RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR
RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR
FPSO
FPSO
Dr.
Dr.
Iwan
Iwan
D. Aryawan
D. Aryawan
Senior Specialist Naval Architect for Floating
Senior Specialist Naval Architect for Floating
Structures
ITS
ITS
ITS
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
• FLOATING OFFSHORE INSTALLATIONS • FPSO CONCEPT
• RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR FPSO • RULES BASED ASSESSMENT
– Overview
– Hull Structures
– Positional Mooring • CLOSING REMARKS
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ITS
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
FLOATING OFFSHORE INSTALLATIONS
FLOATING OFFSHORE INSTALLATIONS
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
Some Driving Factors
Some Driving Factors
• Water depth• Infrastructures around the field development • The size of the reservoir
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
Floating Offshore Installations
Floating Offshore Installations
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
Barge (1%) Barge (1%) Spar (2%) Spar (2%) TLP (8%) TLP (8%) Jackup Jackup (11%) (11%) Semi Semi (26%) (26%) FPSO FPSO (52%) (52%) Asia (20) North Sea (14) West Africa (10)Around 140 Operational Floating
Around 140 Operational Floating
Production Units
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ITS
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
Floating Platforms for Deepwater Development
Floating Platforms for Deepwater Development
(> 500m, 2004 onward)
(> 500m, 2004 onward)
Location Type of Floating Platform Number USA (GoM) Semi-submersible TLP Spar 3 3 7
South America FPSO
Semi-Submersible
10
2
Asia Pacific FPSO TLP 2 1 (West Seno-Unocal) West Africa FPSO TLP FSO 11 1 1 Source: Offshore Engineer, April’2005
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Surabaya
Surabaya
FPSO
F
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Surabaya
Characteristics of FPSO
Characteristics of FPSO
• Large storage capacity• Large topside area • Proven offloading
• ‘Fast track’ development • Re-usability
• Proven floating concept – (ship-shaped platform)
Rules and Regulations
Rules and Regulations
FPSO = Ship ?
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ITS
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR FPSO
RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR FPSO
Operation mode National Authority (Coastal State) Voyage mode International Regulation Flag State •SOLAS •MARPOL •Loadline •Tonnage Class Class. Societies (LR, ABS, DnV, etc.)
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ITS
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
CLASS RULE BASED ASSESSMENT
CLASS RULE BASED ASSESSMENT
• LR Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Floating Offshore Installation at a Fixed
Location, July 1999.
• LR Rules: LR Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships, July 2004.
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ITS
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
Some Key Points
Some Key Points
• Site-specific environmental conditions
• Cross-reference with the ship rules (scantlings) • Verification through first principal
approach/Model tests
– Hydrodynamic analyses/Model Tests – FEA (SDA)
– Fatigue Assessment (FDA)
• Other recognise codes/standards • Continuously developed
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ITS
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
Site
Site
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Specific Environmental Conditions
Specific Environmental Conditions
• Water depth• Wind • Wave • Current
• Temperature
• Sea bed/soil conditions • Marine growth
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
100 Year Wave Contours
100 Year Wave Contours
Hs
2 6 10 14 18 22 26 30 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 20 4ITS
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Hull Assessment
Hull Assessment
• Structural Arrangements • Longitudinal Strength• Hull Deflections and Accelerations • Structural Analysis
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Structural Arrangement
Structural Arrangement
Ballast tanks • Tank arrangement• Double sides/double bottom
• Accommodation fwd/aft
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Surabaya
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Surabaya
Hull longitudinal strength
Hull longitudinal strength
Maximum hogging
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Surabaya
0 50 100 150 200 250 D i s tan ce f ro m A f t P e rp e n d i cu l ar (m ) B e ndi ng M o m e n t D e e p D r a ft L R Ru le Lig h t D r a ftSite
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0 50 100 150 200 250D istance from Aft Perpendicular (m)
S h ea r F o r ce Deep Draft 100 Year Light Draft LR Ru le
Site
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Surabaya
Hull Bending Moment Capacity
Hull Bending Moment Capacity
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Surabaya
Deck Structures Deflections
Deck Structures Deflections
•Elongation range for fatigue calculation•Minimum (-) and maximum (+) deformations
Rigid Values increased Rigid
BM
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Hull Accelerations
Hull Accelerations
100year Criteria, Vessel Heading Sensitive
Trans. Trans. 0.20g 0.20g 0.20g0.20g 0.25g0.25g Long. Long. 0.40g 0.35g 0.45g0.40g 0.35g 0.45g Vert. Vert. 1.90g 1.30g 2.10g1.90g 1.30g 2.10g
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FEA Cargo Tank
FEA Cargo Tank
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Surabaya
Turret Integration
Turret Integration
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–
FE Stress Plot
FE Stress Plot
Loading
* Mooring system and risers * Hull girder SF & BM
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Surabaya
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Surabaya
Topside Support
Gravity loading
Gravity loading
Hull motions
Hull motions
Hull girder
Hull girder
stresses
stresses
Hull girder
Hull girder
deflections
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Surabaya
Sloshing
Sloshing
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Surabaya
Non
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Model Testing
Model Testing
• Analysis Calibration– vessel motion (roll damping) – hull girder loads
• Greenwater, Slamming/Wave Impact • Mooring/Riser design
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Surabaya
Green Seas, Pitch, Sagging & Hogging
Green Seas, Pitch, Sagging & Hogging
1
1 22
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Bow slamming Bow slammingITS
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MOORING ASSESSMENT
MOORING ASSESSMENT
• Environmental Conditions • Design Aspects • Design Analysis • Material AspectsITS
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Mooring Configurations
Mooring Configurations
Heidrun HeidrunITS
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Surabaya
YOKE MOORING
YOKE MOORING
Sea EagleITS
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Surabaya
SPREAD MOORING
SPREAD MOORING
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Surabaya
EXTERNAL TURRET MOORING
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Surabaya
Turret Mooring Systems
Turret Mooring Systems
Large Internal Turret Small Internal Turret Riser Turret
Mooring
External Turret Mooring Buoyant
Turret
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Surabaya
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MOORING COMPONENTS
MOORING COMPONENTS
Chain Wire ropeITS
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Mooring Analysis
Mooring Analysis
• Mean, Low- and Wave frequencies
• Wind, wave and current combinations
100 year waves + 100 year wind + 10 year current 100 year waves + 10 year wind + 100 year current
• Cross reference with API 2SK for fatigue assessment
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Wind, wave and current directions
Wind, wave and current directions
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Surabaya
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Surabaya
Crack in Transverse Web Frame
Crack in Transverse Web Frame
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Wire Rope Problems
Wire Rope Problems
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Anchor Chain Problems
Anchor Chain Problems
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Surabaya
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Surabaya
CLOSING REMARKS
CLOSING REMARKS
• FPSO concept is by far the most popular floating offshore installations
• Class rules are a proven ‘performance standard’ for FPSO design
• FPSO is not simply a tanker with production facility on her deck
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ITS
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Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya
Rules and regulations are
developed to make sure that
people don’t repeat mistakes !!
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Oepsss !!ITS
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need no checks or some calcs first?