Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Section

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IMPRESSED CURRENT CATHODIC PROTECTION

2.0 CONTENTS

2.1 Silicon Iron Anodes 2.1 Silicon Iron Anodes

2.1.1 Silicon Iron Rod Anodes 2.1.1 Silicon Iron Rod Anodes 2.1.2 Silicon Iron Tubular Anodes 2.1.2 Silicon Iron Tubular Anodes

2.2 Mixed Metal Oxide Anodes 2.2 Mixed Metal Oxide Anodes

2.2.1 Mixed Metal

2.2.1 Mixed Metal Oxide Tubular AnodesOxide Tubular Anodes 2.2.2 Mixed Metal Oxide Ribbon Anodes 2.2.2 Mixed Metal Oxide Ribbon Anodes 2.2.3 Mixed Metal Oxide Wire Anodes 2.2.3 Mixed Metal Oxide Wire Anodes 2.2.4 Mixed Metal Oxide Mesh & Ribbon Mesh 2.2.4 Mixed Metal Oxide Mesh & Ribbon Mesh Anodes Anodes 2.2.5 Mixed Metal Oxide Anode Accessories 2.2.5 Mixed Metal Oxide Anode Accessories 2.2.6 Mixed Metal Oxide Ribbon Mesh Canister 2.2.6 Mixed Metal Oxide Ribbon Mesh Canister Anodes Anodes 2.2.7 Mixed Metal Oxide Discrete Mesh Anodes 2.2.7 Mixed Metal Oxide Discrete Mesh Anodes

2.3 Other ICCP anodes 2.3 Other ICCP anodes

2.3.1 Magnetite Anodes 2.3.1 Magnetite Anodes 2.3.2 Graphite Anodes 2.3.2 Graphite Anodes 2.3.3 Platinised Titanium Anodes 2.3.3 Platinised Titanium Anodes

2.4 Transformer Rectifiers 2.4 Transformer Rectifiers

2.4.1 Air Cooled / Oil Cooled TR's 2.4.1 Air Cooled / Oil Cooled TR's 2.4.2 Remote Monitoring For TR's 2.4.2 Remote Monitoring For TR's

2.5 Junction Boxes 2.5 Junction Boxes

2.5.1 Positive / Negative / Bond Junction Boxes 2.5.1 Positive / Negative / Bond Junction Boxes

2.6 ICCP Accessories 2.6 ICCP Accessories 2.6.1 Wellhead Assemblies 2.6.1 Wellhead Assemblies 2.6.2 Carbonaceous Backfill 2.6.2 Carbonaceous Backfill 2.6.3 Cable XLPE/PVC 2.6.3 Cable XLPE/PVC 2.6.4 Cable

2.6.4 Cable XLPE/PVC/SWXLPE/PVC/SWA/PVCA/PVC 2.6.5 Cable PVDF / HMWPE 2.6.5 Cable PVDF / HMWPE 2.6.6 Cable Halar / HMWPE 2.6.6 Cable Halar / HMWPE 2.6.7 Cable HMWPE 2.6.7 Cable HMWPE 2.6.8 Vent Pipe 2.6.8 Vent Pipe 2.6.9 Casing Pipe 2.6.9 Casing Pipe

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REVISION 1

APPLICATION

Marine Structures, Seawater Intakes, Deepwell Groundbeds, Horizontal Groundbeds, Distributed Anodes, T

Marine Structures, Seawater Intakes, Deepwell Groundbeds, Horizontal Groundbeds, Distributed Anodes, Tank ank

Internals & Tank Bottoms. Suitable For Use In Soils, Mud, Carbonaceous & Petroleum Coke Backfill; Fresh, Brackish

and Sea Water.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

CONSUMPTION RATES

CABLE CONNECTION

SILICON IRON ANODE DATA

Silicon Silicon Manganese Manganese Carbon Carbon Chromium Chromium Iron Iron Normal Normal 14.50% 14.50% 0.75% 0.75% 0.85% 0.85% – – Remainder Remainder Chrome Chrome 14.50% 14.50% 0.75% 0.75% 0.95% 0.95% 4.50% 4.50% Remainder Remainder Normal Alloy Normal Alloy Chrome Alloy Chrome Alloy 0.5 kg/Amp/year 0.5 kg/Amp/year 0.2 kg/Amp/year 0.2 kg/Amp/year Typical Rates Typical Rates

