Research on Emerging Model of Weapon System Combat Capability Based on SD

2016 Joint International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Engineering (AICE 2016) and International Conference on Network and Communication Security (NCS 2016)

ISBN: 978-1-60595-362-5

Research on Emerging Model of

Weapon System Combat Capability Based on SD

Xin-Hua HE

_{, Wan-Lin LU}

_{, Qiang QU}

_{, Juan LIU}

1_{Department of Information Engineering,} Academy of Armored Forces Engineering, Beijing, China

a_{[email protected]}

*Corresponding author

Keywords: System Dynamics, Weapon System, Combat Capability, Emergence.

Abstract. Weapon system combat capability composed of many elements combat capability, the relationship between elements is very complicated, it is a complex system. Aiming at the whole emergence of weapon equipment system and the nonlinear characteristics of elements of combat capability, in this paper by introducing the system dynamics modeling method, establishes a emerging model of combat capability of weapon equipment system. And through the combat capability of the equipment in an Army's digital division for example analysis, verify the effectiveness of the method.

Introduction

Weapon equipment system is a complex system with a specific connotation, its combat ability is not only the linear superposition of the combat capability of each subsystem, but considering the subsystem structure and the interaction between the system of mutual influence, the emergence of weapon system overall combat capability [1].Between the system of weapon system is a kind of both independent and interrelated relationship, there is interaction, the interaction between the system, the emergence of new forms, new at the system level, is a new value of the overall combat capability. Whole emergence is one of the important characteristics of the system, is the system as a typical feature of higher levels of system shows. The present study on the combat capability of weapon system are mainly based on the "system" or "platform" as the center to carry out the whole emergence of the performance of the system is lack of scientific and effective measurement model has not been formed.Therefore, this article will system dynamics is introduced to generate system combat capability, to study the relationship between competence indicators, proposed a dynamic system of weapon system of systems combat capability based on emerging model, and carried on the example analysis and verification.

System Dynamics

Applicability of the Method

Weapon system combat capability has the characteristics of complex systems, that is, it lack of data, the complexity of the impact relationship, it is difficult to quantify and so on. So it is necessary to adopt the suitable theory method to construct the model. System dynamics has the advantage of solving this problem:

(1) The system dynamics theory is suitable for the study of nonlinear, high order, multi variable, multi feedback system problems, can be on the macro and micro level of complex system for a comprehensive study.

(2) The system dynamics emphasizes that the behavior pattern of the system is mainly determined by its internal dynamic structure and feedback mechanism, which is not sensitive to most of the parameters, and can be studied under the condition of lack of data.

(3) With the modeling tool of the complex system can be built system dynamics model specification, model in the form of intuitive, with good transparency, including the description of the relationship between some elements of the system structure model and corresponding mathematical description.

Basic Principle

The basic principle of system dynamics is through observation of the actual system, collect relevant information about the state of the system object, then use the information to make decisions. Can be summarized as: Four basic factors--The state or level, information, decision, action or logistics. Two basic factors-Level and Rate. One basic thought--Feedback control.

Modeling Procedure

The general steps of system dynamics modeling include: (1) system analysis: define the purpose of the model and analyze the object and scope of the system. (2) qualitative analysis: analyze the feedback structure of the system and establish the causality diagram. (3) quantitative analysis: according to the system causality diagram, the system flow diagram is established and the equation of the system is set up. (4) model simulation and correction: carry out simulation and calculation (Vensim software), evaluate and revise the model.

Construction of Weapon System Combat Capability Emerging Model Based on SD

System Analysis

Weapon system combat capability is produced through the component system. The ability of the system interaction through component system, the system capacity is not simple for the group system and the various components within the system but the interaction between systems, resulting in the emergence of integrated effect. System capacity is in the process of forming one of the emerging new combat capability [3]. The introduction of system dynamics modeling method is to better performance of the system operational capability of the emergence of characteristics. Weapon system operational capability is a complex system, in order to clearly describe the operational capability of weapon system, it needs to be divided into several interconnected subsystems. Described as follows:

(P, R)

P {P }

{ , , J K I}

i

S

i I

R r j J k K



 

    

In this formula: S is a system dynamics model for the emergence of combat capability of weapon equipment system; P as subsystem; R as a variable between subsystems.

capability, ECM capability and Fire distribution capability, Comprehensive support capability. As shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Index system of weapon system combat capability.

Qualitative Analysis

Qualitative analysis of the emergence of combat capability of weapon equipment system, mainly between the in-depth exploration of combat capability of weapon equipment system elements of the feedback structure and causality. Feedback structure and causality is not only a true portrayal of the internal relationship of the system, but also the foundation of the emerging model.

The emergence of the combat capability of weapon equipment system is not a static spontaneous energy increase, but follows the CAS theory and the evolution of the "stimulus response" model proposed by Holland [4]. Weapons and equipment system of this complex system, operational capability is the scale of the system energy. System energy should be in line with the law of energy conservation, the reason why the energy will be changed, because the input of the blue army weapons and equipment system information. On our army weapon equipment system acting is the blues weapon equipment system information, which led to the adjustment of our army equipment system [5]. Then, introducing the concept of information utility, the higher the quality of the information system of weapon equipment of our army weapon equipment system input, the greater the information utility, is our army weapon equipment system to adjust the greater intensity of the emergence combat capability.

