Journal: Answer in
5-8 sentences!
•
What is biology?
•
How does biology affect behavior?
•
What are some examples of how
biology effects behavior?
•
What are some ways that biology
Chapter 3:
The
Central Nervous
System
Peripheral Nervous
System
•
Nerve cells that
send messages
•
Central nervous
Neurons
•
Nerve cells
•
Carry messages
Every neuron consists of
a cell body, dendrites,
Dendrites- thin fibers that receive
Axon-
carries messages
away
•Only one Axon
per neuron
•Covered in
Myelin- white fatty
Axon Terminals-
small
Synapse
ACTIVITY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
•The title of the drawing should be “Neuron” •Draw and color a drawing of a neuron.
•Label all of the following parts:
Journal
•
What are FIVE characteristics
that you have inherited from
your parents? (physical,
emotional, etc.)
•
How do these things effect your
Central Nervous
System
Neurons of
the spinal
Peripheral Nervous
System
•Responsible for
transmitting
messages between the Central Nervous System and all parts of the body.
•2 parts- somatic &
Somatic Nervous
System
•
Transmits sensory messages to the
Central Nervous System
•
Activated by touch, pain, changes
Autonomic Nervous
System
•Regulates the body’s
vital functions, such as heartbeat, breathing, digestion, and blood pressure
•We don’t have to think
about these activities, they happen naturally
Parts of Autonomic
Nervous System
Parasympathetic
• Activates tranquil functions • Minimizes energy use of body • Ex. “Rest and Digest”
Sympathetic
• Stimulation of activities that prepare the
body for action
• Ex. increasing the heart rate, pupils
dilating
• Generally considered as fight-or-flight
responses
The
BRAI
1.
Hindbrain
•
Lower portion of the brain
•
Involved in many vital
Medulla
Oblongat
a-Vital
functions
such as
heart rate,
blood
pressure,
and
breathing
Lower half of
the brain
Pons
•
Front of the
medulla
•
Regulates body
movement,
Cerebellum- “Little Brain”
•
Involved in
2.Midbrai
n
•
Vision and
learning
•
Ex. Eye
3.
Forebrain
•
Complex
thinking
processes
•
Four key
Part 1 of Forebrain-
Thalamus
•“relay station”
for sensory stimulation
•Messages go
through
Thalamus to get to higher levels of the brain
•Sensory
Part 2 of Forebrain-
Hypothalamus
•“Hypo”- under •Under Thalamus
•Regulation of body
temperature,
storage of nutrients, and various aspects of motivation and emotion
•Sexual behavior,
Part 3 of Forebrain- Limbic
System
•
In charge of
learning and
memory,
Part 4 of the Forebrain-
Cerebrum
•
Largest part
of the
human
brain
•
Only in
human
beings is
Cereb
ral
Cortex
•
Outer layer
of Brain
•
The part
Corpus Callosum-
Pituitary Gland-
secretes
and stores hormones
Hormones- a natural substance that is produced in the body and that influences the way the body grows or develops
Information received by one side of the body is transmitted to the
Most of
the
Other areas include
association areas- shape
information into something
1.
Accidents
•Accidents and the
amount of brain
2. Electrical Stimulation
of the Brain
•
Electrodes
implanted to
light up and
3. EEG-
Electroencephalogram
4. Scans
•Use computers to generate images of the brain
from various sources of information
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
ENDOCRINE
ENDOCRI
NE
SYSTEM
•
Consists of
glands that
secrete
hormones
What are hormones?
Thyroid Gland
Adrena
l
Glands
•Outer layer
secretes cortical steroids- increase resistance to stress and promote
muscle
Testes and
Ovaries
Testes (Men)•
Produce
testosterone- male
sex hormone
Ovaries (Women)•
Produce estrogen
Heredity-
transmission of
Chromosom
es
•Made up of
thread-like molecules
•This is
where
Chromosomes are composed of
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
•Form of a
double-helix
•Human cells
contain 46
chromosomes
that are organized into 23 pairs
•Each pair has one
Nature versus Nurture
Debate
•
Debated role of biology in determining
A Killer’s Brain http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=wzqmbZ3gZ9E&safe=active
Mad Science: Eugenics and Selective Breeding
http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=gWur8Rbc3hc&safe=active
North Carolina Eugenics Board