How To Write A Book On Information Science And Technology

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Reference management

(Harvard style – one interpretation)

• Purpose: Show your readers where you have found your

material.

• Reference lists are usually found on the last pages in

books and articles.

• There are several styles and versions. Consistency and

clarity are the basic virtues whichever style you use!

Compiled by Krister Johannesson. Updated 14.05.21

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Citations in the text

• Refer to works by stating the author's last name and

year of publication (e.g. Foster, 2005).

• If you quote a work, use quotation marks:

Thorlund Jepsen, Seiden, Ingwersen, Björneborn and

Borlund (2004) remind us that “the location and the

content of Web publications are easily changed” (p.

1240).

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Book references

Davies, Studer and Warren (2006) and Friberg (2012) have edited books (anthologies). Dawson (2005) and Zobel (2004) have written books. Davies et al. (2006) are more than two authors/editors.

... (Davies, Studer & Warren, 2006; Dawson, 2005; Friberg, 2012; Zobel, 2004) ... (Davies et al., 2006)

Davies, J., Studer, R. & Warren, P. (Eds.) (2006) Semantic web

technologies: Trends and research in ontology-based systems. Chichester: Wiley.

Dawson, C. W. (2005) Projects in computing and information systems: A student’s guide. Harlow: Addison Wesley.

Friberg, F. (red.) (2012) Dags för uppsats: Vägledning för litteraturbaserade examensarbeten (2:a upplagan). Lund: Studentlitteratur.

Zobel, J. (2004) Writing for computer science (2nd edition). New York: Springer.

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Electronic books

Burgess (2004) ... ... (Burgess, 2004)

Burgess, M. (2004) Analytical network and system administration electronic resource: Managing human-computer networks. Chichester: Wiley. Available at Internet: Ebrary [Retrieved 12.10.17].

In a Swedish text:

Burgess, M. (2004) Analytical network and system administration: Managing human-computer networks. Chichester: Wiley.

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Chapters and articles in edited books

Foster (2005) ... ... (Foster, 2005)

Foster, A. (2005) Nonlinear information seeking. In: K. E. Fisher, S. Erdelez & L. McKechnie (Eds.), Theories of information behavior

(ASIST Monograph Series, pp. 254-258). Medford, N.J.: Information Today.

In a Swedish text (“I”, not “In”; “s.”, not “pp.”):

Foster, A. (2005) Nonlinear information seeking. I: K. E. Fisher, S. Erdelez & L. McKechnie (Eds.), Theories of information behavior

(ASIST Monograph Series, s. 254-258). Medford, N.J.: Information Today.

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Conference papers

Jeyakumar and Shanmugavelayutham (2011) ... ... (Jeyakumar & Shanmugavelayutham, 2011)

Jeyakumar, G. & Shanmugavelayutham, C. (2011) Empirical measurements on the convergence nature of differential evolution variants. In: N.

Meghanathan, B. K. Kaushik & D. Nagamalai (Eds.), Advances in Computer Science and Information Technology: First International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology, CCSIT 2011, Bangalore, India, January 2-4, 2011: Proceedings, Part I

(Communications in Computer and Information Science 131, pp. 472-480). Berlin: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-17857-3_46

[in this case, the conference paper has been published in book form - cf chapters and articles in edited books]

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Journal article references

Thorlund Jepsen, Seiden, Ingwersen, Björneborn and Borlund (2004) have written an article. Thorlund Jepsen et al. are more than two authors. ... (Thorlund Jepsen, Seiden, Ingwersen, Björneborn & Borlund, 2004) ...

(Thorlund Jepsen et al., 2004)

Thorlund Jepsen, E., Seiden, P., Ingwersen, P., Björneborn, L. & Borlund, P. (2004) Characteristics of scientific Web publications: Preliminary data gathering and analysis. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 55(14), 1239-1249. doi:10.1002/asi.20079

[…, volume(issue [needed at least when page numbering starts again in each issue]), pages. doi [if available]]

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Electronic journal articles

Virkus (2003) ... ... (Virkus, 2003)

Virkus, S. (2003) Information literacy in Europe: A literature review.

