AS YOU LIKE IT ‐ SHAKESPEARE
Act 1 Scene 1
Q 1: Read the extract and answer the following. Orlando: As I remember, Adam, ,it was upon this fashion: (he) bequeathed me by will but poor a thousand crowns, and, as thou sayest charged my brother, on his blessing, to breed me well: and there begins my sadness. 1. Who is Adam? How is he related to the brother? Ans: Adam is an old family servant of Sir Rowland de Boys. He had been a faithful and honest servant for many years. He referred to here is Sir Rowland de Boys. The brother mentioned by Orlando is his elder brother Oliver, Sir Rowland de Boys’ eldest son. 2. What does Orlando mean by saying there begins my sadness? Ans: Sir Rowland de Boys had granted one thousand crowns to Orlando by will. He had given Oliver the responsibility to look after Orlando. Despite this, Oliver denied him his part of the will and thus, he deprived Orlando of the place of a brother, of education, and of a proper living. So, Orlando did not grow up with the love of a brother. 3. What are the grievances Orlando points out to Adam? Ans: Orlando complained to Adam that Oliver had been cruel to him and had kept him like a peasant. Oliver denied Orlando his rightful education and training in spite of being of noble birth. His life was no better than that of an ox. He also that Oliver’s horses were bred better and that the trainers were paid well whereas Orlando gained nothing but physical growth. He seemed to lose his natural abilities. He was forced to feed with the farm labourers. Oliver did not treat Orlando las his brother but like a slave. 4. How does Orlando feel about the grievances and what does he plan? Ans: Orlando declared that he could not bear the injustice of his brother towards him anymore. He was furious about his upbringing as a farm labourer. His nature was more like his father’s. He was brave, strong, fearless and noble. He felt that his father’s virtuous and gentle spirit within him was ready to revolt against Oliver’s ill treatment. He could not tolerate the servile condition anymore although he did not have a practical plan to end it.5. Who entered just after this conversation and describe what happened between him and Orlando. Ans: Oliver entered just after this conversation. Oliver rebuked Orlando for not being worthy of any work. Orlando accused Oliver of the unfair treatment meted out to him. At this, Oliver stroke Orlando, but Orlando, being stronger than Oliver, held him in a wrestler’s grip. Orlando threatened Oliver that he would not let go unless Oliver would promise to take proper care of him or gave him the thousand crowns he had inherited. At this juncture, Oliver agreed to pay and Orlando left him. Q 2: Read the extract and answer the following questions. Orlando: I am no villain; I am the youngest son of Sir Rowland de boys; he was my father and he is thrice a villain that says such a father begot villains. Wert thou not my brother, I would not take this hand from thy throat till this other had pulled out thy tongue for saying so: thou hast railed on thyself. 1. Who is the person to whom these lines are spoken to? Who else is present there? Where are they? Ans: The above lines are spoken to Oliver, the envious brother of Orlando. Adam, the faithful family servant is also present there. They are in an orchard near Oliver’s house. 2. What kind of relation does Orlando share with his brother? Why? Ans: Oliver is the eldest son of Sir Rowland De Boys. He was entrusted with the duty of upbringing of his brother Orlando, in which he failed. Oliver denied Orlando’s education and the thousand crowns given to him by his father. Oliver was jealous and wicked, thus Orlando suffered at the hands of his envious brother. Oliver had no respect or love for Orlando. Oliver hated Orlando because of his virtues and goodness that made him popular and loved by all. His good qualities were a threat to Oliver who was greedy and selfish. 3. Explain the circumstances which led to the above situation. Ans: Oliver compelled Orlando to live a rustic life. Orlando had suffered for long. He planned to rebel against his malicious brother who had not treated him as a gentleman of noble birth. Orlando demanded his inheritance so that he could set out on his own. But Oliver had a personal grudge towards Orlando and did not agree to his demands. Instead,he stroke Orlando in anger. Orlando held him in a wrestler’s grip and Oliver retaliated by calling him a villain. 4. Who tries to intervene? What does he say? Ans: Adam tries to intervene. He is the old family servant of Sir Rowland de Boys, and is faithful to Orlando. Adam says that the brothers should make peace between each other for the sake of their honourable father. 5. What does Orlando accuse his brother of just after the extract? How does he show that the spirit of his father grows strong in him? Ans: Orlando accused Oliver that he never fulfilled his responsibility and neglected Orlando’s upbringing. He had been treated like a farm labourer and Oliver had hindered the growth of gentleman like qualities in Orlando. Orlando would no longer bear the unfair treatment meted out to him. Sir Rowland De Boys was noble and honourable and Orlando would not let down this temperament which he also possessed.
Q 3: Read the extract and answer the following questions. Charles: Good morrow to your worship. Oliver: Good Monsieur Charles, what’s the new news at the new court? 1. Who is Charles? Who brings him in to meet Oliver? Where are they? Ans: Charles is the court wrestler to Duke Frederick. Dennis, the servant to Oliver brings him there. They are in an orchard near Oliver’s house. 2. What old news does Charles give to Oliver? Ans: Charles reported that the old Duke Senior had been banished by his younger brother, the new Duke. Three or four loyal lords had voluntarily gone with the Duke. As a result, the land and revenues of those lords became the property of the new Duke. 3. What were the three other questions which Oliver asked Charles? Ans: Oliver asked if Rosalind, the Duke’s daughter had been banished too, the second question was about the Duke as to where would he live during his banishment. Lastly, Oliver enquired whether Charles would wrestle before the new Duke Frederick. 4. Why has Charles come to meet Oliver? Ans: A wrestling bout was to take place between Charles and Orlando. Charles was the champion court wrestler. It is revealed here that he was vain yet kind. He came to meet Oliver to ask him to dissuade Orlando from the wrestling match. He was unaware that Oliver had a grudge against Orlando. He was afraid that Orlando being inexperienced, would be badly injured during the fight. He notified Oliver that he would fight for his credit and would have no mercy on his opponent. 5. How does Oliver reveal his wickedness during his conversation with Charles? Ans: Oliver’s malicious character is revealed here. He was mean‐minded and envious towards his noble minded younger brother Orlando. Oliver slandered him and incited Charles the wrestler. His contemptuous attitude is revealed when he wanted Orlando to get killed by the champion wrestler. He provoked Charles against Orlando, and also warned Charles that if he underestimated his opponent, it would prove murderous for him. Q 4: Read the extract and answer the following questions. Oliver: I’ll tell thee, Charles, it is the stubbornest young fellow of France; full of ambition, an envious emulator of every man’s good parts, a secret and villainous contriver against me, his natural brother: therefore use thy discretion. 1. Where are Oliver and Charles now? Who is the stubbornest young fellow of France? Ans: Oliver and Charles are in an orchard near Oliver’s house. Orlando is the stubbornest fellow of France, according to his brother Orlando.
