelor’s program that entitled the student to be admitted and the master’s program.
The Earth Sciences bachelor’s program in Graz lays the best foundation for the master’s program since the courses are optimally coordinated for both study programs.
Students, who have received a bachelor’s degree in Earth Sciences or Applied Earth Sciences that is worth 180 ECTS credits at another university, are also to be admitted to the Earth Sciences master’s program.
A restriction can be placed on the choice of concentration in this master’s program depending upon the previous education of the student applicant.
In order to complete this study program, students have to
• Write a master’s thesis and
• Take an examination before a committee, in which the student presents and defends the written master’s thesis that has been written in accordance with the regulations.
§ 1a Scientific Education and Training
The Earth Sciences master’s program provides an introduction to science. This enables students to conduct high quality and structured research as well as develop innovative systems on a scientific basis in this field.
Internationality
The spoken and written use of the English language as a “lingua franca“ in science, engineering and business is of primary importance in order to be successful in professional life. This situation is taken into account by the inclusion of the English language as the language of instruction in courses, by the promotion of stays abroad and other measures. The mobility of students is strongly encouraged in the form of study semesters abroad, and the second or third semester is recommended for these trips. The Engineering Geology concentration can also be taken without knowing the German language.
§ 2 Qualification Profile
(1)
The target group of the four-semester master’s program is graduates of the Earth Sciences bachelor’s program and Austrian and international students who have chosen Graz as their place of study on account of its specific orientation. The study program serves to provide students with a concentration and specialization in the core competences of the subject in Graz. In order to increase professional flexibility and efficiency, specific concentrations are offered as part of the master’s program that reflect the current state of research and teaching in Graz and the current international development of the individual disciplines of the Earth Sciences. The range of courses of the Earth Sciences master’s program offers a broad general education and training, and concentrations in the fields of Geology/Petrology, Geobiology/Palaeoecology, Hydrogeology/Hydrochemistry and Engineering Geology. The wide spectrum of disciplines of the Earth Sciences makes a specific professional education and training and an introduction to a scientific career possible to the same degree. The choice of concentrations should make it possible to incorporate national and international projects and thus lead to increased interaction between research, business-oriented application and teaching.Need for and relevancy of the study program for science and the labor market: The broad general earth science basis of the master’s program takes the constantly changing demands of the labor market into account, which can then be reacted to in a flexible way. In addition, a basis is provided that makes it possible for students to be flexible in getting a scientific career. Two of the concentrations, Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology/Hydrochemistry, offer specific professional education and training for geo-engineering and environmental fields of activities. On the other hand, the other two concentrations, Geology/Petrology and Geobiology/Palaeoecology, cover other widely diversified professional fields (industry, mineral materials, and material sciences) and in addition have a focus on fundamental earth science research.
(2)
The goal of the Geology – Petrology concentration is to provide graduates with a highly qualified and process-oriented understanding of the solid earth and its constituent parts. The combination of general scientific principles, a profound knowledge of Geology/Petrology and a variety of analytical and mathematical methods guarantees that students are scientifically and professionally qualified. Thus graduates are able to react flexibly to the constantly changing requirements of the labor market and scientific landscape. Three educational goals are an integral part of the Geology/Petrology concentration of the master’s program: (a)Introduction of students to international high quality scientific research by incorporating them into existing projects and “learning in teams“. (b) Qualification for a widely diversified labor market that is not covered by experts, but requires a broad understanding of earth science processes (evaluation of resources, raw materials, industry...). (c) To provide a profound understanding of metamorphous and tectonic processes from the micro to the macro. Thus a widely diversified field of applications is opened up to graduates, which extends from the evaluation of geogenic risks to material scientific application.
(3)
The Geobiology and Palaeoecology concentration is located at the intersection of the Earth Sciences and the Bio-Sciences. It thus plays the role of an intermediary between the processes of the biosphere and those of the lithosphere, hydrosphere and the atmosphere.Therefore, particular emphasis is placed on the feedback effects of the spheres. The
foundation for this is an understanding of the global cycle of matter and its biogenic influence.
The dynamic in the development of these cycles of matter for the entire history of the earth is stored in fossil archives. An understanding of current processes from these archives makes an evaluation of the situation today possible and should contribute to estimating future developments.
