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(1)

Following the relatively dry weather of the

previous two months, unsettled conditions

during much of June gave a wet month in almost

all areas. Rain or showers were recorded on

many days and were heavy at times, with

frequent thunderstorms. After a warm start to the

month, temperatures were close to normal values

throughout most of June; the early part of the

month was also the sunniest. Rainfall totals were

above normal almost everywhere, with around

twice the normal June rainfall measured in the

south and southeast of the country. Relatively

little rain was measured between the 7th and

16th, but some heavy falls were recorded at other

Monthlyy Weather

Bulletin

N

No

o.. 2

26

66

6

JUNE 2008

W

W

ETTER THAN NORMAL ALMOST EVERYWHERE

;;

S

SU

UN

NS

SH

HIIN

NE

E A

AN

ND

D T

TE

EM

MP

PE

ER

RA

AT

TU

UR

RE

E A

AR

RO

OU

UN

ND

D N

NO

OR

RM

MA

ALL

Taking the plunge during the spell of fine weather early in the month- this picture was taken near Crosshaven, Co. Cork on the 10th. (picture Irish Examiner)

INSIDE

INSIDE

Heavy rain and strong winds Heavy rain and strong winds during second half of June- during second half of June- page 3page 3

Wind & Elements ... 4

Wind & Elements ... 4

Marine & Pr

Marine & Pr

essur

essur

e ...

e ...

5

5

Agmet /La

Agmet /La

b ...

b ...

6

6

Diary ... 8

Diary ... 8

R

R

ainf

ainf

all ...

all ...

10

10

T

T

emper

emper

a

a

tur

tur

e ...

e ...

12

12

Sunshine ...

Sunshine ...

14

14

W

W

or

or

ld w

ld w

ea

ea

ther ...

ther ...

15

15

Global w

Global w

ea

ea

ther

ther

summary f

summary f

or 2007...

or 2007...

16

16

Produced by Met Éireann, Glasnevin Hill, Dublin 9. Annual subscription 80 euro

For more information-tel: +353-1-8064260 fax: +353-1-8064216 [email protected]

(2)

times. Almost all stations recorded their

wettest day of the month on the 21st,

when a band of heavy rain was followed

by widespread thunderstorms. Around

50mm of rain was measured on this day

in the south and southeast, the wettest

June day for 50 years at Johnstown

Castle. Between 13 and 19 wetdays were

widely recorded (days with 1mm or

more rainfall), slightly more than

normal for June. Mean monthly air

temperatures were a little higher than

normal generally, but were below

normal at some inland stations. It was

the coolest June for between 6 and 9

years in many places. Ground frost was

recorded in some inland areas at times;

Birr observed five ground frosts during

the first half of the month, compared

with its average number for June of just

one. It was a relatively sunny month in

the south and west of the country, while

sunshine totals were near normal in the

north and east.

1st to 6th:

Shallow areas of low pressure

were centred close to Ireland for most of

this period, with a deeper depression near

the northwest coast on the 4th. Warm and

humid conditions at the beginning of the

month brought mainly fair weather in the

east, but thundery showers developed

during the afternoons over the western half

of the country. An active frontal system

gave a spell of heavy rain in many places on

the 4th, followed by cooler weather with a

few showers. South to southwesterly winds

were mainly light, but fresher in all areas on

the 3rd, veering to a more westerly

direction late in the period.

7th to 16th:

Pressure rose across the

country as an anticyclone developed to the

southwest. Rainfall amounts during this

period were small, with dry but mainly

cloudy conditions on many days. An

exception was the 11th, when a band of

2

WEATHER

June 2008

Above

(3)

rain moved southwards over all areas; some

light showers were recorded at other times

also, mainly near coasts. After warm

weather early in the period, temperatures

fell below normal from the 11th onwards,

as winds veered from a southwesterly to a

mainly northerly direction.

17th to 30th:

Unsettled weather returned,

as unusually deep depressions for late June

moved close to or over the country. Rain or

showers were recorded each day and were

heavy and thundery at times, particularly on

the 18th, 21st and 26th. A daily fall of over

25mm in many places on the 21st brought

localised flooding. Strong winds were

recorded also, particularly on the 22nd,

when there were gales gusts in all areas as a

vigorous depression crossed the country.

Most days were cloudy with near normal

temperatures, becoming a little warmer at

the end of the month.

Wind and elements:

Mean windspeeds

for the month of between 7 and 16 knots

(13 and 30km/h) were near normal

generally; they were light for much of the

month, but stronger during the final third.

Almost all stations recorded their strongest

winds on the 22nd, when the highest gust

of the month, 51 knots(94km/h), was

recorded at Casement Aerodrome. This was

the highest June gust at the station since

1980. Thunderstorms were frequent and

were particularly widespread on the 1st,

19th and 21st. Hail showers were recorded

on the 5th, 22nd and 29th. Fog was most

widespread on the 1st, 8th and 9th.

3

WEATHER

June 2008

Below

The weather during the second half of the month was dominated by areas of low pressure to the west or northwest of Ireland, bringing frequent rain or showers and some unusually windy weather.

(4)

4

WIND & ELEMENTS

CO. CARLOW

Carlow (Oak Park) 6.9 240° 26 22/06 230° 40 22/0701 0 1 14

CO. CAVAN

Ballyhaise 6.2 240° 18 25/13 250° 32 22/1250 0 0 0

250° 32 25/1316

CO. CLARE

Shannon Airport 9.1 250° 35 22/06 250° 48 22/0438 1 5 23 0 0 0 1 2

CO. CORK

Cork Airport 8.9 270° 24 22/09 210° 38 18/1116 0 4 6 0 0 0 0 6

Roche’s Point 11.4 220° 31 26/14 220° 39 26/1441 0 7 23

CO. DONEGAL

Malin Head 14.5 240° 35 25/16 230° 50 25/1312 1 12 64 0 0 0 0 0

CO. DUBLIN

Casement 9.1 240° 36 22/09 250° 51 22/0837 1 3 17 0 0 0 2 2

Dublin Airport 9.9 260° 37 22/13 240° 48 22/0830 1 2 24 0 0 0 0 1

CO. KERRY

Valentia Observatory 8.8 290° 32 22/01 290° 45 22/0052 0 6 17 0 0 0 0 4

CO. MAYO

Belmullet 11.0 180° 28 3/23 240° 46 25/0916 0 9 43 0 0 1 1 0

170° 28 4/01

Knock Airport 8.9 290° 28 22/08 240° 43 25/ 931 0 3 17 0 0 1 2 10

260° 28 25/13

CO. OFFALY

Birr 6.6 240° 22 22/07 240° 39 22/0615 0 2 5 0

CO. WESTMEATH

Mullingar 5.6 150° 17 24/16 250° 35 22/0930 0 1 2

CO. WEXFORD

Johnstown Castle 6.8 200° 19 22/02 210° 36 22/0324 0 1 2

210° 19 26/15

W

IND

((KNOTS))

