LNG Process Presentation

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LNG Process Presentation

Objectives

•

To know How is LNG is made

•

To know the Major Process Flow of How the

LNG is processed

•

To know the function of each Major Equipment

that required in process to make LNG

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Contents

• LNG PROCESS DESCRIPTION

− Onshore Gas and Condensate receiving (Unit-16)

− Condensate Stabilization (Unit-11)

− Acid Gas Removal (Unit-21/22)

− Dehydration/Mercury removal (Unit-31/32)

− Gas Liquefaction/Fractionation (Unit-41/42)

− Refrigerant Circuit (Unit-051/52)

• LNG PROCESS SCHEMATIC

• PROCESS EQUIPMENT GENERAL ARRANGEMENT, FUNCTION AND DESCRIPTION

LNG PROCESS DESCRIPTION

• Onshore Gas and Condensate receiving (Unit-16)

− Onshore Receiving Facility is to receive three-phase feed stocks from upstream production facilities, separate this into Gas, Hydrocarbon Liquid and Water Phases and Accommodate Liquid Slugs produced during non-steady operations.

• Condensate Stabilization (Unit-11)

− Condensate Stabilizer is to stabilize hydrocarbon condensate coming from ORF (unit-16), Dehydration and Mercury Removal (unit-31) and Acid Gas Removal (unit-21) to meet the product o specification such as Reid vapor pressure (Max 0.77 kg/cm2_{[email protected]}o_{C) and also butane} content (0.5 5 liquid volume max)

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LNG PROCESS DESCRIPTION (CONT’D-1)

• Acid Gas Removal (Unit-21/22)

− Acid Gas Removal is to remove Carbon Dioxide and Sulfur

component in Feed Gas prior to Gas entering liquefaction unit. CO2 has no heating value and would freeze at low temperature in

Cryogenic Process. Furthermore due to their Acidic/Corrosive Nature, Removal of CO2 and Sulfur enables the use of regular Carbon steel in downstream equipment and piping instead of corrosion resistance alloys.

• Dehydration/Mercury (Unit-31/32)

− Dry the Sweet Gas from the Acid Gas Removal Unit 021/022 before being sent to Liquefaction unit.

− Remove residual Mercaptans and Sulfur Compounds in Sweet Gas to meet the total Sulfur Specification in LNG Product (this is required if the sulfur content in Sweet/ Treated Gas leaving AGRU exceeds the Maximum Design Limit)

LNG PROCESS DESCRIPTION (CONT’D-2)

• Gas Liquefaction/Fractionation (Unit-41/42)

− Gas Liquefaction/Fractionation Unit is to liquefy a Natural Gas to produce Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Refrigerant Make-up components, and Condensate Product Streams.

• Refrigerant Circuit (Unit-051/52)

− Refrigerant Unit is to cool and liquefy the Feed Gas in the 041-E-1001 Main Cryogenic Heat Exchanger (MCHE) by maintaining the

temperature approach on the Warm and Colds end to MCHE

− Propane refrigeration (four levels) provides chilling about -15o_C

for Natural Gas Feed and -32o_{C for the MR system and}

Fractionation Unit.

− Mixed Refrigerant (MR) refrigeration provide Low temperature refrigeration to produce LNG in MCHE. There are two GE Frame 7EA GT driving refrigerant Compressor. One for LP & MP MR and Second for HP MR & Propane Compressor.

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041-E-1001 MCHE Warm Bundle Middle Bundle Cold Bundle CONDENSATE 016-D-1009/10 Liquid accmulator 016-D-1006/07 Gas Scubber 016-D-1004 Cond/Water Separator 011-T-1001A/B Condensate Stabilizer 021-T-1001 Acid Gas Adsorber 031-D-1002A Dehydration Drum 031-F-1001 Regen Gas Heater 031-D-1002B Dehydration Drum 031-D-1002C Dehydration Drum 031-D-1004 Mercury Removal HP SG (-37 OC) HP LNG (-153 O_C) MP LNG (-153 O_C) MR VAPOR (-157 O_C) MR LIQUID (-124 O_C) MR LIQUID (-124 O_C) JT VALVE