(4)
The goal of the Hydrogeology – Hydrogeochemistry concentration is to prepare graduates for geo-scientific fields of activity in research and practical work that in particular serve the purpose of the exploration, development and sustainable use of as well as the protection and safeguarding of natural water resources.Based on a broad geo-scientific basic education and training, more concentrated knowledge on physical and chemical processes is taught. These are the processes that determine the flow properties, the mobilization and transport of dissolved substances as well as reactions with minerals and rocks and thus the composition and quality of natural and man-made aqueous solutions. A detailed understanding of water and matter cycles in the spectrum of surface, soil and ground water as well as pore, formation and sea-water is also built up here.
Particular attention is paid to practically learning field, laboratory and simulation methods that make quantitative predictions on water quality and yield possible.
(5)
The goal of the Engineering Geology concentration is to provide graduates who already have a scientific professional education and training with a practical qualification for professional activities that require the application of scientific knowledge and methods. By providing students with specific techniques and methods, the combination of scientific and engineering- oriented fields results in practical knowledge that not only can be applied immediately to the world of work, but in addition to a supplementary and concentrated scientific professional education and training in order to be able to take over professional activities in scientific research, too.The Engineering Geology concentration pursues the following educational goals:
interdisciplinary preparation for activities in the field of civil engineering, in particular of rock engineering, aboveground and underground. The issues of practical civil engineering are treated in an engineering way on the basis of scientific geological knowledge. Solutions are specifically worked out for geo-relevant problems, for example, in power plant or traffic route engineering. The fundamental content of the program includes the design, management and evaluation of comprehensive geological exploration programs, geo-technical prognosis, geological documentation, and the geological supervision of rock and foundation engineering projects that accompany construction. Additional focuses are set on the topics of slope instability and mass movements: geogenic causes, triggers, dangers, risks, and stabilization.
§ 3 Length and Structure of the Study Program
(1) The Earth Sciences master’s program is comprised of one stage of study. A total of 90 ECTS credits are planned for courses, and 30 ECTS credits for the master’s thesis including the master’s examination. The workload of the master’s examination should be equivalent to no more than 4 ECTS credits.
(2) The types of courses of this bachelor’s program are listed in § 4 and the individual courses as well as the respective maximum number of participants in § 5a. The arrangement of them into particular semesters ensures that the sequence of courses is optimally based on previous knowledge and that the yearly workload of 60 ECTS credits is not exceeded.
§ 4 Types of Courses
(1)
Lectures (VO): Lectures serve to introduce the methods of the subject and to convey the overall and special knowledge based on general knowledge of the subject, on the current state of research and on particular research fields of the subject.(2)
Lecture with practical exercises (VU): These serve to convey overall and special knowledge (as in the VO) and to develop practical skills. The courses have an immanent examination character. The maximum number of participants is based on the logistical possibilities of the facility (e.g. laboratory equipment) and the staff necessary, and is shown separately for each VU in § 5. Maximum number of participants: 25(3)
Kurs (KS): These are courses in which students work together on the course material with the teachers. The courses have an immanent examination character. Kurse can also take place outside of the place of study. The maximum number of participants is based on the logistical possibilities of the facility (e.g. laboratory equipment) and the staff necessary and is shown separately for each Kurs in § 5a.(4)
Seminars (SE): These are for the purpose of independent scientific work and the scientific discussion of it. A written elaboration of a topic and its oral presentation should be given A discussion should be held on it. The courses have an immanent examination character. Maximum number of participants: 25(5)
Excursions (EX): Excursions serve to present earth science course material outside the place of study and are mainly linked to field inspections. A report has to be written on them and can also include oral presentations of the course material by students.Excursions can be held in Austria or abroad. The courses have an immanent
examination character. The maximum number of participants is based on the excursion destination. Particular consideration has to be given to the safety of the students in the field and the staff necessary. The maximum number of participants for each excursion is show separately in § 5a.
Additional Regulations
• Courses, in particular excursions, can also take place when classes are not being held.