E

LE

EME

ENTS

County /

Station

Valentia Observatory

Dublin Airport

June 2008

Mean Max. 10-min. mean Max. Gust Days with Hours with

speed dir. speed date/hour dir. speed date/time gales gale gusts gale gusts Snow Snow Lying Hail Thunder Fog

P

ERCENTAGE FREQUENCY OF WIND DIRECTION

N

NE

NW

NW

SW

SW

W

W

SE

SE

NE

N

E

S

E

S

Calm: 0.0%

Calm: 0.3%

2% 4%

6% 8%

2% 4%

6% 8%

1-10 knots >10 knots

(5)

5

MARINE & PRESSURE

HHoouurrllyy w

wiinndd aanndd w

waavvee ccoonnddiittiioonnss aatt M

M33 ((5511..2222°°NN,, 1100..5555°°W

W))

dd

ee

gg

rree

ee

ss

ffrr

oo

mm

nn

oo

rrtt

hh

kknn

oo

ttss

°°CC

360 300

200

100 0

17 16 15 14 13 12 40 30 20 10 0

M

E

EA

AN

N

A

T

TM

MO

OS

SP

PH

HE

ER

RIIC

C

P

R

RE

ES

SS

SU

UR

RE

E

Mean sea level pressure values for the month varied

between 1013hPa in the north and 1017hPa in the

southwest, close to normal values for June. Pressure

was near or above normal during the first half of

the month, but fell below normal during the second

half. The highest pressure value of the month,

1031.2hPa, was measured at Valentia Observatory

on the 10th, while the month’s lowest value of

990.1hPa was recorded at Ballyhaise on the 22nd, as

a depression moved slowly across Ireland.

mm

ee

ttrr

ee

ss

12 10 8 6 4 2 0

30˚N 40˚N 50˚N 60˚N 70˚N

20˚W 0˚ 20˚E

H

1024 H

1016

H 1009

L 1007

1016

1016

1016 1016

1016

June 2008

M

ARINE

O

BSERVATIONS FROM

I

RISH

M

ARINE

D

ATA

B

UOY

N

ETWORK

Monthly mean MSL pressure, based on 1200 UTC values

SSuum

mm

maarryy ooff M

Meeaann M

Moonntthhllyy VVaalluueess

Sea Mean Max. Mean Max. Buoy surface wind 10-min wave wave

temp. speed wind height height

(°C) (knots) (knots) (m.) (m.)

M2 n/a 12.9 37 0.9 3.4

M3 14.6 n/a n/a 2.2 5.3

M4 not available

M5 13.7 13.6 34 1.5 4.6

M6 not available

Malin 12.9

Head

Wind Direction

Wind Speed

Sea Temperature

Wave Height

1 5 10 15 DATE 20 25 30

M6



M5

z

Malin Head

M4





M2

M3



M

Meeaann ddaaiillyy M

Meeaann SSeeaa LLeevveell pprreessssuurree

(hPa) 980

990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Valentia Observatory

Malin Head

(6)

6

AGMET / LABORATORY

CO. CARLOW

CARLOW (OAK PARK) 16.1 15.8 14.7

CO. CAVAN

BALLYHAISE 15.4 14.8 14.1

CO. CLARE

SHANNON AIRPORT 16.6 16.3 15.7 CARRON 15.6 15.8

CO. CORK

ROCHE’S POINT 15.7 15.0 15.0 FERMOY (MOORE PARK) 14.9 14.8 15.3 CORK AIRPORT 15.9 15.6 14.9 SHERKIN ISLAND 16.1 15.6 14.8 BALLINCURRIG (PEAFIELD) 14.4 14.6 15.9

CO. DONEGAL

MALIN HEAD 15.8 15.2 14.4

CO. DUBLIN

DUBLIN AIRPORT 15.9 15.6 15.2 CASEMENT AERODROME 16.7 16.3 15.1

CO. KERRY

VALENTIA OBSERVATORY 17.3 16.8 16.8 CO. LIMERICK

MOUNT RUSSELL 13.6 14.2

CO. LOUTH

ARDEE (BOHARNAMOE) 15.1 15.3 15.1

CO. MAYO

BELMULLET 17.1 17.0 17.6 STRAIDE 14.3 KNOCK AIRPORT 14.3 14.1 13.8

CO. MEATH

WARRENSTOWN 14.5 14.9 15.8

CO. OFFALY

BIRR 16.5 15.5 16.0

CO. TIPPERARY

FETHARD (PARSONSHILL) 13.4 14.6

CO. WATERFORD

DUNGARVAN (CARRIGLEA) 15.7 15.8

CO. WESTMEATH

MULLINGAR 15.6 15.5 15.6

CO. WEXFORD

JOHNSTOWN CASTLE 15.9 15.3 15.7 JOHN F. KENNEDY PARK 15.9 15.4 16.0 CLONROCHE (KNOXTOWN) 14.8 15.1 15.4

100mm 200mm 300mm

County/ Station

Soil Temperatures at 0900UTC

°C June 2008

Mean 100mm

Soil Temperatures (°C)

at 0900UTC

(difference from 1961-90 normals in brackets)

Soil Moisture Deficits (mm)

10th of month / end of month

(0 represents field capacity, -10 saturation)

15.8

(+2.3)

14.3

15.4

16.6

(+1.9)

17.3

(+2.9)

16.1

(+1.2)

15.9

(+1.5)

16.5

(+2.0)

15.9

(+2.3)

15.6

(+1.9)

16.7

(+2.6)

57/25

38/-10

11/-3

42/27

36/6

43/7

16/4

63/13

30/3

14/-5

41/10

56/22

17.1

(+3.1)

NO2-N

  

SO2-S

„ „ „ SO4-S z z z

(μgs/m3)

electrical conductivity

(

μ

S/cm)

Chemical Analysis of Precipitation and Air Samples

at Valentia Observatory

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29

0 50 100 150 200 250 3 4 5 6 7 8 PRECIPITATION AIR

Acid rain occurs when pollutants combine with moisture in the air to form sulphuric or nitric acid. pH is the simplest way of measuring the acidity of precipitation. Usually pH of 7.00 is considered neutral but this is not the case in rainfall samples. Pure water in the atmosphere has an equilibrium pH value of 5.65 at 20°C owing to carbon dioxide in the air dissolving to form carbonic acid. Any value below pH 5.65 is considered acid while any value above is considered alkaline.

Sulphur dioxide and sulphate in air contribute to the formation of sulphuric acid; nitrate in air contributes to the formation of nitric acid.

