This Singapore Standard was approved by Building and Construction Standards Committee on behalf of the Singapore Standards Council on 26 November 2013.
First published, 2014
The Building and Construction Standards Committee, appointed by the Standards Council, consists of the following members:
Name Capacity
Chairman : Mr Goh Peng Thong Member, Standards Council
1st Dy Chairman : Er. Lee Chuan Seng Member, Standards Council
2nd Dy Chairman : Mr Tan Tian Chong Member, Standards Council
Secretary : Ms Lee Hiok Hoong SPRING Singapore
Members : Mr Bin Chee Kwan National Environment Agency Er. Chan Ewe Jin Institution of Engineers, Singapore
Mr Chan Kok Way Individual Capacity
Er. Chee Kheng Chye Housing & Development Board
Mr Chng Chee Beow Real Estate Developers’ Association of Singapore
Mr Paul Fok Land Transport Authority
Mr Desmond Hill Singapore Contractors Association Ltd
Er. Ismadi Mohd Ministry of Manpower
Mr Benedict Lee Khee Chong Singapore Institute of Architects Ms Andris Leong Building and Construction Authority Assoc Prof Leong Eng Choon Nanyang Technological University Dr Lim Lan Yuan Association of Property and Facility
Managers
Er. Lim Peng Hong Association of Consulting Engineers Singapore
Mr Silas Loh Singapore Institute of Surveyors and
Valuers
Mr Larry Ng Lye Hock Urban Redevelopment Authority Assoc Prof Gary Ong Khim Chye National University of Singapore Mr Davis Ong Wee Choon Singapore Manufacturing Federation Mr Christopher Tan Singapore Civil Defence Force
Er. Tang Pei Luen JTC Corporation
Dr Tam Chat Tim Individual Capacity
Co-opted
The Technical Committee on Architectural Works, appointed by the Building and Construction Standards Committee and responsible for the preparation of this standard, consists of representatives from the following organisations:
Name Capacity
Chairman : Mr Larry Ng Lye Hock Member, Building and Construction Standards Committee
Dy Chairman : Mr Benedict Lee Khee Chong Member, Building and Construction Standards
Committee
Secretary : Mr Allan Koh SPRING Singapore
Members : Mr Cheah Kok Ming National University of Singapore
Mr Choy Kin Man TUV SUD PSB Pte Ltd
Mr Gan Geok Chua Singapore Glass Association Mr Goh Chun Hee Individual Capacity
Ms Vivien Heng Cheng Sim Singapore Green Building Council Mr Koh Bon Pock Singapore Timber Association Mr Lau Kwong Chung Singapore Institute of Architects Maj Lim Lam Kwang Singapore Civil Defence Force Mr Rajendran Ramamoorthy Building and Construction Authority Mr See Sing Kok Institution of Engineers, Singapore Mr See Sing Mun Singapore Manufacturing Federation Ms Tan Hwee Yong Housing & Development Board Mr Wong Chung Wan Individual Capacity
Mr Wilson Wong King Chiong Singapore Contractors Association Ltd Ms Catherine Wong Phui
Chan Setsco Services Pte Ltd
Ms Jesseline Yap Tiles Association Singapore
Co-opted
Members : Er. Chong Kee Sen Institution of Engineers, Singapore Mr Fang Yea Saen K&C Protective Technologies
The Working Group, appointed by the Technical Committee to assist in the preparation of this standard, comprises the following experts who contribute in their individual capacity:
Name
Convenor : Er. Chong Kee Sen
Co-Convenor : Mr Bin Chee Kwan
Mr Anselm Gonsalves
(served till 1 April 2013) Secretary : Mr Chow Chee Kiong
Members : Mr Aaron Ang Cheng Hua Mr Au Wing Kuen
Mr Cheong Yew Kee Mr Leong Kuo Sam Mr Long Han Boon
Name Members : Ms Helen Ng
Mr Tan Cheong Ee Mr David Tan Er. Tang Pei Luen Ms Jannie Wan Mr Wong Chiew Yii
The organisations in which the experts of the Working Group are involved are: Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore
Association of Consulting Engineers Singapore Building and Construction Authority
Institution of Engineers, Singapore JTC Corporation
National Environment Agency Singapore Chemical Industry Council Singapore Institute of Architects Singapore Land Authority Urban Redevelopment Authority
Contents
Page
Foreword 7
Section One – General
1 Scope 8
2 Normative references 8
3 Definitions and abbreviations 8
Section Two – Judicious siting of industries and other developments
4 Objective 10
Section Three – Requirements for industries
5 Clean industry 10
6 Light industry 10
7 General industry 11
8 Special industry 11
Section Four – Requirements to operate a factory
9 Use of industrial premises 12
10 Trade effluent discharge into public sewer and watercourse 12
Section Five – Pollution control requirements
11 Water pollution 13
12 Air pollution 15
13 Noise pollution 18
Section Six – Hazardous substances and toxic industrial waste control requirements
14 Hazardous substances 19
15 Toxic industrial waste 19
Section Seven – Control of land pollution and remediation of contaminated sites
16 Polluting activities 20
17 Site assessment study and clean-up of contaminated sites 20
Annexes
A (normative) Examples of clean industries 21
B (normative) Examples of light industries 22
C (normative) Examples of general industries 23
D (normative) Examples of special industries 25
E (normative) List of scheduled premises 27
F (normative) List of hazardous substances as specified in the Environmental Protection
and Management Act 29
G (normative) List of toxic industrial wastes 40
H (normative) Allowable limits for trade effluent discharged into a public sewer/watercourse/controlled watercourse as specified in the EPMA, SDA
and their Regulations 43
I (informative) Example of trade effluent sampling sump design 45
J (informative) Guidelines on continuous on-line pH monitoring and effluent
discharge control at last inspection chamber of factory 46
K (informative) Example of pH monitoring cum effluent discharge control system 48
L (normative) Guidelines for leak test 49
M (normative) Guidelines for contingency plan 50
N (normative) Guidelines for storage of hazardous substances 51
O (normative) Retention basin for spent fire-fighting water for warehouse storing
hazardous substances 53
P (informative) Example of dilution tank design 54
Q (normative) Standards of concentration of air impurities as specified in the
Environmental Protection and Management Act and its Regulations 55
R (normative) Emission standards for special waste incinerators 58
S (normative) Polluting activities subject to site assessment before
change of use or rezoning 59
T (informative) Standards and technical guidelines for assessment and remediation of
contaminated sites 60
U (informative) Listing of some approvals by the relevant authorities on pollution control
and other environmental matters 61
Table
1 Building setbacks for residential developments near MRT tracks 18
Figure
1 Chimney height for the safe dispersion of flue gases from fuel burning equipment 17
Foreword
This Singapore Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee on Architectural Works under the purview of the Building and Construction Standards Committee.
The pollution control requirements specified in this code are mainly performance-based so as to allow industrialists, architects, professional engineers and consultants to exercise flexibility and creativity in their designs to meet the stated requirements.