•
If more participants register for a course than the maximum group size, then parallel courses are planned provided that there are enough budgetary means available to cover the costs. These may also be held by arrangement when other classes are not being held. If the respective maximum number of participants is exceeded due to a lack of parallel courses, students are to be accepted into practical exercises and excursions according to the following order of priority:1. Students of the program for which the course is intended and who have already been deferred from this course before.
2. Students of the field of studies for which the course is intended and who have not been deferred from this course yet.
3. Students of other fields of studies.
4.
Non-degree students.• The maximum number of participants can be set according to the logistical situations (available work stations, safety, didactics etc.) that deviate from the information provided.
•
Courses and the examinations on them can be held in English. Courses and examinations as part of the Engineering Geology concentration are held in English.•
Master’s theses can be written in English. The master’s thesis as part of the Engineering Geology concentration is also to be written in English.§ 5 Structure of the Study Program
Courses of the Earth Sciences master’s program are grouped into individual modules based on their topic and competence orientation. A module is defined by its educational goal, and the competences and skills to be acquired by the students. In terms of content, it is a self-
contained educational unit that is made up of several courses. The modularization of study programs is an instrument to structure individual ways of learning, and to promote intra and inter-university mobility, in that a module or a component of a module can be completed at other faculties and universities.
The Earth Sciences master’s program is comprised of one general earth science stage of study that includes Modules 1-6, and is divided into 4 concentrations (Modules 7a to 7d).
In the Earth Sciences master’s program, the concentrations are chosen from the following combinations of modules:
Concentration General Modules Concentration Modules
Total
Number ECTS Number ECTS ECTS
Geology – Petrology 1 to 6 50.5 7a 27.5 78
Geobiology and Palaeoecology 1 to 6 50.5 7b 27.5 78
Hydrogeology and Hydrochemistry 1 to 6 50.5 7c 27.5 78
Engineering Geology 1 to 5 41.5 7d 36.5 78
Free Electives / Elective Courses 12
Descriptions of Modules – Learning Outcomes
•
Modules 1 and 2 provide general earth science qualification in a concentrated way.Knowledge on all the spheres of the earth from the core to the earth’s surface is taught.
•
Module 3 teaches students how to practically implement the abilities acquired in field work as the basis for every other earth science activity.• Module 4 teaches students how to practically acquire the methods and techniques of the Earth Sciences, in particular the use of modern analytical research methods.
• Module 5 teaches students how to use mathematical and analog modeling technologies in the different fields of the Earth Sciences.
• Module 6 teaches students the global contexts within the different fields of the Earth Sciences.
• Modules 7a to 7d provide students with special competences in fundamental research and practical application within the different fields of the Earth Sciences.
§ 5a Overall Semester Schedule
Abbreviations:
SH – Semester hours;
MN – Maximum number of participants;
U – University of Graz
TU – Graz University of Technology
Courses that are held together by both universities are marked in grey.
Course
Location -
Semester incl. ECTS credits
Module Course University SH Typ