With Heatshrink Sleeve

With Heatshrink Cap

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Type Type 36/2.0 36/2.0 36/2.5 36/2.5 36/3.0 36/3.0 48/2.0 48/2.0 48/2.5 48/2.5 48/3.0 48/3.0 60/2.0 60/2.0 60/2.5 60/2.5 60/3.0 60/3.0 60/4.5 60/4.5

REVISION 1

CABLE TYPES

Available cable types include : XLPE/PVC, HMWPE, PVDF(Kynar), XLPE/PVC/SWA/PVC, EPR/CSPE

STANDARD ANODE TYPES AND WEIGHTS

CANISTERED ANODES

A A (in) (in) 36 36 36 36 36 36 48 48 48 48 48 48 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 B B (in) (in) 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 4.5 4.5 C C (in) (in) 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 (m (m22₎₎ 0.16 0.16 0.20 0.20 0.23 0.23 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.25 0.25 0.32 0.32 0.38 0.38 0.55 0.55 (ft (ft 22₎₎ 1.70 1.70 2.1 2.1 2.50 2.50 2.20 2.20 2.70 2.70 3.30 3.30 2.70 2.70 3.40 3.40 4.0 4.0 5.90 5.90 (kg) (kg) 14.50 14.50 22.30 22.30 31.40 31.40 19.10 19.10 28.60 28.60 40.90 40.90 22.70 22.70 35.90 35.90 50.00 50.00 99.10 99.10 (lbs) (lbs) 32 32 49 49 69 69 42 42 63 63 90 90 50 50 79 79 110 110 218 218 S Suurrffaacce e AArreeaa AApppprroox x WWt t Standard Sizes Standard Sizes 150mmDia x 1500mm L 150mmDia x 1500mm L 200mmDia x 2000mm L 200mmDia x 2000mm L 250mmDia x 2000mm L 250mmDia x 2000mm L Standard Gauges Standard Gauges 1.0mm 20bg 1.0mm 20bg 1.2mm 18bg 1.2mm 18bg 1.5mm 18bg 1.5mm 18bg

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REVISION 1

APPLICATION

Marine Structures, Seawater Intakes, Deepwell Groundbeds, Horizontal Groundbeds, Distributed Anodes, T

Marine Structures, Seawater Intakes, Deepwell Groundbeds, Horizontal Groundbeds, Distributed Anodes, Tank Internalsank Internals

& Tank Bottoms (not recommended for large diameter tanks). Suitable For Use In Soils, Mud, Carbonaceous & Pet Coke

Backfill; Fresh, Brackish and Sea Water

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

TECHNICAL DATA

SILICON IRON TUBULAR ANODE DATA

Silicon Iron

Silicon Iron ASTM A518 – ASTM A518 – 86 Grade 86 Grade 33

Silicon Silicon Manganese Manganese Carbon Carbon Chromium Chromium Copper Copper Molybdenum Molybdenum Iron Iron 14.20 – 14.75% 14.20 – 14.75% 1.50% Max 1.50% Max 0.75 – 1.15% 0.75 – 1.15% 3.25 – 5.00% 3.25 – 5.00% 0.50% Max 0.50% Max 0.20%Max 0.20%Max Remainder Remainder

Tensile Strength (1/2”Dia bar)

Compressive Strength Compressive Strength Brinell Hardness Brinell Hardness Density Density Melting Point Melting Point 15,000 psi 15,000 psi 100,000 psi 100,000 psi 520 bhn 520 bhn 7.0 gr/ml 7.0 gr/ml 2,300 ˚F 2,300 ˚F

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REVISION 1

STANDARD ANODE TYPES, WEIGHTS, DIMENSIONS AND OUTPUTS

Average Wt

Type

Type ApproxApprox

Area Area Outside Outside Dia Dia Inside Inside Dia Dia Length Length 31 31 46 46 63 63 85 85 110 110 MS-1 MS-1 MS-2 MS-2 MS-3 MS-3 MS-4 MS-4 MS-5 MS-5 14.1 14.1 20.9 20.9 28.6 28.6 39.2 39.2 49.9 49.9 2.4 2.4 4.0 4.0 4.9 4.9 6.9 6.9 8.7 8.7 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 71 71 58 58 71 71 96 96 124 124 2.8 2.8 2.3 2.3 2.8 2.8 3.8 3.8 4.9 4.9 45.7 45.7 35.6 35.6 45.7 45.7 74.4 74.4 99.0 99.0 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.8 2.9 2.9 3.9 3.9 1067 1067 2134 2134 2134 2134 2134 2134 2134 2134 42 42 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 1.5-2.0 1.5-2.0 3.0-4.0 3.0-4.0 3.5-5.0 3.5-5.0 6.0-7.0 6.0-7.0 6.0-8.5 6.0-8.5 l lbbss kkggss fft t 22 _m_m22 _m_m_m_m _i_i_n_n _m_m_m_m _i_i_n_n _m_m_m_m _i_i_n_n Nominal Nominal Discharge Discharge Amps Amps

