PDMS Manual

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AVEVA Review 12.1

User Guide

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Disclaimer

Information of a technical nature, and particulars of the product and its use, is given by AVEVA Solutions Ltd and its subsidiaries without warranty. AVEVA Solutions Ltd and its subsidiaries disclaim any and all warranties and conditions, expressed or implied, to the fullest extent permitted by law. Neither the author nor AVEVA Solutions Ltd, or any of its subsidiaries, shall be liable to any person or entity for any actions, claims, loss or damage arising from the use or possession of any information, particulars, or errors in this publication, or any incorrect use of the product, whatsoever.

Copyright

Copyright and all other intellectual property rights in this manual and the associated software, and every part of it (including source code, object code, any data contained in it, the manual and any other documentation supplied with it) belongs to AVEVA Solutions Ltd or its subsidiaries.

All other rights are reserved to AVEVA Solutions Ltd and its subsidiaries. The information contained in this document is commercially sensitive, and shall not be copied, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted without the prior written permission of AVEVA Solutions Ltd. Where such permission is granted, it expressly requires that this Disclaimer and Copyright notice is prominently displayed at the beginning of every copy that is made.

The manual and associated documentation may not be adapted, reproduced, or copied, in any material or electronic form, without the prior written permission of AVEVA Solutions Ltd. The user may also not reverse engineer, decompile, copy, or adapt the associated software. Neither the whole, nor part of the product described in this publication may be incorporated into any third-party software, product, machine, or system without the prior written permission of AVEVA Solutions Ltd, save as permitted by law. Any such unauthorised action is strictly prohibited, and may give rise to civil liabilities and criminal prosecution.

The AVEVA products described in this guide are to be installed and operated strictly in accordance with the terms and conditions of the respective licence agreements, and in accordance with the relevant User Documentation. Unauthorised or unlicensed use of the product is strictly prohibited.

First published September 2007

AVEVA Solutions Ltd, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HB, United Kingdom

Trademarks

AVEVA and Tribon are registered trademarks of AVEVA Solutions Ltd or its subsidiaries. Unauthorised use of the AVEVA or Tribon trademarks is strictly forbidden.

AVEVA product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of AVEVA Solutions Ltd or its subsidiaries, registered in the UK, Europe and other countries (worldwide).

The copyright, trade mark rights, or other intellectual property rights in any other product, its name or logo belongs to its respective owner.

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AVEVA Review User Guide

Page

AVEVA Review 12.1

Introducing Review . . . 1:1

Start Review . . . 1:1

The Main Review Window . . . 1:1

The Menu Bar and the Toolbars . . . 1:1

The Standard Toolbar . . . 1:2

The Navigation Toolbar . . . 1:4

Common Right Click Context Menus . . . 1:4

The Observer, the Cameras and the Model . . . 2:1

The View Pyramid . . . 2:1

Open a Model File in Review . . . 3:1

Open Multiple Files. . . 3:3

Open and Load Large Files . . . 3:3

Open and View Streamable Model Files . . . 3:3

Open Old Review Zip Files. . . 3:4

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AVEVA Review User Guide

Multiple Selection . . . 3:11

Database Concurrency. . . 3:12

Review Active Selection . . . 3:12

View Pseudo Attributes . . . 3:12

The View Panels . . . 4:1

Controlling the View . . . 4:2

The Camera Settings Panel . . . 4:2

The Camera Position Panel . . . 4:4

The Camera Manipulation Panel . . . 4:4

The Bearing Control . . . 4:5 The Elevation Control . . . 4:5 The Field of View Control . . . 4:6 The Roll Control . . . 4:6

Grouping Displayed Elements . . . 4:7

Setting Visual Properties. . . 4:8

Tracking Selected Elements. . . 4:8

Multiple Selections with Common Visual Properties: . . . 4:9 Multiple Selections with Non-Matching Visual Properties:. . . 4:9

Setting Visual Properties . . . 4:9

Applying a Material. . . 4:10

Selecting a Preview Primitive . . . 4:11

Searching the Model . . . 4:12

Searching on Element Names . . . 4:13

Searching on Display Properties . . . 4:13

Search Results . . . 4:14

Quick Find Tool . . . 4:14

Defining an Animation . . . 4:16

Creating and Editing Animation Paths. . . 4:17

Manipulating the View Panels. . . 4:18

Manipulating the Observer View . . . 5:1

The Navigation Toolbar . . . 5:1

Common Mouse Operations . . . 5:2

Walkthrough/Flythrough Mode - Mouse Operations. . . 5:3

Walkthrough/Flythrough Mode - More on Rotating using the Mouse . . . 5:4

Walkthrough Mode - More on Walking . . . 5:5

Walkthrough/Flythrough Mode - Keyboard Operations . . . 5:5

Fixed Focus Mode - Mouse Operations . . . 5:6

Fixed Focus Mode - Keyboard Operations. . . 5:7

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Fixed Focus Mode - More about Rotation . . . 5:8

