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IT-Jogging “VMware”

11.06.2014

Thomas Schneider Senior Technical Instructor

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2 Juni 11, 2014

Agenda

VMware

vSphere

VMware Horizon Suite

VMware Operations Manager

VMware Virtual SAN

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Neuigkeiten

zu

VMware

vSphere

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Changes from vSphere 4.x That Affect vSphere

Installation

vSphere 5.x is a major upgrade from vSphere 4.x.

The following changes from vSphere 4.x affect vSphere installation and setup:

• Removal of the service console

• Removal of the VMware® ESX® graphical installer

• A single installer wizard for upgrades and fresh installations

• Installer caching

• Changes to partitioning of host disks:

• All fresh installations of vSphere 5.5 use the GUID Partition Table (GPT) format instead of the MS-DOS style of partitioning.

• Upgraded systems do not use the GPT format, but retain the MSDOS style of partitioning.

• New installations create a 4GB scratch partition.

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vSphere Web Client Architecture

The vSphere Web

Client architecture

consists of the following

components:

Client component:

Supported Web browser

Server component:

vSphere Web Client

Scalable, backend server

vCenter Server

Inventory Service

Web Browser Application Server vCenter Single Sign-On vSphere Web Client vCenter Server Inventory Service
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vSphere vMotion Enhancements

With vSphere 5.1 and later, you can migrate a powered-on

virtual machine (including memory and storage) with vSphere

vMotion, without the requirement for shared storage.

vSphere DRS still requires shared storage when performing

vSphere vMotion operations.

vSphere vMotion

vSphere Storage vMotion

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About vCenter Single Sign-On

vCenter Single Sign-On is an authentication service that secures the VMware cloud infrastructure platform.

vCenter Single Sign-On allows vSphere software components to communicate with one another through a secure token mechanism. AD Open LDAP vSphere Web Client Identity Sources vCenter Single Sign-On vCenter Server VMware® vCenter™ Orchestrator™ VMware® vCloud Director®

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Security Enhancement: ESXi Firewall

ESXi has a new firewall engine to provide access control to incoming connections on the management network.

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Virtual Hardware Features

vSphere 5.5 introduces virtual hardware version 10. Version 9 was introduced in vSphere 5.1 and version 8 in vSphere 5.0.

These features are available in versions 8, 9, and 10.

Features Benefits

Larger virtual machines: Virtualizes larger workloads, for 64 vCPUs (version 8 supports only 32 vCPUs), example, Microsoft Exchange Server,

1TB vRAM SQL Server, Oracle, and SAP.

Runs high-performance 3D graphics

Hardware-accelerated applications, for example, graphics 3D graphics and HD audio design and medical imaging.

Richer desktop experience.

Space-efficient, sparse virtual disks Storage efficiency.

USB 3.0 devices, smart-card readers, and

Broader device coverage. e1000e network adapters

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Virtual Hardware Version 10

These features are introduced in version 10.

Features Benefits

Larger VMDK files: maximum of 62TB Allows larger workloads to be virtualized

Support for Advanced Host Controller Supports CD/DVD drives, allowing Mac OS X Interface (AHCI) SATA controller guest operating systems to use them

120 SATA devices per virtual machine

Allows more SATA devices to be supported on

(up to 4 SATA adapters, 30 devices per a virtual machine

adapter)

Fixes the problem of being unable to boot from

LSI SAS support for Solaris 11 disk when you upgrade from Solaris 10 to Solaris 11

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Viewing Health Check Information

After you have enabled health check, you can view health check information for the distributed switch in the vSphere Web Client.

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14 Juni 11, 2014

O

Example of Network Health Check

ESXi ESXi

VMware vSphere® Distributed Switch™

Port Group Configuration: VLAN – 10 MTU – 9000 Team – Port ID Port Group Configuration: VLAN – 20 MTU – 9000 Team – IP hash Switch Port Configuration: VLAN – 10 MTU – 1500 Team – None Switch Port Configuration: VLAN – 10 MTU – 9000 Team – None

Physical Network Configuration Virtual Network Configuration

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Virtual Flash Resource

Combine local flash storage to create the virtual flash resource.