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S Suubbssttrraattee TTiittaanniiuumm AASSTTMM BB333388 GGrraaddee 11 oorr 22 C Cooaattiinngg IIrrOO₂₂/Ta/Ta₂₂OO₅₅ C CooaattiinnggMMeetthhoodd MMuullttiippaasssstthheerrmmaallddeeccoommppoossiittiioonnooffpprreecciioouussmmeettaallssaallttsstteecchhnniiqquuee D Diiaammeetteerr 2255..44mmmm W Waallll TThhiicckknneessss 00..9900mmmm Co

ConnsusumpmptitioonnRaRatete 00.5.5--44.0.0mmg/g/A/A/yryrddeepependndiingnguupoponnCPCPaappplplicicatatioionncconondidittioionnss

U

Uttiilliissaattiioonn FFaaccttoorr DDiimmeennssiioonnaallllyy SSttaabbllee

W

Woorrkkiinngg EEnnvviirroonnmmeenntt SSuuiittaabbllee ffoorr CCll₂₂&O&O₂₂orcombinationofbothorcombinationofboth

OperatingCharacteristics OperatingCharacteristics Coatingloadingcanbeadjustedforspecificlifetime/currentdensityrequirement Coatingloadingcanbeadjustedforspecificlifetime/currentdensityrequirement

REVISION 1

APPLICATION

MarineStructures,SeawaterIntakes,DeepwellGroundbeds,HorizontalGroundbeds,DistributedAnodes,TankInternals MarineStructures,SeawaterIntakes,DeepwellGroundbeds,HorizontalGroundbeds,DistributedAnodes,TankInternals &TankBottomsSuitableForUseInSoils,Mud,Carbonaceous&PetCokeBackfill;Fresh,BrackishandSeaWater &TankBottomsSuitableForUseInSoils,Mud,Carbonaceous&PetCokeBackfill;Fresh,BrackishandSeaWater

TUBULAR MMO ANODE DATA

Environment Environment CarbonaceousBackfill CarbonaceousBackfill CalcinedPetroleumCoke CalcinedPetroleumCoke Freshwater Freshwater BrackishWater BrackishWater Seawater Seawater MaxCurrentDensity MaxCurrentDensity (A/m (A/m22₎₎ 50 50 100 100 100 100 100-300 100-300 600 600 Life Life (Years) (Years) 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20

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REVISION 1

STANDARD ANODE TYPES, DIMENSIONS AND OUTPUTS

Soil(withcarbonbackfill) Soil(withcarbonbackfill) S-2.5/50 S-2.5/50 S-2.5/100 S-2.5/100 FreshWater FreshWater FW-2.5/50 FW-2.5/50 FW-2.5/100 FW-2.5/100 SeaWater SeaWater SW-2.5/50 SW-2.5/50 SW-2.5/100 SW-2.5/100 Mud(*) Mud(*) M-2.5/50 M-2.5/50 M-2.5/100 M-2.5/100 BrackishWater(**) BrackishWater(**) BW-2.5/50 BW-2.5/50 BW-2.5/100 BW-2.5/100 mm mm 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 inches inches 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 mm mm 500 500 1000 1000 500 500 1000 1000 500 500 1000 1000 500 500 1000 1000 500 500 1000 1000 inches inches 19.7 19.7 39.4 39.4 19.7 19.7 39.4 39.4 19.7 19.7 39.4 39.4 19.7 19.7 39.4 39.4 19.7 19.7 39.4 39.4 (Ampsfrom5-70˚C) (Ampsfrom5-70˚C) 4 4 8 8 4 4 8 8 25 25 50 50 2-4 2-4 4-8 4-8 (Ampsfrom10-70˚C) (Ampsfrom10-70˚C) 4÷12 4÷12 8÷24 8÷24 (Ampsfrom0-5˚C) (Ampsfrom0-5˚C) 2 2 4 4 2 2 4 4 5 5 10 10 1.5 1.5 3 3 (Ampsfrom0-10˚C) (Ampsfrom0-10˚C) 2÷6 2÷6 4÷12 4÷12 T Tyyppe e OOD D LLeennggtthh CurrentOutput CurrentOutput (Typical) (Typical) CurrentOutput CurrentOutput (Typical) (Typical) (*)Currentoutputsinmuddependonsiteconditions(seamudorrivermud,etc) (*)Currentoutputsinmuddependonsiteconditions(seamudorrivermud,etc) (**)Currentoutputsinbrackishwaterdependonsiteconditions&chlorideconcentrations. (**)Currentoutputsinbrackishwaterdependonsiteconditions&chlorideconcentrations.