The code is aligned to relevant statutory regulations or by-laws of the regulatory authorities or other government bodies. In general, the Qualified Person shall submit Building Plans (BPs) of the building works to the relevant authorities for approval on pollution control and other environmental matters (refer to the informative Annex U).
In preparing this standard, reference was made to the following standards: 1. CP 100 – Code of Practice for Hazardous Waste Management 2. International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code
Acknowledgement is made to International Maritime Organization for the use of information from the IMDG Code and the domain experts, Dr. Kenny Yap Sau Hee, Dr. Lawrence Koe Choon Chiaw and Prof. Liya E. Yu whom we have consulted for this standard.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Singapore Standard may be the subject of patent rights. SPRING Singapore shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all of such patent rights.
NOTE
1. Singapore Standards are subject to periodic review to keep abreast of technological changes and new technical developments. The changes in Singapore Standards are documented through the issue of either amendments or revisions.
Code of practice for pollution control
Section One – General
1
Scope
This code specifies the recommended pollution control requirements and good practices to safeguard clean air, clean land, clean water and a quality living environment. Siting requirements for various types of developments, management of hazardous substances, toxic industrial wastes, land contamination and remediation are also included.
2
Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this code. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
SS CP 100 – Code of Practice for Hazardous Waste Management
SS 553 – Code of practice for air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation in buildings SS 586 – Hazard Communication for Hazardous Chemicals and Dangerous Goods SS CP 48 – Code of Practice for Water Services
3
Definitions and abbreviations
For the purposes of this code, the following definitions apply:
3.1
Air impurities
Includes smoke, cinders, solid particles of any kind, gases, fumes, odours and radioactive substances.
3.2
Controlled watercourse
A watercourse from which potable water supplied by the Public Utilities Board (PUB) under the Public Utilities Act is obtained but does not include a watercourse from which water is pumped into a main of the PUB.
3.3
Fuel burning equipment
Any furnace, boiler, fire place, oven, retort or incinerator.
3.4 Hazardous substance
Any of the substances listed in the Schedule of the Environmental Protection and Management Act (EPMA) (see also Annex F).
3.5 IMDG
3.6
Pollution control study
A study on environmental pollution control and related matters as defined in the EPMA.
3.7 Public sewer
Includes the following:
(a) a sewer which was vested in the Government before the appointed day under the repealed Water Pollution Control and Drainage Act (or any other written law);
(b) a sewer with respect to which a declaration of vesting has been made under the Sewerage and Drainage Act (SDA);
(c) a sewer constructed by the Government on any private property at its expense or acquired by the Government; and
(d) a sewer erected on private property which is maintained by the Government.
3.8 Polluting substance
Any oil, solvent or chemical that can cause pollution to a watercourse.
3.9 QRA
Quantitative Risk Assessment
3.10 Scheduled premises
Any premises listed in Annex E.3.11 Sewage
Includes water-borne domestic waste and trade effluent.
3.12 Stormwater
Rainwater or surface water but does not include sewage.
3.13 Toxic industrial waste
Any of the wastes listed in Annex G.
3.14 Trade effluent
Any liquid, either with or without particles of matter in suspension therein, which is the outflow from any trade, business or manufacture or of any works of engineering or building construction.
3.15 Watercourse
Includes a reservoir, lake, river, stream, canal, drain, spring or well or a part of the sea abutting on the foreshore and any other natural, artificial or sub-surface body of water.
Section Two – Judicious siting of industries and other developments
4
Objective
4.1
Environmental impact can be mitigated by ensuring that developments are sited in designated areas in accordance withthe land use Master Plan and pollution control measures are incorporated in their design. Hence, it is important that at the planning stage of development projects, architects, professional engineers and developers ascertain the impact of the developments in relation to the surrounding land use and vice versa. The measures to control air, water and noise pollution, the management of hazardous substances, and the treatment and disposal of toxic wastes should be examined and indicated clearly in the development proposals.4.2
To guide land use planning and help industrialists select suitable industrial premises, industries are classified under four categories, according to the activities based on their potential environmental impacts such as noise, odour, vibration, fumes, dust, etc. The four categories are clean industries, light industries, general industries and special industries (see below). Generally, the industry uses shall be sited in factory premises that are designated for such use in the land use Master Plan. In addition, the buffer distance(s) as specified in Clauses 5, 6, 7 and 8 should be factored in to mitigate the potential nuisance impacts on surrounding developments.4.3
Industrial premises including warehouses located within water catchments should not be usedfor storage of hazardous or polluting substances without written approval from relevant authorities. A QRA study needs to be carried out for industries handling hazardous substances which shall identify and quantify hazards and risks related to the transport, use and storage of those hazardous materials.
4.4
For residential developments located near expressways, petrol stations, places of worship or MRT tracks/stations, reference should also be made to Clause 13.Section Three – Requirements for industries
5
Clean industry
5.1
Factories that do not generate any air pollutants, waste water as well as nuisance impacts due to dust, fumes, noise and smell that could adversely affect adjoining and surrounding premises.5.2
No buffer is required between clean industrial site boundary and residential premises.5.3
Factories should not use, handle or store hazardous substances.5.4
Examples of clean industries are given in Annex A.6
Light industry
6.1
Factories that generate some air pollutants and waste water within permissible limits without the need for pollution control equipment, and pose minimal potential nuisance impacts due to dust, fumes, noise and smell that could adversely affect adjoining and surrounding premises.6.2
There should be a buffer distance of at least 50 m between the light industrial site boundary and the nearest residential building.6.3
Factories should only use gaseous fuel (such as LPG or NG or town gas) for burning equipment.6.4
No buffer is required between any food industry premises and light industry premises. However, food industries that may give rise to any emissions, such as odour, fumes, steam, should be sited in food zones or in private land developments designated or approved by the relevant authorities.6.5
Examples of light industries are given in Annex B.7
General industry
7.1
Factories that generate significant amounts of air pollutants and waste water and would require pollution control equipment to treat the air pollutants and waste water to comply with the permissible limits. General industry could pose potential nuisance impacts due to dust, fumes, noise and smell that could adversely affect adjoining and surrounding premises.7.2
There should be a buffer distance of at least 100 m between the general industrial site boundary and the nearest residential building.7.3
There should be a buffer distance of at least 100 m between the boundaries of any food industry premises and general industry premises and vice-versa. Where required by the relevant authorities, risk assessments should be conducted by competent independent assessors to ensure the activities of a general industry do not pose any contamination risk to the food industries nearby.7.4
Annex C lists some examples of general industry.7.5
Food industries that may give rise to any emissions, such as odour, fumes, steam, shall be sited in food zones or in private land developments designated or approved by the relevant authorities.7.6
Factories should install, operate and maintain pollution control equipment in order to minimise air, water and noise pollution arising from their operations in accordance to the EPMA and its regulations.8
Special industry
8.1
Factories that can cause serious air and water pollution and will require pollution control equipment to treat the air pollutants and waste water to comply with the permissible limits. Special industry can also pose serious nuisance impacts due to dust, fumes, noise and smell that will adversely affect adjoining and surrounding premises.8.2
There should be a buffer distance of at least 500 m between the special industrial site boundary and the nearest residential building.8.3
There should be a buffer distance of at least 100 m between any food industry premises and special industry premises and vice-versa. Where required by the relevant authorities, risk assessments conducted by a competent independent assessors to ensure the activities of a special industry does not pose any contamination risk to any food industry nearby.8.4
Annex D lists some examples of special industries. Special industry includes industries classified as scheduled premises and a list of scheduled premises is given in Annex E.8.5
Special industries such as oil refineries, petrochemical and chemical manufacturing plants, toxic industrial wastes treatment facilities, should be sited at least 1 km from the industrial site boundary to the nearest residential building or from any food industries.8.6.1 Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) Study
A QRA study should be carried out to:
(a) identify and quantify hazards and risks related to the transport, use and storage of hazardous chemicals;
(b) determine impact zones due to accidents which could lead to fire, explosion or release of toxic gases (the impact zones should not extend to residential sites);
(c) recommend measures to be incorporated in the design and operation of the plant to keep risks to a low level and to minimise the impact zones; and
(d) facilitate the development of emergency response plans to deal with all credible accident scenarios.