A virtual flash resource has the following characteristics:

• A file system used to group the physical SSDs into a single resource

• Invisible from the user interface

• Transparent to the virtual machine Configure the virtual machine’s virtual disk to use the virtual flash resource.

SSD

vSphere

Virtual Flash Resource

Flash Read Cache Infrastructure

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Flash Read Cache Limitations

Flash Read Cache has maximum configuration values:

SSD size: 4TB

Number of SSDs per virtual flash resource volume: 8

Number of virtual flash resource volumes per host: 1

Virtual flash resource volume size: 32TB

Cache size for each VMDK file: 400GB (minimum of 4MB)

Cache block size for a VMDK file: 1MB (minimum of 4KB)

Flash Read Cache has the following limitations:

Support for only locally attached SSDs

Write-through caching only

Not compatible with VMware vSphere® Fault Tolerance

Cannot share an SSD with Virtual SAN or a VMware

vSphere® VMFS datastore

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Mirroring

Architecture of

vSphere Storage

vMotion

In vSphere 5.x,

vSphere

Storage vMotion

uses a

disk-level, mirroring

architecture.

The changed

block tracking

Mirrored

mechanism is

Virtual Disk

not used.

Source Destination Host VMkernel) ( A block-level bitmap identifies modified blocks. Storage vMotion I/Os Written to Source and Destination Disks

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Datastore Datastore

About VMFS-5

VMFS-5 provides improvements in scalability and

performance over VMFS-3:

The datastore and a single extent can be greater than

2TB.

The maximum datastore size is 64TB.

The maximum virtual disk size is 62TB.

1MB file system block size, which supports files up to

62TB in size:

The file system subblock size is 8KB.

Efficient storage of small files:

Data of small files (less than or equal to 1KB) is stored directly in the file descriptor.
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Raw device mappings have the following maximum sizes:

Physical compatibility mode: 64TB

Virtual compatibility mode: 62TB

Upgrading to a VMFS-5 Datastore

You can upgrade a VMFS-3 datastore to a VMFS-5 datastore.

All ESXi hosts that need to access the datastore must first be upgraded to ESXi 5.x.

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About Datastore Clusters

A datastore cluster is a collection of datastores that are grouped together without functioning together.

A datastore cluster enabled for Storage DRS is a collection of datastores working together to balance capacity and I/O

operations per second (IOPS) latency.

Relationships Between Host

Clusters and Datastore Clusters

The relationship between host clusters and datastore clusters can be one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many.

One-to-One One-to-Many Many-to-Many

Datastore Cluster

TB 2

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Datastore Cluster Datastore Clusters Datastore Clusters

Performing a File-Level Restore

The vSphere Data Protection Restore Client enables an end user to restore individual files and directories in the virtual machine’s guest operating system.

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Files to restore from the mounted backup

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23 Juni 11, 2014

vSphere Replication

vSphere vSphere source target

vSphere

Replication

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vSphere Replication Architecture

Before you can replicate virtual machines, you must have the vSphere Replication server deployed at both the source site and target site.

Protected Site Target Site

ESXi Storage Storage Storage VR Appliance VR Management Server, VR Server vCenter Server VR Agent ESXi VR Agent ESXi VMDK1 VR Server (VMDK1) (VMDK2) VMDK2

vSphere Web Client

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How Replication Works

After ensuring that data is consistent at both the source and target sites, the vSphere Replication agent tracks all changed blocks by way of a vSCSI filter.

Changed blocks are replicated based on the RPO. A B C D E A B C D E VMDK Lightweight Delta TCP/44046 A C D Source Target VMDK Replica Redo Log ESXi VR Agent

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Managing vSphere Replication

The vSphere Web Client provides vSphere Replication summary

information and enables you to monitor and manage replication for each vCenter Server system in the inventory.