NOTES

•

•CoatingloadingmaybeCoatingloadingmaybeadjustedtosuitaparticularcurrentdensityordesignadjustedtosuitaparticularcurrentdensityordesignlifelife

•

•Standardanodesaredesignedfor20yearlife,however,designStandardanodesaredesignedfor20yearlife,however,designlifeofuptolifeofupto50yearscanbecateredfor.50yearscanbecateredfor.

•

•TubularMMOanodestringscanTubularMMOanodestringscanbesuppliedtoClientsspecificrequirements.besuppliedtoClientsspecificrequirements.

•

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REVISION 1

APPLICATION

Reinforced Concrete Structures &

Reinforced Concrete Structures & TTank Bottomsank Bottoms

STANDARD ANODE TYPES, DIMENSIONS AND OUTPUTS

APPLICATION

RIBBON MMO DATA

Substrate Substrate Coating Coating Coating Method Coating Method Width (Nom) Width (Nom) Thickness (Nom) Thickness (Nom)

Standard Coil Length

Standard Coil Weight

Surface Area of Ribbon

Consumption Rate Consumption Rate Utilisation Factor Utilisation Factor Working Environment Working Environment Operating Characteristics Operating Characteristics

Titanium Conductor Bar

Substrate

Sand & Concrete

Titanium ASTM B338 Grade 1

IrO

IrO₂₂/T/Taa₂₂OO₅₅

Multi pass thermal decomposition of precious metal salts technique

0.25” (6.35mm) 0.25” (6.35mm) 0.025” (0.635mm) 0.025” (0.635mm) 250’ (76.22m) 250’ (76.22m) 2.5lbs (1.12kg) 2.5lbs (1.12kg) 0.014m 0.014m22_/m_/m

0.5 - 4.0 mg/A/yr depending upon CP application conditions

Dimensionally Stable

Suitable for Cl

Suitable for Cl₂₂ & O& O₂₂ or combination of bothor combination of both

CURRENT OUTPUT IN FINE SAND

12.8mA/ft (42mA/m) when operating at a current density of

0.278A/ft

0.278A/ft 22 _(3A/m_(3A/m22_)._).

50 year design life when operating at a current density of

0.278A/ft

0.278A/ft 22 _(3A/m_(3A/m22_)._).

CURRENT OUTPUT IN CONCRETE

0.45mA/ft (1.5mA/m) when operating at a current density of

10.19mA/ft

10.19mA/ft 22 _(110A/m_(110A/m22_)._).

100 year design life when operating at a current density of

10.19mA/ft

10.19mA/ft 22 _(110A/m_(110A/m22_)._).

Width: 0.50” (12.7mm); Thickness: 0.035” (0.9mm)

Coil length: 250’ (76.22m); Coil Weight: 8.5lbs (3.8kg)

Titanium ASTM B 265 Grade 1

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REVISION 1

APPLICATION

T

Tank Bottoms, ank Bottoms, TTank Internals, Pipeline Internals, Canistered ank Internals, Pipeline Internals, Canistered Anodes, Continuous Horizontal Groundbeds,Anodes, Continuous Horizontal Groundbeds,

Discontinuous Horizontal Groundbeds, Shallow Vertical Groundbeds, Deep Anode Groundbeds.

STANDARD ANODE TYPES, DIMENSIONS AND OUTPUTS

Available in two standard sizes, with two standard current ratings. Other sizes and rating are available upon request.

MMO Wire Anode consists of solid titanium wire which meets ASTM B348 Grade 1 or 2 standards, that has been

coated with Mixed Metal Oxide.

