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« ) t y (. PQ 5. 0 :1 B%L % k$L ) 4D 3 @ + KK. + ) 0 ]8 KJ @ ) $B& 5 $K4 $0 a 3I . Q*891 ` . + J 5*4L$ 0 . 0 ) KK. W1 J 0 ' * *0 (. 1 $I $K4 Q 6& . ) 28 .( hL *0 . 57 + $1 $K4 40 B%L J =E 0 . K ) 29 .( q 0 h $E . ) $BW0 ^W *=0 + *0 0 5 $K4 (* v$ 5 l *mn1 B%L ) 25 .( fKJ 0 ( g B1 5 $K4 ) 23 .( @ 0 K04 E "KJ K* ) 0 0 +F 0 V*%91 E$1 ) +F . $ K. . 98 + %= + * Y K =J 4*' AJl ) *0 ) 90 Y ) ( 30 .( J 5. *0 $0 + %= ]J w @ + KK. +F + ' 0 +F l *mn1 BJl 8 & J $0 ) 0 o6 . . +F ) I 0 0 g B1 K $ J $ I $I BJl 8 & 0 + " J ) . . 5 S* F + %= ) fKJ 0 AJl . G$HI 0 + F ) W ]8 BJl 8 & + 90 0 U ' 7 K. ) 30 .( 0 K0 @ + $1 @ 8& * n1 * $ . #6 $K4 5 AJl ) ^J E * K = ) 31 .( <$ @ ) *K $ = : » #6 $K4 5 + 0 < & BJl $E AJl = * $K4 0 : " ) K. « ) 32 .( + ' . $0 5*4L @ { 4D 3 @ < $E r 0 ^ 6& * I . 8 & @ J . $0 ' _& 0 5 Q%3 L 1 0 5. L 0 g B1 I 0 ^ 6& ) 0 0 ) + KK. KK. V.$1 0 K . & K4 0 . I 0 V.$1 V $& . *mn1 5 $81 _& 0 5 L 0 * 1 VS < 41 ) 0 + * $' 1 $1 K. ) 33 .( I 0 $" 7 Q ) ^*8 = g B1 Q ) (* 3 0 g B1 $0 ' # : & .d $0 l $Y WD *D 0 V $1 . + *0 U $1 I $ + . t I 0 g B1 B%L 4D 3 ' + (* J ) 12 9 .( 0 V.$1 h ' + $K& 0 I ) @ L & I ^=* @ 1 5*4L$ 0 WE $ 0 80 31 ' • 3 J ) 16 .( 0 Q0 31 1 0 * hBK C 0 8 & hL + 90 K J W ]8 r 7 & J ) 30 .( 5 I 0 ^*8 = g B1 0 D . & ) 35 34 .( & . C U $1 ] Y . * + K. =J v$91 **€1 J + WE . 1 0 L ' J $I *K' 5 ) 36 .( L +F :* 5 ] F 0 ] ( 0 . 5. . $0 ' AB r 0 0 + KK. x) 0 k$E $I % & ) 0 0 K J ) }0 ) . <$Y ) r ) t ) 0 8 & 5 #6 . *=0 I . KX J 8 4 + %= ) t ) 5 + 0 W K S0 KB 0 r * + = ) ( $' ) 37 .( ) V*D @* J 0 ] S0 $7& A% I ) 7€ + J K . . 0$1 5. I ] S0 0 * 0 J ] F + KK. : . . 5. r 3I 90 U ' h ) t + KK. ) 0 0 . " Š $ 0 K I $I U ' +F 0 $0 @ . J ‚ J . +F 0 @ 0 J 0 +F :* K J r ) . $0 * K I I ) (" } . J . $0 @ ) . ]J w @ J 5. B%L % k$L # "KJ + KK. r 0 $0 . 0 :1 . +F . $0 * 0 @ 0 J t r 5 ^*I + *42 . . % # "KJ $ 1 = A%L 1 * 5* J V*D 0 B%L ) 0 r < + $0 4L $B: *0 K. 0 $I r 0 . $' $' ) 38 .( t 5D @ $L » r + ^ X 0 « » r N ' + $0 « ) Impending death ( ) 0 K. ) 40 39 .( 5*42 @ $' ' 1 ) 0 0 :K $1 . 5. I 0 0 BD ) $1 ) 1 + KK. ^W <68 + 5 @ 1 …$=9 " ' . HS' J) * h 0 + " 0 + $0 =0 @ t7 (& + 5 ) AE$ K = . 5*4L @ 0 = + " 0 " =0 . V $& ) 1 L t7 (& 0 l *mn1 ' * n1 (* %& q ) ' 0 5 ) 41 .( U $1 " @ 5. $0 ' + *0 KK. J $I + * +F AL $& $1 $ .