8.6.2 Pollution control study
A pollution control study should be carried out to:
(a) identify sources of emission of air pollutants, discharge of trade effluent, generation of wastes and emission of noise; and
(b) propose measures to reduce pollution and to mitigate adverse pollution impact on surrounding land use.
Section Four – Requirements to operate a factory
9
Use of industrial premises
The following guidelines and the Industrial Allocation (IA) from the relevant authority on the use of industrial premises should be complied with:
(a) the premises are sited in a designated industrial estate and is compatible with the surrounding land use;
(b) clean technology is adopted to minimise the use of hazardous substances and the generation of wastes. The processes used will facilitate recycling, reuse and recovery of the wastes;
(c) the use or storage of hazardous substances will not pose unmanageable health and safety hazards, and pollution problems;
(d) the discharge of trade effluent and emission of air impurities should comply with discharge or emission standards as given in Annex H and Annex Q; and
(e) the wastes generated can be safely managed and properly disposed of.
10
Trade effluent discharge into public sewer and watercourse
All wastewater generated from industrial/trade premises to be discharged into a public sewer shall comply with the requirements of the statutory regulations and requirements of the relevant authority. All effluents that are prohibited to be discharged into a public sewer shall be collected and sent to approved treatment plants for disposal. No sewage or sullage water or water with other pollutants (listed in the SDA and the Sewerage and Drainage (Trade Effluent) Regulations) should be
Section Five – Pollution control requirements
Industrial and other developments should be designed and incorporated with pollution control facilities to reduce and control pollution so as to minimise any adverse pollution impact on surrounding developments.
11
Water pollution
11.1 General requirements
11.1.1 All wastewater are to be discharged into a public sewer unless a written waiver is granted by the
relevant authority. All uncontaminated rainwater should be discharged into a watercourse or other collection medium with the approval of the relevant authorities. Contaminated rainwater should be collected and treated in compliance with the discharge limits stipulated in Annex H before discharge into a watercourse.
11.1.2 Trade effluent containing Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Total Suspended Solids
(TSS) exceeding the allowable limits may be discharged into a public sewer with the approval of the relevant authority
11.1.3 Secondary containment facilities should be provided for storage tanks containing oils and
chemicals to contain accidental release. The containment facility should be designed based on the volume of the largest storage tank.
The occupier or owner shall take immediate mitigating measures to control and contain any accidental release, leakage or spillage from its premises and shall notify relevant authority immediately. The occupier or owner shall clean up any land, watercourses or other areas contaminated by such release, leakage or spillage. All wastes generated from the clean-up activities shall be treated and disposed of safely.
11.2 Specific requirements
11.2.1 Trade effluent treatment plant
Industries which generate trade effluent that do not meet the allowable limits for discharge into public sewers or watercourses as specified in Annex H should install, operate and maintain a treatment plant to treat the effluent to comply with the allowable limits.
A separate effluent drain line should be provided to collect and convey trade effluent generated into a sampling sump before discharge into a public sewer. A schematic drawing of the sampling sump is given in Annex I.
The trade effluent treatment plant should be designed and provided with spill containment facilities to channel any spill back to the treatment plant.
For a trade effluent treatment plant which includes neutralisation, a pH monitoring cum effluent discharge control system should be provided in the last inspection chamber of the premises before discharge into a public sewer. The details of the monitoring and control system shall be approved by the authority. Guidelines on continuous on-line pH monitoring and effluent discharge control at last inspection chamber of factory are given in Annex J. A schematic drawing of the monitoring and control system is given in Annex K.
Diluting trade effluent with potable water, rainwater or industrial water to comply with the allowable limits is not allowed.
11.2.2 Cooling tower
The overflow/drain-off of a cooling tower should be discharged into a public sewer or any other approved means acceptable to the authority.
11.2.3 Boiler
Wastewater from boiler blow down should be cooled to below 45°C before discharge into a public sewer or any other approved means acceptable to the authority.
11.2.4 Chemical/oil bulk storage tanks
A full containment facility, including provision of paved area, geo-synthetic liners or any other approved means of ground protection should be provided for underground or above-ground bulk storage tanks, including skid tanks. The capacity of the containment facility should not be less than the capacity of the largest tank.
For a secondary containment facility that is fully enclosed, a leak detection system with an alarm device should be provided within the facility. A leak test should be conducted before the tank is put into use. The leak test should conform to the guidelines given in Annex L. A contingency plan should be developed and put in place to deal with leaks. The contingency plan should meet the requirements given in Annex M.
For an elevated storage tank, the secondary containment facility should be provided with measures to contain a shooting jet of chemical/oil released through a rupture in the tank.
For a secondary containment facility exposed to the weather, it should be provided with a system to discharge rainwater collected in the facility. The discharge system should be designed and operated to allow only rainwater to be discharged. If the rainwater is contaminated, it has to be treated before discharge into a watercourse.
The connection point for a filling pipe of a bulk storage tank should be provided with measures to contain spillage.
11.2.5 Chemical warehouses/storages
A chemical/oil store is to be provided with facilities to contain any leak and spillage. Such an area should not have any outlet/opening leading to a storm water drain or a public sewer. All leaks and spillage are to be collected for proper treatment or disposal as toxic industrial wastes.
Separate fire compartments are to be provided for the storage of substances that can react dangerously with one another. Substances in the same hazard categories may be stored together as long as the compartment is protected against the most hazardous substance. The guidelines for storage of hazardous substances are given in Annex N.
Companies which store large quantities of hazardous substances, i.e. at any one time in excess of 100 MT in total quantity or 20 MT of IMDG Class 6 (Toxic) hazardous substances in total quantity should provide a retention basin for contaminated fire-fighting water.