e
ECTS
credits MN I II III IV
Module 1
Soil Forming Processes TU 2 VO 2 - 2
Geomorphology and Quarternary Geology TU 1 VO 1.5 - 1.5
Stratigraphy U 2 VO 2 - 2
Petrology of Sediments TU 2 KS 2 20 2 Petrology of the Lithosphere U 2 VO 2 - 2 Structures of the Upper Crust TU 2 VO 3 - 3
Applied Hydrogeology U 2 VO 2 - 2
Subtotal Module 1 13 14.5 7 7.5 0 0
Module 2
Geo-scientific Seminar U TU 1 SE 1 - 1 Characterization of Mountains TU 2 VO 3 - 3 Ductile Structures and Rheology U 2 VU 2 - 2 Fluid Rock Interaction U TU 2 VO 2 - 2
Applied Mineralogy TU 2 VO 2 - 2
Subtotal Module 2 9 10 3 2 5 0
Module 3 (Field Module)
Geological Mapping Course U TU 5 KS 5 15 5 Excursions in Austria and Abroad U TU 3 EX 3 - 3
Subtotal Module 3 8 8 0 5 3 0
Module 4 (Methods of Earth Sciences)
6 ECTS compulsory electives from the “Methods of Earth Sciences” subject area catalog
Methods of Earth Sciences U TU 6 6
Subtotal Module 4 6 6
Module 5 (Modeling)
3 ECTS compulsory electives from the “Modeling in the Earth Sciences” subject area catalog
Modeling in the Earth Sciences U TU 2 3
Subtotal Module 5 2 3
Module 6
Matter Cycles in the Biosphere U 2 VO 3 - 3 Processes of the Lithosphere U 2 VO 3 - 3 Isotopes in the Earth Sciences U 2 VO 3 - 3
Subtotal Module 6 6 9 9
Concentration Modules
Concentration Module 7a: Geology – Petrology Concentration Quantification of Tectonic and Metamorphous
Processes U 4 KS 6 15 6
Field Work / Laboratory Course on Structural
Geology / Petrology U 3 KS 4.5 15 4.5
Theoretical Petrology U 3 VO 4 - 4
Geochemistry of Rocks U 3 VO 4 - 4
9 ECTS compulsory electives from the subject area catalog 3 “Geology – Petrology” or from the concentration modules 7b, 7c, 7d
9 2 7
13 27.5 8 12.5 7 0
Concentration Module 7b: Geobiology and Palaeoecology Concentration
Palaeontological Field and Laboratory Methods U 3 KS 6 15 6
Actual Paleontology U 2 KS 2 20 2
Palaeoceanography and Palaeoclimatology U 2 VO 2 - 2 Proxy Data in Geobiology U 2 VO 2 - 2 Ecosystems in the History of the Earth U 2 VO 2 - 2
Fossil Deposits U 3 KS 4 20 2 2
Stratigraphical Field Methods U 2 KS 3 15 3 6.5 ECTS compulsory electives from the subject
area catalog 4 “Geobiology and Palaeoecology” 6.5 1.5 5
16 27.5 4 12.5 11 0
Concentration Module 7c: Hydrogeology and Hydrogeochemistry
Hydraulic Methods U 2 KS 2 20 2
Material Transport in Groundwater U 3 VO 3 - 3 Hydrogeological Practical Training in the Field U 3 KS 4 15 4 Hydrogeology/Hydrogeochemical Seminar U TU 1 SE 1 - 1 Hydrogeochemical Practical Training in the Field TU 2 KS 3 15 3
Aquatic Geochemistry TU 2 VO 2.5 - 2.5
Hydrogeochemical Modeling TU 2 KS 3 15 3 Experimental Practical Laboratory Training TU 2 KS 3 15 3 6 ECTS compulsory electives from the subject area
catalog 5 “Hydrogeology and Hydrogeochemistry”
or from the concentration modules 7a, 7b, 7d
6 6
17 27.5 2 12.5 13 0
Concentration Module 7d: Engineering Geology
Geotechnics TU 8.5 VU 13 - 13
Geotechnical Monitoring TU 3 VU 4 - 4
Engineering Geological Investigation TU 2 VO 3 - 3
Mass Movements TU 2 VO 3 - 3
Clays and Clay Minerals in Geotechnics TU 1.5 VO 1.5 - 1.5
Applied Petrology TU 2 VO 2 - 2
Field Methods of Rock Mass Characterization TU 2 KS 3 5 3
Tunnel Mapping TU 1.5 KS 2.5 5 2.5
Engineering Geological Field Excursion TU 3 EX 3 15 3 Engineering Geological Laboratory Methods TU 1 KS 1.5 5 1.5
26.5 36.5 8.5 13 15 0
Master’s Thesis incl. Master’s Examination 30 30
Total of Required Subjects Modules 1-5 38 41.5 10 14.5 8 0
Total of Required Subjects Module 6 6 9 9 0 0 0
Free Electives / Free Elective Courses 12
Geology – Petrology Concentration
Required Subjects Module 4 6
Required Subjects Module 5 3
Free Electives / Free Elective Courses 3 3 6
Total of Geology – Petrology Concentration 120 30 30 30 30