Direct Manipulation Using the Shortcut Menu . . . 5:8

Direct Manipulation Using the Keyboard - General . . . 5:8

Other View Manipulation Facilities - All Modes. . . 5:9

Spinning the Model. . . 5:9

Setting Translational and Rotational Increments . . . 5:9

Manipulation Using Menu Options . . . 5:10

Look>From> . . . 5:10

Look>Towards> . . . 5:11

Look>As> . . . 5:12

Look>Window>. . . 5:12

Look>Direction> . . . 5:12

Look>ISO> . . . 5:13

Look>Reset . . . 5:13

The Keyplan View . . . 6:1

The Keyplan Control Buttons . . . 6:2

The Zoom Button . . . 6:2

The Continuously Update Graphics Button . . . 6:2

The Camera Button . . . 6:2

The Light Button. . . 6:3

The Path Button . . . 6:3

The Edit Clip Button . . . 6:3

The Group Origin Button . . . 6:4

The Group Bearing/Elevation Button . . . 6:4

The Group Roll Button . . . 6:4

Keyplan Control - the Keyplan View Panels . . . 6:5

The Keyplan Elements Panel . . . 6:5

The View Direction Panel . . . 6:6

The Clipping Panel . . . 6:6

Manipulating the Keyplan View Contents . . . 6:6

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AVEVA Review User Guide

Setting Background Colours . . . 7:5

Ship Grid . . . 7:5

Frame Position (FP) . . . 7:5

Longitudinal Positions (LP). . . 7:5

Using Ship Grid . . . 7:5

Defining Materials . . . 8:1

The Materials Palette Form . . . 8:2

Creating Materials . . . 8:3

Editing Materials . . . 8:3

Setting Material Properties . . . 8:4

Textures . . . 8:5

Select Materials Window . . . 8:5

Freeze and Reset Materials . . . 8:6

Controlling How Much of the Model is Drawn . . . 9:1

The DrawList Form. . . 9:1

Shortcut Menus on DrawList Members . . . 9:2

Defining a Clip Volume . . . 9:2

Clip Volume Position . . . 9:5

Manipulation . . . 9:8

Perform Clipping Action . . . 9:9

Defining a Clip Plane . . . 9:11

Clip Plane Settings . . . 9:13

Near Clipping Plane . . . 9:18

Configuration of Insulation/Obstruction Rendering . . . 9:21

Adjusting the Light Sources . . . 10:1

Setting the Type of Illumination . . . 10:1

Setting the Intensity and Colour . . . 10:2

Setting the Direction or Position . . . 10:2

Setting the Direction of an Infinite Light Source . . . 10:2 Setting the Position of a Local Light Source . . . 10:2 Setting the Properties of a Spot Light . . . 10:3

Shadows . . . 10:3

Identifying Objects in the Model . . . 11:1

Picking Objects with the Mouse Pointer . . . 11:1

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Tagging and Autotagging Objects . . . 11:1

Tagging

. . . 11:2

Autotagging . . . 11:2

Labelling Objects . . . 11:3

Measuring Distances in the Displayed Model . . . 11:3

Distances Between Origins of Elements . . . 11:3

Distances Between Points on Surfaces . . . 11:4

Dimensioning Displayed Model . . . 11:5

Geometry Selection Filters . . . 11:5

Working with Groups, Including the Scale Man . . . 12:1

Using the Groups Form . . . 12:1

Defining and Positioning a Group . . . 12:2

Defining the Group's Constituent Items . . . 12:2

Storing the Group Definition . . . 12:3

Group Settings . . . 12:4

Defining the Group Origin . . . 12:4 Modifying Groups . . . 12:4

Positioning the Group Origin . . . 12:5

Listing and Removing Group Definitions . . . 12:5

Manipulating a Group . . . 12:6

Manipulation Using Graphical Controls . . . 12:6

Moving a Group Along a Straight Line . . . 12:7

Moving a Group in a Plane. . . 12:10

Rotating a Group About a Selected Axis . . . 12:11

Moving the Handles Using the 'h' Key . . . 12:13

Resetting the Position and Orientation of a Group. . . 12:13

Varying Group Manipulation Graphical Performance. . . 12:13

Manipulation Using the Keyplan View . . . 12:15

Clash Detection . . . 12:15

The Scale Man . . . 12:16

Displaying the Scale Man. . . 12:16

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AVEVA Review User Guide

The Elevation Control . . . 12:25 The Roll Control . . . 12:25

Fine adjustment . . . 12:26

Setting Up Animated Display Sequences . . . 13:1

Defining a New Animation Path . . . 13:1

Defining a Path - Initial Settings . . . 13:3

Defining a Path Using the Observer View . . . 13:4

Saving an Animation Path . . . 13:6

Advanced Waypoint Creation. . . 13:7

Waypoint Number . . . 13:7 Waypoint Time Settings . . . 13:7 Waypoint Position . . . 13:8 Waypoint Placer . . . 13:8 Track the Position Of: . . . 13:8 Enter Position Manually. . . 13:8 Path Representation . . . 13:8

Editing an Animation Path . . . 13:9

Manipulating a Waypoint . . . 13:9

Deleting a Waypoint . . . 13:11

Inserting an Additional Point. . . 13:11

Shortcut Menus on Waypoints . . . 13:12

Adjusting the Path Velocity. . . 13:13

Specifying Object-Path Animation Pairs. . . 13:14

Running an Animation Sequence. . . 13:14

Playback Options . . . 13:15

Running the Animation . . . 13:16

Showing Clashes . . . 13:16

A Shortcut for Starting and Stopping Animations . . . 13:17

Recording an Animation Sequence to a Set of Files . . . 13:17

Saving to AVI File . . . 13:18 Saving the Individual Frames . . . 13:18 Specifying the Frame Size . . . 13:18 Oversampling . . . 13:18

Widescreen Review. . . 14:1

Introduction . . . 14:1

Setting Up . . . 14:1

Environment Variables . . . 14:2

Running Review in Widescreen Mode . . . 14:3

Quad Buffer Stereo and Widescreen . . . 14:4

Hardware Setup . . . 14:4

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Quad Buffer Stereo . . . 15:1

Laser Model Interface Support. . . 16:1

Exporting and Viewing 3D Models from Review . . . 17:1

Exporting 3D Models . . . 17:1

Export XGL . . . 17:2

Saving Review Settings to Files . . . 18:1

Review Status or Textural Report File . . . 18:1

Reloading a Status File . . . 18:2

Save Status File or RVZ. . . 18:3

Saving a Picture File . . . 18:4

Texture Mapping . . . 19:1

Loading Textured Materials . . . 19:2

Using Greyscale Images . . . 19:6

Controlling the Size and Shape of a Tile . . . 19:6

Controlling How Tiles are Positioned and Repeated . . . 19:7

Applying Textures to the Model . . . 19:8

Switching Textures On and Off. . . 19:8

Removing Textures . . . 19:8

Specular Textures . . . 19:8

Environment Map . . . 19:8

Advanced Textures . . . 19:8

Examples of Simulating Real Materials . . . 19:9

Creating a Material That Looks Like Shiny Wood . . . 19:9

Creating a Material That Looks Like a Grid . . . 19:9

Creating a Material That Looks Like Chromium Plate . . . 19:10

Using Old Model and Status Files . . . 19:10

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AVEVA Review User Guide

Load from SQL Server . . . 20:5

DataViewer Results . . . 20:7

Context Menus for Elements in the DataViewer Results Grid . . . 20:9

Choose Default Columns . . . 20:9

ReviewShare Add-in . . . 21:1

Add-in User Interface. . . 21:1

Creating a ReviewShare Collaboration Document. . . 21:3

Capturing from Review Cameras . . . 21:4

Attach ZGL files . . . 21:5

On Demand Publishing . . . 21:5

View Pane Visibility . . . 21:6

Viewer Source . . . 21:6

Open and View Streamable Models. . . 22:1

Limitations . . . 22:4

VizStream Performance . . . 23:1

Render Settings . . . 23:1

Advanced Settings. . . 23:2

Memory

. . . 23:2

Cache

. . . 23:3

Command Line Options When Starting Review . . . 24:1

Loading Model, Status and Clip Files . . . 24:1

Editing a Textual Clip File . . . 24:2

Specifying Imperial Units for Dimensions . . . 24:3

Generating RVF files . . . 24:4

Running Linked Review Sessions . . . 25:1

Requirements for Running Linked Sessions . . . 25:1

Starting up a Broker Daemon. . . 25:2

Connecting to a Linked Session Workgroup . . . 25:2

Working in a Linked Session . . . 25:3

Disconnecting from a Linked Session . . . 25:3

PDMS Design Export Utility . . . 26:1

Copying Model Data from PDMS to Review . . . 26:1

Command Line Options. . . 26:2

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Review Application Link . . . 27:1