Conductivity measures the total ion activity in the rainfall, i.e. the higher the conductivity the greater the number of ions present.

pH

data shown here are interim values and are subject to change pH and electrical conductivity are

(7)

7

AGMET

June 2008

Co. Cavan 1-10 15.0 - 7 5 19.7 8.4 14.1 - 2.9 5 0 97 47 2.7 10 0 - - 77.1 - Cavan (Loreto) 11-20 12.4 - 8 4 16.6 7.9 12.3 - 5.5 14 0 78 28 2.7 20 0 - - 51.6 -

21-end 32.8 - 10 7 16.9 10.2 13.6 - 6.8 21 0 92 38 2.7 21 0 - - 24.9 -

month 60.2 - 25 16 17.7 8.8 13.3 - 2.9 5 0 267 112 2.7 21 0 - - 153.6 -

Co. Cork 1-10 10.4 - 5 3 19.3 8.6 14.0 - 3.9 6 0 96 45 -1.9 6 3 15.0 15.2 77.6 - Fermoy 11-20 30.8 - 5 4 17.2 9.0 13.1 - 5.8 15 0 87 35 -0.3 15 1 14.9 15.6 47.6 -

21-end 57.0 - 8 7 17.8 11.7 14.8 - 8.2 23 0 103 48 4.4 23 0 15.0 15.0 36.3 -

month 98.2 158 18 14 18.1 9.8 14.0 0.5 3.9 6 0 286 128 -1.9 6 4 14.9 15.3 161.5 98

Co. Donegal 1-10 26.1 - 7 5 19.0 9.1 14.1 - 3.2 5 0 97 44 1.8 5 0 - - - - Glenties 11-20 25.7 - 10 8 15.9 7.6 11.8 - 4.3 16 0 73 24 1.1 16 0 - - - -

21-end 80.4 - 10 10 16.5 10.1 13.3 - 4.5 21 0 89 35 3.5 21 0 - - - -

month 132.2 150 27 23 17.1 8.9 13.0 0.4 3.2 5 0 259 103 1.1 16 0 - - - -

Co. Kerry 1-10 9.6 - 4 1 19.2 10.1 14.7 - 6.1 7 0 103 49 3.5 7 0 - - 69.1 - Ardfert 11-20 44.8 - 7 5 18.0 9.3 13.7 - 5.8 15 0 92 40 3.5 13 0 - - 59.2 -

21-end 46.6 - 9 6 18.3 11.6 15.0 - 9.3 23 0 106 50 8.0 23 0 - - 32.7 -

month 101.0 - 20 12 18.5 10.3 14.4 1.2 5.8 15 0 301 139 3.5 13 0 - - 161.0 -

Co. Louth 1-10 3.3 - 2 2 19.4 7.9 13.7 - 4.5 5 0 92 42 -1.0 5 1 16.3 16.0 - - Ardee 11-20 13.8 - 4 3 17.2 7.4 12.3 - 4.0 16 0 79 30 -0.2 16 1 14.3 15.1 - - 21-end 39.8 - 8 8 17.6 9.9 13.8 - 7.7 21 0 93 39 2.6 23 0 14.7 14.1 - -

month 56.9 98 14 13 18.1 8.4 13.3 0.3 4.0 16 0 265 111 -1.0 5 2 15.1 15.1 - -

Co. Waterford 1-10 11.4 - 3 3 20.2 8.6 14.4 - 5.5 7 0 100 49 2.4 7 0 - 15.8 87.5 - Dungarvan 11-20 52.9 - 4 4 18.1 9.2 13.7 - 7.0 15 0 92 40 3.5 15 0 - 15.8 58.2 - 21-end 48.0 - 9 7 18.7 11.5 15.1 - 7.3 23 0 107 51 4.1 23 0 - 15.8 52.7 -

month 112.3 - 16 14 19.0 9.7 14.4 0.6 5.5 7 0 299 141 2.4 7 0 - 15.8 198.4 117

Co. Wexford 1-10 19.5 - 3 2 18.5 10.0 14.3 - 8.2 4 0 98 44 5.6 4 0 16.4 16.0 78.6 - Johnstown Castle 11-20 73.5 - 6 4 16.4 9.9 13.2 - 8.2 19 0 88 33 6.9 16 0 16.1 15.9 50.8 -

21-end 44.0 - 9 7 16.9 10.8 13.9 - 8.4 23 0 94 39 6.2 23 0 15.3 15.2 33.5 -

month 137.0 225 18 13 17.2 10.3 13.8 0.7 8.2 19 0 280 116 5.6 4 0 15.9 15.7 162.9 97

amount % of average rain days wet days mean max. mean min. mean daily diff. from average lowest min. date days with air frost degree days > 4.4°C degree days > 10.0°C lowest "grass-min." date days with ground frost mean 10cm at 0900h mean 30cm at 0900h total no. of hours % of average

S

Stta

attiio

on

n

period

R

AINFALL

T

EMPERATURE(°C)

S

UNSHINE

(MM) (HOURS)

10-

DAY VALUES FOR SELECTED

A

GROMETEOROLOGICAL

S

TATIONS

M

M

EEAASSUURREEDD

P

P

OOTTEENNTTIIAALL

E

E

VVAAPPOOTTRRAANNSSPPIIRRAATTIIOONN

((P

P..E

E..))

A

ANNDD

S

S

OOIILL

M

M

OOIISSTTUURREE

P.E.(mm) Soil Moisture(mm)

Station Period Amount Deficit Accum’ltd Deficit Surplus

M

M

OONNTTHHLLYY

E

E

VVAAPPOORRAATTIIOONN

((

MMMM

))

FFRROOMM

C

C

LLAASSSS

A

A P

P

AANN County Station Monthly Monthly

Rainfall (mm) Evaporation (mm)

Clare Kilmaley n/a n/a

Cork Fermoy (Moorepark) 98.2 101.0

Kerry Valentia Observatory 147.8 92.3

Kildare Poulaphuca 79.7 61.1

Mayo Newport (Furnace) 127.3 69.6

Offaly Derrygreenagh 102.3 73.1

Waterford Dungarvan (Carriglea) 112.3 91.2

Wexford Johnstown Castle 137.0 106.8

P

P..E

E..

(Penman)

G

G

LLOOBBAALL

S

S

OOLLAARR

R

R

AADDIIAATTIIOONN

(MJ/sq.m.)

Station total(mm) 1st-10th 11th-20th 21st-end Total

28.0 3 5 -22.3 - 4 1 23.3 - 0 47

73.6

24.4 5 8 -31.9 - 4 4 48.6 - 0 31

104.9

Co.Carlow

Carlow (Oak Park)

Co.Cavan Ballyhaise Co.Clare Shannon Airport Co.Cork Cork Airport Roche’s Point Co.Donegal Malin Head Co.Dublin Dublin Airport Casement Aerodrome Co Kerry Valentia Obs. Co.Mayo Belmullet Knock Airport Co.Offaly Birr Co.Westmeath Mullingar Co.Wexford Johnstown Castle

186.18 164.94 134.26 485.38

200.61 171.82 124.84 497.27

216.51 155.50 152.96 524.97

195.63 195.09 144.47 535.19

206.54 169.68 141.24 517.46

222.64 198.55 138.90 560.09

208.95 211.68 148.91 569.54

199.63 160.78 125.51 485.92

185.40 163.00 126.50 474.90

192.17 162.94 144.04 499.15

Co. Kerry

1-10 Valentia Obs. 11-20

21-end

month Co. Wexford

(8)

Sunday 1st:Sunny spells during the morning in all but southwestern areas, where it was overcast with outbreaks of light drizzle. The sunshine continued into the afternoon in most parts, however, there were also heavy thundery showers, most of these occuring in the west of the country. These showers continued into the evening in the west and southwest, elsewhere it was a sunny evening followed by clear spells. Winds were light and variable in direction.