The capacity of the retention basin depends on whether a fire compartment is provided with automatic fire extinguishing system such as water sprinklers. A smaller retention basin may be provided if an automatic fire extinguishing system is installed. The recommended volume of the retention basin for contaminated fire-fighting water is given in Annex O.
11.2.6 Laboratory
All wastewater from laboratories should be discharged into a public sewer. Wastewater generated from a chemical analysis laboratory should be discharged into a sewer via a balancing tank, also known as a dilution tank. A schematic drawing of the balancing/dilution tank is shown in Annex P.
If there is more than one chemical analysis laboratory, a common balancing tank may be provided to serve the laboratories. The wastewater from the laboratories may also be discharged into a trade effluent treatment plant if one is provided.
11.2.7 Aquacultural farm
Trade effluent generated from land based aquacultural farms needs to be treated to comply with the allowable limits before it is discharged into a public sewer. Where a public sewer is not available, it has to be collected, pre-treated and disposed of at water reclamation plants approved by or treated to comply with the allowable limits for discharge into a watercourse with the prior written approval from the proper authorities.
Sludge, if generated, should be stabilised, dewatered and disposed of as solid waste.
11.2.8 Livestock farm
Livestock should not to be reared in the open. Properly covered sheds should be erected and provided with odour control facilities for the rearing of livestock.
Trade effluent generated ought to be collected and treated to comply with the allowable discharge limits before discharge into a public sewer or watercourse, where a public sewer is not available.
Animal wastes and sludge generated from wastewater treatment should be stabilised, dewatered and disposed of as solid waste.
Poultry wastes may be collected for disposal as solid wastes. The wastes should be stored inside a storage shed with a containment facility provided with odour control measures to mitigate smell nuisance.
11.2.9 Horticultural farm and golf course
Pesticides and fertilisers that are approved by authority should be used. In addition for use of pesticides and fertilisers within water catchments, the approval of relevant authority is required. Pesticides and fertilisers should be applied strictly in accordance with the guidelines of the manufacturers or distributors to prevent pollution of surface water.
12
Air pollution
12.1
Waste wood, timber and other combustible wastes are not to be disposed of by open fire.12.2
Trade and industrial premises which carry out activities that can generate air impurities are required to install, operate and maintain air pollution control equipment properly and efficiently. The pollution control equipment has to be designed to comply with the allowable emission standards. The emission of air impurities shall comply with the requirements of the EPMA and its Regulations. Exhaust from the pollution control equipment is to be emitted into the atmosphere through a discharge stack approved by the authority to ensure safe dispersion.12.3
Fuel burning equipment should be efficiently operated and maintained. The fuel burning equipment should use fuel (e.g. natural gas, town gas, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), and/or diesel withequipment installed in premises that are sited within 100 m of any residential/naturally ventilated buildings with live-in facilities such as old aged homes, hostels, etc.
12.4
A chimney of an approved height should be provided for safe dispersion of flue gases from fuel burning equipment. The design height of the chimney shall be computed based on the mass rate of fuel burnt to determine the sulphur dioxide (SO2) emission from the fuel burning equipment, and take into account the height of buildings in the vicinity. The design chimney height computed from the SO2 emission calculation shall not be lower than 3 m above roof level of all factory buildings in the vicinity (refer to Figure 1 for distance criteria) or 15 m measured from ground level, whichever is higher.12.5
Monitoring equipment is to be provided at discharge stacks and chimneys to monitor air impurities emitted in order to ensure that the emissions comply with the air emission limits. The monitoring equipment is to be installed in accordance with the technical specifications of the equipment supplier to give accurate readings. For scheduled premises, in-stack continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) or an alternative monitoring system for emission control approved by the authority shall be provided at discharge stacks and chimneys operating fuel burning equipment to monitor air impurities emitted. The parameters to be monitored (for example smoke, particulate matter, mercury, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, temperature and flue gas flow rate) shall comply with the relevant authority’s requirements. The continuous monitoring system shall be designed to relay the emission data to the relevant authority’s central monitoring system in real time. Sampling ports shall be provided for calibration of CEMS or for manual installation of portable sampling equipment. The ports shall be accessible.12.6
The design and installation of any flare system for safe disposal of hydrocarbon gases shall be cleared with the relevant authority before it is submitted for approval at the development’s planning stage. Standard operating procedures (SOP) on minimising flaring duration and operational feasibility of shutting down the specific process unit which feeds the flare system should be established. A monitoring device (e.g. CCTV with recording functions) shall be installed as approved by the relevant authority.12.7
Special waste incinerators for toxic industrial wastes are to be designed and operated to comply with emission standards specified in Annex R.13
Noise pollution
13.1 General requirements
13.1.1 All practical noise abatement measures should be adopted to comply with the allowable
boundary noise levels specified in the Environmental Protection and Management (Boundary Noise Limits for Factory Premises) Regulations. For non-industrial buildings, the Guidelines on Boundary Noise Limits for Air Conditioning and Ventilation Systems in Non-Industrial Buildings could be adopted. Please refer to relevant authority’s website for a copy of the said Guidelines.
13.1.2 Mechanical equipment such as air compressors, chillers, cooling towers, air-conditioners,
exhaust fans of mechanical ventilation system, etc should be sited as far away as practical from noise-sensitive developments such as healthcare and educational institutions, aged homes, etc and residential buildings and the facing of the exhaust outlets should be in accordance with SS 553. Mechanical equipment of low sound power should be used wherever possible. Noise abatement measures such as acoustic screen walls, noise barriers, soundproof enclosures, etc could be provided to comply with the allowable boundary noise levels.
13.1.3 For new developments, the developer or Qualified Person is advised to carry out a site survey
to assess the existing sources of noise pollution in the vicinity which could pose noise nuisance impact. Noise abatement measures should be factored into the building design in order to mitigate the nuisance impact. Acoustic consultants may be engaged for this purpose.
Note:
• For non-scheduled boilers (≤ 2300 kg/h of steam generated), x ≤ 30 m. • For scheduled boilers (> 2300 kg/h of steam generated), x ≤ 100 m.
Figure 1 – Chimney height for the safe dispersion of flue gases from fuel burning equipment
3m Proposed Factory Stack Tallest Building x m Minimum 15m Stack Proposed Factory
13.2 Specific requirements
13.2.1 Residential development near expressway
Adequate setback in compliance with the relevant authority’s guideline should be maintained between residential buildings and major arterial roads/expressways to minimise the impact of traffic noise. In addition, non-noise sensitive buildings/structures, such as car parks, driveways, electrical substations, etc, should be sited within the setback in order to minimise the impact of traffic noise on the residents.
13.2.2 Residential development near petrol stations or places of worship
Residential development located near petrol stations or places of worship should either provide adequate separation buffer or incorporate passive abatement measures in order to mitigate any nuisance due to odour, noise, fumes, smoke, etc. The separation buffer could be utilised for non-sensitive structures such as car parks, electrical substations, etc.
13.2.3 Residential/noise sensitive developments near Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) tracks/stations
Residential or noise sensitive development near MRT tracks/stations should provide the minimum building setbacks as set out below.