Geobiology and Palaeoecology Concentration
Required Subjects Module 4 6
Required Subjects Module 5 3
Free Electives / Free Elective Courses 4 3 5
Total of Geobiology and Palaeoecology Concentration 120 30 30 30 30
Hydrogeology and Hydrogeochemistry Concentration
Compulsory Subjects Module 4 2 4
Compulsory Subjects Module 5 3
Free Electives / Free Elective Courses 4 3 5 Total of Hydrogeology and Hydrogeochemistry
Concentration 120 30 30 30 30
Engineering Geology Concentration
Compulsory Subjects Module 4 6
Compulsory Subjects Module 5 3
Free Electives / Free Elective Courses 5.5 2.5 4
Total of Engineering Geology Concentration 120 30 30 30 30
Subject Area Catalogs
Subject Area Catalog 1: Methods of Earth Sciences
Statistical Methods TU 2 KS 2 20 2
Water Analysis and Characterization TU 2 KS 2 15 2
Applied Geophysics TU 2 VO 3 - 3
X-ray Methods in the Earth Sciences U 2 KS 2 15 2 Electron Microscopy for Earth Scientists U 2 KS 2 15 2 Electron Beam Microanalysis U 2 KS 2 15 2 Methods for Isotopes in the Earth Sciences U 2 KS 2 15 2
Rock Analysis U 2 KS 2 15 2
Spectroscopic Methods U TU 2 KS 2 15 2
GIS & Remote Sensing for Earth Scientists TU 2 KS 2 20 2
Subject Area Catalog 2: Modeling in the Earth Sciences
Modeling of Geological – Petrological Processes U 2 KS 3 20 3 Modeling of Geobiological Processes U 2 KS 3 20 3
Groundwater Modeling U 2 KS 3 20 3
Engineering Geology Modeling TU 2 KS 3 20 3
Subject Area Catalog 3: Geology and Petrology
Experimental Mineralogy and Petrology U 3 KS 5 - 5 Mineralogy and Petrology of Rock Forming
Minerals U 3 VO 3 - 3
Petrology of the Lithosphere II U 2 VO 2 - 2 Crust Fluids and Liquid Inclusions U 2 KS 3 - 3
Neotectonics U 2 VO 2 - 2
Subject Area Catalog 4: Geobiology and Palaeoecology
Animal Morphology Proseminar U 3 PS 4 -
General Ecology U 3 VO 5 -
Evolution U 3 VO 4.5 -
Molecular Evolution U 1 VO 2 -
Ecosystems of the Earth U 1 VO 2 -
Introduction to the Vegetation of the Earth U 1 VO 1.5 -
Subject Area Catalog 5: Hydrogeology and Hydrochemistry
Isotopes and Tracers in Aquatic Systems U 2 VO 3 - 3
Water Quality TU 2 VO 2 - 2
Fissure and Karst Aquifers U 2 VO 3 - 3
Geothermics TU 1 VO 1 - 1
Water Analysis and Characterization TU 2 KS 3 - 3
§ 5b Free Electives / Free Elective Courses
Free electives / free elective courses in the Earth Sciences master’s program can be freely chosen from the courses offered at any recognized domestic or foreign university.
Recommendations
For the Engineering Geology concentration, students are recommended to choose the following courses from the Subject Area Catalogs 1 and 2:
• Statistical Methods
• Applied Geophysics
• GIS & Remote Sensing for Earth Scientists
• Engineering Geology Modeling
For the Hydrogeology and Hydrogeochemistry concentration, students are recommended to choose the following courses from the Subject Area Catalogs 1 and 2:
• Water Analysis and Characterization
• Methods for Isotopes in the Earth Sciences
• Applied Geophysics
• GIS & Remote Sensing for Earth Scientists
• Groundwater Modeling
§ 6 Examination Regulations
Each course is assessed individually. This also applies to the master’s thesis. Guidelines for writing the master’s thesis are set down by the responsible bodies of the respective university.
A hearing by the inter-university working group “Earth Sciences Study Curricular Committee”
is recommended.
(1) Examinations on courses held in the form of lectures (VO) have to cover the entire content of the course.
(2) The assessment of courses held in the form of lectures with practical exercises (VU), Kurse (KS), excursions (EX) and seminars (SE) takes place continually on the basis of contributions by the students or by accompanying tests.