2. What is the real truth about the person spoken about? Ans: Orlando is the person spoken of here. He is humble, generous and popular. Oliver is jealous of Orlando, and his avarice led him to slander him. Oliver utters sheer lies about his younger brother. Oliver is greedy and power hungry, so Orlando’s gentleman‐like qualities are a threat to him. He conspires against Orlando secretly and wants him to be killed. 3. Explain the meaning of 1) an rnvious emulator 2) a villainous contriver Ans: An envious emulator means a jealous rival. Orlando is being referred to as a jealous rival of a man’s good qualities. A villainous contriver means a wicked plotter. This has again been used for Orlando by his brother. 4. How does Oliver describe his natural brother to Charles? Ans: Oliver treated his natural brother Orlando with contempt. He slandered about him to Charles and incited Charles against Orlando. Oliver warned Charles that Orlando was the stubbornest young fellow of France and was determined to kill Charles. His secret attempts to dissuade Orlando had failed. He lied to Charles that Orlando was over‐ambitious, a jealous rival and a conspirer. Charles should not treat Orlando with honour during the wrestling match because Orlando would retaliate and kill Charles. He went on to say that if Orlando’s true character was revealed in detail, then Charles would be horrified and Oliver would be in tears. 5. According to Oliver, why should Charles be afraid of the person spoken of? How far is he correct about his warning? Ans: Charles, the wrestler is warned by Oliver that Orlando would take any opportunity to show his wresting skills and defeat Charles. If Charles underestimated him and Orlando remained alive, then in some way or the other, Orlando would get Charles killed in a secret way or poison him. Orlando is partially correct about his warning. Orlando was powerful, strong and resolute. He would win the bout of wrestling whether it was Charles or anyone else but Oliver lied to Charles about Orlando that he would murder Charles if he remained alive. Q 5: Read the extract and answer the following questions. Oliver: Now will I stir this gamester. I hope I shall see an end of him; for my soul, yet I know not why, hates nothing more than he. 1. To whom are the above lines spoken to? Who is the gamester? Who has just left? Ans: The above extract is Oliver’s soliloquy in the play. Orlando is the gamester. Charles the court wrestler has just left. 2. Why does Oliver wish to see an end of him? Ans: Oliver suffers from avarice, malice and jealousy, and hates his brother Orlando. Orlando is more popular and is loved by the people. His nobility and generosity are a threat to Oliver. Nothing would be better for Oliver than to see the death of Olrlando at the wrestling match the following day.
3. List out three good qualities of the person spoken about in this extract as told by Oliver. Ans: In this soliloquy, Olive highlights that Orlando was not educated yet learned, gentle, noble and so much more popular among his people. 4. Oliver’s character is revealed in this scene. Discuss. Ans: Oliver was the eldest of the three sons of Sir Rowland de Boys. He was envious of Orlando. He ill‐ treated Orlando and did not educate him. He was selfish and unjust and had no intention of giving the thousand crowns allotted to Orlando by his father. He treated the old family servant Adam with disrespect. He was slanderous and attempted to get Orlando killed. 5. Which event has been hinted at by Oliver? What promise did the person who left before the extract make to Oliver? Oliver hinted at the wrestling bout which was to take place before the new Duke Frederick. Charles had been convincingly persuaded by Oliver to kill Orlando. Charles promised that after his bout, Orlando would not be able to walk without help and if such was not, Charles would give up his profession.
Act 1 Scene 2
Q1. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Celia: Herein I see thou lovest me not with the full weight that I love thee. If my uncle, thy banished father, had banished thy uncle, the duke, my father, so thou hadst been still with me, I could have taught my love to take thy father for mine: so wouldst thou, if the truth of thy love to me were so righteously tempered as mine is to thee. 1. Where is Celia and with whom? Who is the banished father and the uncle? Ans: Celia is in a garden in front of the Duke’s palace. She is with Rosalind, her cousin and Duke Senior’s daughter. Rosalind’s father, Duke Senior is the banished father spoken of here and Celia’s father, Duke Frederick is the uncle who has been mentioned here. 2. Why does Celia speak these lines? What is the mood of the person to whom these lines are addressed to? Ans: Celia tries to cheer up her cousin Rosalind whose father Duke Senior had been deposed by Celia’s father. Rosalind is sad. As her father Duke Senior has been banished to the Forest of Arden by the usurping Duke Frederick. She is unable to cope up with the injustice done to her father. 3. What does Celia promise to do for the person addressed to? What would happen if she broke the oath? Ans: Celia told Rosalind that she should not be upset because when Celia would inherit the kingdom from the usurping Duke, she would return it to Rosalind, the rightful heir. Celia said that if she does not fulfill the promise to return the kingdom, she would turn into a monster.4. What sports does her cousin plan? What is Celia’s reply? Ans: Rosalind is her cousin and she decides to play the game of falling in love as a pastime. Celia hesitates to play this game. She advises Rosalind not to be serious about it or it will lead to shame and humiliation. 5. What sport does Celia propose to indulge in? What is discussed in the conversation that follows? Ans: Celia says that they should make fun of the Goddess of Fortune who does not distribute her bounties fairly. Rosalind and Celia discussed about the Goddesses of Nature and Fortune. Rosalind said that Fortune played her part in the distribution of bounties like wealth and fame whereas Nature awarded natural qualities like beauty and virtue. Celia said that Fortune could make a beautiful person fall into fire and lose her beauty. It is Nature who gave them the wit to make fun of the Goddesses and the sudden appearance of Touchstone was Fortune’s part. Q2. Read the extract and answer the following questions. No? when Nature hath made a fair creature, may she not by Fortune fall into the fire? Though Nature hath given us wit to flout at Fortune, hath not Fortune sent in this fool to cut off the argument? 1. Who speaks these words and to whom? Where are they at present? Ans: Celia speaks these words to Rosalind. They are in a garden in front of the Duke’s palace. 2. What reference has been given to Nature and Fortune in the extract? Ans: Celia and Rosalind decide to pass their time by mocking Nature and Fortune. Celia is of the opinion that the goddess of Fortune shall be driven out from her wheels because she does not distribute her bounties equally. According to Rosalind, the goddess of Fortune cannot endow the qualities in a person’s nature. Fortune can change wealth and fame but not one’s nature. 3. Who enters during this conversation? What does the person tell Celia? Ans: Touchstone, the professional fool enters during this conversation. He tells Celia that she must go to her father. Celia inquires whether he is sent by her father; he answers that he is not. 4. What does Celia mean by saying for always the dullness of the fool is the whetstone of the wits? Ans: Celia addresses Touchstone’s foolishness. She says that Nature and Fortune has sent Touchstone so that his stupidity can act as a grindstone to sharpen their wits. 5. What kind of a bond exists between Celia and Touchstone as is revealed later in the act? Ans: A bond of trust exists between Celia and Touchstone. Later in the act, when Rosalind and Celia plan to escape from the Duke’s palace, Touchstone accompanies them. Rosalind puts the idea through to Celia to take Touchstone with them. Celia says with full confidence that Touchstone will accompany her anywhere in the world. She trusts him and he will be helpful to them in the unknown Forest of Arden.