FEED GAS SWEET GAS

041-E-1003 LP C3 Chiller 041-E-1002 MP C3 Chiller 041-T-1001A Scrub Column SWEET GAS (22 O_C) SWEET GAS (-15 O_C) 041-GC-1001 051-GC-1001 MR liquid Expander LNG (-153 O_C) 071-TK-1001 LNG Storage Tank 076-TK-1001 Condensate Storage Tank FEED GAS (VORWATA-A/B) 051-C-1004 HP MR Comp 051-C-1001 C3 Refrigerant Compressor 051-CS-1001 Steam Turbine 051-C-1002 LP MR Comp 051-C-1003 MP MR Comp 051-CS-1002 Steam Turbine MR VAPOR (-37 OC) MR VAPOR (41 O_C) 051-E-1007 051-E-1009 051-E-1010 051-D-1010 HP MR Separator MR LIQUID (-32 O_C) MR VAPOR (-32 O_C) LEAN AMINE RICH AMINE AMINE REGENERATION REGENERATION GAS HP SWEET GAS (-70 OC) HP SG (-70 O_C) 051-CG-1001 Gas Turbine 051-GC-1002 Gas Turbine 016-D-1001/02 Slug Catcher 051-D-1007 LP MR Comp Suct. Drum 051-E-1006 HP MR After Cooler LLP C3 LP C3 MP C3 HP C3 DISCH 041-T-1001B Scrub Column 041-T-1002 Deethanizer 041-T-1003 Depropanizer 041-T-1004 Debutanizer CONDENSATE BUTANE RECYCLE (45 O_C) MP LPG REINJECTION (-32 O_C) Acid Gas Incinerator BOG 071-C-1001A/B BOG Compressor 041-D-1001 Scrub Column Reflux Drum 031-D-1001 Dehydration Precooler Separator 021-D-1004 Feed Gas K.O. Drum 051-E-1008 HP C3 MP C3 MP C3 BOG LP C3 MP C3 LP C3 MP C3 SWEET GAS F/ 021-T-1001 SWEET GAS TO 031-D-1001 MP C3 C3 MAKE-UP HP C3 VAPOR MR VAPOR (-153 O_C) HP C3 031-E-1001 031-E-1001

LNG Process Schematic

016-D-100 SLUG CATCHER

• Separate into GAS and MIXURE OF HYDROCARBON LIQUID and WATER

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016-D-1006/07 GAS SCRUBBER

• Separate Vapor (Sour Natural Gas) and Condensed Water

• A Vessel designed to handle streams with High Gas to Liquid Ratios. The Liquid is generally entrained as mist in the Gas or is free-flowing along the pipe wall. These vessels usually have a small liquid collection section.

016-D-1009/10 LIQUID ACCUMULATOR

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016-D-1004 CONDENSATE WATER SEPARATOR

011-T-1001 A/B CONDENSATE STABILIZER

COLUMN

• To stabilize the Hydrocarbon Condensate from ORF, Dehydration and Mercury Removal and Acid Removal that are combined

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021/022-D-1004 FEED GAS KNOCK-OUT DRUM

• To separate any Heavy Hydrocarbon that might be condensed. By removing Heavy Hydrocarbon upstream the absorber, the foaming tendency of Amine Circulation system can be Minimized.

021/022-T-1001 ACID GAS ABSORBER

• To remove CO₂ from the Feed Gas by chemical reaction between MDEA and water to obtain protonated species and bicarbonate. The

absorption is a accelerated by fast reaction between CO₂ and

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031/032-E-1001 DEHYDRATION PRECOOLER

• The Sweet Gas is cooled down to 22o_{C by HP Propane Refrigerant. The}

temperature is above the Hydrate Formation and Maximizes amount of Water Condensed prior entering Molecular Sieve Beds.

031/032-D-1001 DEHYDRATION PRECOOLER

SEPARATOR

• To separate Gas, Water and Small amount of Heavy Hydrocarbon

condensed. Liquid Hydrocarbon are sent to Condensate Stabilizer, While water is sent to Skimmer

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031/031-D-1002A~C DEHYDRATION DRUM

• To adsorb Water and Sulfur by using Molecular Sieve Beds to meet Gas Dryness Specification of less than 0.1 ppmv and Total Sulfur

031/032-D-1004 MECURY REMOVAL

• To remove Residual Mercury from the Gas to very low concentration of 0.01 micrograms/Nm^3, using

Non-regenerable Sulfur Impregnated Carbon Bed with the Gas in down-flow.

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041/042-E-1002 FEED GAS/MP C3 CHILLER

• The Sweet Gas is cooled down from 22 o_{C to 1.39} o_{C by MP Propane}

041/042-E-1003 FEED GAS/LP C3 CHILLER

• The Sweet Gas is cooled down from 1.39 o_{C to -14} o_{C by MP Propane}

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O41/O42-T-1001A/B SCRUB COLUMN

• Benzene and other Heavy HC are removed from Natural Gas to avoid Freeze-Up in the Final Liquefaction steps and to comply with LNG Specification

• Sufficient Feed Gas component are provided for further processing in the Fractionation Unit to produce HC components for Refrigerant make-up of the Refrigerant System.

041/042-D-1001 SCRUB COLUMN REFLUX DRUM

• To separate Vapor Stream of Sweet Gas from Warm Bundle of MCHE prior introduce to Middle and Cold MCHE . Liquid Stream is used for Reflux for Scrub Column O41-T-1001

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041/042-E-1001 MAIN CYROGENIC HEAT

EXCHANGER

051-C-1002/1003 LP/MP MR COMPRESSOR

51-C-1002 51-C-1003

51-CS-1002

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051-C-1001/1004 REFRIGERANT COMPRESSOR

51-C-1004 51-C-1001 51-CS-1001 51-GC-1001 L L P L P M P H P

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