Application Link Add-in. . . 27:1

Linking to Review via a Remote Client . . . 28:1

Introduction . . . 28:1

Creating the Client Project . . . 28:1

Developing the Client . . . 28:2

Adding a Reference to Review. . . 28:2

Developing the Client Application Link . . . 28:4

Connecting to Review and Receiving Notifications . . . 28:4

Sending Commands to Review . . . 28:5

Using the Client . . . 28:7

Review Collaboration . . . 29:1

Introduction . . . 29:1

Requirements for Running a Collaboration Session . . . 29:1

The Collaboration Add-in . . . 29:2

The Master Server . . . 29:2

The Client Sessions . . . 29:2

Connection Settings . . . 29:3

Incoming Events. . . 29:3

Event Log . . . 29:4

Using a Collaboration Session . . . 29:4

Camera Events. . . 29:4

Element Material and Visibility Changes . . . 29:4

Graphical Selections . . . 29:4

Materials

. . . 29:5

View Manipulation in Review 6.4 or Later . . . .A:1

Direct Manipulation Using the Mouse . . . A:1

Setting the Manipulation Mode. . . A:1

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AVEVA Review User Guide

Configure Enhanced Export to RVM from Plant/Marine . . . B:2

Customisation . . . B:3

Loading Large Model Files . . . .C:1

Large Memory Allocation . . . C:1

Model Memory Limit . . . C:1

Fast Indexing . . . C:2

Troubleshoot Toolbox Module Errors . . . .D:1

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Introducing Review

1 Introducing Review

1.1 Start Review

To start AVEVA Review click the Start button in the Windows taskbar, point to Programs > AVEVA > Review 12.1 and then click Review.

After a short delay while AVEVA Review is loaded, the main AVEVA Review window will be displayed.

The remainder of this section assumes that AVEVA Review has been started and the main AVEVA Review window is visible.

1.2 The Main Review Window

The Review User Interface consist of a Toolbar and various other panels depending on the work activity, the most common ones are:

• Menu Bar and Tool Bar, for further details refer to The Menu Bar and the Toolbars

• Dimension Toolbar, for further details refer to Dimensioning Displayed Model

• The Explorer, for further details refer to The Explorer

• The Observer is the main 3D View work area, for further details refer to Manipulating the Observer View

• The Visual Properties Panel, refer to Setting Visual Properties

• Quick Find tool bar, for further details refer to Quick Find Tool

Elements of the user interface such as panels and tool bars can be docked and positioned to suit individual preference. This gives the user considerable control over the layout of forms and other aspects of the graphical interface.

Changes to the layout will be saved when the application is closed. When the application is re-opened the layout will restore to its previous setting.

Forms, menu bars and toolbars can be docked to any edge of the application window; forms and toolbars can be set to ‘float’ at any position on the screen.

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AVEVA Review User Guide

Introducing Review

Each of the Menu Bar options are explained in detail later in this User Guide.

Note: The exact content of the Edit and Tools pull-down menus varies according to which of the Observer View (see Manipulating the Observer View) or other Camera Views (refer to The Keyplan View) is active.

The user can begin access to many of Review's functions by clicking on one of the buttons in the Standard Toolbar:

The way in which the view manipulation features of Review work is controlled from the Navigation Toolbar:

The function of each of the buttons on the two toolbars is explained in detail later in this User Guide, but in summary:

1.3.1 The Standard Toolbar

Open Opens a Review model file into Review. Other Review file types can also be loaded (refer to Open a Model File in Review).

Open Streamable Model

Opens a Streamable Model file into Review. Other CAD related file types can also be loaded (refer to Open and View Streamable Models).

Save Save a Review file. Different levels of data can be saved, for example the camera data can be saved separately from model data.

Print Prints the contents of the active camera window.

Explorer Brings up the Explorer form, which provides a hierarchical view of the PDMS elements imported in the model file. Refer to The Explorer in Chapter Open a Model File in Review

Search Enables the user to search for elements within the model files currently loaded into Review - refer to Searching the Model in Chapter The View Panels.

Camera Definition

Allows the user to define the view by entering explicit positions and directions or by manipulating the line of sight interactively. Refer to Controlling the View in Chapter The View Panels for details.

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Introducing Review

Keyplan View Allows the user to define the view by manipulating small-scale plan and elevation views of the model. Refer to The Keyplan View for details.

Material Definition

Allows the user to assign a material to each displayed element, and give the material properties such as shininess, smoothness and texture. Refer to Defining Materials for details.

Lighting Allows the user to control the lighting applied to the view by specifying the positions, colours and intensities of the light sources. Refer to Adjusting the Light Sources for details. Groups Allows the user to link displayed elements together into

groups, so that the user can manipulate them collectively. Refer to Working with Groups, Including the Scale Man for details.

Path Editing Allows the user to define an animation path. An animation can then be played along the path - refer to Defining an Animation in Chapter The View Panels.

Animation Allows the user to define an animation by setting up a progressive sequence of views.

Visual Properties

Allows the user to view or change the material properties of a selected element - refer to Setting Visual Properties in Chapter The View Panels.

Drawlist Specify which parts of the complete design model are to be included in the graphical display using a drawlist.

Signboard Allows the user to define a Signboard which can show any user-defined text or image on its surface.

Clip Volume Allows the user to define a 3D rectangular volume within the model space, such that objects may be displayed or not according to if they fall partially or wholly within that volume. Clip Plane Allows the user to define a 3D plane within the model space,

such that objects may be displayed or not according to if they fall partially or wholly within that volume.

