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Ida-Maria Pajari Karoliina Niinikoski. Kemi-Tornio University of Applied Sciences

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Ida-Maria Pajari

Karoliina Niinikoski

(2)

Introduction

Location of Tornio, Finland

Kemi-Tornio University of Applied Sciences

THE LAPLAND WAR 1944-1945

- When, Who&Where?

- Conflicts

- Result

Evacuations of Civils

Real-life Story about Evacuation Time

Dark Tourism in Tornio (Ideas)

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Kemi-Tornio University of Applied

Sciences

Kauppakatu 58 95400 Tornio Finland

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The Lapland War

When, Who&Where?

Was fought between Finland and Nazi Germany from September

1944 to April 1945 in Finland's northernmost Lapland Province.

Why?

Both Finland and Germany (assisting Finland) were in war against

the Soviet Union. After Finland and Soviet Union made an

agreement of peace, one of the terms of the agreement was that

Finland needs to send all German soldiers away from the country.

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The Lapland War

Conflicts

When the Continuation War ended, according to armistice, the

Germans should dispel from Finland by date 15

th

of September in

1944 → The Lapland War started.

Some German soldiers have settled down already in Finland and

even having families there. Also relationship between Finland and

German have been stable. Now Soviet Union wanted Germans to

leave the country.

The Germans wanted to themselves at least a few places, like

a mine of Petsamo.

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The Lapland War

Results:

The Finnish pushed Germans upper and upper to Finnish Lapland.

While the Germans backed up, they burned almost the whole Lapland:

Lots of bridges, roads, buildings and railways were destroyed.

They also hide and planted mines everywhere.

They burned the city of

Rovaniemi

almost complitely.

War activity and battles in

Tornio

(Germans landing to

Röyttä harbor, Tornio

)

Last place for war was in ”arm” of Finland where the Germans packed down

to Norway.

Different kind of buildings and even some (war) items can still be found in

different parts of Lapland.

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Evacuations of the civils

12 000 people was evacuated before the war.

Most of the citizens were evacuated to

Ostrobothnia and elsewhere of Finland.

Because there were 400 000 other evacuated

people from other part of Finland (Karelia), the

help was asked from Sweden.

In the end Sweden accepted 56 500 evacuees

From Lapland was evacuated 75% of all, 168

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Real-life Story about Evacuations

Hilma Hepola, ikä: 75, nainen

’’Koulu olis alkanu mutta sitte se sota alako. Tuli evakkovarotus, nii kouluun emmä

päässeet.. Yhtenä pyhäaamuma laitoimma aamupallaa (korvikeesta) ja kylässä oli vieraitaki,

mutta pari tiimaa siittä nii sitte rupes tulehman kranaatteja liiterin seihnään. Lähimmä

Pirkkiön koulule venheelä ja olimma sielä yön. Aamula met menthin rautatiesiltaa Ruottiin,

sielä ruottalaiset sotihlaat tuliva vasthan ja kantoivat meät Haaparanthaan Ruottiin. Aluksi

olimma teltoissa. Sitte liikuima Haaparannalta 10 km mettään ja asuima sotilasparakeissa

parisen viikkoa.

Kotia palatessa näky saksalaisten ruumiita. Meän talole ei tehty pirruutta mutta joen toisela

puolen palo pirttejä.’’

Ensimmäisenä ruumiit kerättiin pois ja jälleenrakennus alkoi. Heille ei tullut tuhoja. Toisella

puolen jokea talo paloi ja kilometrin päässä josta kylätie alkaa, paloi kiinteistöjä. Elämä

jatkui pikkuhiljaa normaalisti, köyhää sota-aikana kuitenkin oli.

Saksalaisiin ei suhtauduttu jälkeenpäin vihamielisesti.

Pikku Berliini = metsä, saksalaisten asuttama alue.

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Real-life Story about Evacuations

(Hilma Hepola, age:75, female, was 7 years during the war)

’’It was something in the end of summer and school was about to begun. I was 7 years old back then.

One Sunday morning we were making breakfast from nutrition substitute because food was really hard to get. We had also some guests with us. Then the alarm of evacuation came and grenades started to fly towards the warehouse of our home.

We travelled with a small boat in the river towards the school of Pirkkiö in Tornio. We stayed over the night there. In the morning the walked on top of the railroad towards to Haparanda, Sweden. On the halfway Swedish soldiers came and they carried us childrens over the border to Sweden. During the trip there was some grenade attack and we went down and hide ourselves in to the closest trench next to the road.

First we were accommodated in to tents and later on to containers in the woods, about 10 kilometres away.

We stayed there couple of weeks and then returned back to our home.

When we came back home we save bodies of the German soldiers. Parents told to their children that they were just sleeping.

Our home didn’t suffer any damages but across the river (200-300 meters) house we burned down. People started to clean and re-build the places and bury the bodies.

Life was continuing but of course it was very poor time because of the war.’’

 However, people didn’t hate Germans afterwards and there was even some born or unborn children of the German soldiers excisting (soldiers might still have own family back in Germany). Also some Finnish women left to Germany.

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Dark Tourism in Tornio

Already excisting memorial statues (From The

Lapland War and from the battlers in Tornio)

Statues located around the Tornio.

https://www.tornio.fi/index.php?p=Lapinsodan

muistomerkit&sl=fi

Information can be founded from the website of

the municipality (

www.tornio.fi

) and from the

local travelling agency’s activity guide.

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Dark Tourism in Tornio

One area in Tornio was lived by German

soldiers before the war called Pikku

Berliini (The Little Berlin) because of

that. There was some warehousing and

accomodation facilities.

Now in Tornio (and Ylläs, Lapland) there

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Pub Pikku Berliini

(The Little Berlin Bar)

Bar has been decorated with a Nazi German War Style (miniature aeroplanes, 40’s style etc.)

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Conclusion

Finland and Lapland has a long and colorful history with

war activities and it has been in a crucial position

conserning the result of the wars (close to both borders).

People might have lost their interest and knowledge

towards the important history of their own region

(Tornio and Lapland overall). The generation who

experienced all this is getting quite old already.

Solution: More marketing about the excisting memorial

statues, travel package including important battle places

and lecture about the history. Maybe also extreme style

accomodation with ’’evacuation style’’ like tent,

container etc.

(17)

References

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