The Negative Consequences of Littering on a High School Campus Lenny Small
Abstract
The abstract begins here. You will talk about your research in its entirety within a page. 2 pages maximum. Everything should be double spaced and only bold what I have bolded in this example. If you look over all your scholarly sources on ProQuest, they should have abstracts that you can look over.
Please remember that an abstract is not just a singular paragraph. It will be multi-paragraphed because of all the topics you should be summarizing in here.
Please also note that APA format is similar to MLA because it still requires Times New Roman 12 point font, with 1” margins all-around and double spaced.
Introduction and History The Problem
The introduction and history should begin on its own page. Do not start under the abstract even if you only go over a page by a couple of lines.
Please don’t ever forget to indent your paragraphs. Here are some sentence starters for this section to help you: “The problem being focused on is….This must be focused on
because…” or you can use “The problem of…has been a major problem for – years and
continues to be a problem because…” Something like this is fine. Or start your own way.
Totally up to you.
Please note that the Introduction and History should roughly 1-2 pages. Honestly about a page and a half is average for this kind of paper but do what you need to get the paper
completed.
Why/How it began. Note that the level two heading is bolded with a period at the end and no other words are capitalized except the first word. Then the rest of this sentence starts right after the level two heading, just like how this example looks. It is a level 2 heading because it is under the “Problem” and discussing how or why the problem began. This should start how it shows here and not on a new page.
Who it affected and why. Here is a possible sentence starter for this part: “This problem of ___ has affected ___ because…”. This is also not a section to start a new page. It
should start directly below the section of “Why/How it began”.
Research Research Question
“Research” starts on a completely new page. That means, where ever your Introduction and History section ended, you skip all the excess space and start this on a new page.
Here you will be introducing your research question. This is not a place where you just write down your research question. You want to give a small understand of why this research question was developed and why it will be focused on. Possible sentence starters are: “Seeing that the problem of ___ is growing, a research question was developed to try and help this
situation. The research question being focused on will be…” If you look at scholarly journals,
you will see research sections and how they create research questions. You can look them over for help.
Possible solutions. Here you’re writing down the possible solutions that you have researched and found. A lot of this should be cited since it will be from sources you have read.
Chosen solution to focus on and why. This section will discuss which solution you want to try for Vanden out of all the solutions you listed above. Then you want to explain why you think it will be good for Vanden. Remember you shouldn’t be using “I” or “you” in this paper!
Plan of action. Here you will be writing about what your plan is on how to bring about the solution you chose. What you’ll be doing at Vanden, who you’ll be talking to, what you’ll be making or starting, etc.
Resources and supports needed. Here you will talk about the resources and
because the resources and supports are for the plan of action. You may need resources for this as well.
This will be your longest section, since it needs to be anywhere between 3-5 pages long.
Significance The Importance
Why the plan of action will be successful. The significance will be a whole new page. Here, you’re explaining why you believe that your plan of action that you created above will be successful. Think about the campus, how things are run, and the personality of the students. Really explain why you think your plan will work based on how the school is.
Why others should care. As the heading states, this part is about why everyone should care about this problem. Especially students at Vanden.
Possible impact on Vanden. Here, you will explain what you think may happen to Vanden as a whole (or how it will be affected) if your plan is put to action.
Possible obstacles. Here, you want to talk about the problems that you might possibly run in to with this plan based on the school and how it’s run. Will student morale be the problem? Funding? Enthusiasm? District? People? Think about the resources and supports you listed earlier. Can they also become obstacles? You may even need to look for more sources for this section. Not always, but you never know what you’ll find!
Overall importance. Here you are wrapping everything up and it will be very similar to a conclusion. This is going to be like a call to action. Explaining to others the value of this plan and why it’s really important to fix the problem that you’ve addressed in this paper and why others should help out.
References
Your references start here. I should be able to tell each reference based on the inverted indent, meaning that the second line of the source is indented, not the first, like this example. Every time you have a new source, it should start at the end and anything after should be
indented in, no matter how long it really is. So I’m writing a bunch of words here to show you that it needs to be invert indented every time, like how it is here.
Remember that all sources should be in alphabetical order by last name. If a source doesn’t have a last name, then go by the first word of the title.