Table 1 – Building setbacks for residential developments near MRT tracks Orientation of building Minimum building setback (m)
Fronting track 35
End-wall facing track 25
In addition, the building design shall incorporate noise abatement measures in order to mitigate noise impacts from the MRT operation.
13.2.4 Residential developments near to heavy vehicle park
Residential development located near heavy vehicle park should be provided with a 100m buffer in order to mitigate any nuisance impacts due to noise, fumes, etc.
Section Six – Hazardous substances and toxic industrial wastes control
requirements
14
Hazardous substances
14.1
Companies that import, export, sell, store, use or transport hazardous substances should comply with the requirements of the relevant authority. Preventive measures should be taken to minimise accidental release of hazardous substances into the environment and emergency response plans put in place to deal with all credible accident scenarios of release of hazardous substances. The preventive measures include:(a) Containers constructed and inspected in accordance with internationally acceptable standards are used for the storage of hazardous substances and affixed with approved labels;
(b) Storage areas are equipped with containment as well as disposal facilities to deal with accidental release of hazardous substances;
(c) Route and time are specified for the transportation of hazardous substances exceeding specified quantities;
(d) Drivers of road tankers and tankers carrying hazardous substances are required to undergo a special training course on safety requirements and precautions, first aid and fire fighting;
(e) The owner or consignor of any consignment of any hazardous substance should notify the relevant authorities immediately of any accidental release, leakage or spill of hazardous substances during transport; and
(f) The owner or consignor is to ensure immediate mitigating measures are taken to control and contain the release, leakage or spill and clean up of any affected land, drain or watercourses. All wastes generated should be treated and disposed of safely.
14.2
Companies that are licensed to store and use hazardous substances may be required to carry out safety audits to systematically identify and rectify weaknesses in their management systems and practices for handling hazardous substances on a regular basis.15
Toxic industrial waste
15.1
Industries are to engage licensed toxic industrial waste collectors to collect their toxic industrial wastes for safe treatment and disposal. Alternatively, industries could install in-house treatment facilities to recycle and reuse their toxic industrial waste or treat it for safe disposal.15.2
Toxic industrial wastes are controlled by the Environmental Public Health (Toxic Industrial Waste) Regulations. The collection, treatment and disposal of toxic industrial wastes shall comply with the relevant authority’s requirement.15.3
Toxic industrial wastes should be stored in standard containers made of material suitable for the relevant chemical(s). A suitable location should be set aside specially for storage of toxic industrial wastes and marked prominently with standard hazard warning signs.15.4
Toxic industrial wastes should be stored taking into account their properties and compatibility to prevent reactions during storage. Incompatible toxic industrial wastes should not be mixed in the same container. Separate secondary containment facilities should be provided for each incompatible liquid toxic industrial waste.15.5
Pathogenic wastes from hospitals, healthcare and research institutions, clinics and laboratories should be segregated from chemical wastes and general wastes. Pathogenic wastes should be placed in a secured final storage area prior to collection by a biohazardous waste collector licensed by the authority. No compaction of pathogenic wastes is allowed.15.6
All toxic industrial wastes are to be collected, treated and disposed of in compliance with the stipulated standards. The operatorsare required to maintain a proper record of collection, treatment and disposal of toxic industrial wastes. Toxic industrial waste disposal facilities storing toxic industrial wastes exceeding 100 MT for all toxic industrial wastes and/or 20 MT of IMDG Class 6 toxic industrial wastes should provide retention basin(s) for contaminated fire-fighting water.15.7
Solid residues disposal such as sludge from wastewater treatment facilities and fly ash from waste incinerators may contain toxic contaminants such as heavy metals. Such wastes have to be treated to comply with leachate test standards before disposal at a landfill site approved by the relevant authority.15.8
More information on hazardous waste management is available in SS CP 100 – Code of Practice for Hazardous Waste Management.Section Seven – Control of land pollution and remediation of contaminated
sites
When a site that is used for polluting activities is to be redeveloped, rezoned or reused for a non-polluting activity, a study should be conducted on the site to assess extent of land contamination. If the site assessment study shows that the site is contaminated, the site needs to be cleaned up to comply with the authority’s requirements.
16
Polluting activities
A site assessment, in addition to other relevant statutory requirements, is required to be carried out for the list of polluting activities specified in Annex S.
17
Site assessment study and clean-up of contaminated sites
17.1
When a site used for a polluting activity is to be leased, transferred or sold to another party forthe same or other polluting activities, a site assessment study should be conducted to allow parties involved to ascertain the extent of contamination, if any.
When a site is to be developed for a polluting activity, it is recommended that a site assessment study be conducted to establish the baseline soil conditions for future assessment of land contamination.
17.2
A report of the site assessment study and clean-up plan should include the followinginformation:
(a) Site location and boundaries; (b) Site ownership;
(c) Party responsible for assessment and management, if not owner; (d) Soil consultant’s expertise;
(e) Proposed use of site;
(f) History of site - activities of previous owners; (g) Site assessment standard/methodology adopted; (h) Site inspection and evidence of possible contamination;
(i) Initial testing - sampling protocol, locations, laboratory used; and (j) Results of soil and groundwater analysis (if applicable);
18
Remediation of contaminated sites
The contaminated sites shall be cleaned according to relevant standards (referred to in Annex T) acceptable to the authority.
Annex A
(normative)
List of clean industries
1) Software design and development;
2) Product/prototype design, industrial and engineering design; 3) Fashion designing;
4) Assembly and repair of computer hardware, audio-visual equipment, and other communication/electronic equipment, apparatus and parts. Spray-painting, electroplating or galvanising operations are excluded though minor soldering is allowed;
5) Information Technology (IT) technical support/maintenance centres;
6) Assembly and repair of office, computing and accounting machinery (not involving spray-painting, electroplating or galvanising operations);
7) Assembly and repair of electrical appliances and housewares without the use of powertools. Spray-painting, electroplating or galvanising operations are excluded though minor soldering is allowed;
8) Assembly and repair of photographic and optical goods (not involving spray-painting, electroplating or galvanising operations);
9) Manufacture and repair of watches and clocks (not involving spray-painting, electroplating or galvanising operations);
10) Manufacture of paper products without printing and gluing activities, and use of boiler;
11) Manufacture of professional, scientific, measuring and controlling equipment (not involving the use of chemicals); and
Annex B
(normative)
List of light industries
1) Packing of dried foodstuff, blending of food ingredients, bottling of syrups/cordial juice; 2) Research & Development not more than 100kg of non-toxic chemicals in total;
3) Biotechnology that does not generate smell or fume;
4) Manufacture of made-up textile goods (except wearing apparel) without dyeing, bleaching and/or other finishing operations;
5) Knitting mills without dyeing, bleaching and/or other finishing operations;
6) Manufacture of carpets and rugs without dyeing, bleaching and/or other finishing products; 7) Manufacture of wearing apparel (except footwear) without dyeing and/or bleaching
operations;
8) Manufacture of polyethylene products (not involving printing operation);
9) Manufacture of footwear, except for those made of plastic or vulcanised/moulded rubber; 10) Manufacture of products of leather and leather substitutes, except footwear and wearing
apparel;
11) Printing, publishing and allied industries;
12) Mould-making without metal stamping, etching or electroplating; 13) Manufacture of plastic products, not elsewhere classified; 14) Manufacture of containers and boxes of paperboard;
15) Manufacture of paper products, involving printing activities without pulping works or bleaching operations;
16) Servicing and refilling of fire extinguishers;
17) Science parks, involving small quantities of non-toxic chemicals; and 18) Packing and bottling of medicated oil.