Rainfall: nil to <1mm generally, 16mm at Knock Airport, 14mm at Shannon Airport Temperature: max. 17°C to 24°C, min. 7°C to 12°C

Sunshine: 3 to 14 hours, sunniest at Belmullet, 3 hours at Valentia

Monday 2nd:Dry and clear overnight with widespread mist and fog. The mist and fog lingered in places during the early morning, becoming sunny throughout by noon. By mid-afternoon showers developed in the west, north and midlands, with thundery outbreaks in places. Showers continued in these areas during the evening, but it remained dry further east with sunny spells. Winds were light and variable in direction.

Rainfall: nil to 7mm, heaviest at Mullingar Temperature: max. 16°C to 22°C, min. 4°C to 11°C

Sunshine: 3 to 11 hours, sunniest at Dublin Airport, 3 hours at Shannon Airport

Tuesday 3rd:Showery outbreaks of rain in the northwest at first, but these died out during the morning. It was a fine day generally with long spells of sunshine everywhere. Cooler than of late, however, with moderate to fresh winds. Cloud built up in the west in the late afternoon and early evening and by late evening there were outbreaks of rain here. Winds were variable or southerly, moderate with occasional higher gusts.

Rainfall: nil to 1mm, heaviest at Valentia

Temperature: max. 15°C to 19°C, min. 7°C to 12°C

Sunshine: 12 to 14 hours, sunniest at Dublin Airport, 12 hours at Valentia

Wednesday 4th:A band of rain approached the west coast during the early hours and spread eastwards across the country during the day, affecting all areas by evening. A clearance reached the west coast by mid-morning and there were sunny spells in most areas after the rain. By midnight, the rain had cleared all but the east coast. Winds were southerly or variable in direction, light to moderate with the higher gusts around coasts.

Rainfall: 2 to 21mm, heaviest at Valentia, 2mm at Casement Aerodrome Temperature: max. 13°C to 17°C, min. 5°C to 10°C

Sunshine: <1 to 11 hours, sunniest at Valentia, <1 hour at Malin Head

Thursday 5th: Cold in the midlands and east overnight with a slight touch

of ground frost. A dry start in all areas. Long spells of sunshine in the west and south, overcast in the east. Rain along the east coast by late morning moved slowly northwards during the afternoon. Heavy, thundery showers affected the western half of the country in the afternoon. These showers died out gradually in the evening. Light, variable winds overnight became westerly during the day and were blustery near showers.

Rainfall: nil to 13mm, heaviest at Knock Airport, nil at Cork Airport and Birr Temperature: max. 12°C to 17°C, min. 2°C to 9°C, ground temperatures

down to -3°C at Birr

Sunshine: trace to 13 hours, sunniest at Shannon Airport

Friday 6th: Dry in many places overnight apart from the north and northwest, where there was some rain or showers. The rain continued in the extreme north during the morning, staying mostly dry elsewhere with sunny spells. Sunny spells with some heavy showers during the afternoon and evening. Winds were light and variable in direction.

Rainfall: nil to 13mm, heaviest at Knock Airport

Temperature: max. 14°C to 17°C, min. 5°C to 10°C, ground temperatures

down to -2°C at Birr

Sunshine: <1 to 14 hours, sunniest at Valentia, <1 hour at Malin Head

Saturday 7th:A sunny start to the day everywhere. Becoming cloudy in the west by noon. Outbreaks of rain and drizzle along the western Atlantic seaboard during the afternoon moved eastwards, becoming lighter. The eastern and northern half of the country remained dry with sunshine. Winds were variable, light to moderate, but gusty in the northwest.

Rainfall: nil to 4mm, heaviest at Valentia

Temperature: max. 16°C to 21°C, min. 3°C to 9°C, ground temperatures

down to -2°C at Birr

Sunshine: 5 to 14 hours, sunniest at Casement Aerodrome, 5 hours at Belmullet

Sunday 8th:Outbreaks of patchy rain or drizzle in west Ulster, Connacht and west Munster overnight but mostly dry and clear elsewhere. Any rain, drizzle or fog cleared away southwards during the morning and most areas had a dry and warm day with some sunny spells. The dull, humid weather lingered on southern coastal areas for much of the afternoon, giving outbreaks of rain at times. Winds were light to moderate, southwesterly or variable.

Rainfall: nil to 3mm, heaviest at Cork Airport Temperature: max. 16°C to 21°C, min. 8°C to 13°C

Sunshine: nil to 10 hours, sunniest at Malin Head, nil at Valentia

Monday 9th:Mild and humid overnight with mist and fog patches and a few patches of drizzle. It was a generally dry and warm day with sunny intervals, cloudier along western and northwestern coasts with patches of drizzle at times. Mild again after dark. Light to moderate southwest to westerly winds were fresh and gusty at times on northwestern coasts.

Rainfall: nil to trace

Temperature: max. 17°C to 23°C, min. 11°C to 14°C

Sunshine: trace to 10 hours, sunniest at Dublin Airport, trace at Valentia

Tuesday 10th: Mild overnight.Clear weather countrywide after drizzle and fog in the north and northwest cleared. Mostly dry and warm during the day with sunny spells. Some light rain and drizzle in the northern half of the country during the evening, elsewhere it remained dry. Winds were light to moderate, west to northwesterly in direction.

Rainfall: nil to trace generally, <1mm at Belmullet and Knock Airport Temperature: max. 16°C to 22°C, min. 10°C to 13°C

Sunshine: 4 to 13 hours, sunniest at Cork Airport, 4 hours at Malin Head

Wednesday 11th:A mainly cloudy day throughout with most sunshine in the extreme south. After a dry start in most parts, rain developed in the north by late morning and spread gradually southwards during the day. The rain cleared most parts by midnight. Cool except in the extreme south, where early morning sunshine gave a warm start to the day. Winds were north or northwesterly, light to moderate.

Rainfall: 1 to 9mm, heaviest at Birr, 1mm at Valentia Temperature: max.13°C to 21°C, min. 9°C to 13°C Sunshine: nil to 2 hours, sunniest at Cork Airport

Thursday 12thWell-scattered light showers in Ulster and isolated light showers in Connacht throughout the period. Sunny spells countrywide, especially in the south, southwest and west. Winds were light to moderate northwesterly.

