Joe Gazdula
What about this?
Or this?
One last one
Modern Origins
How We Think (1933)
1. Suggestions, in which the mind leaps forward to a possible
solution.
2. An intellectualization of the difficulty or perplexity that has
been felt (directly experienced) into a problem to be solved.
3. The use of one suggestion after another as a leading idea, or
hypothesis, to initiate and guide observation and other
operations in collection of factual material.
4. The mental elaboration of the idea, or supposition as an idea
or supposition (reasoning, in the sense in which reasoning is a
part, not the whole, of inference).
5. Testing the hypothesis by overt, or imaginative action.
Obvious Critiques of Cycles
1. Cause superficial reflection as it doesn’t refer to critical
thinking / analysis reflection.
2. Don’t take into consideration assumptions that you may
hold about the experience, the need to look objectively at
different perspectives,
3. There doesn’t seem to be an explicit suggestion that the
learning will result in a change of assumptions,
Conceptual critiques – Forrest (2012)
"The idea of a nice set of neat learning stages does not equate to most people's
reality. The problem is that a number of processes can
occur at once and stages can be jumped or missed
out completely.“ "The inventory has been used within a fairly limited range of
(mainly Western) cultures and thus the assumptions that underpin the Kolb and Fry model are Western. There is a need to consider the different cultural models of selfhood." "The experimental research base for the model was small, and there have been only a few further
studies."
“Several commentators suggest that the learning styles are too simplistic and,
1. Experiential Learning Theory’s definition is a dramatic distortion of the very epistemological fundaments it references.
2. All four modes are not required for learning to take place, and demonstrates that this component of the theory is rife with inherent contradiction and inconsistency.
3. Dialectic tension is not a viable mechanism for mediating modes of learning
Webb concluded the Kolb Model was unviable.
So!
"A major criticism of Kolb's experiential learning cycle is that any or all of the four phases he identifies could occur simultaneously (Jeffs and Smith,
1999)
And
“in a digital age, it is now increasingly obsolete. It served its purpose in the 'instructional design' period of e-learning development where 'stand
alone' Computer Aided Training (CBT) content was king, but we have moved on. Social learning processes are showing greater promise than isolated learning, and we now have the tools to capitalise on the human
My Research findings
88 Students on placement = Better academic attainment and
deep learning.
Findings
•
Students had space to learn.
•
They learned when under ‘optimum pressure.’
•
They learned from small, sometimes seemingly
insignificant but critical events
Conceptual Ideas
• Jones, et al., (2012) argues transformative learning may be
particularly relevant in the case of experiences
• transformative learning (Mezirow, 2000; Jones, et al., 2012; Illeris,
2007) allowed experiences in one place to be apply in another e.g. Work - Exams
• This creates deep learning (Moon, et al., 2013)
• Students developed and apply knowledge and skills to improve their
self-efficacy and general confidence. This in turn can be linked to improved academic performance (Bandura, 1986; Higson, 2008).
•
But they were only going to do the things they did on their
New Model of Learning
A new model approach to help these students
conceptually recognise and reflect on their unique
learning experiences
Dewey
Later work argues:
An Open Learning Cycle
How to do Microreflections
Early Stages but:
Wordpress Blog (Max 20 words)
Social Media
Forums
Text
Etc
etc
See:
https://
Summary Proposition
•
More and more difficult to cycle round a concept
more than once
•
New models need to be found for single events
•
Open learning ‘cycles’ are the answer
•
They have supporters and detractors
•
New media needs to be incorporated into reflections
•
Reflections should be little and often to maximise the
transformative learning going on everday in society
•
Early results indicate low take up on Wordpress but
References
Dewey, J. (1933). How we think: A restatement of the relation of reflective thinking to the educative process. Boston: D.C. Heath and Company.
Gazdula, J. Atkin, C. (2016) Enterprise Placements: Five factors which support learning and attainment in socially motivated students, Journal of Research in Further and Higher Education (Decision Pending)
Kolb. D. A. and Fry, R. (1975) Toward an applied theory of experiential learning. in C. Cooper (ed.) Theories of Group Process, London: John Wiley
Pedler, M., Burgoyne, J. and Boydell, T. (1991, 1996) The Learning Company. A strategy for sustainable development, London: McGraw-Hill.
Schön, D.A. (1983). The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. New York: Basic Books
Wheeler S. (2012)Recycling Kolb posted on his blog: "Learning with 'e's My thoughts about learning technology and all things digital.“ Experiential
learning articles + critiques of David Kolb's theoryhttp://
References 2
Wright, T. (1936) Factors Affecting the Cost of Aeroplanes,
Journal of Aeronautical Science Vol 2 Iss. 3 pp 122-128.in