Q3. Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow. Enter Le Beau Bon jour, Monsieur Le Beau: what’s the news? 1 .Who is Le Beau? Which other characters are present? Where are they? Ans: Le Beau is an enthusiastic attendant of Duke Frederick. He is known for being informative and possessing a pompous way of talking. Rosalind, Celia and Touchstone are present in this scene. They are in a lawn before the Duke’s palace where a wrestling match is due to take place. 2. What news does Le Beau bring forth? Why is he amazed? Ans: Le Beau brought the news of a wrestling match in which Charles the champion wrestler had broken the ribs of three sons of an old man. He also said that the best part of the match was yet to take place. He was amazed at the remarks made by Touchstone, Celia and Rosalind. 3. What does Le Beau mean by saying the best is yet to do? Ans: Le Beau is speaking to Rosalind and Celia about the wrestling that they have missed. He meant that the beginning of the wrestling match was not as interesting as the one which was to take place and they should watch it. 4 .Which adjectives are used by Le Beau to describe the three young men? Describe the match they fought with Charles as related by Le Beau. Ans: Le Beau uses the words Three proper young men, of excellent growth and presence. Le Beau related that an old man entered with his three sons. The eldest of the three wrestled with Charles and in a moment Charles threw down and broke his ribs with little chances of his survival. Charles did the same thing with the other two sons of the old man. He said that they lay there with the old man grief‐stricken, lamenting over their conditions and the people who passed by too shed tears. 5. Bring out the humour exhibited by one of the characters during this conversation. Ans: Touchstone the court jester, Rosalind and Celia were in conversation with Le Beau. When Le Beau described the gruesome wrestling match between Charles and the three young men, Touchstone asked him which fun sport he thought of describing to the ladies when he had come. Le Beau answered that it was the same wrestling match in which Charles had broken the ribs of the young men .Touchstone brought out the humour and remarked that he gained wisdom that breaking of ribs was a sport for the ladies. Q4. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Come on: since the youth will not be entreated, his own peril on his forwardness. 1 .Who is the speaker? Which other characters are present there? Who is the youth spoken about? Ans: Duke Frederick is the speaker. Rosalind, Celia and Le Beau are present .Orlando is the youth who is being spoken about.
2. What is the occasion for their presence? Why was the speaker concerned about the youth? Ans: Charles the Duke’s wrestler is about to fight Orlando, an amateur in wrestling. The Duke, Rosalind and Celia have come to witness the match. The Duke is aware that Orlando is not an equal to the skills of Charles who is a professional wrestler. He knows that Orlando is too young, and wants him to withdraw from the match so that he does not suffer at the hands of the wrestler. 3. Who asks whom to dissuade the youth to refrain from the bout? What stance does this person take against the youth later in the play? Ans: Duke Frederick asks Rosalind and Celia to speak to the youth and convince him not to fight with Charles. Later in the play when the Duke comes to know that Orlando was the son of his enemy Sir Rowland de Boys, he shows immense displeasure towards him. He even suspects that Orlando has helped Rosalind and Celia escape. 4. How does the youth react to the people who try and dissuade from the match? Ans: Orlando is determined to fight the challenge. Rosalind and Celia try to convince him not to fight Charles but Orlando tells them with due respect that he can not comply with the request of the beautiful ladies. Instead he wants the support of their lovely eyes and good wishes. If he suffers defeat, it will come to one who was never praised, one who had all the will to die, and no friends to cry for him. He says that his death would be no loss as he would be replaced by a more worthy individual. Q5.Read the extract and answer the following questions. Rosalind: He calls us back: my pride fell with my fortunes; I’ll ask him what he would. Did you call, sir? Sir, you have wrestled well, and overthrown more than your enemies. 1. Who is present there with Rosalind? Where are they? Who is Rosalind speaking about? Ans: Celia is present with Rosalind. They are in a lawn in front of the Duke’s palace. Rosalind is speaking about Orlando. 2. What does Rosalind mean by saying my pride fell with my fortunes? Ans: Rosalind says that she parted with all her dignity when misfortunes overtook her. She had fallen in love with Orlando and she felt that he had called. 3. What does Rosalind give sir and why? What does she say about her misfortune? Ans: Rosalind gives Orlando a chain as a gift for his victory against Charles. She also says that she has fallen in love with Orlando. She said that she had been a victim of misfortune so she could not give something more valuable to Orlando. 4. What does quintain mean? Why does the sir addressed in the scene compare himself with a quintain? Ans: A quintain is a dummy wooden figure which horse‐riders use to practice tilting. Orlando had fallen in love with Rosalind and he was tongue‐tied with the emotion. He could not speak when Rosalind rewarded him a chain for his victory against Charles. He stood like a dummy or a quintain before her, not knowing what to say.