ReviewShare Opens the ReviewShare add-in allowing comments to be shared with other ReviewShare users.

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AVEVA Review User Guide

Introducing Review

1.3.2 The Navigation Toolbar

1.3.3 Common Right Click Context Menus

Through out Review there are common right click context menu functions which help the user to do a task or modify an element. The following describes the common right click functions and what the functions do to help the user.

Database Connection

Allows the user to open database window and connect to a Plant/Marine database. Refer to Connect to a Project Database.

Database Explorer

Opens database explorer window and brings up the Explorer form, which provides a hierarchical view of the elements imported from database once connected. Refer to Database Explorer.

Database Attribute Viewer

Opens database attribute window. Refer to Database Attribute Viewer.

Load from File

Loads a file into the dataviewer.

Load from SQL Server

Loads into the Dataviewer from the SQL viewer.

Load from Database

Load from the database into the dataviewer.

Walkthrough Mode

Rotate and Pan operations take place relative to the observer as he 'walks around the model'. See

Walkthrough/Flythrough Mode - Mouse Operations in Chapter Manipulating the Observer View for details.

Fixed Focus Mode

Rotate operations take place about a fixed focal point. See Fixed Focus Mode - Mouse Operations in Chapter Manipulating the Observer View for details.

Flythrough Mode

Allows the user to fly around the model. See The Navigation Toolbar in Chapter Manipulating the Observer View for details.

Classic Mode Rotate, Pan and Zoom operations operate as in Review version 6.1 and version 5.3. See appendix

View Manipulation in Review 6.4 or Later for details. Slider Controls the speed of walk and zoom operations.

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Introducing Review

Right click context menus are grouped by user activity, for example the functions that control the camera are grouped separately from those that control the clipboard.

Depending on the task that the user is carrying out some of the options may appear greyed out because they are not relevant to that task.

Note: The terms that this table refer to are described more in detail later in this guide.

Menu Option Function

3D View Functions

3D View Enables the user to add loaded elements and sub elements in Explorer to the Observer and make changes to the elements in regards to material types and the way it is displayed.

Add Adds an element to the Observer.

Remove Removes an element which is already loaded in the Observer.

Change Material Open the Select Materials Window allowing the user to select a different material for the loaded elements in Explorer or in Observer.

Make Opaque Makes the selected elements opaque.

Make Translucent Makes the selected elements translucent (semi transparent) with other elements.

Make Wireframe Makes the selected elements into wireframe view. Make Invisible Makes the selected elements invisible.

Camera Functions

Note: The camera functions are only available to the user once the element has been added to the Observer, otherwise they will be greyed out.

Stand on Surface Moves the camera to a fixed height (the height of an average person) above the pointer position.

Focus On Moves the camera to the selected element and looks at it. Dynamic Focus On Moves the camera to the selected element, with dynamic

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AVEVA Review User Guide

Introducing Review

Data Location and Attribute Functions Locate in Database

Explorer

Locates the selected element in Database Explorer (this can only be available once the user has done the procedures in section Connect to a Project Database). Locate in Dataviewer Locates the selected element in Dataviewer (this can only

be available once the user has followed the procedures in section DataViewer Results and has populated the Dataviewer Results window). The element will be highlighted when it is found in DataViewer Results Window.

Locate in Explorer Locate the selected element in Explorer.

Show Attributes The selected element attributes will be shown in a popup window, showing all the attributes that are associated with the element.

Clipboard Functions

Copy Captures the associated element name, which can then be used when defining look towards views, clip volumes, groups etc. See later in this User Guide.

Paste Pastes a copied element.

Select Gives a submenu enabling the significant elements above the selected element in the hierarchy to be selected. A Clear Selection option also becomes available if there is a graphical selection.

Copy Names Copies name of a selected element, which can be useful when searching for elements in a database which have long or complicated names.

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The Observer, the Cameras and the Model

2 The Observer, the Cameras and the Model

The content of the displayed view depends upon four chief factors: • The location of the observer (the user) or camera positions. • The location of the design model.

• The orientation of the design model with respect to the viewer. • The angle of view of the observer or camera lens.

2.1 The View Pyramid

The view of the model which the user sees in the Observer View window depends on the settings of a number of view geometry parameters which together constitute a view pyramid, thus:

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AVEVA Review User Guide

The Observer, the Cameras and the Model

• The model's through point (or to point or centre of interest) is the point in model space which coincides with the centre of the display area.

• The line of sight, which is the line through the eye point and the through point, is the axis along which the view is looking.

• The angle of view is the angle subtended at the eye point by the vertical side of the display area.

When the view is to be changed, the view geometry may be specified in the following ways: • The eye point is specified by its 3D coordinates in the model's axis system. The eye point may also be derived from a specified through point and line of sight, but this is much less common.

• The through point may either be specified by its 3D coordinates in the model's axis system or it may be derived from a specified line of sight.

• The line of sight may either be specified as a direction (expressed as bearing plus elevation components) from the eye point or it may be derived from a specified through point.

• The angle of view may either be specified directly as an angle or it may be derived from a specified display area.

The user can manipulate the view in the following ways:

• Rotation of the view may take place either about the observer's eye point or about the model's through point.

• Roll of the view corresponds to rotation of the view pyramid about the line of sight. • Zooming of the view corresponds to movement of the observer's eye point backwards

or forwards along the line of sight, thus changing the distance between the eye point and the model, with the angle of view kept constant. This changes the amount of the model which fits into the effective display area without changing the perspective angle. • Field of view changes correspond to a narrowing or widening of the view angle with the distance between the through point and the eye point kept constant. This changes the amount of the model which fits into the effective display area by changing the perspective angle (like changing the focal length of a camera lens).

Review allows the user to define eight different views at any one time, identified by reference to an observer or to any of seven numbered cameras.

• The Observer View offers the maximum scope for customisation and manipulation of the view, and it is this view which the user will use for most complex operations such as measurement and labelling.

• The camera views offer a more limited range of viewing options, restricted primarily to differences of viewpoint, but the user can switch quickly between them without having to redefine the view pyramid parameters each time.

By default, the view the user sees displayed is set up for the observer.

For details of how the Camera View options are used, refer to the corresponding descriptions for the Observer View throughout this guide.

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Open a Model File in Review

3 Open a Model File in

Review

Review files are based on model files created from an AVEVA Plant or AVEVA Marine database. The model file contains:

• The design model geometry; that is, the dimensions and locations of all primitives that make up the design.