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vSphere Replication Compatibility with vSphere

vSphere Replication requires ESXi 5.0 or greater.

vSphere Replication functionality is available with the vSphere Web Client.

• vSphere Replication functionality is available with the VMware

vSphere® Client™ if you install VMware® vCenter™ Site Recovery

Manager™ with the plug-in.

vSphere Replication is incompatible with the following vSphere features:

• VMware vSphere® Fault Tolerance

• VMware® Virtual SAN™, with limitations

vSphere 5.x Enhancements to vSphere HA

Certain vSphere HA features have significantly improved in vSphere 5.x:

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• Single log file for operational, day-to-day logging

• Syslog integration

• Error and status reporting

• Recognition of VMware vSphere® Distributed Resource Scheduler™ VM-Host affinity rules

• Cluster status and advanced runtime information in the user interface

• Ability to deploy and reconfigure within seconds, regardless of cluster size

• Removal of dependencies on commonly misconfigured services, for example, DNS

• Host isolation response

• Admission control policies

Admission Control Policy: Reserving Number of Hosts

You can reserve a specific number of hosts to be used for virtual machines when a failover occurs.

(29)

The slot size is used to determine whether sufficient failover capacity exists.

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Master/Slave Architecture

When you create a vSphere HA cluster, a single host is

elected as the master host. The master host communicates with vCenter Server and monitors the state of all protected virtual machines and of the slave hosts. Management Network vCenter Server Shared Datastores vSphere HA Cluster vpxd Master Host Slave Host Slave Host vSphere HA Agent vSphere HA Agent vSphere HA Agent

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Master Host Failure

When the master host is placed in maintenance mode or crashes, the slave hosts detect that the master host is no longer issuing heartbeats. A new election must take place. vCenter Server Heartbeat Datastores NAS/NFS VMFS VMFS Management Networks Master Host MOID = 100) ( Slave Host MOID = 99) ( Slave Host (MOID = 98) ? VM A (Protected) VM D (Protected) VM E (Protected) The new master host restarts VM C and VM E on other hosts in the cluster. VM B (Protected) VM C (Protected) TMPL 1 A new master host is elected.
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vSphere ESXi Image Builder CLI Architecture

vSphere ESXi Image Builder CLI is used to manage software depots, image profiles, and VIBs.

vSphere Auto Deploy Architecture

vSphere Auto Deploy Server VMware vSphere® Update Manager™ Software Depot Image Profile 1 ESXi VIB Driver VIB OEM VIB Security VIB Image Profile 2 ZIP vSphere ESXi Image Builder CLI Windows Client Image Profile User-Created esxcli

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The vSphere Auto Deploy infrastructure consists of several components.

Placing the Host in the Cluster

The host is placed in the appropriate cluster, if specified by a rule.

vSphere Auto Deploy Server

ESXi Host Rules Engine Image Profile Public Depot Image Profile VIBs vCenter Server Host Profile

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ESXi Host

Cluster A Cluster B

vSphere Auto Deploy Server

Waiter

Rules Engine

Image Profile

Image Profile Name, Host Profile Name, Cluster Information

vCenter Server

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Juni 11, 2014 37

Horizon Mirage Solution Components

Remote Branch Site

Branch Reflector

WAN

Internet Horizon Mirage

Clients

Horizon Mirage Client Installed on Endpoints VPN User VPN User VPN User File Portal Load Balance r NAS Storage Volumes Data Center Administrator Horizon Mirage Management Console Horizon Mirage Management Server Horizon Mirage Server Cluster with File Portal

Horizon Mirage Clients Local Site

Reference Machine

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Juni 11, 2014 38

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System Dashboard

The System Dashboard node provides at-a-glance monitoring of system status and operations.

(40)

Horizon Mirage Layers

Horizon Mirage divides the desktop image into logical layers.