$0 . . q 0 . J F + 8 . " @*KX ) 0 AB +F AL $& *0 G$HI J $0 ' + *0 . + @ x)$ F 2 KJ ^*1 $ ) A K 5 + . + @* $ $ I 0 g B1 ]8 0 5' ' + *0 @ $K4 0 :1 . 0 < B 0 B H +F ) ' 1 r C . 5 $I 0 + $' h X J . $0 . x61 $ I ) (. C 0 1 K0 < 8 . C . $ @ $ I & $0 ' u*Y$1 m{ *7 *=0 U ' . 0 < 8 $ ^W 7 & 5 (. $ I % & @ 1 $0 + 90 @ ) 0 # "KJ . G$HI @ Halligan = $ : » ^W 5BL (* e(E + . D C $ I ' J) * + . F 0 ^W ]8 7 *0 & E 7 & K. ) 42 .( "KJ K* ) ) $ I U0 + & E 'l 5 ' *mn1 ) V. 0 J ) 43 ( 5 $I $ I U0 0 + * q ) 5BL #$W7 ) 44 ( . 5 l < VL K 4 E C . + h E fKJ ) Collectivistic culture ( $E . + = ^J 0 * Y U0 "KJ K* ) k$ @ J K =J + " J *mn1 591 o $L ) 45 .( * Y C ( U0 0 #6 @*B @ 6& 0 *.n1 $I = U0 $ I ) 33 .( + J W ]8 BJl 8 & ' ' o6BL . $ 7 + %= ) . $ I & @*0 Q* & U0 $E " $ ) " : 0 :K B%L % 0 :1 # "KJ $1 $' . J 5. " ) + KK. $I %Y J $ I K = . 4D 3 Walton $ " B H $ I 5' $E + $' ) 12 .( 4D 3 5. 2 $ I D @* n1 q ) ^J + KK. ) 40 $ I # := •7 + ) U ' q ) ^J 5. *0 D $0 + " + ' $I +) + KK. +F K F + ) $ " = 0 *.n1 $0 J . " @ +F . 5B= *D {= 0 + $1 J = + $K& 0 $I ]8 7 . . 5. I 0 SB'$I K F @* n1 + KK. + ) $I 7*| Y ) 0 V & +F + # 1 K = + ) ) K = . ^ I + ( ) $E 0 + . Y & 0 J 5*D 4 0 + ) 5*0 1 W" 5*D {= & E J n1 0 6& J 5 W ) x 0 *0 K $ @* ]8 $ I # := •7 $ I D 7 KK. ) 46 .( " 5. J + KK. 5' "KJ K* ) @ % k$L + ) . 5. 4D 3 @ 5 $ +) + KK. 1 h ] F : _& 0 + = J K = . *mn1 4D 3 U $1 @*0 U0 ' * n1 (* C y$D$*0 J 5 . %I 4D 3 C $ + $K& 0 ' RS ^ I … 32 . 5 $I + = J 5 . J q 6 V0 L $ 0 K ' $0 ]J . ) 47 .( C 5BL ]S0 =0 + ) 7*. 4D 3 J $I B%L w K ) * + + " =0 5 C . 0 K = . +F 5 @ x$I * J : K F 0 K*0 . ) 48 ( . x) ) *=KE ]8 J )
Feminine gender role values
( C ( B1 0 . Q $ 1 + ) *.n1 7 & J q1 5BL K. x) . D b KJ + $I " =0 . ]8 J *=KE )
Masculine gender role values
( .
