Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade
Joint Workshop on Trade Facilitation and the Single Window
Module 2: Analysis and description of existing business
processes related to foreign trade activities
2.1. Introduction to UML: Use-Case Diagram
Somnuk Keretho, PhD
Director, Institute of IT Innovation
Kasetsart University, Bangkok
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Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow @Somnuk Keretho, PhD
Objectives of this session
To have a
basic understanding of business
process modelling
, particularly the usefulness of
Unified Modeling Language (UML)
To be able to
read
and
understand
the meaning
of
Use-Case Diagrams
To have some skills in
developing Use-Case
Conducting a BPA Project in 3 Phases
1.
Defining Scope of
and
Planning
a BPA Project
2.
Capturing
and
Modelling
the
As-Is Process
3.
Analyzing
Findings of the BPA and
Proposing Recommendations
for Improvement
(Proposing the
To-Be Process
)
Ref: Business Process Analysis Guide to Simplify Trade Procedures, Updated 2012,
UNESCAP/UNECE. http://unnext.unescap.org
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Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow @Somnuk Keretho, PhD
Business Process Modeling
What is it?
A technique for documenting a business process and its attributes
Activities that come in a specific order and decision points
Actors who perform those activities
Defined inputs and outputs of each activity
Criteria for entering and exiting the business process
Relationships among actors
Information flow
Associated rules and regulations
Quantitative indicators such as number of steps as well as time and
cost required to complete a particular business process
Why it is needed?
To establish a common understanding about a business process that
is shared by all relevant parties
Unified Modeling Language (UML)
A set of standard graphical notations for
documenting a business process and business
requirements
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Modeling_Language
Is widely recognized and
used among practitioners in
business community as well
as those in IT and software
industry
Allows business domain
experts to communicate
procedural and documentary
requirements with IT
implementation or software
development team
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Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow @Somnuk Keretho, PhD
Two types of UML Diagrams
proposed to be used for BPA
Use Case Diagram
A frame of reference illustrating a
high level business process and its
associated actors
Activity Diagram
A detailed elaboration of a use case
diagram
A graphical representation of a
business process and its attributes
Activities that come in a specific
order and decision points
Actors who perform those activities
Defined inputs and outputs of each
activity
Criteria for entering and exiting the
business process
Relationships among actors
Information flow
Buy - Conclude
sales contract and
trade terms
Exporter or
Representative
Importer
Quote price
and term of trade
Confirm the
intent to purchase
Proforma Invoice
Purchase Order
Not acceptable
Acceptable
Cancel
Prepare the shipment
of goods
Exporter or
Why we should use Use-Case Diagram?
We propose that “Use-Case Diagram”
should be used to
defining the scope of a BPA project,
because it helps us to communicate well
the BPA scope
with precise and clear understanding
by visualizing main procedures
and stakeholders involved.
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Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow @Somnuk Keretho, PhD
Based on the outcome of desk research,
Identify key business processes and name it using a descriptive
verb phrase
Identify stakeholders
Identify relationships between stakeholders and key business
processes
Drawing a Use Case Diagram
Clear goods
through customs
Handle
Container and stow
it on vessel
Exporter or
Representative
Customs
Haulage
Inland
Authority
Port
(Shipping Line)
Carrier
Clear goods
through customs
Handle
Container and stow
it on vessel
Exporter or
Representative
Customs
Port
Authority
Carrier
(Shipping Line)
Inland
Haulage
Department
of Fisheries
Where there are many
business processes of the
same category,
may be used to group
them together.
An Example – Scope of a BPA Project (exportation of shrimps)
(precisely illustrated with a Use Case Diagram)
2.9) Prepare
documents required
by importers
2.6)
Stuff container
and transfer to port of
departure
1) Buy
3) Pay
2.4) Apply for
cargo insurance
2.5) Prepare and
submit customs
declaration
2.1)
Have
product sampled
and examined
2.7) Clear goods
through customs
2.8) Handle
Container and stow
it on vessel
Exporter or
Representative
Importer
Exporter’s
Bank
Importer’s
Bank
Customs
Department of
The Central Islamic
Committee Office Thailand
Port
Authority
Department of
Consular Affairs
Insurance
Company
Carrier
(Shipping Line)
Inland
Haulage
Department
of Fisheries
Authorized Private
Inspector
2) Ship
Customs’
Bank
…
Boundary
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Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow @Somnuk Keretho, PhD
Practical Exercise 4
– Precisely defining the scope of the BPA project with Use-Case Diagram -
Working within your small group:
Collect more detailed information about the selected
scope of the BPA project, and
Identify all
actors
[stakeholders/agencies involved]
Identify all
use cases
[key business processes]
Identify their
relationships
[which actors are associated
with which actors]
Draw the
Use Case Diagram
which defines the scope