Rainfall: nil to trace generally, 1mm at Knock Airport Temperature: max. 13°C to 17°C, min. 6°C to 11°C

Sunshine: 2 to 8 hours, sunniest at Cork Airport, 2 hours at Birr

Friday 13th: A few showers overnight, heaviest in the northwest. After

dawn there was a mixture of sunny spells, cloudy periods and occasional showers that passed quickly and gave only small amounts of rainfall. There were periods of sunshine also, particularly in the north and west. Generally cool. Winds were light, northerly in direction.

Rainfall: nil to 3mm, heaviest at Knock Airport Temperature: max.14°C to 16°C, min. 7°C to 11°C

Sunshine: 1 to 10 hours, sunniest at Malin Head, 1 hour at Valentia

Saturday 14th: Some showers in the northwest and north overnight. The

showers became more widespread during the morning, some heavy, and there were sunny spells also. Sunny spells during the afternoon with just a few showers, dying out by evening. Light northerly winds.

Rainfall: nil to 3mm, heaviest at Mullingar

Temperature: max. 14°C to 17°C, min. 3°C to 10°C, ground temperatures

down to -1°C at Birr

Sunshine: 4 to 12 hours, sunniest at Shannon Airport, 4 hours at Cork Airport

Sunday 15th:Showers in the north and northwest during the morning, mainly dry with some sunny spells elsewhere. The showers became more frequent over the country during the afternoon and heavier also. Generally dry by evening apart from the north. Winds were light, northerly in direction.

Rainfall: nil to 2mm, heaviest at Mullingar and Malin Head

Temperature: max. 13°C to 16°C, min. 3°C to 9°C, ground temperatures

down to -3°C at Birr

Sunshine: 2 to 11 hours, sunniest at Valentia, 2 hours at Casement Aerodrome

(9)

Monday 16th:The morning was mostly dry but cloudy. Rain moved into the north and northwest of the country during the afternoon. This rain continued into the evening in the north and northwest, but the rest of the country remained mostly dry apart from a few isolated showers. Sunny spells during the afternoon. Light westerly winds.

Rainfall: nil to <1mm, heaviest at Valentia Temperature: max. 14°C to 18°C, min. 3°C to 10°C

Sunshine: 1 to 7 hours, sunniest at Cork Airport, 1 hour at Malin Head

Tuesday 17th:Cool during the night with rain or showers in western areas, dry elsewhere. Winds strengthened during the day with scattered showers and periods of light rain in most areas. Generally cloudy with a few sunny spells, mainly in western areas. Winds were from a southwesterly direction, light initially but becoming stronger, up to gale force with gusts.

Rainfall: 2 to 9mm, heaviest at Claremorris, 2mm at Valentia Temperature: max. 14°C to 19°C, min. 8°C to 11°C

Sunshine: <1 to 6 hours, sunniest at Belmullet, <1mm at Valentia

Wednesday 18th:Rain or drizzle over southern areas during the night, just a few scattered showers elsewhere. Heavy rain approached the southwest during the morning and moved quickly northeastwards to reach most areas by the afternoon. The rain cleared all areas by late evening. Some periods of sunshine in northern areas. Winds were southwesterly, mainly strong at times, up to gale force with gusts, falling light by evening.

Rainfall: trace to 27mm, heaviest at Roche’s Point, trace at Knock Airport Temperature: max. 14°C to 17°C, min 8°C to 11°C

Sunshine: 1 to 10 hours, sunniest at Belmullet, 1 hour at Cork Airport

Thursday 19th: Showers developed in the north during the morning, spreading countrywide by early afternoon. The showers were heavy with thunder and hail in most areas, lighter in Munster with some parts remaining dry. The showers died out by evening, with sunshine between the showers. Winds were westerly, generally light but moderate in the north and northwest.

Rainfall: nil to 5mm, heaviest at Dublin Airport Temperature: max. 15°C to 19°C, min. 7°C to 12°C

Sunshine: 9 to 13 hours, sunniest at Birr and Belmullet, 9 hours at Knock Airport

Friday 20th:Dry with sunny spells, although relatively cool for June. This pattern continued for the evening, with dry weather in all areas apart from a few northwestern coastal areas. Long periods of sunshine in most areas, the exception being the extreme south. Winds were light and variable in direction.

Rainfall: nil to trace

Temperature: max. 15°C to 19°C, min. 5°C to 10°C

Sunshine: 6 to 15 hours, sunniest at Dublin Airport, 6 hours at Cork Airport

Saturday 21st:Rain reached the southwest during the night and by morning was very heavy and persistent. As the day progressed, the rain or showers, some thundery, reached all areas, very heavy in southern parts. By evening the rain turned to heavy showers. Only a few brief periods of sunshine in places. Temperatures below normal. Winds were mainly northeasterly, light to moderate, but becoming strong southerly by evening, with gale gusts in some coastal areas.

Rainfall: 9 to 54mm, heaviest at Johnstown Castle, 9mm at Belmullet Temperature: max. 13°C to 21°C, min. 6°C to 12°C

Sunshine: nil to 2 hours, sunniest at Shannon Airport

Sunday 22nd:Heavy rain or showers continued through the night and into the day in the northern half of the country, isolated light showers further south. The rain or showers gradually cleared northeastwards through the morning and afternoon. Shower activity in the south and midlands increased for a while during the afternoon, but by evening the country was mostly dry. Long spells of sunshine in the south, progressively duller further north. Winds were north to northwesterly, moderate to strong and gusty, easing by late evening.

Rainfall: trace to 32mm, heaviest at Belmullet, trace at Cork Airport Temperature: max. 13°C to 18°C, min. 8°C to 12°C

Sunshine: <1 to 12 hours, sunniest at Valentia, ,1 hour at Malin Head

Monday 23rd:Showers developed in the west during the morning, spreading to all areas by mid-afternoon. The showers died out in the evening, meanwhile light rain began to spread into the southwest. Sunny in the north and west, cloudier elsewhere. Winds were light, from a mainly south or southeasterly

direction, but quite variable at times.

Rainfall: nil to 4mm, heaviest at Knock Airport Temperature: max. 15°C to 18°C, min. 5°C to 11°C

Sunshine: 1 to 11 hours, sunniest at Malin Head, 1 hour at Shannon Airport

Tuesday 24th:Some rain in western areas overnight, but mostly dry elsewhere. The morning brought patchy rain countrywide with strong and gusty southeasterly winds. During the afternoon there was rain in many places with isolated sunny spells, mainly in the southwest. Rain during the evening became lighter and the southeasterly winds continued strong and gusty.

Rainfall: 1 to 14mm, heaviest at Valentia, 1mm at Birr Temperature: max. 13°C to 17°C, min. 10°C to 13°C Sunshine: nil to 3 hours, sunniest at Valentia

Wednesday 25th:Rain in places overnight, with some heavy falls in the west and south. More widespread rain during the morning, with strong and gusty southwesterly winds. A clearance to showers and sunny spells by mid-morning. The afternoon was generally sunny with isolated showers and winds continuing strong and gusty. Dry by evening and winds easing also.