Figure 2. The emergence of combat capability causal relationship diagram.

Quantitative Analysis

The quantitative analysis of the combat capability of weapon equipment system, mainly including the construction of the flow chart and the parameter equation.

(1) Defined variables. There are 3 types of the most important variables in the flow chart. Level: It is the accumulation of the internal flow of the system, which describes the internal state of the system. The status of a stream is controlled by its input stream and the size of the output stream. Rate: The rate of change of the flow position, the increase or decrease of the flow rate. Anxilary: Sets the variables between the flow and the flow variables. The basic parameters of emerging model of combat capability of weapon equipment system established in this article. As shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Basic variable table.

Type Name Meaning Name Meaning

Level ZC Reconnaissance intelligence capability DK ECM capability ZH Command and control capability HL Fire distribution capability TX Tactical communication BZ Comprehensive support capability Rate ZCL Change rate of reconnaissance intelligence capability DKL Change rate of ECM capability

ZHL Change rate of command and

control capability HLL Change rate of fire distribution capability TXL Change rate of tactical

communication capability

BZL Change rate of comprehensive support capability

Anxilary ZHCD XX The influence of information Information utility YX The emergence of combat capability utility to command and control

capability

HLCD The influence of information utility to fire distribution capability TXCD The influence of information

utility to tactical communication capability

BZCD The influence of information utility to comprehensive support capability DKCD The influence of information

utility to ECM capability

Figure 3. The emergence of combat capability flow diagram.

(3) Establish the equation. The parametric equation is used to describe the relationship between the parameters. The parametric equation can be directly determined or given by the correlation function, which can be a linear or nonlinear function relation:

(X , V , R , P )i i i i

dX f

dt 

Its differential form can be formed:X(t  t) X(t) f(X , V , R , P )i i i i t

In the formula: X as the state variable; V as the auxiliary variable; R for the flow rate variable; P for the parameter; t for the simulation time; t_{for the simulation step size.}

Simulation and Correction

On the platform of Vensim software, the simulation of combat capability of weapon equipment system of the emerging model, analysis the simulation results. To adjust the unreasonable parameters which exist in the model, and finally get the system dynamics model which can represent the emergence of the combat capability of the system.

Example Analysis

The above constructs the emerging model of combat capability of weapon equipment system based on system dynamics. In this paper, an Army's digital division equipment system as an example, the combat capability of the proposed system emerging model analysis and verification. Based on the combat ability of decomposition, the army's digital division of weapon system of systems combat ability by reconnaissance and intelligence capabilities, command and control ability, tactical communication ability, electronic confrontation, firepower maneuvering ability, comprehensive ability to protect the constitute and based on the analytic hierarchy process to determine the index weight, As shown in Table 2, the underlying index is 10 points to quantify.

Table 2. Weight of various capability.

Assessment item Weight

Reconnaissance intelligence capability 0.22 Command and control capability 0.18 Tactical communication capability 0.18

ECM capability 0.15

The following methods are used to evaluate the combat capability of the army's digital division of the weapon equipment system:

(1) Using the traditional index system evaluation method (Analytic Hierarchy Process);

(2) Using emerging model of weapon system combat capability which is proposed in this paper. The assessment result are shown in Figure 4, and the result data are shown in Table 3.

Figure 4. Assessment result.

Table 3. Result data. Method Reconnais

sance intelligen ce capability Command and control capability Tactical communic ation capability ECM capability Fire distributio n capability Comprehe nsive support capability Weapon system combat capability

AHP 7.932 8.295 7.805 7.838 7.921 7.818 7.945

Emerging

model 8.473 9.257 8.801 8.119 8.565 8.325 8.616

Figure 4 and Table 3 shows the two methods of evaluation results. As can be seen from the chart, the operational capability of the system is larger than that of the traditional linear evaluation results based on the system dynamics, this is due to the emergence of the model is based on the system operational capability of the feedback between the structure and cause and effect relationship, and its calculation results to a certain extent, the emergence of the overall response system.

After verification and equipment requirements multiple simulations against the exercise, the digital division of the Army's combat capability of weapons expert assessment was 8.7. Using the traditional evaluation method of combat capability, because it has neglected the relationship between system capacity, lack of combat capability of emergence of factors to consider, to assess the results of 7.945 evaluation results, emerging model proposed in this paper is 8.616, more appropriate to the actual.

Conclusion

References

[1] Hu X.F. On War System Engineering [M]. National Defense University Press, 2012. [2] Qian Y.G., Jia X.Q., Qian Y. System Dynamics [M]. Science Press, 2013.

[3] Si G.Y. War Complex System Simulation Analysis and Experimentation. National Defense University Press, 2008.

[4] Holland J.H. Emergence: From Chaos to Order [J]. 2000, 31(1):113-122.