5. What does the person say about Rosalind when she leaves the scene? Ans: Orlando is attracted to Rosalind at first sight. He realizes that a powerful emotion had swept him off and he could not speak to Rosalind to thank her. He says to himself that he was defeated either with the after effects of the fight with Charles or with feeling of love for Rosalind. Q6. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Orlando: I thank you, sir; and pray you, tell me this: Which of the two was daughter of the duke, that here was at the wrestling? Le Beau: Neither his daughter, if we judge by manners: 1 .Who is Orlando and Le Beau? Where are they? Ans: Orlando is the youngest son of Sir Rowland de Boys. He is Oliver’s brother and suffers under him. He is gentle and humble. Orlando does not receive a proper upbringing under Oliver. Le Beau is a courtier and a favourite attendant of the Duke Frederick. In this scene, he is a mouthful of news and brings a lot of information. They are in a garden in front of the Duke’s palace just after the wrestling match gets over. 3. Which Duke is being referred to here by Orlando? Why does Orlando want to know about the daughter? Ans: Duke Frederick the usurper has been referred here by Orlando. Celia and Rosalind had both met Orlando. He was snubbed by the Duke for being Sir Rowland de Boys’ son. He had fallen in love with Rosalind and so he wanted to remove his doubts about her father. 3. What does Le Beau mean in the given extract? Explain. Ans: Le Beau knows the Duke’s nature. He means that Celia is a good natured lady whereas the Duke is selfish and rude. The character of the Duke and his daughter are different. 4. Why does Orlando thank Le Beau? Which danger does Orlando talk about at the end of the scene? Ans: Le Beau advised Orlando that the Duke’s displeasure would result in an enmity so Orlando should leave the court immediately. He also told Orlando that lately the Duke had turned hostile towards his niece because she was more popular than his daughter. Orlando talked about his tyrant brother Oliver who was the other danger apart from his new enemy, the wicked Duke.
Act 1 Scene 3
Q1. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Celia: No, thy words are too precious to be cast away upon curs; throw some of them at me; come; lame me with reasons.Rosalind: Then there were two cousins laid up; when the one should be lamed with reasons and the other mad without any. 1. Introduce the two characters. Where are they? Ans: Rosalind is the daughter of the banished Duke Senior and Celia is the daughter of the tyrant Duke Frederick. They are in a room in the palace. 2. In what mood is Rosalind now? Ans: Rosalind is in love with Orlando. She confesses her love to Celia. She has just met Orlando after the wrestling match and is impressed by him. 3. What reasons does Rosalind give for her mood? Ans: Rosalind’s love for Orlando has turned intense. When Celia asks her the reason for being so quiet, she answers that she was affected by her passionate love for Orlando. She does not mention the sadness for her father, the banished Duke. In fact, she mentions Orlando as her child’s father for whom she is so passionate. 4. How would the two cousins be laid up according to Rosalind? Ans: Laid up means affected. Rosalind would be crippled with worries and tensions for her love and Celia would have no reason to become tensed. 5. What advice does Celia give Rosalind? What is Rosalind’s reaction? Ans: Celia is surprised by the intense love which Rosalind has for Orlando. She advises Rosalind to wrestle with her affection and suppress her feelings. She explains that Rosalind shall gain some self control this way. Though Rosalind agrees to Celia yet she says that the burrs were not in her clothes but in her heart. Q2. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Enter Duke Frederick, with Lords. Duke Frederick: Mistress, dispatch you with your safest haste, And get you from our Court. 1. Where is the Duke? Whom is he speaking to? Ans: Duke is in a room in the palace. He is speaking to Rosalind and Celia. 2. What remarks does Celia make when the Duke enters? Ans: Celia remarks that the Duke entered with blazing eyes, i.e. full of anger. 3. What does the Duke mean by saying dispatch you with your safest haste? Ans: The Duke was in extreme anger. He showed displeasure towards Rosalind, asking her to leave the court as quickly as possible with all her possessions. 4. Why did the Duke show displeasure to the person spoken to? Who else did he show displeasure to? Ans: The Duke was jealous of Rosalind. He felt that Rosalind’s goodness and popularity would affect Celia, his daughter. Rosalind became the victim of his tyranny and was asked to leave the court. Duke Frederick had earlier shown displeasure towards Orlando, who was Sir Rowland de Boys’ son. 5. How does the mistress counter for the blame put on by the Duke? Ans: Rosalind behaves in the most dignified manner when the Duke banishes her. With all respect she asks the Duke the reason for her banishment. When the Duke calls her a traitor, she replies that he should not suspect her for being so and that she was innocent. But he continues to blame that she is the
daughter of her father, Duke Senior and that is enough to prove that she is a traitor. Rosalind replies that if that is so, then she has been a traitor when the Duke usurped her father’s kingdom. Her father is no traitor and the Duke shall not blame her for being one simply because she is poor. Q3. Read the following extract and answer the following questions. Duke Frederick: Thus do all traitors: If their purgation did consist in words, they are as innocent as grace itself: Let it suffice thee that I trust thee not. 1. Whom does Duke Frederick refer to as traitor? Where is he? Who else is present there? Ans: Rosalind is referred to as a traitor. They are inside a room in the palace. Celia is present there too. 2. What declaration did the Duke make just before the given extract? Ans: The Duke declared a sentence of banishment for Rosalind. He asked her to leave the court as quickly as possible. 3. How does the person spoken to justify against being called a traitor? Ans: Rosalind was the banished Duke Senior’s daughter and Duke Frederick was her Uncle. She declared that she had the same relationship with the Duke when her father was banished by him. Treason was not hereditary and even if it was, it would make no difference as her father was never a traitor. She blames the Duke that he was being cruel simply because she was poor. 4. Who supports the person blamed by the Duke and how? Ans: Celia came out in support of Rosalind, her cousin. She spoke against her tyrant father, Duke Frederick’s decision. She asked for the same judgement upon her too as she and Rosalind were inseparable just like the swans of Juno. They had slept together, woke up together, played together, and eaten together. 5. What reasons does the Duke give in support of the declaration he made earlier? Ans: Duke Frederick is jealous of Rosalind. He does not want Rosalind to be superior to Celia. He wants to convince Celia about his decision by saying that Rosalind was crafty and cunning. Her cheerfulness is to gain sympathy of the people. She pretends to be innocent and steals all the popularity and admiration from Celia. If Rosalind leaves, Celia will be more appreciated. Q4. Read the extract and answer the following questions: Celia: Why so am I; we still have slept together, Rose at an instant, learn’d, play’d, ate together. 1. Who is Celia speaking about and to whom? Ans: Celia is speaking about Rosalind to her father, Duke Frederick. 2. Why does she utter the above lines and what is her relationship with the person she’s speaking about? Ans: The tyrant Duke had banished Celia’s cousin. Celia was disturbed and amazed at her father’s behavior. She tried to convince the Duke to take back his sentence. She said that she was acquainted with Rosalind’s character and was confident that Rosalind was innocent. Celia could not live without Rosalind because they had learned, played, and ate together. 3. Which situation has developed here in this scene? Why does she say so am I? Ans: The Duke had banished Rosalind and Celia spoke in support of Rosalind out of her nobility. She declared to the Duke that they were inseparable and expected the Duke to take back the sentence.