Information Research, 8(4). Available at Internet:

http://informationr.net/ir/8-4/paper159.html [Retrieved 12.10.17]. In a Swedish text:

Virkus, S. (2003) Information literacy in Europe: A literature review.

Information Research, 8(4). Tillgänglig på Internet:

http://informationr.net/ir/8-4/paper159.html [Hämtad 12.10.17]. [in this case, there is no digital object identifier (DOI)]

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Reports

In a Swedish text:

Hersaeus och Svahn (2011) ... ... (Hersaeus & Svahn, 2011)

Hersaeus, E. & Svahn, R. (2011) Att införa IPv6 - internetprotokoll version 6: En praktisk vägledning. PTS-ER, 2011:18. Stockholm: Post- och telestyrelsen. Tillgänglig på Internet:

http://www.pts.se/upload/Rapporter/Internet/2011/Att_infora_i nternetprotokollet_IPv6_2011-11-16_.pdf [Hämtad 12.05.21]. [the title of the series has been added after the title of the report]

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Theses

Rosman and Fag (2013) ... ... (Rosman & Fag, 2013) In a Swedish text:

Rosman, A. & Fag, A. (2013) Ökat kvarboende genom ett modifierat basutformningsprogram: En fallstudie av

basutformningsprogrammet i Jönköpings kommun.

Kandidatuppsats, Högskolan i Jönköping, Tekniska Högskolan, JTH, Byggnadsteknik. Tillgänglig på Internet:

http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-21544 [Hämtad 13.09.13].

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Web pages

Municipalities with IPv6 (2014) ... ... (Municipalities with IPv6, 2014) In a Swedish text:

Municipalities with IPv6 (2014) Tillgänglig på Internet: http://www.kommunermedipv6.se/kipv6/ [Hämtad 14.05.21].

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Software

Skiljan (2013) ... ... (Skiljan, 2013)

Skiljan, I. (2013) IrfanView (Version 4.36) [Computer software] Wiener Neustadt: Irfan Skiljan. Available at Internet:

http://www.irfanview.com/ [Retrieved 13.12.03]. In a Swedish text:

Skiljan, I. (2013) IrfanView (Version 4.36) [Datorprogram] Wiener Neustadt: Irfan Skiljan. Tillgänglig på Internet:

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Movie clips

Learn how to use IrfanView and explore its features (2009) [Video file]. Avaliable at Internet:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vsfEY4IpDxc [Retrieved 13.12.04].

In a Swedish text:

Learn how to use IrfanView and explore its features (2009) [Videofil]. Tillgänglig på Internet:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vsfEY4IpDxc [Hämtad 13.12.04].

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Unpublished PowerPoint

presentation

Fisher, T. (2013) Ethics, management, and human resources [PowerPoint presentation]. Unpublished lecture.

Institutionen för kommunikation och information, Högskolan i Skövde. Available at Internet: https://scio.his.se/portal/

[Retrieved 13.12.03]. In a Swedish text:

Fisher, T. (2013) Ethics, management, and human resources [PowerPoint-presentation]. Opublicerad föreläsning.

Institutionen för kommunikation och information, Högskolan i Skövde. Tillgänglig på Internet: https://scio.his.se/portal/ [Hämtad 13.12.03].

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Personal communication

Personal communications are only cited in the text. This includes recollections and personal notes from lectures, where there is no written (e.g. PPT) presentation available to support the citation. In a lecture (T. Fischer, personal communication, November 14, 2013) it is stated that ...

In a Swedish text:

I en föreläsning (T. Fischer, personlig kontakt, 14 november, 2013) framhålls att ...

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Examples above are mainly based on Att skriva litteraturreferenser enligt Harvard-systemet by Martin G. Erikson.