User Personalization Layer (user data and profile, installed

applications)

Machine Identity Layer (identity, customizations)

Horizon Mirage Application Layers

Base Layer

(OS, infrastructure software, core applications)

Driver Profile End-User PC

(41)

Single Image Management with Driver Profiles

This example displays how you can use a single base layer with different driver profiles to create images for specific brands of endpoint desktops.

Dell Drivers

Dell Laptops

Single HP Drivers

HP Laptops

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Lenovo Drivers Lenovo Laptops

Single Image Management with Base and Application

Layers

Using base layers, application layers, and driver profiles, Horizon Mirage provides single image management for up to 20,000 endpoints.

Finance Dell Drivers HP Drivers Apps HR Apps Up to 20 ,000

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Single

Base Layer

Windows 7

Antivirus Endpoints

Common Apps VMware Drivers

IT Apps

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43 Juni 11, 2014

Migration Challenges

Microsoft Supported Upgrade Paths Windows Vista Windows XP

Horizon Mirage Supported Migration Paths

Windows 7 Windows XP

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44 Juni 11, 2014

Use for endpoints with an up-to-date operating system but lacking applications and user data.

Use for endpoints with a fresh operating system that requires updates and no user data.

Use for a completely built endpoint that needs only user data.

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46 Juni 11, 2014

Role of Operations Management

Monitor Isolate Remediate

!

Problem Slow performance Config issue Rollback change Plan Optimize Automate Maintenance Utilization/forecast Reclaim capacity Orchestrate changes

Ensure and restore service levels.

Optimize for efficiency and cost.

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47 Juni 11, 2014

Do vCenter Server and esxtop Provide All Details

Needed?

What does this really mean? Why is it happening? What should you do?

(49)

vCenter Operations Manager: Dashboard

Overview

• Comprehensive dashboard

for cloud operations with health, risk, and efficiency scores

• Single tool to manage

performance and capacity

across multiple vCenter Server systems

Benefits

• End-to-end visibility into

cloud infrastructure health

• Proactive incident

avoidance

• Optimize for efficiency and

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vCenter Operations Manager vApp: Disk Configuration

Disk 2 and all other disks added are data disks.

2+ vCPU GB RAM 9+

Disk 1 is the system disk.

2+ vCPU GB RAM 7+ UI VM Disk 1 GB 8 Disk 2 GB 120+

vCenter Operations Manager 5.0 vApp

logical volume manager (LVM) Analytics VM Disk 1 8GB Disk 2 120+ GB LVM

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vCenter Operations Manager UI: Two Use Cases

Immediate problems •What is happening now? •What needs my attention?

Operations Short- and long-term capacity

Forward-looking

Capacity concerns I should be aware of?

Are system component s deployed and configured optimally?
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vCenter Operations Manager: Major and Minor Badges

High-level overview • Calculated from scores of minor badges • Specifics • Guidance 3 major badges 8 minor badges
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53 Juni 11, 2014

vCenter Operations Manager: User Interface

inventory

pane main area/dashboard

badge pane

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54 Juni 11, 2014

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Details

Workload badge focus: datastore example latency space available IOPS throughput

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57 Juni 11, 2014

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vCenter Operations Manager Default UI: Infrastructure Badge Thresholds

Adjust levels to

userdefined settings.

Click the Configuration

link to access

Infrastructure Badge

Thresholds.

Set infrastructure and

virtual machine

thresholds separately:

Capacity problems for

a host requires more

warning than for a

virtual machine.

Disable the color threshold by clicking the level off.

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60 Juni 11, 2014

vSphere Storage Protocol Feature Comparison

Storage Protocol Supports Boot from SAN Supports vSphere vMotion Supports vSphere HA Supports vSphere DRS Supports Raw Device Mapping Fibre Channel ● ● ● ● ● FCoE ● ● ● ● ● iSCSI ● ● ● ● ● NFS ● ● ● DAS ● ● Virtual SAN ● ● ●

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About Virtual SAN

vSphere 5.5 offers experimental support for Virtual SAN, which is software-defined storage.