• The logical design hierarchy; that is, the family tree showing the owner-member relationships between named design elements.

Review includes three sample model files,

atest.rvm

,

stab.rvm

, and

allsrp.rvm

(as well as

man.rvm

, the 'scale man') which the user can load in order to practise using Review.

The sample model files are located in the following folder: C:\AVEVA\Review12.1\models

Note: When one user opens a Review a .rvf file for editing and a second user opens the same .rvf, the second user will only be able to read the document and not be able to edit it (the second user will be prompted of this with a dialog box).

To open a Review file the user can either drag and drop a file from a Windows folder or select File > Open from the Review toolbar.

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AVEVA Review User Guide

Open a Model File in Review

The following file types can be loaded:

When a file is opened the contents will be displayed in The Explorer the user can then individually select parts of the model to display in the Observer by right clicking on an element and selecting 3D View > Add (refer to Common Right Click Context Menus). The Explorer and Observer are described in detail later in this guide.

Review will not load the actual model primitives until elements from the Explorer are added to the Observer. This is particularly beneficial to the user if a very large files is being opened. For example the user could quickly visualise the pipe routes of a plant without the need of loading the entire plant model data (which could take a considerable amount of time).

File Purpose

Review model file (.rvm) A standard model file, exported from PDMS. Review status file (.rvs) A binary file which holds display

configuration settings from one Review session.

Review zip file (.rvz) A zip archive containing one or more model and status files, allowing all files to be loaded in one step.

Review file (.rvm, .rvs, .rvz) (All .rvm, .rvs and .rvz files will be listed in the file browser.)

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Open a Model File in Review

3.0.1 Open Multiple Files

The user can add the contents of multiple files to The Explorer by opening more files (using the toolbar option File > Open or drag and dropping files into Review). The content of the files will be merged in to the Explorer hierarchy.

Elements added to the explorer will be retained until the user creates a new Review session (File > New).

If the user opens a file into Review that contains elements with the same names as those already loaded into the Explorer then they will be overwritten with the properties of those in the most recently opened file.

If the Observer contains an element that has been overwritten as a result of opening a file then it will be removed from the Observer view. The user can then add the new version of the element from the Explorer into the Observer.

The benefit of the user being able to drag multiple files into the Explorer is that the user can visualise the components of a large model either in isolation or as a whole.

3.0.2 Open and Load Large Files

Depending on the size and complexity of a model, the user must bear in mind that the model data can take a longer time to load. While model data is being loaded the user interface will be locked to prevent the user from beginning any other actions. By locking the user interface Review can dedicate all priority to loading the model as quickly as possible.

The locking of the user interface is not always detectable but will become more noticable when loading large model data.

While the model is loaded a progress window will be displayed.

If the model is too big to load into the users memory, a prompt will be displayed indicating that this is the case and loading will stop. The user can then unload parts of the model to free up memory and then load in specific parts of the model using The Explorer.

An administrator can change the memory limit that Review will attempt to allocate by referring to the appendix Loading Large Model Files.

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Open a Model File in Review

For a detailed description of opening Streamable Model files refer to Open and View Streamable Models.

3.0.4 Open Old Review Zip Files

In earlier versions of Review the user could create an rvz file by adding rvm and rvs files to a normal Zip archive then renaming the file extension to

.rvz

. This allowed multiple model and status files to be loaded in a single step, as well as providing the benefits of easier distribution and reduced storage.

The user can now save directly to an rvz file using Review, this process is described in Section 18Saving Review Settings to Files.

Files created using the old process of adding files to a Zip archive can still be used with Review but when the file is opened the user will be prompted re-save the file in the new format.

Click Yes to resave the file in the current file format.

3.1 The Explorer

The Explorer provides a hierarchical view of the elements in an opened model file. On the View Menu, click Explorer to open the Explorer window (shown below).

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Open a Model File in Review

The Explorer will be displayed automatically when the user opens a Review file either from a database (described later in Connect to a Project Database), selecting from the toolbar (File > Open > Open Review Files) or drag and dropping a file from the windows user interface. The Review user interface will lock during the loading process. For further information refer to Open and Load Large Files.

The user can see more or fewer sub-elements by expanding or collapsing the hierarchy. A plus sign next to an element indicates that it can be expanded to show more entries; a minus sign indicates that it can be collapsed.

The user can add elements and sub elements from the hierarchy to the Observer by right clicking over an element in the explorer and selecting an option from the 3D View context menu (Refer to Common Right Click Context Menus). The user can choose to add the entire element if required.

Added elements in the Observer will be highlighted in bold in the Explorer indicating the element is loaded in the Observer and if the element is removed from the Observer or not loaded the element will not be selected bold (as shown in the following screen shot).

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Open a Model File in Review

If an element in the Explorer does not have all of its child items loaded then that element will be displayed in italics. In the example below element E1301 is displayed in italic because item CYLINDER 3 of EQUIPMENT /E1301 has not been loaded.

The Explorer operates similarly to the Windows Explorer, although the shortcut menu options accessed from the right mouse button are different.

For further information on the right click buttons of the shortcut menu, Refer to Common Right Click Context Menus.

The user can select multiple items in the tree. Multiple selections make by using the standard Windows Ctrl key for adding to a selection and Shift key for a range selection when selecting elements.

Note: The element names in the model file are case sensitive.

3.2 Connect to a Project Database

The user can establish a connection between Review and a PDMS/Outfitting database. The information from the database can then be used in The DataViewer, Database Explorer and Database Attribute Viewer.

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Open a Model File in Review

1. On the Database menu, click Database Connection 2. The following window will be displayed.

3. Type in the Project Code that the user wants to connect to or expand the pulldown to select from a list of available Project Codes.

4. Type the Username of the Project that the user wants to connect to. 5. Type the Password associated with the Username.

Note: The Username and Password are both case sensitive. 6. Type the name of the Multiple DataBase (MDB).

7. In the Database Connection dialog box, click Connect.

Note: The Status prompt gives an indication of how the connection is progressing. The Database Connection form will automatically close when the connection has been established and the database status is shown on the Review Status Bar.

Note: In some rare situations an error can occur if the user attempts to connect to a database created in an earlier version of PDMS that has since been converted to 12.0. if the user experiences an error refer to the appendixTroubleshoot Toolbox Module Errors.

The Database Connection window will appear inactive if it is opened after a successful connection has already been made. All the input fields will be disabled.