) h 5 7 & J q1 # & " =0 # & 0 K B + U $1 " =0 ) 0 $' ) 49 .( J . 5 @ @*B ]J w @ ` 5. $ C . 5 $I *In1 0 KX J + KK. . 0 0 +F *mn1 B%L + *0 0 + ) 5* J $E + F *0 $ *D 1 $ ) 52 -50 ( 4D 3 u% S J 5& $E { * 1 J) J *In1 + *0 @ U $1 + $: =E ' 0 ) 55 -50 .(
^* H1 K + $0 v$ *In1 @ %Y V*D * 5 ) 57 56 .( ) I K' V $& 2 4D 3 +F 0 6& ' x ( *In1 %Y V v ‡. J 5. 1 V v + $K& 0 $K4 V $& + KK. *In . .d C . $: =E . + + " 0 V 91
^ 6& + $0 l ) 0 * ^ 6& h 0 & $ I + *mn1 h ' ) " I J $0 + F J @ 1 . 4D 3 + $K& 0 $K4 J $ @ 0 (* J h ' ' ' *In1 V v @ 1 5 ) 58 56 55 52 51 .( 0 @ 0 *0 J B%L % ^ 6& k ' ) t + $K& 0 A%L . 0 » ) r @*0 ) « + C . $: =E 0 L E 3I ‹ 4 ) . ] +$T J $ 0 @ 0 + * 0 $ 0 $ J *0 J ) + " =0 ^ 6& ' @**41 ]8 $1 KK. ' 0 ' . % & 5 $ + *0 0 *0 < 8 ) t . 7 ] F 0 0 * W ]8 + ^*1 & $0 . 5. J # L + '( + E$1 + KK. "D $ + F h # +F KK. ] F : _& 0 J * K = . + K* *mn1 ] F ]S0 KJ 5BL $ KK. ) Caring presence ( + '( + 4D 3 $0 ' x ( (* J ) 12 9 .( . $ t $W' $ 0 + ) *=0 F (* $ J + *0 0 @ W0 $1 ' 0 . K. 0 U8 $K4 5BL @ *0 o BD j + F ) * # "KJ 0 + $0 *0 KK. ) 35 .( $ J$E # * D g B1 $ V 41 * 0 . 5 KJ $BW0 0 B‡ *mn1 5 *K 1 5BL ) 1 # * D V0 8 & ) 59 .( A Y ) *=0 7D{ + q 5 $K4 %Y J . u*Y$1 U*9 + " $I I 0 g B1 ) 60 35 23 .( & Q ) I 0 g B1 4D 3 @ 0 g B1 'l % & 0 ) 0 AD L $I 0 g B1 + " $E 5 6 ^*1 & $ I 0 V 41 Q ) 5' . 5. B%3 U*9 0 g B1 G$HI + KK. + *0 . q 0 5. . @*KX + KK. U ' * 0 + KX ) KK. W1 *3I 5*42 K ' U*9 0 WE$1 . $0 (. $I . 5 9 90 5*J V*D 0 . $0 @ 4D 3 @ $E +F ) 0 @* + *0 0 B H + B%L % B H 5' %Y J 3 D 5 # : % ) 0 ) ) K' 0 $I 0 =E Bm ) + *0 1 . #!. !0 % . + 4D 3 @ ` 5*J V*D 0 B%L =E 0 _& 0 + $0 ) KK. W1 + ' 1 5. $K4 40 5 ' + KK. . "KJ K* ) V0 L ]8 5 $K4 5 S* F AJl 0 . + q 6 $ 7 $BW0 *0 0 :1 . @ : $K4 40 30 4D 3 40 0 B%L % ) + " ' RS 0$I 0 & E =E $1 0 5 6 ^*1 & 0 30 @ E ]K*0 F $E 0 + G$HI . 6 1 J) * 0 E$1 " 5*D {= C B%L % ) 0 # "KJ $K4 J 1 5 + L6I C 0 L +F 0 E$1 0 K' 0 B E J 5BL . *R$ 5. * Y J ) + K= $ ]J w + KK. (" } K . . D ) S0 D 8 @ @ $ *2 A= 0 J w • + $K& 0 . ' 0 ' 4882 -88 0 * 5Bm 0 " D 5 ' # : ) *' '( #$%& .
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Spiritual Experience of Heart Attack Patients: A Qualitative Study
Marzieh Momennasab1, Marzieh Moattari2, Abbas Abbaszade3, Babak Shamshiri4 Received date: 16.10.2012
Accept date: 18.11.2012
Abstract
Introduction: There are few studies on the spiritual experiences of myocardial infarction patients in the light of cultural context. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explain the spiritual experiences of patients during heart attack.
Method: This was a qualitative study. Nine (4 women, 5 men) myocardial infarction patients were interviewed (in-depth interview) in the CCUs of three hospitals in Shiraz. In addition, seven nurses participated in a focus group. Data gathering and analysis were performed simultaneously and continued until data saturation. All the interviews were tape-recorded and
transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis method was used for data analysis.
Results: The participants’ spiritual experiences were categorized into four themes and 11 subthemes. The main themes were trust in God, struggling with the heart, family (soothing and stress-inducing), and help-seeking.
Conclusion: According to the results heart attack can bring spirituality in greater focus. Therefore, in order to deliver holistic care, health care providers must be concerned with their patients’ spiritual experiences and needs, especially in life-threatening events.
Keywords: Spiritual experience, Spirituality, Heart attack, Holistic care, Qualitative study Type of article: Original article
Citation: Momennasab M, Moattari M, Abbaszade A, Shamshiri B. Spiritual Experience of Heart
Attack Patients: A Qualitative Study. J Qual Res Health Sci 2013; 1(4): 284-97.
1-Assistant Professor, Fatima School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2-Associate Professor, Fatima School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 3-Associate Professor, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 4-Assistant Professor, School of Educational Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Corresponding Author: Marzieh Moattari PhD, Email: moattarm@sums.ac.ir