PIGGYBACK WIRE ANODE SYSTEMS

For use on pipelines, the product comprises Mixed Metal Oxide Wire Anode material “piggybacked” to a cable at

predetermined intervals (to aid current distribution and attenuation). The wire and cable is contained within a cotton

sock filled with calcined petroleum coke breeze backfill. The Piggyback Sock Anode is placed alongside the pipeline with

suitable lengths of cable at each end of the loop allowed for termination into a junction box.

PIGGYBACK WIRE SOCK ANODE SYSTEMS

For use on pipelines, the product comprises Mixed Metal Oxide Wire Anode material “piggybacked” to a cable at

predetermined intervals (to aid current distribution and attenuation). The wire and cable is contained within a cotton

sock filled with calcined petroleum coke breeze backfill. The Piggyback Sock Anode is placed alongside the pipeline with

suitable lengths of cable at each end of the loop allowed for termination into a junction box.

WIRE ANODES ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE

1.5mm

1.5mm diameter diameter : : 75,537 75,537 microhms/ft microhms/ft / 24/ 247,821 7,821 microhms/mmicrohms/m

3.0mm di

3.0mm diameter ameter : : 18,884 18,884 microhms/ft microhms/ft / 6/ 61,954 1,954 microhms/mmicrohms/m

Approximate electrical resistance @ 25ºC. Mechanical properties are based on typical room temperature.

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REVISION 1

TYPICAL CABLE TO WIRE SPLICED CONNECTION

TYPICAL WIRE SOCK ANODE ARRANGEMENT

TYPICAL CONCENTRIC PATTERN WIRE ANODE

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ANODE PERFORMANCE

Current rating @ 110 mA/m

Current rating @ 110 mA/m22 _{(10 mA/ft}_{(10 mA/ft}22₎₎

Expected life (NACE Standard TM02944-94)

Catalyst

Maximum anode concrete interface

Maximum anode concrete interface current densitycurrent density

FHWA limit FHWA limit Short-term limit Short-term limit NOMINAL DIMENSIONS NOMINAL DIMENSIONS Width Width Coil length Coil length

Actual anode surface per unit length of anode

Expanded thickness

Diamond dimensions

Shipping weight per coil

SUBSTRATE

Composition

Coefficient of thermal expansion

Thermal conductivity @ 20˚C Thermal conductivity @ 20˚C Electrical resistivity Electrical resistivity Modulus of elasticity Modulus of elasticity Tensile strength Tensile strength Yield strength Yield strength Elongation Elongation CURRENT DISTRIBUTOR CURRENT DISTRIBUTOR Width Width Thickness Thickness Coil length Coil length

ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES

Anode ribbon mesh

Anode ribbon mesh resistance lengthwiseresistance lengthwise

Current distributor resistance lengthwise

REVISION 1

ELGARD™ Anode ribbon mesh is composed of a precious metal oxide catalyst sintered to an expanded Titanium

mesh substrate. The Anode Ribbon Mesh is used as a key component in the Cathodic Protection of Reinforced

Concrete Structures. Concrete Structures.

MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

2.8 mA/m (0.85 mA/ft) 2.8 mA/m (0.85 mA/ft) 75 Years 75 Years

Iridium Based Mixed Metal Oxide

110 mA/m

110 mA/m22_{(10 mA/ft}_{(10 mA/ft}22₎₎

220 mA/m

220 mA/m22_{(20 mA/ft}_{(20 mA/ft}22₎₎

10 mm (0.4 ") 10 mm (0.4 ") 76 m (250 ft) 76 m (250 ft) 0.025 m 0.025 m22_/m_/m_(0.082_(0.082 _ft_ft22_/ft)_/ft) 1.30 mm (0.051 ") 1.30 mm (0.051 ") 2.5 x 4.6 x 0.6 mm (0.10 " x 0.18 " x 0.025 ") 2.5 x 4.6 x 0.6 mm (0.10 " x 0.18 " x 0.025 ") 1.4 kg (3.1 lbs) 1.4 kg (3.1 lbs)

Titanium, Grade 1 per ASTM B265

8.7 x 10

8.7 x 10-5-5_/˚K_/˚K_{(0.0000048/in}_{(0.0000048/in}_/in/˚K)_/in/˚K)