3.3 Database Explorer

Review provides the user with the ability to view data from a project database in the Database Explorer.

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Open a Model File in Review

The user can see more or fewer sub-elements by expanding or collapsing the hierarchy. A plus sign next to an element indicates that it can be expanded to show more entries; a minus sign indicates that it can be collapsed.

The user can drag and drop items from the Database Explorer into the Observer, doing so will load the selected item (and its sub items) into Review.

The Review user interface will lock during the loading process. For further information refer to Open and Load Large Files.

In the Database Explorer window the user is given the following tools to help the user to locate elements in Database Explorer.

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Database Explorer operates in a similar way to The Explorer in Review.

As well as the option described in the section Common Right Click Context Menus the user can select an entry to open a New Explorer.

3.3.1 New Explorer

Within the Review, the user can open a New Explorer in the Database Explorer window and search on a sub-set of elements from the Project database.

1. Select the branch within the tree hierarchy of the project database that the user wants to examine.

2. Right click the mouse and from the shortcut menu, select New Explorer.

Button Function

Search This allows the user to search the current tab for a particular character string. It is case sensitive and will select words in the hierarchy that have same string entered. For more information see The Explorer.

Find This enables the user to search the current tab for an element with a name containing the character string entered in the Find input field. Searches are case sensitive.

The Find Next (>) button will locate the next occurrence of the character string entered. The Find Previous (<) button will locate the previous occurrence of the character string. Note: Find automatically uses ‘wildcard’ features and

therefore it is not necessary to include an asterisk (*) in the character string.

The user can cancel the search operation at any time by clicking the Cancel button on the Review Status Bar. Refresh Refresh will clear the results of any previous searches. It will

retrieve the data from the database and rebuild the hierarchy in the current tab, removing any additional tabs that have been created.

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Open a Model File in Review

3. The new tab is opened and will display only those elements associated with the branch selected.

The new tab is populated with a copy of the elements below the selected item. As a result, the user can load and view smaller elements from the Project database.

The user can drag and drop elements into the Observer in the same way as the main Database Explorer. The user can also right click on an element and selecting 3D View > Add (refer to Common Right Click Context Menus)

3.3.2 Get Work To Re-Synchronise Database

If the user is connected to a database it is possible that another user can make changes to the database content outside of Review. If this is the case the user can click Get Work to re-synchronise the Review Explorer hierarchy with the database that Review is connected to.

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Open a Model File in Review

Any elements added or removed from the database since Review first made a connection will be reflected in the Explorer and Observer.

The Get Work button is located at the bottom of the Review user interface.

If the user is synchronising a large database with Review it is possible to click Cancel to stop the synchronisation.

3.4 Database Attribute Viewer

The Database Attribute Viewer is opened via the Database menu.

The viewer tracks the currently selected element within Review and displays all PDMS attributes associated with that element.

As a prerequisite for displaying attribute data the viewer requires that Review be connected to PDMS (see section 3.2Connect to a Project Database).

If PDMS is not connected the viewer will simply show Not connected to Database.

3.4.1 The Attribute Property Display

Once connected to PDMS open the Database Explorer window and select a node in the tree.

Observe that the Database Attribute Viewer tracks the selected item and displays the associated attributes.

The displayed properties can be ordered by PDMS category or alphabetically by selecting the desired option using the buttons just above the property page.

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Open a Model File in Review

3.4.3 Database Concurrency

Attribute data is fetched from the PDMS database and so the viewer requires that the Database is not currently in use in order to return the Database query. Typically this is not a problem however if a long operation is in progress, such as a DataViewer search operation, PDMS is busy and cannot be used to query for attributes.

In this case any change in active selection will cause the attribute viewer to show Querying <element name> whilst it waits for the Database to become available.

3.4.4 Review Active Selection

As noted earlier, the viewer displays attributes for the active selection in Review. The active selection is the array of selected items in the window that currently has input focus.

When using the Database Explorer, that window is currently in focus and so the attribute viewer uses the name of the selected node in the Database Explorer to query PDMS for attributes.

If instead the user highlights an element in the 3D view the focus of the application is switched to the 3D view and so the Attribute Viewer uses the name of the item selected in the 3D view to query PDMS for attributes.

As different windows gain application focus (i.e. user clicks in them) the active selection is restored and the attribute viewer responds appropriately.

3.4.5 View Pseudo Attributes

The Database Attribute Viewer can display an elements pseudo attributes.

In the Database Attribute Viewer right click anywhere in the list of standard attributes and select Show Pseudo Attributes.

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Open a Model File in Review

Note: A long delay can be expected while Review retrieves a full list of pseudo attributes from the connected database.

The Pseudo Attributes will be listed in the Database Attribute Viewer only for the currently selected element. If the user navigates to another element in the database then the Database Attribute Viewer will revert to showing only standard attributes (the user will need to select Show Pseudo Attributes again to see Pseudo Attributes).

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4 The View Panels

Having entered Review and loaded a model file (see Open a Model File in Review in Chapter Open a Model File in Review), a typical main Review window would appear as shown below:

A set of view panels may be displayed within the main window, being accessed from the View pull-down menu. The Main Review Window shown at the start of Section 1 shows a main window with three panes.

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4.1 Controlling the View

On the View Menu, click Camera Definition to display the following screen.

The Camera Control form allows the user to define the view by entering explicit positions and directions or by manipulating the line of sight interactively. Any changes made are immediately visible within the Observer View.

The Camera Setting For option allows the user to define view settings for the Observer or for any of seven cameras. Make the appropriate selection from the pull-down menu or use the wheel on the mouse (if present) to scroll through the menu.

The Current Mode option allows the user to select the current viewing mode (see The Navigation Toolbar in Chapter Manipulating the Observer View for details of each of the modes).

Notice how the Camera Settings panel expands appropriately according to the camera setting/viewing mode selected.

4.1.1 The Camera Settings Panel

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This panel enables the user to change the settings for the selected camera. Walkthrough, Flythrough and Fixed Focus display navigation modes share the same settings. Classic navigation mode has some extra settings.

The appearance of the panel for Walkthrough, Flythrough and Fixed Focus modes can be seen above.

Display Camera, when selected, gives a colour-shaded Observer View. Wireframe View gives a wireframe Observer View.

The Step Speed slider allows the user to set the speed for step movements in the view such as from panning or the W,S,A and D keys.

