CHALLENGES IN THE DESIGN OF HIGH
CHALLENGES IN THE DESIGN OF HIGH
RISE BUILDINGS
RISE BUILDINGS
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What is a High
What is a High--Rise Building ??
Rise Building ??
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Tall
Tall buildings
buildings cannot
cannot be
be defined
defined in
in specific
specific terms
terms
related
related just
just to
to height
height or
or to
to the
the number
number of
of floors
floors..
--“A“A buildingbuilding whosewhose heightheight createscreates differentdifferent conditionsconditions inin thethe design,
design, construction,construction, useuse thanthan thosethose thatthat existexist inin commoncommon design,
design, construction,construction, useuse thanthan thosethose thatthat existexist inin commoncommon buildings
buildings ofof aa certaincertain regionregion andand periodperiod..””
--““ AA StructureStructure becausebecause ofof itsits height,height, isis affectedaffected byby laterallateral forcesforces due
due toto windwind oror earthquakeearthquake actionsactions toto anan extentextent thatthat theythey playplay an
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Why Tall Building (Advantage)??
Why Tall Building (Advantage)??
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● FromFrom BusinessBusiness POVPOV:: businessbusiness activitiesactivities needneed toto bebe asas closeclose toto eacheach otherother .. ●
● FromFrom touristtourist communitycommunity POVPOV:: ItIt formsforms prestigeprestige symbols,symbols, distinctivedistinctive landland
marks,
marks, hotelshotels andand commercialcommercial citycity centerscenters..
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● HighHigh costcost ofof landland andand limitedlimited spacespace (( Tokyo,Tokyo, HongHong Kong,Kong, RioRio dede Janeiro,Janeiro,....))..
CHARACTERESTICS OF HIIGH RISE BUILDINGS
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Disadvantage
Disadvantage of
of Tall
Tall Building
Building ??
??
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● PuttingPutting intenseintense pressurepressure onon thethe availableavailable landland spacespace .. ●
● IncreaseIncrease thethe riskrisk ,, safetysafety hazardshazards andand constituteconstitute anan easyeasy targettarget inin casecase ofof warwar
or
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STAGES OF HIGH RISE DESIGN
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Design Process
Design Process
Concept Design
Concept Design
MEP MEP
Preliminary Structural Design Preliminary Structural Design Based on Vertical Loads Plus an Based on Vertical Loads Plus an allowance for Lateral Loads
allowance for Lateral Loads Based mainly on
Based mainly on EXPERIENCEEXPERIENCE
Structural Structural Architectural Architectural
Final Design
Final Design
Working Design
Working Design
Accurate Modeling and Analysis Accurate Modeling and Analysis Based on Final Layout and All Based on Final Layout and All Possible Loads and Development Possible Loads and Development of Final
of Final LAYOUT DRAWINGSLAYOUT DRAWINGS
Final Design Calculations and the Final Design Calculations and the Development of Working
Development of Working
Drawings by Cooperation with Drawings by Cooperation with
CONTRACTORS CONTRACTORS
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CHARACTERESTICS OF HIIGH RISE BUILDINGS
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Distribution of High Rise in the World
Distribution of High Rise in the World
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Sears Tower
Sears Tower
Nine Bundled Tubes, each Nine Bundled Tubes, each 25 25 m wide with no columns
m wide with no columns
between core and perimeter. between core and perimeter. Location: Chicago
Location: Chicago No of Stories: No of Stories: 108108
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High Rise Example
High Rise Example
Construction Year:
Construction Year: 19741974 Height:
Height: 442 442 mm
World's tallest building from World's tallest building from 1974
1974 -- 19961996; surpassed by the ; surpassed by the Petronas Tower in Kuala
Petronas Tower in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
CHARACTERESTICS OF HIIGH RISE BUILDINGS
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High Rise Example
High Rise Example
(Burj Dubai)
(Burj Dubai)
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10//2828//20092009 10
This is the tallest Man Made This is the tallest Man Made Building in the world with a Building in the world with a
predicted height of
predicted height of 818818m. m. Note: currently the tallest Note: currently the tallest building on earth, excluding building on earth, excluding an antenna, is Taipei
an antenna, is Taipei 101 101 in in Taiwan which stands at
Taiwan which stands at 509509m. m.