15.6W/ m

15.6W/ m22_{- ˚K (9.0BTU/hr/ft}_{- ˚K (9.0BTU/hr/ft}22_/˚F/ft)_/˚F/ft)

0.000056 Ohm-cm (0.000022 Ohm-in)

105 GPa (14,900,000 PSI) minimum

245 MPa (35,000 PSI) minimum

24% minimum 24% minimum 12.70 mm (0.5 ") 12.70 mm (0.5 ") 0.90 mm (0.035 ") 0.90 mm (0.035 ") 76 m (250 ft) 76 m (250 ft) 3.9 kg (8.6 lbs) 3.9 kg (8.6 lbs) 0.49 Ohm/m (0.15 Ohm/ft) 0.49 Ohm/m (0.15 Ohm/ft) 0.049 Ohm/m (0.015 Ohm/ft) 0.049 Ohm/m (0.015 Ohm/ft)

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ANODE PERFORMANCE

Current rating @ 110 mA/m22_{(10 mA/ft}_{(10 mA/ft}22₎₎

Catalyst

Maximum anode concrete interface current density :

Expanded thickness

Diamond dimensions

SUBSTRATE

Composition

Anode ribbon mesh

Current distributor resistance

Current distributor resistance lengthwiselengthwise

3.5 mA/m (1.05 mA/ft)

75 Years

110 mA/m

110 mA/m22 _{(10 mA/ft}_{(10 mA/ft}22₎₎

220 mA/m

220 mA/m22 _{(20 mA/ft}_{(20 mA/ft}22₎₎

13 mm (0.5 ") 13 mm (0.5 ") 76 m (250 ft) 76 m (250 ft) 0.032 m 0.032 m22_/m_/m_(0.105_(0.105 _ft_ft22_/ft)_/ft) 1.30 mm (0.051 ") 1.30 mm (0.051 ") 2.5 x 4.6 x 0.6 mm (0.10 " x 0.18 " x 0.025 ") 2.5 x 4.6 x 0.6 mm (0.10 " x 0.18 " x 0.025 ") 1.8 kg (4 lbs) 1.8 kg (4 lbs)

8.7 x 10

8.7 x 10-5-5_/˚K_/˚K_{(0.0000048/in/}_{(0.0000048/in/}_in/˚K)_in/˚K)

15.6W/ m

0.000056 Ohm-cm (0.000022 Ohm-in)

REVISION 1

Concrete Structures.

MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

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5.28 mA/m (1.61 mA/ft)

75 Years

110 mA/m

110 mA/m22 _{(10 mA/ft}_{(10 mA/ft}22₎₎

220 mA/m

220 mA/m22 _{(20 mA/ft}_{(20 mA/ft}22₎₎

19 mm (0.75 ") 19 mm (0.75 ") 76m (250 ft) 76m (250 ft) 0.048 m 0.048 m22_{/m (0.157 ft}_{/m (0.157 ft}22_/ft)_/ft) 1.30 mm (0.051 ") 1.30 mm (0.051 ") 2.5 x 4.6 x 0.6 mm (0.10 " x 0.18 " x 0.025 ") 2.5 x 4.6 x 0.6 mm (0.10 " x 0.18 " x 0.025 ") 2.7 kg (6 lbs) 2.7 kg (6 lbs)

8.7 x 10

8.7 x 10-5-5_/˚K_/˚K_{(0.0000048/in/}_{(0.0000048/in/}_in/˚K)_in/˚K)

15.6W/ m

0.000056 Ohm-cm (0.000022 Ohm-in)

24% minimum 24% minimum 12.70 mm (0.5 ") 12.70 mm (0.5 ") 0.90 mm (0.035 ") 0.90 mm (0.035 ") 76 m (250 ft) 76 m (250 ft) 3.9 kg (8.6 lbs) 3.9 kg (8.6 lbs) 0.26 Ohm/m (0.08 Ohm/ft) 0.26 Ohm/m (0.08 Ohm/ft) 0.049 Ohm/m (0.015 Ohm/ft) 0.049 Ohm/m (0.015 Ohm/ft) ANODE PERFORMANCE ANODE PERFORMANCE

Catalyst

Maximum anode concrete interface current density

Expanded thickness

Diamond dimensions

SUBSTRATE

Composition

Anode ribbon mesh

REVISION 1

MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

(14)

ANODE PERFORMANCE

Catalyst

Expanded thickness

Diamond dimensions

SUBSTRATE

Composition

Anode ribbon mesh

5.3 mA/m (1.62 mA/ft)