According to Celia, if Rosalind was guilty of treason, then she must be so too. Celia and Rosalind were close to each other and so, she insisted that they both should be considered traitors. 4. What does she compare herself to prove her closeness? Ans: Celia gave the example of Juno’s swans which could not be separated. Juno was the Greek queen of Gods. This example was used by Celia to prove her closeness to Rosalind. 5. How does the person spoken to justify that the decision taken was in support of Celia? Ans: Duke Fredrick did not want Rosalind to be superior to Celia. He wanted to convince Celia by saying that Rosalind was crafty and cunning. Her cheerfulness was to gain sympathy of the people. She pretended to be innocent and stole all the popularity and admiration from Celia. If Rosalind left, Celia would be more appreciated. Q5. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Rosalind: But, cousin, what if we assay’d to steal The clownish fool out of your father’s court? Would he not be a comfort to our travel? 1. Where is Rosalind going and with whom? Where are they now? Ans: Rosalind has planned to escape to the Forest of Arden along with Celia. They are in a room in the palace. 2. Whom does Rosalind suggest to steal and why? Ans: Rosalind wants to steal Touchstone, the court jester, as he will be helpful in protecting them in the Forest of Arden when they escape. 3. What advice does this cousin give to Rosalind? Ans: Celia decides the details of their escape. She advises Rosalind to carry their jewels and wealth with them and devise the fittest time and safest way to escape to freedom. 4. Who suggests the destination? Which two things would be required by that person to disguise? Ans: Celia suggests that they would escape to the Forest of Arden and join Duke Senior, Rosalind’s father. Celia disguises herself in shabby clothes and paints her face brown. 5. What names were chosen by them? Bring out the significance of their names. Ans: Celia chose the name Aliena which means stranger and Rosalind chose the name Ganymede who was the mortal boy with whom Jove, the king of the Classical Gods fell in love and carried him to Mount Olympus to serve as his own page or cup‐bearer. The name was appropriate because Ganymede was an effeminate boy while the disguised Rosalind would be a woman with a masculine appearance.
Act 2 Scene 1
Q1. Read the following extract and answer the following questions. Amiens: I would not change it. Happy is your Grace, That can translate the stubbornness of fortune Into so quiet and so sweet a style. Duke Senior: Come, shall we go and kill us venison? And yet it irks me the poor dappled fools, being native burghers of this desert city, should, in their own confines, with forked heads have their round haunches gor’d. 1. Where are the speakers? Why are they there? Ans: The speakers were in the Forest of Arden. They were there because Duke Senior was banished by his younger brother, Duke Frederick and some of his loyal lords had left the court along with him and fled to the Forest of Arden. 2. What would Amiens not change? Ans: Amiens would not change the way of life in the Forest of Arden. 3. What is meant by Happy is your Grace that can translate the stubbornness of fortune? Ans: Duke Senior had told the advantages of living in the Forest of Arden. He explained that the forest was free from the superficial life of the people in the court. They were more happy and safe in the forest than among the envious people of the court. This had convinced Amiens and he remarked that the Duke Senior was able to perceive all that was positive in the misfortune. 4. Why was the Duke not happy about killing the deer? Ans: According to the Duke, the deer were the rightful inhabitants of the forest. But they were hunted down in their own domain just like the Duke had suffered in the hands of the tyrant brother in his Dukedom. They were in fact being wounded in spite of being innocent. 5. Who shared the same opinion and what does the person say? Ans: Jaques believed that hunting of the deer in the forest was far more cruel than the usurper Duke Fredrick. Jaques shared the same opinion that the deer should not be hunted down in the forest, which is their own habitat. He also said that the humans were in fact robbers and oppressors or even worse in hunting the poor animals in their natural home. Q2. Read the extract and answer the following questions. First Lord: O, yes, into a thousand similes. First, for his weeping into the needless stream; ‘Poor deer’, quoth he, ‘thou mak’st a testament as worldlings do, giving thy sum of more to that which had too much’: then, being there alone, 1. Who is the First Lord speaking to? Who else is there? Who is he? Ans: The First Lord is speaking to Duke Senior. Amiens and other lords accompanying the Duke are also there. He is the melancholy Jaques.2. What does the First Lord say about he earlier? Narrate the incident which is told by the First Lord? Ans: The First Lord uses the term melancholy Jaques. The First Lord and Amiens had seen Jaques stretch under a tree near the stream in the forest. He was troubled with the fact that the hunting of the deer was a greater cruelty than the duke’s banishment. According to him, Duke Senior was a greater usurper than Duke Frederick. A poor wounded stag lay by the stream. Jaques used a thousand comparisons to grieve about the poor wounded stag. The tears shed by the stag added water to the stream nearby which was already abundant with water. He compared this with human beings who give more to those who already have too much. The next comparison also laid emphasis on the worldly fact that unhappiness turns away friendship. The stag was abandoned by its herd uncaringly. That is exactly what prosperous men do. He considered hunting of the wild animals in the forest as an act of usurpation. 3. What does the First Lord mean when he said As worldlings do, giving thy sum of more to that which had too much? Ans: The First Lord quoted Jaques that the people of this world gave more to those who already had too much. Jaques said this when he was in a forest near the stream and watched a wounded stag shed tears and add water to the abundant stream. The tears of the stag were not required by the stream. 4. Which philosophy of life had been later quoted by the First Lord as said by he? What is the moral drawn from it? Ans: Two philosophies are explained by Jaques through comparisons, that the people give more to those who already have too much and unhappiness turns away friendship. The moral drawn is that the wealthy men do not care for the miserable. 5. What opinion does the person spoken to have about he? Ans: Duke Senior is fond of Jaques and his philosophies impress him. He believes that Jaques’ philosophies have a lot of moral in them. Q3. Read the following extract and answer the following questions. Duke Senior: Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which like a toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in his head. 1. To whom are these lines addressed? Where are they now? Ans: These lines are addressed to Amiens and the lords who accompanied Duke Senior. They are in the Forest of Arden. 2. Explain the first line of the extract. Ans: This line means that misfortune and suffering bring its own compensations and teach us valuable lessons in life. The adversities or difficulties have their own advantages and value in them. 3. What is the toad compared to and why? Ans: The toad has been compared to adversity. The difficulties in life look ugly and venomous just like the exterior of a toad. But the toad has a unique advantage which adorns its head. The precious jewel on the head of the toad acts as an antidote to poison. In the same way adversities have their own advantages and have their own value in life.