Annex C
(normative)
List of general industries
Food industries
1) Manufacture of food products (factories not having scheduled boilers). Food processing factories such as food catering and confectioneries which generate wastewater containing high concentration of oil and grease should be sited in units which are served by a separate sanitary plumbing system connected to a grease trap.
2) Blending of flavours and fragrances; and 3) Packing and bottling of medicinal herbs.
Non-food industries
Such industries may be located near food industries only if a buffer distance of at least 100 m is provided between boundaries of the buildings of the food industry and the general industry:
1) Manufacture of jewellery and related articles - very small-scale jewellery electroforming operations could be allowed in flatted factories that are used for light industries;
2) Manufacture of electrical apparatus and supplies, not elsewhere classified;
3) Manufacture of professional, scientific, measuring and controlling equipment, not elsewhere classified;
4) Manufacture of musical instruments;
5) Manufacture of sporting and athletic goods (excluding woodworking or electroplating operations);
6) Manufacture of emergency lighting and power supply systems; 7) Biotechnology that generate smell or fume;
8) Manufacture of made-up textile goods, with dyeing, bleaching and/or other finishing operations;
9) Manufacture of textiles, not elsewhere classified;
10) Knitting mills with dyeing, bleaching and/or other finishing operations;
11) Manufacture of carpets and rugs with dyeing, bleaching and/or other finishing operations; 12) Manufacture of furniture and fixtures, excluding metal furniture;
13) Manufacture of wooden and cane containers and small cane wares excluding bleaching of cane;
14) Manufacture of wood and cork products, not elsewhere classified; 15) Cordage, rope and twine industries;
16) Manufacture of metal drums and containers;
17) Manufacture of metallic components using powder metallurgy methods;
19) Manufacture of dry cells and batteries, excluding metal electrodes; 20) Cutting, grinding and polishing of marble and ceramic tiles;
21) Manufacturing industries, otherwise classified as clean or light industries, with spray-painting operations;
22) Vehicle repair and servicing;
23) Repair and maintenance of engines, motors and mechanical pumps; 24) Industrial laundry services without scheduled boilers;
25) Filling/bottling of inert industrial gases such as nitrogen, helium and argon; 26) Storage of chemicals, detergents, oils, solvents, pesticides and related products; 27) Storage of rubber products and other odorous products;
28) Manufacturing industries, not elsewhere classified; 29) Manufacturing of joss sticks;
30) Warehouses storing general goods and non-hazardous substances/chemicals;
31) Warehousing activities and storage of finished products such as furniture, electric appliances, garments, canned food and beverages etc;
32) Manufacture of cutlery, hand tools and general hardware;
33) Blending of detergents and cleaning preparations, perfumes, hair care products, cosmetics and other toilet preparations;
34) Manufacture of aluminium window frames and grills from aluminium extrusions without spray painting operations;
35) Jigs, fixtures and mould making activities;
36) Storing, sorting and recycling of plastic materials, metal scraps, horticultural waste, etc; and 37) Diagnostics laboratories and referral laboratories.
Annex D
(normative)
List of special industries
Food industries
1) Slaughtering of livestock, poultry and the likes; 2) Manufacture of dairy products;
3) Canning and preserving of fruits and vegetables;
4) Canning, preserving and processing of fish, crustaceans and similar food; 5) Manufacture of vegetable and animal oils and fats;
6) Grain mill products;
7) Sugar factories and refineries; and 8) Manufacture of alcoholic products.
Non-food industries
1) Manufacture of prepared animal feed; 2) Manufacture of drugs and medicines;
3) Manufacture of paints, varnishes and lacquers;
4) Other manufacturing industries involving the use of large quantities of organic solvents; 5) Assembly of computer hardware, audio-visual equipment, and other communication/
electronic equipment, apparatus and parts involving electroplating;
6) Assembly of office, computing and accounting machinery involving electroplating or galvanizing operations;
7) Assembly of electrical appliances and housewares involving electroplating or galvanising operations;
8) Assembly of photographic and optical goods involving electroplating or galvanising operations;
9) Manufacture of watches and clocks involving electroplating or galvanising operations;
10) Manufacture of sporting and athletic goods involving woodworking or electroplating operations;
11) Other manufacturing industries with electroplating or galvanising operations; 12) Manufacture of furniture and fixtures that are primarily made of metal; 13) Manufacture of rubber or polyurethane foam;
14) Iron and steel basic industries;
15) Manufacture of structural steel products; 16) Non-ferrous metal basic industries;
17) Metal-refining industries, including recovery of precious metals;
18) Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment, not elsewhere classified;
21) Machining of metal and woodworking machinery;
22) Manufacture of special industrial machinery and equipment, except metal and woodworking machinery;
23) Manufacture of machinery and equipment, except electrical, not elsewhere classified; 24) Manufacture of electrical industrial machinery and apparatus;
25) Tanneries and leather finishing; 26) Dressing and dyeing industries;
27) Spinning, weaving and finishing of textiles;
28) Manufacture of pulp, paper and paperboard including bleaching operations; 29) Sawmills and planing mills;
30) Other woodworking industries, not elsewhere classified; 31) Manufacture of basic industrial chemicals, except fertilisers; 32) Manufacture of fertilisers, pesticides and herbicides;
33) Manufacture of soaps and cleaning preparations, perfumes, cosmetics and other toilet preparations (except those without chemical reactions);
34) Petroleum refineries;
35) Manufacture of synthetic resins, plastic materials and man-made fibres and foams, except those made of glass;
36) Manufacture of miscellaneous products of petroleum and coal; 37) Manufacture of chemical products, not elsewhere classified; 38) Processing of waste oils and waste chemicals;
39) Processing of food wastes, including composting plant; 40) Bulk storage of hazardous substances;
41) Tyre and tube industries;
42) Manufacture of rubber products, not elsewhere classified; 43) Manufacture of pottery, china and earthen ware;
44) Manufacture of glass and glass products; 45) Manufacture of structural clay products; 46) Manufacture of cement, lime and plaster;
47) Manufacture of non-metallic mineral products, not elsewhere classified; 48) Industries using radioactive materials;
49) Shipbuilding and repairing;
50) Manufacture of railroad equipment; 51) Manufacture of motor vehicles;
52) Manufacture of motorcycles and bicycles; 53) Manufacture of aircrafts;
54) Manufacture of transport equipment, not elsewhere classified; 55) Any other industrial premises classified as scheduled premises; and 56) Chemical warehouses handling hazardous substances.