Rainfall: trace to 8mm, heaviest at Knock Airport, trace at Casement Aerodrome Temperature: max. 15°C to 19°C, min. 10°C to 13°C

Sunshine: 6 to 11 hours, sunniest at Shannon Airport, 6 hours at Malin Head

Thursday 26th: A band of showers along the west coast spread southeastwards during the early hours, giving some heavy falls in the midlands. These showers cleared the east coast by midday, but a band of heavy rain reached the southwest and spread quickly eastwards, with some heavy falls in Munster. Sunny spells in the north and northwest. Winds were light to moderate, mainly westerly in direction.

Rainfall: 2 to 20mm, heaviest at Cork Airport, 2mm at Malin Head Temperature: max. 14°C to 17°C, min. 8°C to 13°C

Sunshine: nil to 10 hours, sunniest at Malin Head and Belmullet, nil at Valentia

Friday 27th:Rain and drizzle in most areas during the night. The rain and drizzle extended to all areas during the morning and continued into the afternoon, clearing most areas by evening. Mild throughout with temperatures near normal. Only a few brief sunny periods. Winds were southwesterly, light to moderate, occasionally gusty in northern regions.

Rainfall: trace to 7mm, heaviest at Valentia, trace at Casement Aerodrome Temperature: max. 16°C to 20°C, min. 8°C to 13°C

Sunshine: nil to 2 hours, sunniest at Casement Aerodrome

Saturday 28th:Mild and very humid during the night with mist in some areas. Drizzle in a few places along western and northwestern areas, otherwise dry. Cloudy with patches of drizzle in most areas during the morning. During the afternoon, most of the drizzle cleared and by evening all areas were dry. Mild with temperatures around average. Just a few brief periods of sunshine, mostly in the west and south. Winds were southwesterly, mainly light, moderate at times along the west and northwest coasts.

Rainfall: nil to 3mm, heaviest at Malin Head, nil at Johnstown Castle Temperature: max. 16°C to 20°C, min. 11°C to 14°C

Sunshine: 1 to 4 hours, sunniest at Cork Airport, 1 hour at Birr

Sunday 29th:Patchy light rain and drizzle spread from the Atlantic during the night. The rain turned showery and heavy in places towards dawn. The showers crossed the country during the morning but died out by early afternoon. A mostly dry afternoon and evening, with isolated light showers in the west. Sunny spells everywhere. Winds were moderate, between southwest and westerly in direction.

Rainfall: nil to 4mm, heaviest at Cork Airport, nil at Birr Temperature: max. 16°C to 19°C, min. 10°C to 13°C

Sunshine: 5 to 13 hours, sunniest at Belmullet, 5 hours at Valentia

Monday 30th:Rain reached the west coast around midday and became slow-moving, with midland and eastern areas remaining dry throughout. Heavy falls in northwestern areas. Some brief periods of sunshine, mainly in the east. Warm in eastern and midland areas but cooler elsewhere. Winds were southerly in direction, light initially but freshening through the period, with gale gusts at many stations.

Rainfall: nil to 25mm, heaviest at Belmullet Temperature: max. 15°C to 21°C, min. 9°C to 13°C

Sunshine: trace to 4 hours, sunniest at Dublin Airport, trace at Valentia

9

DIARY

(10)

June rainfall totals were close to

normal over much of Ulster, but

it was a wet month in most

areas, especially in the south and

west. Monthly totals ranged

from 57mm at Ardee

(Boharnamoe), Co. Louth, to

224mm at Maam Valley, Co.

Galway. Percentage of normal

values were between 90% at

Ballyhaise, Co. Cavan and 260%

at Galway (University College),

where the total of 195mm was the

second highest of any month in

the station’s 43-year history (the

highest being 196mm recorded in

June 1998). At other western

stations it was the wettest May

for between 6 and 12 years.

Apart from the 11th, the period

between the 8th and 16th was

largely dry, when any rainfall was in

the form of light showers. Some

heavy falls were recorded outside of

this period, however, especially on

the 18th, the 20th/21st and the

30th in western areas. The month’s

heaviest daily fall, 54.7mm, was

measured at Connemara National

Park, Co. Galway, on the 30th; this

was the highest daily fall for any

month at the station since it opened

in 1982. Between 13 and 17 wetdays

were recorded during the month at

the majority of stations (days with

1mm or more of rainfall), but more

than 20 wetdays were measured in

some midland, western and

northwestern areas.

10

RAINFALL

CO. CARLOW

CARLOW (OAK PARK) 92.8 189 18.6 21 19 13

CO. CAVAN

BALLYHAISE 60.0 90 10.2 21 25 14 CAVAN LORETO COLLEGE 60.2 11.5 21 24 13

CO. CLARE

SHANNON AIRPORT 110.8 176 22.1 18 22 17 CARRON 126.3 134 20.3 21 22 18

CO. CORK

ROCHE’S POINT 103.9 208 41.3 21 14 9 FERMOY (MOORE PARK) 98.2 158 22.1 21 18 14 CORK AIRPORT 138.5 204 24.1 21 16 14 SHERKIN ISLAND 113.6 186 26.2 20 14 11 BALLINCURRIG (PEAFIELD) 133.3 24.7 18 16 13

CO. DONEGAL

MALIN HEAD 74.8 115 18.9 21 24 15 GLENTIES HATCHERY 132.2 150 21.4 21 27 23 BALLYSHANNON(CATHLEEN'S FALL) 67.2 91 8.7 24 22 17

CO. DUBLIN

DUBLIN (PHOENIX PARK) 72.4 127 14.4 21 18 13 DUBLIN AIRPORT 76.4 14.9 21 17 14 CASEMENT AERODROME 70.5 133 15.9 18 17 11 DUBLIN (MERRION SQUARE) 82.8 162 23.9 18 17 12

CO. GALWAY

GALWAY (UNIV.COLL.) 194.7 260 29.6 21 20 19 MAAM VALLEY 224.1 52.9 21 23 19 CONNEMARA NATIONAL PARK 209.0 218 54.7 30 24 15 BALLYGAR 102.2 153 30.5 21 23 15

CO. KERRY

VALENTIA OBSERVATORY 147.8 185 23.7 30 18 12 ARDFERT (LISCAHANE) 101.0 27.0 18 20 12

CO. LIMERICK

MOUNT RUSSELL 122.3 17.8 1 25 18

CO. LOUTH

ARDEE (BOHARNAMOE) 56.9 98 20.8 21 14 13

CO. MAYO

BELMULLET 127.6 190 38.9 21 19 13 STRAIDE 106.3 154 21.8 21 25 18 KNOCK AIRPORT 153.3 23.3 21 27 21

CO. MEATH

WARRENSTOWN 90.7 144 28.9 18 20 14

CO. OFFALY

BIRR 90.2 161 18.4 18 18 12 DERRYGREENAGH 102.3 165 24.1 21 19 17

CO. SLIGO

ARDTARMON 106.3 22.9 5 21 18

CO. TIPPERARY

FETHARD (PARSONSHILL) 106.4 22.1 21 17 15

CO. WATERFORD

WATERFORD (TYCOR) 111.8 186 27.7 18 15 12 DUNGARVAN (CARRIGLEA) 112.3 27.4 18 16 14

CO. WESTMEATH

MULLINGAR 88.8 16.9 21 23 21

CO. WEXFORD

JOHNSTOWN CASTLE 137.0 225 37.2 20 18 13 JOHN F. KENNEDY PARK 115.4 196 27.0 20 17 14 CLONROCHE (KNOXTOWN) 140.5 30.2 20 17 13