4. What examples did the Duke use to prove that sweet are the uses of adversity? Ans: The Duke said that the hard life in the forest was much better than the artificial life in the court. They were more safe and happy in the forest than in the envious court. The adversities of the forest had a lesson to teach. Nature was no flatterer. In fact the aspects of Nature were truthful counselors. The trees taught in their own language, the streams were like books to read, the stones imparted wisdom in their own languages. Thus sweet were the uses of adversity. 5. Where does the Duke propose to go? What feeling does he have for the act which he is about to commit? Ans: The Duke proposes to go hunting deer. The Duke regrets that a deer should be hunted in its own habitat.
Act 2 Scene 2
Q1. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Duke Frederick: Can it be possible that no man saw them? It cannot be: some villains of my court are of consent and sufferance in this. 1. Where is the Duke? Who else is there? Ans: The Duke is inside a room in the palace. The first lord and the second lord are there with him. 2. In what mood is the Duke now? What has been the reason for his mood? Ans: The Duke is furious. The duke is furious when he is informed about the flight of his daughter, Celia, his niece, Rosalind and Touchstone. 3. Who had overheard Celia and her cousin? What did she hear? Ans: Hisperia, the princess’ gentlewoman confessed that she had secretly overheard Celia and Rosalind praise Orlando. She believed that wherever they had gone, Orlando had accompanied them. 4. Who else is missing? What epithet has been given to the person? Who gives this news? Ans: Touchstone is missing. He is called the roynish clown. This news is given by the second lord. 5. In what disguise did Rosalind and Celia escape? Ans: Rosalind dressed up as a man, and named herself Ganymede and Celia named herself Aliena. She wore shabby clothes and smeared her face with brown paint.Q2. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Duke Frederick: Send to his brother; fetch that gallant hither; If he be absent bring his brother to me; I’ll make him find him. Do this suddenly, and let not search and inquisition quail to bring again these foolish runaways. 1. Who is the brother and why has he been ordered to come by the Duke? Ans: Oliver is the brother. The Duke is agitated with the information of the flight of his daughter and niece. He suspects that Oliver’s brother, Orlando helped them escape. 2. Who is the brother in the second line of the extract? Who is the gallant? Ans: In the second line of the extract, the brother is Oliver. The gallant is Orlando. 3. How was the gallant treated by the Duke earlier in the play? Ans: The Duke showed immense displeasure to the gallant earlier in the play when he came to know that he was Sir Rowland de Boys’ son. 4. How had the brother treated the gallant earlier in the play? Ans: Oliver hated his brother Orlando. He was jealous of his bravery and popularity. He ill treated Orlando, confiscated his liberty and inheritance given by their father, Sir Rowland de Boys. 5. What orders does the Duke give his officers? Ans: Oliver was banished from the court by the tyrannical Duke Frederick. He had been compelled to find Orlando and he ordered his officers to be quick in action in search of the fugitives.
Act 2 Scene 3
Q1. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Adam: What my young master? O my gentle master! O my sweet master! O you memory of Old Sir Rowland! Why, what make you here? 1. Who is Adam? Where is he now? Whom is he talking to? Ans: Adam is the loyal servant, who had served Sir Rowland de Boys. He is outside Oliver’s house. Adam is talking to Orlando, the youngest son of Sir Rowland de Boys. 2. Why does Adam say O you memory of Old Sir Rowland? Ans: Adam was an old servant who had worked for Sir Rowland de Boys. He believed that Orlando, the youngest son was an image of his father, Sir Rowland de Boys. 3. Who is the young master? Mention four qualities as told by Adam about the person? Ans: The young master is Orlando. Adam praises Orlando and calls him virtuous, gentle, strong and valiant. 4. What does Adam want the person to do and why? Ans: Adam wants Orlando to escape from his house because his wicked brother Oliver had planned to get rid of him. 5. What according to Adam had become the young master’s enemies? Ans: Orlando was virtuous and possessed many good qualities. His goodness of nature had betrayed him and it had turned an enemy towards Orlando’s destruction. The praises for Orlando had reached Oliver who was jealous of his younger brother and thus had planned to get him killed. Q2. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Adam: Come not within these doors; within this roof the enemy of all your graces lives. Your brother ‐ no, no brother; yet the son‐ yet not the son, I will not call him son of him I was about to call his father 1. Whose doors does Adam talk about? What epithet had just been used before the extract? Ans: Oliver’s house, where Orlando lives has been referred to as these doors. O unhappy youth is the epithet that has just been used before the extract. 2. Who is the enemy of all his graces and why? Ans: Oliver is the enemy of all his graces because Orlando is virtuous, gentle, strong and valiant. This made Oliver jealous of him. 3. What four things does Adam say about the house? Ans: He says that this house is but a butchery: Abhor it, fear it, do not enter it.
4. Why does Adam dissuade Orlando to enter the house? Ans: Adam had overheard Oliver’s plots. He planned to burn Orlando within the house. If he failed, he would have him murdered by some other way. So he did not think that the house was any longer safe for Orlando. 5. Why is it that the person about whom Adam is speaking does not deserve to be called either a brother or a son? Ans: As a brother, Oliver was wicked, cruel and jealous towards Orlando. He could not be a natural brother since he had plotted to kill him. As a son of Sir Rowland de Boys, he was not kind and considerate. He was rude to Adam and despotic towards his younger brother. Q3. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Orlando: O good old man! how well in thee appears the constant service of the antique world, when service sweat for duty, not for meed! 1. Who is the good old man? Ans: Adam is the good old man. He is the loyal servant to Orlando. 2. What are his good qualities? Ans: He was loyal, sincere, and hard working. He rendered his services without the expectation of any reward. 3. When and where does this conversation take place? Give a few details about the situation which has developed? Ans: This conversation took place just after the wrestling match when Orlando was about to return to his house. Adam stopped him on his way and warned him not to enter the house. They were outside Oliver’s house. Gallant Orlando had defeated the Duke’s champion wrestler, Charles. His praises reached Oliver and he had decided to kill Orlando. 4. What does the old man offer Orlando and why? Ans: Adam offered five hundred crowns that he had saved for his old age, so that it could help Orlando in his escape. 5. What decision does Orlando take? Ans: Orlando agreed to the devoted servant. He decided to take Adam along with him and before Adam’s savings would be over, he would find a house where they could live in peace.
