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Modified In-School Off-School Approach Modules (MISOSA)
Distance Education for Elementary Schools
SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
MAKING TITLES FROM THE
MAIN IDEA USING
SYNOMYMS AND ANTONYMS
Revised 2010
by the Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS),
DepEd - Division of Negros Occidental
under the Strengthening the Implementation of Basic Education
in Selected Provinces in the Visayas (STRIVE).
This edition has been revised with permission for online distribution through the Learning Resource Management Development System (LRMDS) Portal
Section 9 of Presidential Decree No. 49 provides:
“No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Republic of the Philippines. However,
prior approval of the government agency or office wherein
the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of
such work for profit.”
GRADE IV
MAKING TITLES FROM THE MAIN IDEA
USING SYNOMYMS AND ANTONYMS
GETTING READY
In this module, you will be reading stories and paragraphs in order to:
- make a title from the given main idea - Identify synonyms and antonyms
Start reading now.
GRADE IV
The fox saw a crow resting on a tree.
The crow had a piece of cheese between its beak. His friend fox wanted to get the cheese.
He praised the crow for having a sweet voice. He asked the crow to sing. When the crow began to sing, the piece of cheese fell to the ground. The fox said, “Stop singing. All I wanted is the piece of cheese.” The crow felt sad but he learned a lesson.
He said, “I will be careful in believing kind words and praises given by others.”
REVIEW TIME
Read these sentences.
GRADE IV STUDY TIME
Are you watching the program “ Maalaala Mo Kaya? No title is given to each episode. As you watch the events of the story presented, you will be able to think of a little to it.
If anyone reads to you a story, without mentioning the title, can you give the title after the story is told?
If you going to give a title to his paragraph what will it be?
a. The Wise Fox
b. The Cheese of the Crow c. The Fox and the Crow
“The Fox and the Crow” is a good title for the paragraph. It tells about the characters of the story. It gives us an idea of what the story is about.
Which of these sentences give us the main idea of the story?
a. The crow was resting on a tree. b. The fox wanted to eat cheese.
c. The crow started to sing and the cheese fell. d. The crow felt sad for losing the cheese.
Is your answer letter d?
The main idea of the paragraph is best expressed in sentence d. All the other sentences are related to that sentence. It summarizes the ideas presented t
in the other sentences.
GRADE IV
One day two young wild ducks, looking for food saw the turtle. They stopped and talked to the turtle who was happy because she found the ducks to be very friendly. They seemed to be willing to listen all day to her stories. The turtle’s neighbors tried to warn the ducks about her being very talkative but the ducks seemed to enjoy the turtle’s chatter. The next day they visited the turtle again and soon they were good friends.
Main Idea Title or Topic
The crow felt sad for how the crow lost the cheese. losing the cheese.
GRADE IV
The main idea of this paragraph is – “The turtle and the wild ducks became good friends.”
Possible titles for topics that we can get from this main idea are:
1. The Turtle and the Ducks
2. how the Turtle and the Ducks Became Friends
Study the chart. These are examples of titles or topics taken from the main idea.
Main Idea Titles or Topics
1. Plants and insects help each other 2. Plants grow in land, water and air.
3. There are animals that can live both on land and in water
4. Growing children need go, grow and glow foods
5. Man needs food, shelter and clothing
What Plants and Insects Do Where Plants Grow
Where Animals Live
Foods for Growing Children
The Needs of Man
GRADE IV
PRACTICE TIME
Read the following paragraph. Give the main idea and the title or topic for each paragraph. Write your answer in your notebook.
1. Air is all around us. We can feel it everywhere we go but we cannot see it. We can’t live without air. Plants and animals need air too. All living things need air order to live.
Main Idea: Title:
2. Bees work so hard that they actually kill themselves working. A bee often labors about six weeks and the dies. This does not affect the bee colony, because a young worker immediately takes the place of the dead one. The product of the bees’ hard work is honey.
Main Idea: Title:
3. Ants eat different kinds of food. Some ants eat seeds. Other ants gather the juices from the flowers and stems of plants. Still others eat dead insects.
Main Idea: Title:
4. Six blind men were walking down the road one day. They wanted to know how and elephant looks like. Since they were all blind they imagined how an elephant looked like by touching a part of an elephant. One of them touched the side of an elephant and said that the elephant is like a wall. Another one said that the elephant is like a fan for he touched the ear of an elephant. Each one of them had their own description how an elephant looked like.
Main Idea: Title:
5. Soap plays an important part in our lives in many ways. it keeps us clean and free from disease. When we wash our hands and body with soap, the dirt and other germs are washed away. Many diseases caused by germs can be prevented with the use of soap.
GRADE IV
Here are some words and sentences taken from the paragraphs.
A. Soap keeps our body clean. Soap keeps our body fresh. Soap keeps our body pure.
The words clean, fresh and pure have the same meaning as used in the sentences.
B. The blind man wanted to know how an elephant looked like. The blind man wanted to understand how an elephant looked like. The blind man wanted to see how an elephant looked like.
The words know, understand and see have the same meaning.
Here are common words you often used that have the some meaning.
beautiful-pretty bright-intelligent collect-gather finish-stop big-large allow-permit
Words that have the same meaning are called synonyms.