Virtual SAN aggregates direct-attached storage disks of ESXi hosts and creates a storage pool that can be used by virtual machines.

Virtual SAN has the following benefits:

• vSphere and VMware® vCenter Server™ integration

• Storage scalability

• Built-in resiliency

• SSD caching

• Converged compute and storage resources

Virtual SAN Architecture

With Virtual SAN, multiple ESXi hosts are grouped to form a Virtual SAN cluster.

(63)

Object-Based Storage

Virtual SAN stores and manages data in the form of flexible data containers called objects.

vSphere

Virtual SAN Cluster

Disk Group Disk Group Disk Group

Virtual SAN Datastore

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Virtual SAN Cluster

Virtual SAN is a cluster feature. This feature is integrated with VMware® ESXi™ to create a distributed RAID.

Virtual SAN Cluster

vSphere

Disk Group Disk Group Disk Group

Virtual Machine’s Metadata Files VMDK File VMDK File

Object Object Container Object

(65)

Virtual SAN Datastore

The Virtual SAN datastore is an object store solution that is created using disk groups from hosts in a cluster. The capacity of the datastore is a

(66)

Virtual SAN Minimum Requirements

Virtual SAN clusters require:

• Three ESXi 5.5 Update 1

hosts contributing local disks

• Hosts to be managed by VMware® vCenter Server™ 5.5 Update 1. Virtual SAN

ESXi cluster members require:

• A dedicated 1Gb Ethernet NIC connected to a single L2 network with multicast (IGMP Snooping) enabled

5.9TB

Virtual SAN Cluster

GB 200 2TB 200GB TB 2 GB 200 2TB SSD HDD

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• VMkernel ports that are enabled by Virtual SAN

•All hardware must be validated to

 support Virtual SAN by using the VMware Compatibility Guide

One SAS/SATA/PCIe SSD

One SAS/NL-SAS/SATA HDD

One 1Gb/ or 10Gb NIC

SAS/SATA Controllers or RAID Controllers that work in pass-through or RAID0 mode

(68)

Virtual SAN Networking

Virtual SAN introduces a new VMkernel port property named Virtual SAN traffic.

•  Virtual SAN cluster hosts must have a Virtual SAN traffic-enabled VMkernel port connected to a virtual switch.

ESXi A ESXi B ESXi C

Virtual SAN Network

VMkernel port enabled for Virtual SAN traffic Standard Switch VMkernel port enabled for Virtual SAN traffic Standard Switch VMkernel port enabled for Virtual SAN traffic Standard Switch

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Virtual SAN Network Traffic Flow

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Cluster Summary Tab

The Virtual SAN area of the cluster Summary tab in the vSphere Web Client shows common information about your Virtual SAN configuration.

(72)

Magnetic Disk Failures

In this scenario, a single magnetic disk behind a host participating in a Virtual SAN cluster is lost. Virtual SAN starts copies of degraded

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Juni 11, 2014 74

VMware Zertifizierungen

7 3

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Juni 11, 2014 75

VMware Kurse

vSphere 5.5: Install, Configure, Manage

 

Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner

 

Kursinhalt: Installation, Konfiguration und Verwaltung von VMware vSphere 5.5

 

Empfohlen bei allen VMware vSphere Lizenzen bis zur Enterprise (keine Enterprise+ Funktionen werden behandelt)

 

Prüfung: berechtigt zur VCP5-DV

 

Dauer: 5 Tage

7 4

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Juni 11, 2014 76

VMware Kurse

vSphere 5.5: Whats New

 

Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner

 

Kursinhalt: Neuerungen in VMware vSphere 5.5

 

Empfohlen für Teilnehmer, die sich einen Überblick über die Neuerungen in Version 5.5 verschaffen wollen    Prüfung: -   Dauer: 2 Tage 7 5

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Juni 11, 2014 77

VMware Kurse

vSphere

5.5: Fast Track

 

Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner

 

Kursinhalt: Installation, Konfiguration und Verwaltung von VMware vSphere 5.5

 

Empfohlen für Teilnehmer, die sogut wie alle Funktionen von VMware vSphere 5.5 kennenlernen wollen. Es werden u. a. auch Enterprise+ Funktionen behandelt.