Act 2 Scene 4
Q1. Read the following extract and answer the following questions. Rosalind: Well, this is the forest of Arden. Touchstone: Ay, now I am in Arden; the more fool I: when I was at home, I was in a better place: but travelers must be content. 1. Where are the characters now? Who is Touchstone? Ans: The characters, i.e. Rosalind, Celia and Touchstone are in the Forest of Arden. Touchstone is the court jester in the court of Duke Frederick. 2. Why should Rosalind behave differently? Ans: Rosalind was disguised as a man. She was in male attire, and changed her name to Ganymede and Celia dressed up as a shepherdess and called herself Aliena. 3. What does Touchstone mean when he says the more fool I? Ans: Touchstone is a professional fool and he criticized the life in the court sarcastically, yet when he is in the Forest of Arden, he misses the luxury and comfort of the court. So he remarks that he is now more of a fool that he has left the court. 4. Who enters the stage just after this extract? What are they talking about? Ans: Corin, an old shepherd and Silvius, a young shepherd entered the stage. They were talking about their lady love. Silvius discussed about Phebe and Corin remembered his youth when he was in love. 5. What does Touchstone say about the time when he was in love? Ans: Touchstone recollected that he had broken his sword on a stone in a fit of love and told the stone that it served him right because it was on the path of Jane Smile, his love. He remembered that he loved every object his lady love touched and he agreed that all creatures in love are foolish. Q2. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Silvius: But if thy love were ever like to mine ‐ as sure I think did never man love so ‐ how many actions most ridiculous hast thou been drawn to by thy fantasy? 1. Who are the ones having this conversation? What condition is one of them in? Ans: Corin and Silvius are the ones having this conversation. Silvius is a young shepherd, and he is in love. 2. Who are the people listening to their conversation? How have they reached there? Ans: Rosalind, Celia and Touchstone are listening to their conversation. They have escaped from the Duke’s court and reached the Forest of Arden.
3. What does the extract mean? Ans: Silvius believed that he was a true lover and Corin would not be able to understand the true conception of his love. Corin had become old and he could not be so much in love as Silvius was. He asked Corin about his follies committed when he was in love. Corin answered that he had behaved foolishly thousands of times in love and he had forgotten all that he had done. 4. What according to Silvius is the sign of a true lover? Give three examples. Ans: Silvius said that if Corin had forgotten the silliest thing he did when he was in love, then in reality it was not love. Secondly, if Corin had never tried to praise his mistress and test the patience of the listener, he was not in love, and lastly, if his passion never made him quit the company of friends as Silvius was forced to do, he was not in love. 5. What happens later in the play between Phebe and Rosalind? Ans: Later in the play it is the case of a love triangle between Rosalind, Silvius and Phebe. Phebe fell in love with Ganymede, who was actually Rosalind and Phebe used Silvius to send a letter to Rosalind. In return, Rosalind chided Silvius for being in love with an unfaithful lover, Phebe. Q3. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Rosalind: Alas, poor shepherd! Searching of thy wound, I have by hard adventure found mine own. 1. Who are Rosalind and Touchstone reminded of? Ans: Rosalind remembered Orlando, with whom she had fallen in love and Touchstone remembered Jane Smile, when he was in love with her. 2. What had Touchstone done in the fit of love‐sickness? Ans: He recollected that he had broken his sword on a stone in the fit of love sickness because he felt jealous of it as it lay on the path of his beloved, Jane Smile. He also recollected that he had gathered two peapods from the plant and gave it to her, and begging her to wear them. 3. Which philosophy does he end his speech with? Ans: He ends by saying that all humans are genuine lovers. But it is certain that all creatures in love are foolish just as all creatures are subjected to death. 4. What are the feelings of Celia? What suggestions does she make? Ans: Celia is extremely tired. She suggested if one of them could go and ask Corin if he could sell them something to eat because she was dying of hunger. 5. What request does Rosalind make to Corin? Ans: Rosalind requested Corin to provide them with some food in this forest in exchange of love and money. She wanted him to find a shelter for them because Celia was exhausted for want of food. Q4.Read the following extract and answer the questions. I prithee, shepherd, if that love or gold Can in this desert place buy entertainment, Bring us where we may rest ourselves and feed. Here’s young maid with travel much oppress’d And faints for succour.
1. Where is the speaker? Who else is here? Ans: The speaker is in the Forest of Arden. Celia, Rosalind’s cousin and Touchstone are also present. 2. Why does Corin address Rosalind as sir? Ans: Rosalind is in a man’s disguise .She and Celia had escaped from the Duke’s court. She wore a doublet and a hose, a man’s attire. So, Corin addressed her as sir. 5. Which two things does Rosalind ask from Corin? Who is the young maid? Ans: Rosalind requests for shelter and food in exchange of love or gold. Celia is the young maid. 6. What answer does Corin give to Rosalind? What does he say about his master? Ans: Corin expressed his sympathy towards Celia. He wished that he had enough to help her but he was a shepherd to another man and did not own the sheepcote. He said that his master did not believe in deeds of charity. 7. Explain the line And faints for succour. Ans: Celia is on the verge of collapsing, she is extremely tired, hungry and exhausted.
Act 2 Scene 5
Q1. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Jaques: More, more, I prithee, more. Amiens : It will make you melancholy, Monsieur Jaques. Jaques: I thank it. More, I prithee, more! I can suck melancholy out of a song as a weasel sucks eggs. More, I prithee, more! 1. Who is Jaques? What does he want more? Ans: Jaques is a professional man of melancholy in Duke Senior’s court. He’s a man of great philosophy. He remains in the Forest of Arden with Duke Senior. Jaques wants to hear more of Amiens’ song.
2. What kind of song does Amiens sing? Give its meaning. Ans: Amiens sings about people who care to fling away their ambition and enjoy carefree life of the woods, people who care to hunt for meal before they enjoy it, and those content with the wild bird song. It means that they will meet no foes except winter and the rough weather. s 3. What answer does Amiens give to Jaques’ request? Why does he sing later? Ans: Amiens says that his song would make Jaques more sad and gloomy. So he does not want to sing again. Later when Jaques requests him further to sing a song and says that he asks him to sing the song only for pleasure, he does not bother about the meaning, Amiens sings again. 4. What is Jaques’ opinion about compliment? Ans: Jaques remarks that when people exchange compliments, it looks as if two dog faced baboons are grinning at each other and when anyone thanks, it looks as if he is a beggar who has been paid to give thanks. 5. What information does Amiens give about Duke Senior to Jaques? What does Jaques reply? Ans: Amiens said that Duke Senior intended to have dinner under the shelter of the tree. He also told Jaques that the Duke had been searching for him the whole day. Jaques replied that he had been careful to keep out of Duke Senior’s way. He was not comfortable with the questions asked by the Duke. Q2. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Jaques: Thus it goes: If it do come to pass, That any man turn ass, Leaving his wealth and ease, A stubborn will to please, Ducdame, ducdame, ducdame: Here shall he see Gross fools as he, And if he will come to me. 1. Where is Jaques? Who else is with him? Ans: Jaques is in the Forest of Arden. Amiens is with him. 2. What is the meaning of Jaques’ song? Ans: In his song, Jacques points out the people who foolishly give up their luxurious life to satisfy the whims of a man who is as stubborn as an ass and faces the difficulties of forest life. They shall come to Jaques.