There are also words that do not have the same meanings. These words are called antonyms.
Read the sentences.
My hands are clean but my feet are dirty. My bag is big but her bag is small.
The words clean and dirty as used in the sentences have opposite meanings. Big and small have opposite meanings.
GRADE IV
Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings. Example: old-new; narrow-wide
Synonyms are words that have the same meanings. Example: famous-popular; Happy-glad
Synonyms and antonyms make paragraphs and stories interesting to read. A good paragraph expresses one main idea.
A topic or a title can be drawn from the main idea.
KEEP IN MIND
A. Can you think of an antonym to complete the sentence? Write your answer in your notebook.
1. Nena’s hair long; Fe’s hair is ______.
2. The test in Filipino is easy; the test in Math is _____. 3. Carabaos walk slow; horses walk ______.
GRADE IV
B. Give the antonyms of the underlined words in the following sentences. Choose your answer from the list below. Write your answer in your notebook.
fake tight strange sour smooth arrived light low lazy
expensive
1. The ant is an industrious insect; the grasshopper is a ______ one. 2. The school building is high; the house is ____.
3. My mother’s necklace looks genuine but actually it is ______. 4. Guavas are cheap but mangoes are _____.
5. Mangoes are sweet but oranges are ____. 6. The bus departed when we ______.
7. Stone is heavy, but cotton is _____.
8. Baguio City is a familiar place; Surigao is ____ to me.
9. The road to the barangay hall is rough; the road to the city is ______. 10. Mother’s dress is loose; my dress is ______.
C. Choose the synonyms of the underlined word from the words inside the parenthesis. Write your answer in your notebook.
1. The Filipino soldiers bravely fought their enemies. (courageously, strongly, slowly)
2. Their enemies were prevented from entering their camp. (stopped, allowed, ordered)
3. They were given honors by their generals. (money, awards, houses)
4. The soldiers were excited to receive the awards. (unhappy, ashamed, eager)
GRADE IV
D. Complete the words below. They are the synonyms of the given words.
1. allow
2. small
3. wealthy
4. final
5. donate
6. success
7. ill
8. keep
9. soon
10. erase
Work on the mini-puzzle below by giving the synonym asked for.
1. Across: synonym of odor
Down: synonym of turtle’s house
2. Across: synonym of arise
Down: synonym of factory
P R M T N
I H E D G V T I U
I K
P H D
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Q I K R M V
GRADE IV TEST YOURSELF
A. Read and answer the questions for each of the following paragraphs.
1. The City of Manila is one of the tourist spots in our country. One tourist attraction is the sunset at Manila Bay. Another tourist attraction is the Fort Santiago. This is the place where Jose Rizal was imprisoned. Rizal Park is also another attraction in Manila. This is the place where Jose Rizal was shot by the Spaniards. A monument of Dr. Jose Rizal is found here. It was formerly called Bagumbayan. This is beautiful park where the people usually go on weekends. Malacañang Palace, the residence of the President of the Philippines, is also found in Manila.
1. What does the paragraph tell?
a. it is about the city of Manila b. it tells about the tourist attraction. c. it tells about Malacañang Palace.
2. Which of these sentences expresses the main idea of the paragraph? a. Rizal Park is a tourist attraction
b. The City of Manila is a tourist spot in our country c. Rizal Park was formerly called Bagumbayan. 3. What title can you give to this paragraph?
a. Sunset at Manual Bay b. The City of Manila c. Tourist Spots
2. The Badjaos are Msulim Filipino who spends most of their time in the sea. They live in still houses along seashores. Some families live in boathouses. Most of them have their own vintas that sail swiftly across the sea.
1. What is the main idea at this paragraph? 2. What title can you give for the main idea?
B. Give a little for the following main idea. Write your answer in your notebook.
1. Children sell sampaguita garlands.
2. Baguio is the famous for its beautiful scenery.
GRADE IV
C. Copy the synonym of the word at the left from the words inside the parenthesis. Write your answer in your notebook.
1. correct (join, invite, right, release)
2. ancient (angry, useful, antique, valuable) 3. acquire (lose, need, desire, obtain)
4. decorate (decide, build, despair, beautify) 5. expert (skillful, exact, extra, export)
D. Give the antonym for each row of synonyms.
Example: Cheerful, gloomy, merry, jolly Answer: gloomy
1. brave, fearless, bold, coward, daring
2. enough, scarce, sufficient, plenty, abundant 3. follower, head, leader, chief, captain
4. great, big, huge, large, tiny
5. cruel, brutal, inhuman, kind, savage
E. Copy the word inside the parenthesis that best fits the meaning of the sentence.
1. (huge-large) There was a ____ crowd during the Independence Day parade. 2. (street-raod) Mr. Cruz lives in San Juan____.
3. (tiny-small) The ___ girl sits in front.
4. (warm-hot) The baby wears thick clothes to keep her body ___. 5. (icy-cool) The climate is ___ during the rainy season.
6. (build-construct) The ants ___ their anthill near the mango tree. 7. (need-want) I ___ one can of milk for the salad.
8. (great-famous) Banaue Rice Terraces is one of our ___ tourist spots in our country.
9. (collect-gather) The Grade IV pupils ____ pictures of different kinds of birds. 10. (finish-stop) The pupils ___ the test early.