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The Camera Movement options are as follows: Continuous sets Continuous mode for mouse-controlled rotates and zooms (the view changes continuously for as long as the user hold down the mouse button); Single Step sets Single Step mode for mouse-controlled rotates and zooms (the view changes only when the user releases the mouse button); and Step sets Step mode for mouse-controlled rotates and zooms (the view changes continuously for as long as the user holds down the mouse button).

Continuous mode and Step mode are very similar; see Setting the Manipulation Mode in Chapter View Manipulation in Review 6.4 or Later (Secondary Manipulation Mode) for more detail on the above options.

The Step Size slider sets the speed for step size movements such as zoom and pan.

4.1.2 The Camera Position Panel

The Camera Position panel looks like this:

This panel enables the user to set the position of the camera and the through point. Enter the required values in the text boxes and press Enter to observe the effect on the display. Clicking on East, North, Up changes them to West, South, Down respectively.

4.1.3 The Camera Manipulation Panel

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This panel enables the user to set the camera orientation and field of view.

• The Bearing Control

This is shown as a 'compass dial' with North (not marked) at the top:

The current horizontal bearing is shown by the position of the radial line (the 'compass needle'), and in figures (degrees). The view direction is from the centre of the dial looking

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The current vertical elevation is shown by the position of the radial line, and in figures (degrees). The view direction is from the centre of the dial looking outwards along the line. To change the elevation, drag the radial line round to the required setting with the left-hand mouse button held down. Release the mouse button to fix the direction.

• The Field of View Control

This is shown as an included angle:

The current angle of view is shown by the angle between the solid lines and in figures (degrees). This angle is that subtended at the eye point by the vertical side of the displayed area of the model. (The angle between the dotted lines approximates to the natural viewing angle of the human eye.)

To change the angle of view, and hence the field of view, drag the lines closer together or further apart with the left-hand mouse button held down. Release the mouse button to fix the angle.

Note: Reducing the angle of view effectively magnifies the display (like increasing the focal length of a camera lens while keeping the camera-to-subject distance constant). This is not the same as moving the observer closer to the model, since the latter keeps the angle of view constant. The difference is illustrated, in a slightly different context, in Section 3.1.

• The Roll Control

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The current angle of roll in the vertical plane is shown by the angle of the aeroplane's tail fin (0 = tail fin at the top, as illustrated), and in figures (degrees).

To change the angle of roll, drag the aeroplane's tail fin round to the required setting with the left-hand mouse button held down. Release the mouse button to fix the direction.

4.2 Grouping Displayed Elements

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4.3 Setting Visual Properties

Note: Visual Properties only works for normal Review model files, not Streamable files. On the View Menu, click Visual Properties to display the following screen.

(In the illustration, an item has been selected in the Observer View.)

The Visual Properties form allows the user to view or change the material properties of a selected element. Any changes made on the Visual Properties form will be immediately shown in the Observer View. Single or multiple selections made in the currently active window will be tracked and, where possible, the properties for those elements will be displayed.

4.3.1 Tracking Selected Elements

The Visual Properties form will show the properties for elements selected in the currently active window. Windows tracked by the panel are the Explorer, the Observer View and the Search results list (see Search Results)

Some of these windows allow for multiple selections. When a multiple selection is active and all the elements in the selection have the same value for one of the properties then that value will be displayed in the window. Where there is a multiple selection with differing properties then the Visual Properties will be shown as mixed and the user will be allowed to set the selection.

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• Multiple Selections with Common Visual Properties:

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then the form will show the text No Common Material and there will be no preview primitive shown.

To change the material of the entire selection click on Change Material… This brings up the Change Material form as shown below.

See Editing Materials in Chapter Defining Materials for more details of this form.

Click on the required material to select it or type in the name of an element to select the material of that element, and then click Apply.

4.3.3 Applying a Material

The Material Painter provides a way to apply the material of the currently selected item to other elements. Clicking on Material Painter… will change the pointer to a 'paintbrush'

, able to paint elements in the Observer View with the current material.

To apply the material to an owner of the selected element, use the mouse to bring up the shortcut menu on element. This displays a list of owners for the item under the mouse to paint to. See below for an example:

The material will be painted to the element under the mouse when the mouse button is released. On mouse down the item will be highlighted. Moving the mouse around while the mouse button is down will change the item to be painted to the item under the mouse. This is particularly useful if the user missed the item to be painted when the mouse button was pressed. Moving the mouse with the button still down will allow for the correct item to be painted.

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The pointer remains as a paintbrush until Esc is pressed, Material Painter… is selected again or Cancel Format Painter is selected from the shortcut menu.

Note: The Material Painter uses the setting of the Graphical Selection: preference on the Preferences form to determine which element to paint to when the mouse is clicked. For example with this preference set to Normal clicking on box BOX1 of / EQUI1 will paint the material to the box. When this preference is set to Pick Significant Element clicking on this box paints the material to equipment EQUI1. From the main toolbar select Tools > Options >Preferences to open the Preferences dialogue and then click Selection.

4.3.4 Selecting a Preview Primitive

The user can change the primitive shape used to preview the current material.

Select either sphere, cube, circular pyramid and hemisphere from the Preview Primitive drop down.

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4.4 Searching the Model

On the View Menu, click Search to display the following screen.

The Search form enables the user to search for an element name within the model files currently loaded into Review. Searches can be run against part of the element name by using wildcards. The search can be further refined by searching on the element's material type, visibility and auto-tagging setting.

For example, with the settings shown below, when Search is clicked the search is run to find all elements with '1502' anywhere in their name and a material type set to 'Material02' and that are translucent.

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4.4.1 Searching on Element Names

The search can be run against all or part of the element name, which may include wildcards. Two wildcard characters are available; the asterisk (*) and the question mark (?).

The * wildcard will match 0 or many characters to the * in the search; for example EQUI*101 would return results such as EQUIPMENT-101, EQUI101 and EQUI-101.

The ? wildcard character will match any character to the one character represented by the wildcard. For example EQUI?101 would return EQUI-101 as a result but not EQUIPMENT-101 or EQUIEQUIPMENT-101.

If no wildcard characters are used then Review searches for any name containing the supplied text at any point in the name. This is the equivalent of a * wildcard at both the beginning and end of the search text. For example, entering EQUI in the name field would find any name with the text EQUI anywhere in the name.

If no text is entered the search will be governed by the settings of the material type/visibility/ auto-tagging criteria.