3. Who had sung a song earlier? How does he use the word ducdame? Ans: Amiens had sung a song earlier. Ducdame is a meaningless word coined by Jaques as a parody to Amiens’ line come hither. He explains to Amiens that it is a Greek invocation used in inviting fools to form a ring. 4. What pun had been intended in his song and for whom? Ans: Jaques criticizes Duke Senior humourously for he and other lords had left the comfort and wealth of the court to please a stubborn man like Duke Senior. 5. Explain the reference I’ll rail against all the first born of Egypt. Ans: According to a Biblical reference in Exodus II, God destroyed the first‐born of every Egyptian family including that of the king as a punishment for not allowing Israelis to leave Egypt. As a consequence, there was great lamentation in the country all night, preventing people from sleeping. Jaques said that if he could not sleep, he would curse all the first‐borns. Here he meant that Duke Senior, the elder brother should not have allowed the younger brother to oust him from his Dukedom, such that Jacques would not have had to follow him to the forest and lead that hard life. He did not want to be personally offensive to Duke Senior hence he says all the first‐born indirectly to duke senior.
Act 2 Scene 6
Q1. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Orlando: if this uncouth forest yield anything savage, I will either be food for it, or bring it for food to thee. 1. Where are the characters? What is Adam’s condition? Ans: They are in the Forest of Arden. Orlando is carrying old Adam on his back. Adam is completely tired and dying of hunger. 2. What promise does Orlando make to Adam? Ans: Orlando promised Adam that he would come back with food for Adam and if he returned empty handed, Adam was free to die. 3. How does Orlando make Adam stay a little comfortable? Ans: Orlando carries Adam to some shelter from the cold winds and encourages him to stay alive till he comes back.4. Why have these two come here? Whose son is Orlando? What do you know of his other brothers? Ans: Orlando and Adam escaped from his tyrant brother Oliver’s house. Oliver had planned to kill Orlando. Adam, the loyal servant informed Orlando about his wicked brother’s plans. So they escaped to safety in the Forest of Arden. Orlando is the son of Sir Rowland de Boys. Oliver is the eldest brother of Orlando, who is wicked and selfish towards Orlando. Jaques, the other brother was looked after well by Oliver and received education. 5. How was Orlando repaying Adam’s debt? Ans: Adam was honest, loyal and sincere as a servant. He had saved Orlando and offered him five hundred crowns to make a living. In return, Orlando carried him on his back and promised to give food and shelter and stay with him.
Act 2 Scene 7
Q1. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Jaques: A fool, a fool!I met a fool I’ the forest, A motley fool; a miserable world! As I do live by food, I met a fool; 1. In what mood is Jaques now? Who remarks about his mood just before the extract? Ans: Jaques is in a cheerful mood. Duke Senior remarks that Jaques looks merry and cheerful. 2. How does this mood contrast with his personality? Ans: Jaques was a person of melancholy and was philosophical with a serious outlook. But when he saw the fool, he became cheerful which he seldom was. This was in contrast to his personality. 3. What opinion does Duke Senior have about Jaques on being musical? Ans: Duke Senior remarked that if Jaques, whose heart and mind seemed so strange with discords, became devoted to music, it would surely throw the stars out of harmony. 4. What does a motley fool mean and who is he? Ans: A motley fool refers to a colourfully dressed professional fool. He was Touchstone. 5. What was the motley fool doing when Jaques had met him? Ans: When Jaques met him, he greeted him with a good morning fool but the fool said no sir! Do not call me a fool till fortune has favoured me, then he pulled a small watch from his pocket and stared at it dully and read out the time aloud. The fool remarked only an hour ago it was nine o’clock and that after an hour it would be eleven o’clock. As the hours passed on, one grew older and more mature but at the same time moved nearer to death. Such was the life of a man.Q2. Read the extract and answer the following questions. Duke Senior: What fool is this? Jaques: O worthy fool! One that hath been a courtier… O that I were a fool! I am ambitious for a motley coat. Duke Senior: Thou shalt have one. Jaques: It is my only suit…. 1. Who is the professional fool? What reasons does Jaques give to prove that he is a worthy fool? Ans: Touchstone, the professional jester of Duke Frederick’s court is the professional fool. Jaques justified that Touchstone had been a courtier and gained much experience. He was wise to understand that women who were beautiful used their beauty to their advantage. According to Jaques, Touchstone’s brain was as dry as the last remaining biscuit on the ship. He had packed up knowledge in every corner of his brain through his variety of experiences, and so he was a worthy fool. 2. What is the pun intended on the word suit? What conditions does Jaques put on Duke Senior before he accepts the motley coat? Ans: Jaques believes that the motley coat is best suit for him and the other meaning is that if he becomes a fool, it would fit him well because he would have all the freedom of speech. Jaques clarified to the Duke before he accepted the motley coat that he should not consider Jaques as a wise person anymore, and he had to be granted all the power to criticize anybody in the society. He could use his sarcasms against anybody just as the wind chooses to blow. Jaques should be granted the license to express freely. 3. Who according to Jaques should laugh the loudest? Why? Ans: The man who is hit hardest by the criticism of the fool should laugh the loudest. He must show that he is not affected by the criticism of the fool. If he does not remain indifferent to the comments of the fool then the world will laugh at him. 4. Explain the metaphor through which Jaques states what he will do if he becomes the fool. Ans: If he becomes the fool and is given the freedom of expression, then Jacques will remove all the evils from the society, acting as a medicine. 5. What is the Duke’s reply? Ans: The Duke made fun of Jaques saying that he was not the appropriate person to cleanse the world. He had led a sinful life in his youth and his sins were like sores on the body. He would in fact corrupt the world with his behaviour. 6. What philosophy does Jaques share about pride? Ans: Jaques said that pride is like a huge sea which rises like the tide and carries away all the belongings of the proud person and then he is reduced to a beggar. Therefore, pride results in poverty. Q3. Read the extract and answer the following questions: Orlando: Speak you so gently? Pardon me, I pray you: I thought that all things had been savage here,