 

Prüfung: berechtigt zur VCP5-DV

 

Dauer: 5 Tagemit deutlich längeren Kurszeiten

7 6

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Juni 11, 2014 78

VMware Kurse

vSphere

5.5: Troubleshooting Workshop

 

Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner

 

Kursinhalt: Fehlerbehebung mit sehr vielen praktischen Labs

 

Empfohlen für Teilnehmer, die im täglichen Arbeitsalltag schnell auf Fehler in VMware vSphere reagieren müssen. Vorteil von diesem Kurs sind die vielen praktischen Labs während des Kurses.

 

Prüfung: berechtigt zur VCP5-DV

 

Dauer: 5 Tage

7 7

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Juni 11, 2014 79

VMware Kurse

vSphere

5.5: Optimize & Scale

 

Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner

 

Kursinhalt: Es wird detailiert jede Komponente behandelt (Netzwerk, Storage, CPU, Arbeitsspeicher,…). Zudem werden viele Kommandozeilentätigkeiten durchgeführt. Der Kurs richtet sich mehr an Teilnehmermit Enterprise+ Funktionen.

 

Empfohlen für Teilnehmer, die ihre VMware Infrastruktur skalieren wollen. Zudem mit dem Einsatz von Enterprise+ Funktionen und Automatisierung.

 

Prüfung: berechtigt zur VCP5-DV

 

Dauer: 5 Tage

7 8

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Juni 11, 2014 80

VMware Kurse

vSphere

5.5: Skills for Operators

 

Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner

 

Kursinhalt: Es werden imAlltag benötigte Funktionen von vSphere vorgestellt. Das Ziel ist es in zwei Tagenzu wissen, wie man Grundfunktionen von VMware vSphere anwenden kann.

 

Empfohlen für Teilnehmer, die nur einen groben Überblick der Administrationsmöglichkeiten bekommen wollen.

   Prüfung: -   Dauer: 2 Tage 7 9

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Juni 11, 2014 81

VMware Kurse

vSphere 5.x: Design Workshop

 

Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner, Systemarchitekten

 

Kursinhalt: Es werden Möglichkeiten und Empfehlungen für das Planen von einer VMware vSphere Umgebung gezeigt.

 

Empfohlen für Teilnehmer, die für Planung von Rechenzentren verantwortlich sind.

   Prüfung: -   Dauer: 3 Tage 8 0

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Juni 11, 2014 82

VMware Kurse

Horizon View 5.2 : Install, Configure, Manage

 

Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner

 

Kursinhalt: Es wird die Installation, Konfiguration und Verwaltung von VMware Horizon View behandelt. Der Teilnehmersollte dann in der Lage sein, eine Umgebung für

Desktopvirtualisierung zu betreiben.

 

Empfohlen für Teilnehmer, die das erste Mal mit VMware Horizon View Erfahrungen sammeln wollen.    Prüfung: VCP-Desktop    Dauer: 4 Tage 8 1

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Juni 11, 2014 83

VMware

Kurse

VMware Virtual SAN: Deploy and Manage

 

Zielgruppe: Administratoren, Partner

 

Kursinhalt: Es wird die Installation, Konfiguration und Verwaltung von VMware Virtual SAN behandelt. Der Teilnehmersollte dann in der Lage sein, die Umgebung mit vSAN zu betreiben.

 

Empfohlen für Teilnehmer, die das erste Mal mit VMware Horizon View Erfahrungen sammeln wollen.    Prüfung: -   Dauer: 2 Tage 8 2

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Vielen

Dank

Thomas Schneider

Senior Technical Instructor

References

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