To search only elements that have 'significant' names select Only search significant elements. Significant element names come from the text to the right of the first '/' in (full)

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The With visibility set to: list allows the user to choose a visibility setting to search on. Selecting a visibility setting from this list will further refine the search by only searching for elements with that visibility setting. Any visibility searches for an element regardless of material type.

The With auto-tagging: list allows the user to choose an auto-tagging setting to search on. Selecting an auto-tagging setting from this list will further refine the search by only searching for elements with that auto-tagging setting. Any auto-tagging searches for an element regardless of material type.

See Tagging and Autotagging Objects in Chapter Identifying Objects in the Model for details of auto-tagging.

4.4.3 Search Results

The results of the search will be displayed in the Search results list at the bottom of the form. It is possible to select elements on this list and act on them using the shortcut menu. For further information on the right click buttons of the shortcut menu, Refer to Common Right Click Context Menus.

Multiple selections can be made from the list using the normal Windows Shift, Control selection features. For multiple selections in the list only Copy will be available on the menu.

The Visual Properties form (see Controlling the View) shows the visual properties for elements selected in the Search results list.

4.5 Quick Find Tool

The Review interface has a compact Quick Find tool which gives easy access to many of the search tools documented in the previous sections.

Pressing F3 on the keyboard at any time will toggle the visibility of the Quick Find tool. Alternatively right clicking in the toolbar and selecting Quick Find will have the same result. Activating the tool will display an interface in the lower left corner of the work area.

The input field will auto populate as the user starts to type.

Note: For the following example to work it is necessary to load the example Stabilizer model (stab.rvm) and the streamable Stabilizer model (stab.rvm) supplied with the Review 12.1 installation.

1. Begin by typing '/' in the input field.

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2. Continue to populate the search field by typing '/100-B-1-B1' .

The listbox will filter as the user types to display only elements with a name beginning with /100-B-1-B1.

The user can specify the search criteria by clicking on the drop down menu under Search Results, for example user can search All models, All RVM models, All Streamable models or a specific model loaded in the Observer view (by default search mode will be on All models), as shown in screen shot below.

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The function of these is detailed in the previous section 4.4.3.

4.6 Defining an Animation

The Animation Control form allows the user to define and play back an animation by setting up a progressive sequence of views. An animation requires an animation path to be defined first - see Creating and Editing Animation Paths.

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See Setting Up Animated Display Sequences for a full description of setting up and playing animations.

4.7 Creating and Editing Animation Paths

The Path Editing form allows the user to define and an animation path, objects such as cameras, groups or lights can then be animated along the paths.

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See Setting Up Animated Display Sequences for a full description of setting up and playing animations.

4.8 Manipulating the View Panels

The View Panels themselves incorporate standard Windows manipulation features: Clicking the Close button at the top right-hand corner will remove the view pane. Clicking the Auto Hide button will cause the panel to disappear whenever the pointer is moved into the graphical view.

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Manipulating the Observer View

5 Manipulating the Observer View

This Section describes the principal ways of manipulating the graphical view of the model displayed in the Observer View window. These are:

• By using the mouse buttons, where the observed effect is governed by the position of the pointer within the screen area.

• By using the keyboard, where the arrow keys and numeric keypad keys change the view in specific ways.

• From within the view definition forms. These allow the user to enter explicit instructions for setting the required view or to manipulate the view by using controls on the forms. • By selecting an option from the Edit > Look submenu option

• By constraining movement to a sequence of fixed directions by setting a specific walk path.

Note: Some of the menu bar options presented in this Section will only be visible if the Observer View is made active (by clicking in it).

5.1 The Navigation Toolbar

The Navigation toolbar looks as below:

The Navigation toolbar controls the way in which the view manipulation features of Review work. Most navigation operations can be performed using the mouse or keyboard, as detailed below.

The four buttons on the left select Walkthrough mode, Fixed Focus mode, Flythrough mode and Classic mode (see below).

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5.1.1 Common Mouse Operations

Walkthrou gh mode

For use with walkthroughs. All movement is relative to the observer, who can only move in the horizontal plane. See Walkthrough/Flythrough Mode - Mouse Operations

Fixed Focus mode

Used to fix the focus point. All movement is relative to the pointer position. The user can rotate around the focus point and move closer and further from it. See Section Fixed Focus Mode - Mouse Operations). Fixed focus mode is best used in conjunction with the shortcut menu. See Section Direct Manipulation Using the Shortcut Menu) for quick snapping to elements.

Flythrough mode

Similar to walkthrough mode, except that movement of the observer is not restricted to the horizontal plane.

Classic mode

View manipulation operates as it did with Review version 6.1 or earlier. See appendix View Manipulation in Review 6.4 or Later for details. Slider Controls the speed at which zoom and walkthrough

operations take place. Move the slider control to the right to increase the speed. The speed is displayed to the right of the slider control.

(Click) In all modes, clicking the right-hand mouse button with the pointer over an object causes the shortcut menu to appear. See Section Direct Manipulation Using the Shortcut Menu.

(Drag) In all modes, pressing and holding down the left-hand mouse button causes the name and model coordinates of the element under the pointer to appear in the status line.

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5.1.2 Walkthrough/Flythrough Mode - Mouse Operations

(Click) The view centres on the object under the pointer.

(Drag) The model is rotated about the observer.

The observer walks forward and backwards along his line of sight.

(Drag) The observer pans in the direction of pointer movement, the camera view changes accordingly. The amount the camera is panned is proportional to the distance moved by the mouse from the button-down position during the drag.

An option on the Preferences form enables the pan directions to be inverted.

From the main toolbar select Tools > Options >Preferences to open the Preferences dialogue and then click Advanced Navigation.

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5.1.3 Walkthrough/Flythrough Mode - More on Rotating using the Mouse

Walkthrough mode enables rotation about the eye point. The amount to rotate the camera is defined by the distance travelled by the mouse during the drag operation. The camera rotates in the direction the mouse travels. Diagonal drags result in a compound rotation about the two axes (e.g. up and right).

Note: An option on the Preferences form enables the axis direction for up/down rotations to be inverted:

From the main toolbar select Tools > Options >Preferences to open the Preferences dialogue and then click Advanced Navigation.

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5.1.4 Walkthrough Mode - More on Walking

Walking forwards and backwards in Walkthrough mode is constrained to the horizontal plane, giving an intuitive way of navigating around the model. The direction to move is taken from the direction of the camera transposed onto the horizontal plane.