County/

Station

Total % of

Number of

Amount 1961-90 Most in

Raindays Wetdays

(mm) average a day / date (>0.2mm) (>1mm)

Near normal

rainfall in north,

wet in south

and west

(11)

11

RAINFALL

June 2008

00 55 1100 1155 2200 2255 3300

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1100 1111 1122 1133 1144 1155 1166 1177 1188 1199 2200 2211 2222 2233 2244 2255 2266 2277 2288 2299 3300

Valentia Observatory

Dublin Airport

Birr

Daily 0-24h rainfall values(mm)

TToottaall rraaiinnffaallll

((m

mm

m))

PPeerrcceennttaaggee ooff nnoorrm

maall rraaiinnffaallll

< 100%

100 - 125%

125 - 150%

150 - 200%

> 200% < 75

75 - 100

100 - 150

150 - 200

(12)

12

TEMPERATURE

Mean air temperatures for June were close to

normal generally, but they were a little below

normal in many inland areas. They ranged from

12.0°C at Knock Airport to 14.7°C at Waterford

(Tycor). Although a little warmer than normal

in many coastal areas, it was nevertheless the

coolest June for between 6 and 9 years generally.

After some warm weather during the first ten days

of the month, generally cloudy conditions during

most of the remainder of the month kept daytime

temperatures below normal, but the nights were

relatively mild. The highest daily values of the

month at almost all stations were measured on either

the 1st, 2nd or 9th; the month’s highest temperature,

24.9°C, was recorded at Waterford (Tycor) on the

9th. No air frost was recorded during June, but

ground frost was recorded in some inland areas early

in the month. The lowest air temperature of the

month, 1.5°C, was recorded at Mullingar on the 5th,

the lowest such value for June at the station since

1991. The month’s lowest grass minimum value,

-2.6°C, was measured at Birr on both the 5th and the

15th. There was a total of 5 ground frosts recorded

at Birr, compared with its average number for June

of just one.

Near normal values

in most places

1100 1155 2200 2255

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1100 1111 1122 1133 1144 1155 1166 1177 1188 1199 2200 2211 2222 2233 2244 2255 2266 2277 2288 2299 3300

00 55 1100 1155

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1100 1111 1122 1133 1144 1155 1166 1177 1188 1199 2200 2211 2222 2233 2244 2255 2266 2277 2288 2299 3300

Daily 0-24h maximum temperatures

(°C)

Daily 0-24h minimum temperatures (°C)

June 2008

z

Valentia Observatory

z

Dublin Airport

z

Birr

M

Meeaann TTeem

mppeerraattuurree

(difference from 1961-90 normals)

-0.5° to 0°C 0° to +0.5°C +0.5 to +1°C

(13)

13

TEMPERATURE

CO. CARLOW

CARLOW (OAK PARK) 17.6 9.0 13.3 -0.3 22.6 9 4.6 7 1.3 6 0 0

CO. CAVAN

BALLYHAISE 17.0 8.8 12.9 21.8 2 9 1.9 5 3.8 21 0 0 CAVAN (LORETO COLLEGE) 17.7 8.8 13.3 22.3 2 2.9 5 n/a 0

CO. CLARE

SHANNON AIRPORT 17.9 10.9 14.4 0.3 23.0 1 6.4 7 3.3 13 0 0 CARRON 16.5 9.1 12.8 0.2 22.5 1 4.5 6 0.1 5 0 0

CO. CORK

ROCHE’S POINT 17.0 10.6 13.8 0.3 22.2 9 7.4 6 3.8 1 0 0 Correction to Roche’s Point for May 2008: Mean temperature= 12.5°C (+1.6°C above normal)

FERMOY (MOORE PARK) 18.1 9.8 14.0 0.5 23.2 0 0 3.9 6 -1.9 6 0 4 CORK AIRPORT 17.3 9.7 13.5 0.4 22.8 9 6.6 5 3.5 3 7 0 0 SHERKIN ISLAND 17.3 11.3 14.3 0.9 19.5 23 7.5 7 4.4 7 0 0 BALLINCURRIG (PEAFIELD) 17.9 8.4 13.2 23.0 9 4.0 6 2.5 6 0 0

CO. DONEGAL

MALIN HEAD 15.5 10.1 12.8 0.3 18.7 7 6.4 5 4.3 5 0 0 GLENTIES HATCHERY 17.1 8.9 13.0 0.4 23.7 1 3.2 5 1.1 16 0 0 BALLYSHANNON(CATHLEEN'S FALL) 17.1 8.6 13.0 -0.1 24.3 1 3.7 5

CO. DUBLIN

DUBLIN (PHOENIX PARK) 17.9 9.2 13.6 0.2 23.9 9 6.2 16 2.0 23 0 0 DUBLIN AIRPORT 17.3 8.6 13.0 22.3 9 2.9 16 0.3 16 0 0 CASEMENT AERODROME 17.7 8.8 13.3 0.0 23.3 9 3.7 5 0.7 12 0 0 DUBLIN (MERRION SQUARE) 17.5 11.4 14.5 -0.1 23.8 9 8.6 16 0

CO. GALWAY

GALWAY (UNIV.COLL.) 17.9 9.7 13.8 0.1 24.5 1 6.2 15 1.4 6 0 0 MAAM VALLEY 17.2 9.7 13.5 23.4 1 5.2 5 3.4 6 0 0 CONNEMARA NATIONAL PARK 16.3 10.1 13.2 20.9 1 7.2 20 0 BALLYGAR 18.0 8.8 13.4 23.5 1 3.2 5 0.7 5 0 0

CO. KERRY

VALENTIA OBSERVATORY 16.4 11.0 13.7 0.3 18.9 9 6.0 7 1.6 7 0 0 ARDFERT (LISCAHANE) 18.5 10.3 14.4 1.2 22.0 2 5.8 15 3.5 15 0 0

CO. LIMERICK

MOUNT RUSSELL 17.1 9.8 13.5 22.0 1 5.5 15 2.1 15 0 0

CO. LOUTH

ARDEE (BOHARNAMOE) 18.1 8.4 13.3 0.3 22.6 2 4.0 16 -1.0 5 0 2

CO. MAYO

BELMULLET 16.2 10.6 13.4 0.6 22.7 1 7.4 20 3.6 20 0 0 STRAIDE 17.3 8.6 13.0 -0.1 23.4 1 3.0 7 -0.7 5 16 0 4 KNOCK AIRPORT 15.3 8.6 12.0 22.4 1 4.9 5 0.5 7 0 0