Annex E
(normative)
List of scheduled premises
NOTE – Refer to the Environmental Protection and Management Act (EPMA) for the current list of scheduled premises.
Premises
1) Cement works, being works for the manufacture or packing of portland cement, similar cement or pozzolanic materials;
2) Concrete works, being works for the manufacture of concrete, with each batch capacity greater than 0.5 cubic metre;
3) Asphalt works, being works for the manufacture of asphalt or tarmacadam;
4) Ceramic works, being works in which any products such as bricks, tiles, pipes, pottery goods, refractories or glass are manufactured in furnaces or kilns fired by any fuel;
5) Chemical works, being works in which acids, alkali, chemical fertiliser, soap, detergent, sodium silicates, lime or other calcium compounds, chlorine, chemicals or chemical products are manufactured;
6) Coke or charcoal works, being works in which coke or charcoal is produced and quenched, cut, crushed or graded;
7) Ferrous and non-ferrous metal works, being works in which metal melting process for casting and/or metal coating are carried out;
8) Gas works, being works in which coal, coke, oil or other mixtures or derivatives are handled or prepared for carbonisation or gasification and in which such materials are subsequently carbonised or gasified;
9) Crushing, grinding and milling works, being works in which rock, ores, minerals, chemicals or natural grain products are processed by crushing, grinding, milling or separating into different sizes by sieving, air elutriation or in any other manner;
10) Petroleum works, being works in which crude or shale oil or crude petroleum or other mineral oils are refined or reconditioned;
11) Scrap metal recovery works, being works in which scrap metals are treated in any type of furnace for recovery of metal irrespective of whether or not this is the primary object of any specific premises;
12) Primary metallurgical works, being works in which ores are smelted or converted to metal of any kind;
13) Pulping works, being works in which wood or cellulose material is made into pulp; and
14) Abrasive blasting works, being works in which equipment or structures are cleaned by abrasive blasting.
Premises with boilers
On which is erected any boiler of steam generating capacity of at least 2,300 kg/h, incinerator or furnace burning 500 kg or more of solid combustible material per hour or 220 kg or more of liquid material per hour.
Premises used for the storage of chemicals
Being used or intended to be used for storing —1) More than 100 tons of one or more of the following substances: chemicals, chemical products, hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon products which are toxic or which produce toxic gases on burning or on contact with water or air; or
2) More than 1,000 tons of one or more of the following substances: chemicals, chemical products, hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon products with a flashpoint lower than 55°C.
Annex F
(normative)
List of hazardous substances as specified in the Environmental
Protection and Management Act
NOTE – Refer to the Environmental Protection Management Act (EPMA) for the current list of hazardous substances
F.1 Hazardous substances
Hazardous substances
Substance Exclusion
1,2-dibromoethane (EDB)
Acetic acid Substances containing not more than 80%, weight in weight, of acetic acid;
Preparations and solutions for photographic use. Acetyl bromide
Allyl isothiocyanate
Alkali metal bifluorides; Ammonium bifluoride; Potassium fluoride; Sodium fluoride; Potassium silicofluoride; Sodium silicofluoride; Silicofluoric acid
Preparations containing not more than 0.3%, weight in weight, of potassium fluoride in radiator protectors;
Preparations containing not more than 0.96%, weight in weight, of potassium fluoride in photographic chemicals;
Substances containing not more than 3%, weight in weight, of sodium fluoride or sodium silicofluoride as a preservative;
Substances containing sodium fluoride intended for the treatment of human ailments.
Ammonia Preparations and solutions of ammonia containing not more than 10%, weight in weight, of ammonia;
Refrigeration equipment;
Photographic and plan developers; Hair colour dyes;
Perm lotions; Smelling bottles. Ammonium chlorate
Anionic surface active agents Preparations containing less than 5% by weight of anionic surface active agents;
Preparations containing anionic surface active agents which are not less than 90% biodegradable under a test carried out in accordance with that part of the OECD method which is referred to as Confirmatory Test Procedure in European Communities Council Directive No. 73/405/EEC (C) or other equivalent test methods acceptable to the Director.
Antimony pentachloride Polishes Antimony trihydride
Hazardous substances
Substance Exclusion
Arsenical substances, the following: Arsenic acid Arsenic sulphide Arsenic trichloride Arsine Calcium arsenite Copper arsenate Copper arsenite Lead arsenate
Organic compounds of arsenic Oxides of arsenic
Potassium arsenite Sodium arsenate Sodium arsenite Sodium thioarsenate
Pyrites ores or sulphuric acid containing arsenical poisons as natural impurities; Animal feeding stuffs containing not more than 0.005%, weight in weight, of 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl-arsonic acid and not containing any other arsenical poison; Animal feeding stuffs containing not more than 0.01%, weight in weight, of arsanilic acid and not containing any other arsenical poison;
Animal feeding stuffs containing not more than 0.0375%, weight in weight, of carbarsone and not containing any other arsenical poison.
Asbestos in the form of crocidolite, actinolite, anthophyllite, amosite, tremolite, chrysotile and amphiboles and products containing these forms of asbestos
Asbestos in the form of chrysotile in any vehicle brake or clutch lining installed in any vehicle registered before 1st April 1995.
Boric acid; Sodium borate Boric acid or sodium borate in medicinal preparations, cosmetics, toilet preparations and substances being preparations intended for human consumption;
Preparations containing boric acid or sodium borate or a combination of both where water or solvent is not the only other part of the composition.
Boron tribromide Boron trichloride Boron trifluoride
Bromine; Bromine solutions
Cadmium-containing silver brazing alloy Captafol Carbamates Benomyl; Carbendazim; Chlorpropham; Propham; Thiophanate-methyl;
Preparations containing not more than 1%, weight in weight, of propoxur and not containing any other carbamate;
Preparations containing not more than 1%, weight in weight, of methomyl and not containing any other carbamate.
Carbon monoxide Gas mixtures containing carbon monoxide weighing less than 1 metric tonne;
Gas mixtures containing carbon monoxide as by-products from combustion activities.
Carbon tetrafluoride
Chlorinated hydrocarbons, the following: Aldrin
Benzene hexachloride (BHC) Bromocyclen
Camphechlor Chlorbenside
Paper impregnated with not more than 0.3%, weight in weight, of benzene hexachloride or gamma - BHC provided it is labelled with directions that no food, wrapped or unwrapped, or food utensils are to be placed on the treated paper, and that it is not to be used where food is prepared or served.