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High Rise Example
High Rise Example
(Burj Dubai)
(Burj Dubai)
Taiwan which stands at
Taiwan which stands at 509509m. m. The photo below is the
The photo below is the building's current state: the building's current state: the skyscrapers below the Burj skyscrapers below the Burj
Dubai used to look tall. Dubai used to look tall.
CHARACTERESTICS OF HIIGH RISE BUILDINGS
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High Rise Example
High Rise Example
(World Trade Center)
(World Trade Center)
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10//2828//20092009
534 meter to tower top 610 meter to pyramid top 670 meter to comm. tower
Wind Loads Vertical Loads Lateral Loads Other Loads Earthquake Loads Earth Pressure Dead Loads Live Loads Differential Settlement Temperature Changes Impact Impact Vibrations
Belt Truss Shear Wall Core
Outrigger
CHARACTERESTICS OF HIIGH RISE BUILDINGS
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Design Challenge
Design Challenge
Selection of proper innovative systems Selection of proper innovative systems
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Design Challenge
Design Challenge
Selection of proper innovative systems Selection of proper innovative systems
CHARACTERESTICS OF HIIGH RISE BUILDINGS
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Design Challenge
Design Challenge
Large Span Floor systems Large Span Floor systems
17 17
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Design Challenge
Design Challenge
Modern Flooring Systems Modern Flooring Systems
CHARACTERESTICS OF HIIGH RISE BUILDINGS
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Design Challenge
Design Challenge
Performing
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Design Challenge
Design Challenge
Carrying out Wind Tunnel Testing Carrying out Wind Tunnel Testing
CHARACTERESTICS OF HIIGH RISE BUILDINGS
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Design Challenge
Design Challenge
Ductile Detailing Ductile Detailing
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Design Challenge
Design Challenge
Using Advanced Control Techniques Using Advanced Control Techniques
CHARACTERESTICS OF HIIGH RISE BUILDINGS
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Construction Challenge
Construction Challenge
Modern Shuttering Modern Shuttering
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Course Layout
Course Layout
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Introduction
Introduction
What is High Rise What is High Rise
Characteristics of High Rise Characteristics of High Rise Examples of High Rise
Examples of High Rise
Stages of High Rise Design Stages of High Rise Design
Loads Considered in the Design of High Rise Loads Considered in the Design of High Rise Loads Considered in the Design of High Rise Loads Considered in the Design of High Rise
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Floor Systems
Floor Systems
Types of Floor Systems Types of Floor Systems
Selection of Floor Systems Selection of Floor Systems Design of RC Floor Systems
Design of RC Floor Systems (SAFE program)(SAFE program)
Definition of P.T. Floor systems Definition of P.T. Floor systems
CHARACTERESTICS OF HIIGH RISE BUILDINGS
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Course Layout
Course Layout
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Lateral Load Systems
Lateral Load Systems
Different Types of Lateral Load Resisting Systems Different Types of Lateral Load Resisting Systems Selection of Proper System
Selection of Proper System Lateral Load Calculations Lateral Load Calculations
Code Requirements and Provisions Code Requirements and Provisions Design of High Rise
Design of High Rise (ETABS program)(ETABS program)
Advanced Techniques in High Rise
Advanced Techniques in High Rise (Control)(Control)
Advanced Techniques in High Rise
Advanced Techniques in High Rise (Control)(Control)
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Sub
Sub--Structures
Structures
Types of and Selection of Foundations Types of and Selection of Foundations Design of Foundation Elements
Design of Foundation Elements (SAFE program)(SAFE program)
Design and Construction of Basements Design and Construction of Basements
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Detailing
Detailing
General Notes and Details General Notes and Details
Case Study of Project Detailing Case Study of Project Detailing