(3) Successful completion of course examinations is assessed with “sehr gut” (very good, 1),
“gut” (good, 2), “befriedigend” (satisfactory, 3) or “genügend” (sufficient, 4), whereas a negative result is given a “nicht genügend” (insufficient, 5).
(4) Resit examinations: Students are entitled to resit negatively assessed examinations a total of 4 times. All the appearances for the same examination subject in all the relevant
study programs at the same university are to be counted towards the number of permissible examination appearances.
(5) Examination dates: Three examination dates are offered per semester. These
examinations are set as far as possible at the end of the semester in which the course was offered, and at the beginning and in the middle of the following semester.
(6) The topic of the master’s thesis is to be selected from the subject area of the concentration chosen.
§ 7 Master’s Thesis
The topic of the master’s thesis is to be selected from the subject area of the concentration chosen (§ 5a Module 7a to 7d). The governing body responsible for academic affairs at the respective university decides on exceptions. In addition, a hearing by the inter-university working group “Earth Sciences Study Curricular Committee” is recommended. The master’s thesis including the master’s examination (§7a) is worth 30 ECTS credits.
The advising of the master’s thesis has to be done by a habilitated professor or by an equally qualified scientist from the field of Earth Sciences. The governing body responsible for academic affairs at the respective university decides on exceptions. The governing body responsible for academic affairs at the respective university decides on exceptions.
§ 7a Master’s Examination
(1) The master’s examination consists of:
a. Proof of successful completion of all the courses according to § 5a b. A positively assessed master’s thesis
c. A final examination before a committee
(2)
Students have to satisfy the prerequisites for admission to the final examination before a committee which are indicated in Paragraph 1, letters a and b. The appointment of the examination senate is incumbent on the Dean of Studies of the university. Students have the right to file an application concerning the person with the governing body responsible for academic affairs. The chair of the examination committee is that member of the examination senate who is neither the advisor of the master’s thesis nor examiner.(3) The final examination before a committee consists of
• A presentation of the master’s thesis (max. 20 minutes)
• The defense of the master’s thesis and
•
An examination on a module whose subject matter is related to the master’s thesis.The subject area is determined by the governing body responsible for academic affairs upon the suggestion of the candidate. The final examination before a committee should last no longer than 60 minutes. The overall mark of this examination before a committee is given by the examination senate.
(4) The certificate on the master’s examination includes
• All the courses according to § 5a and their assessment,
• The title of the master’s thesis and its assessment
• The assessment of the final examination before a committee.
(5) The workload for the master’s examination should be equivalent to no more than 4 ECTS credits.
§ 8 Interim Regulations
(1)
Students, who have begun their Earth Sciences bachelor’s program before this curriculum comes into effect, are entitled to complete their study program within the time period allotted to acquire all the ECTS credits to complete the study program plus two additional semesters (end of summer semester 2009). This is an 6 semester time period. If the study program is not completed by then, then the students have to pursue their studies according to the present curriculum. However, students are entitled to adopt this curriculum of the Earth Sciences master’s program voluntarily at any time.(2)
Students, who have to pursue their studies according to the curriculum of the master’s program according to § 8 Paragraph 1, can apply to have the proofs of achievement acquired in the previously valid curriculum accredited, provided these are equivalent to the required examinations of the present curriculum.(3)
Students, who have begun Engineering Geology master’s program of Graz University of Technology before this curriculum comes into effect, are entitled to complete their study program within the time period allotted to acquire all the ECTS credits to complete the study program plus two additional semesters (end of summer semester 2009). This is an 6 semester time period. If the study program is not completed by then, then the students have to pursue their studies according to the present curriculum. However, students are entitled to adopt this curriculum of the Earth Sciences master’s program voluntarily at any time.(4)
Students, who have to pursue their studies according to the curriculum of the master’s program according to § 8 Paragraph 3, can apply to have the proofs of achievement acquired in the previously valid curriculum accredited, provided these are equivalent to the required examinations of the present curriculum.§ 9 ECTS Credits
According to the European Credit and Accumulation Transfer System, the individual courses are allocated ECTS credits which describe the relative share of the workload. The workload of one academic year is 60 ECTS credits.
§ 10 Coming into Effect
This curriculum came into effect on 1 October 2006.