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Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway

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Figure

Figure 1especially one capable of inflicting enough damage to disrupt or shut down essential The cytokine theory of disease
Figure 2Wiring of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway, which balances cytokine production
Figure 3Cholinergic signaling mediated by α7 nAChR in cytokine-producing cells. Cholinergic signals derived from vagus nerve stimulation inhibit the release of TNF, IL-1, HMGB1, and other cytokines by transducing a cellular signal that inhibits the nuclear
Figure 4The immunological homunculus. The CNS is organized somatotopi-

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