CO. MEATH

WARRENSTOWN 17.5 8.9 13.2 -0.1 21.5 9 4.9 5 15 0.0 15 0 0

CO. OFFALY

BIRR 17.5 8.8 13.2 -0.2 23.4 1 3.3 5 -2.6 5 15 0 5 DERRYGREENAGH 18.0 7.5 12.8 -0.2 22.2 2 3.8 5 -0.5 15 0 2

CO. SLIGO

ARDTARMON 18.2 10.1 14.2 24.2 2 6.2 5 2.7 5 0 0

CO. TIPPERARY

FETHARD (PARSONSHILL) 17.6 9.2 13.3 22.3 1 5.2 6 4.4 6 0 0

CO. WATERFORD

WATERFORD (TYCOR) 18.6 10.8 14.7 0.9 24.9 9 7.1 6 0 DUNGARVAN (CARRIGLEA) 19.0 9.7 14.4 0.6 24.6 1 5.5 7 2.4 6 7 0 0

CO. WESTMEATH

MULLINGAR 17.1 8.2 12.7 -0.3 22.1 2 1.5 5 -0.9 5 0 1

CO. WEXFORD

JOHNSTOWN CASTLE 17.2 10.3 13.8 0.7 22.9 9 8.2 4 16 19 5.6 4 0 0 JOHN F. KENNEDY PARK 17.6 9.1 13.4 0.1 23.2 9 5.1 6 2.2 3 19 0 0 CLONROCHE (KNOXTOWN) 17.6 8.5 13.1 22.5 9 4.0 8 -1.0 8 0 1

Mean/ deviation

Mean Mean from 1961-90 Highest Lowest Lowest Days with max. min. average max./date min./date grass min./date air frost ground frost

County/

Station

(14)

14

SUNSHINE

CO. CAVAN

CAVAN LORETO COLLEGE 4.71 28 12.0 20

CO. CLARE

SHANNON AIRPORT 5.85 114 35 13.4 5

CO. CORK

FERMOY (MOORE PARK) 5.38 98 32 14.3 10

CORK AIRPORT 6.17 108 37 14.1 3

SHERKIN ISLAND 7.03 116 42 14.7 10

BALLINCURRICG (PEAFIELD) 6.45 14.7 10

CO. DONEGAL

MALIN HEAD 5.77 101 33 14.3 3

BALLYSHANNON(CATHLEEN'S FALL) 6.27 128 37 15.4 3

CO. DUBLIN

DUBLIN AIRPORT 6.06 101 36 14.9 20

CASEMENT AERODROME 5.39 95 32 14.1 7

CO. GALWAY

GALWAY (UNIV.COLL.) 5.95 118 35 14.3 3

CO. KERRY

VALENTIA OBSERVATORY 5.60 109 34 13.6 6

ARDFERT (LISCAHANE) 5.37 32 12.0 3

CO. MAYO

BELMULLET 6.29 117 37 14.5 20

STRAIDE 5.79 13.1 20

KNOCK AIRPORT 5.42 13.3 20

CO. OFFALY

BIRR 4.93 103 29 13.1 20

CO. WATERFORD

DUNGARVAN (CARRIGLEA) 6.61 117 40 14.5 10

CO. WEXFORD

JOHNSTOWN CASTLE 5.43 97 33 14.3 10

JOHN F. KENNEDY PARK 5.46 108 33 13.0 7

CLONROCHE (KNOXTOWN) 5.89 13.9 10

Sunniest over

western half

Sunshine totals for June were a little

below normal in parts of the south and

southeast, but they were above normal

generally, especially in the northwest.

Totals ranged from 141 hours at Cavan

(Loreto College) to 211 hours at Sherkin

Island (Co. Cork), with percentage of

normal values between 95% of normal at

Casement Aerodrome and 128% at

Ballyshannon (Cathaleen’s Fall), Co.

Donegal.

The sunniest days of the month were during

the first week and also in the period

19th/20th, while the last week was generally

dull. The highest daily value, 15.4 hours, was

measured at Ballyshannon on the 3rd. Global

solar radiation totals ranged from 95% of

normal at Birr to 118% at Belmullet.

Daily mean % of % of Most in (hours/day) average possible a day/date

County/

Station

June 2008

TToottaall SSuunnsshhiinnee

(percentage of 1961-90 normals)

00 55 1100 1155

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1100 1111 1122 1133 1144 1155 1166 1177 1188 1199 2200 2211 2222 2233 2244 2255 2266 2277 2288 2299 3300

Daily sunshine values(hours)

Valentia Observatory

Dublin Airport

Birr

Sunshine values are not available for automatic synoptic stations

<100% 100 - 110% 110 - 120%

(15)

15

WORLD WEATHER

Global weather

highlights of

the month

Torrential rains fell over southern China between the 7th and 18th. These rains triggered flash floods and mudslides that killed a total of 57 people and caused economic losses estimated at over 2 billion euro. Guangdong province was worst hit, with 20 deaths and nearly 5.8 million people affected. The Hong Kong area also saw flash floods and more than 40 landslides in the area. Hong Kong itself received 145.5mm of rain in one hour on the 7th, its highest hourly rainfall on record. After months of severe drought in Spain, late

May and early June brought exceptionally wet weather, mainly across northern and eastern areas. Heavy rain caused flooding along the Ebro River, with more than 75mm recorded on the 8th in the southeastern city of Albacete.

Intense monsoon-related showers and thunderstorms brought widespread floods across parts of India during the first week of the month, causing 25 fatalities and displacing 200,000 people in the northeast of the country. Heavy rain fell across midwestern states of the U.S.

during the first two weeks, causing the worst floods in 15 years; numerous new record river crest levels led to widespread flooding in the area. The worst hit state was Iowa, where 83 of its 99 counties were declared disaster areas. The floods affected 36,000 people and submerged millions of acres of land, causing damage estimated at billions of dollars.

Persistent heavy rain over southern and central Mexico between the 4th and 13th caused widespread floods across the area. The southern state of Oaxaca was worst affected, with five fatalities and more than 7,000 people displaced. The heavy rains also affected the oil-producing state of Veracruz.

June 2008

Data supplied by NOAA Climate Prediction Centre, US Department of Commerce

°C

JUNE RAINFALL

(percentage of

1961-1990 normal)

%

200

150

125

100

75

50

0

JUNE MEAN

TEMPERATURE

(difference from

1961-1990 normal)

+5

+3

+1

-1

-3

(16)

16

GLOBAL SUMMARY FOR 2007

June 2008

Significant Climate

Anomalies and Event

s in 2007

source: NOAA

References

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The typical features of spider chemosensitive hairs (bent hair shaft with regular ridges; blunt hair tip with a subterminal pore; cuticular canal with sensory fibers inside) are