Hazardous substances Substance Exclusion Chlorbicyclen Chlordane Chlordecone Chlordimeform Chlorfenethol Chlorfenson Chlorfensulphide Chlorobenzilate Chloropropylate Dicophane (DDT) pp'-DDT Dicofol Dieldrin Endosulfan Endrin Fenazaflor Fenson Fluorbenzide
Gamma benzene hexachloride (Gamma - BHC), also known as lindane
HCH (mixed isomers) HEOD [1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a- octahydro-1, 4 (exo): 5,8 (endo)-dimethano naphthalene] HHDN [1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-1,4 (exo):5,8 (endo)-dimethano naphthalene] Heptachlor Hexachloroethane Isobenzan Isodrin Kelevan Methoxychlor [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-di-(p-methoxyphenyl) ethane] Mirex Tetrachlordiphenylethane [TDE; 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane] Tetradifon Tetrasul Toxaphene
Allied chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds used as pesticides (insecticides, acaricides, etc.)
Chlorine Chlorine used for chlorination of water in swimming pools Chlorine trifluoride
Chlorobenzenes, the following: Monochlorobenzene
Meta-dichlorobenzene Ortho-dichlorobenzene Trichlorobenzene Tetrachlorobenzene
Hazardous substances
Substance Exclusion
Chlorophenols, the following: Monochlorophenol
Dichlorophenol Trichlorophenol Tetrachlorophenol
Pentachlorophenol and its salts and esters
Substances containing not more than 1%, weight in weight, of chlorophenols.
Chlorophenoxyacids; their salts, esters, amines, which include but are not limited to -
2,4,5-T and its salts and esters Chloropicrin
Chlorosilanes, the following: Hexachlorodisilane
Phenyltrichlorosilane Tetrachlorosilane Chlorosulphonic acid
Chromic acid Substances containing not more than 9%, weight in weight, of chromic acid;
Photographic solutions containing chromic acid in individual containers containing not more than 15 kilograms each of such solutions and of aggregate weight of not more than 500 kilograms of such solutions. Cyanides Ferrocyanides; Ferricyanides; Acetonitrile; Acrylonitrile; Butyronitrile; 2-Dimethylaminoacetonitrile; Isobutyronitrile; Methacrylonitrile; Propionitrile. Diborane Dibromochloropropane Diethyl sulphate
Dinitro-ortho-cresol (DNOC)and its salts (such as ammonium salt, potassium salt and sodium salt)
Dinosam; its compounds with a metal or a base
Dinoseb and its salts and esters, which includes but is not limited to -
Binapacryl Diquat; its salts
Drazoxolon; its salts Dressings on seeds. Dustable powder formulations
containing a combination of – Benomyl at or above 7 percent, carbofuran at above 10 percent, thiram at or above 15 percent.
Hazardous substances
Substance Exclusion
Endothal; its salts Epichlorohydrin
Ethyl mercaptan Substances containing less than 1%, weight in weight, of ethyl mercaptan
Ethylene dichloride Ethylene imine
Ethylene oxide Mixtures of inert gases and ethylene oxide comprising not more than 12%, weight in weight, of ethylene oxide contained in cylinders of water capacity less than 47 litres and for aggregate of not more than 3 numbers of such cylinders.
Ferric chloride
Fipronil Formulated products containing Fipronil approved for household use and belonging to the WHO class IV hazards.
Fluorine
Fluoroacetamide
Formaldehyde Substances containing not more than 5%, weight in weight, of formaldehyde;
Photographic glazing or hardening solutions.
Formic acid Substances containing not more than 5%, weight in weight, of formic acid.
Germane
Hydrazine anhydrous; Hydrazine aqueous solutions
Hydrochloric acid Substances containing not more than 9%, weight in weight, of hydrochloric acid.
Hydrofluoric acid Preparations or solutions containing not more than 2%, weight in weight, of hydrofluoric acid.
Hydrogen chloride
Hydrogen cyanide; Hydrocyanic acid Preparations of wild cherry;
In reagent kits supplied for medical or veterinary purposes, substances containing less than the equivalent of 0.1%, weight in weight, of hydrocyanic acid.
Hydrogen fluoride Hydrogen selenide
Isocyanates Polyisocyanates containing less than 0.7%, weight in weight, of free monomeric diisocyanates;
Pre-polymerised isocyanates in polyurethane paints and lacquers; Hardeners and bonding agents for immediate use in adhesives. Lead compounds in paint Lead compounds in paint in which the lead content is not more
than 0.06% by weight of the paint;
Lead compounds in paint in which the container is affixed with an appropriate label.
The labels to be used for paints containing lead compounds are in accordance with Part IV of the Second Schedule.
Lead tetra-ethyl and similar lead containing compounds in petrol intended for use in Singapore as fuel for motor vehicles
Mercury compounds including inorganic mercury compounds, alkyl mercury
Hazardous substances
Substance Exclusion
aryl mercury compounds, and other organic compounds of mercury
Mercury and its compounds in batteries Batteries other than mercury oxide batteries, zinc carbon batteries containing more than 0.001% by weight of mercury per cell and alkaline batteries, except those in button form, containing more than 0.025% by weight of mercury per cell.
Mercury in fluorescent lamps (primarily
for lighting purposes) Compact fluorescent lamps containing mercury not exceeding 5 mg; Linear or circular fluorescent lamps containing mercury not exceeding 10 mg.
Metanil yellow (sodium salt of
metanilylazo-diphenylamine) Dye-indicators used in laboratories. Methyl chloride
Methyl mercaptan Substances containing less than 1%, weight in weight, of methyl mercaptan.
Monomethyltetrachloro diphenyl methane
Monomethyl-dichloro-diphenyl methane Monomethyl-dibromodiphenyl methane Neonicotinoid compounds used as pesticides, the following :
Imidacloprid Formulated products containing Imidacloprid approved for household use and belonging to the WHO class IV hazards. Niclofolan
Nicotine sulphate
Nitric acid Substances containing not more than 9%, weight in weight, of nitric acid.
Nitric oxide
Nitrobenzene Substances containing less than 0.1%, weight in weight, of nitrobenzene;
Soaps containing less than 1%, weight in weight, of nitrobenzene; Polishes and cleansing agents.
Nitrogen trifluoride
Ozone depleting substances, namely: (a) Chlorofluorocarbons, the following: Chloroheptafluoropropane Chloropentafluoroethane Chlorotrifluoromethane Dichlorodifluoromethane Dichlorohexafluoropropane Dichlorotetrafluoroethane Heptachlorofluoropropane Hexachlorodifluoropropane Pentachlorofluoroethane Pentachlorotrifluoropropane Tetrachlorodifluoroethane Tetrachlorotetrafluoropropane Trichlorofluoromethane Trichloropentafluoropropane Trichlorotrifluoroethane
Products containing any ozone depleting substance other than the following products:
(a) in the case of chlorofluorocarbons
(i) air-conditioners in vehicles registered on or after 1st
January 1995 or intended for such vehicles;
(ii) equipment for domestic or commercial refrigeration or air conditioning installed on or after 1st January 1993, or heat
pump equipment, which contains any chlorofluorocarbon substance as a refrigerant or in any insulating material of such equipment;
(iii) refrigerators that have a compressor rating which exceeds one horsepower;
(iv) non-pharmaceutical aerosol products; (v) insulation boards, panels or pipe covers;