75 Years

110 mA/m

110 mA/m22 _{(10 mA/ft}_{(10 mA/ft}22₎₎

220 mA/m

220 mA/m22 _{(20 mA/ft}_{(20 mA/ft}22₎₎

20 mm (0.8 ") 20 mm (0.8 ") 76 m (250 ft) 76 m (250 ft) 0.05 m 0.05 m22_{/m (0.082 ft}_{/m (0.082 ft}22_/ft)_/ft) 1.30 mm (0.051") 1.30 mm (0.051") 2.5 x 4.6 x 0.6 mm (0.10 " x 0.18 " x 0.025 ") 2.5 x 4.6 x 0.6 mm (0.10 " x 0.18 " x 0.025 ") 2.9 kg (6.38 lbs) 2.9 kg (6.38 lbs)

8.7 x 10 8.7 x 10-5-5_/˚K_/˚K_{(0.0000048/in/in}_{(0.0000048/in/in}_/˚K)_/˚K) 15.6W/ m 15.6W/ m22_{- ˚K (9.0BTU/hr/ft}_{- ˚K (9.0BTU/hr/ft}22_/˚F/ft)_/˚F/ft) 0.000056 Ohm-cm (0.000022 Ohm-in) 0.000056 Ohm-cm (0.000022 Ohm-in)

REVISION 1

MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

(15)

ANODE PERFORMANCE

Catalyst

Expanded thickness

Diamond dimensions

SUBSTRATE

Composition

Anode ribbon mesh

7.0 mA/m (2.13 mA/ft)

75 Years

110 mA/m

110 mA/m22 _{(10 mA/ft}_{(10 mA/ft}22₎₎

220 mA/m

220 mA/m22 _{(20 mA/ft}_{(20 mA/ft}22₎₎

25 mm (0.8 ") 25 mm (0.8 ") 76 m (250 ft) 76 m (250 ft) 0.062 m 0.062 m22_{/m (0.203 ft}_{/m (0.203 ft}22_/ft)_/ft) 1.30 mm (0.051 ") 1.30 mm (0.051 ") 2.5 x 4.6 x 0.6 mm (0.10 " x 0.18 " x 0.025 ") 2.5 x 4.6 x 0.6 mm (0.10 " x 0.18 " x 0.025 ") 3.6 kg (7.9 lbs) 3.6 kg (7.9 lbs)

8.7 x 10

8.7 x 10-5-5_/˚K_/˚K_{(0.0000048/in/}_{(0.0000048/in/}_in/˚K)_in/˚K)

15.6W/ m

0.000056 Ohm-cm (0.000022 Ohm-in)

REVISION 1

MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

(16)

ANODE PERFORMANCE

Current rating @ 110 mA/m22 _{(10 mA/ft}_{(10 mA/ft}22₎₎

Catalyst

FHWA limit FHWA limit Short-term limit Short-term limit NOMINAL DIMENSIONS NOMINAL DIMENSIONS Width of roll Width of roll Length of roll Length of roll

Area per roll

Actual anode surface per unit area of concrete

Expanded thickness

Diamond dimensions

SUBSTRATE

Composition

Thermal conductivity @ 20˚C Thermal conductivity @ 20˚C Electrical resistivity Electrical resistivity Modulus of elasticity Modulus of elasticity Tensile strength Tensile strength Yield strength Yield strength Elongation Elongation ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES Anode mesh

Anode mesh resistance lengthwiseresistance lengthwise

Current distributor resistance lengthwise

Resistance width wise c/w

Resistance width wise c/w current distributorcurrent distributor

18.8 mA/m

18.8 mA/m22 _{(1.71 mA/ft}_{(1.71 mA/ft}22₎₎

75 Years

110 mA/m

110 mA/m22_{(10 mA/ft}_{(10 mA/ft}22₎₎

220 mA/m

220 mA/m22_{(20 mA/ft}_{(20 mA/ft}22₎₎

1.22 m (4ft) 1.22 m (4ft) 76 m (250 ft) 76 m (250 ft) 92.9 m 92.9 m22_{(1000 ft}_{(1000 ft}22₎₎ 0.17 m 0.17 m22_/m_/m22 _{(0.17 ft}_{(0.17 ft}22_/ft_/ft22₎₎ 1.415 mm (0.056") 1.415 mm (0.056") 34 x 76 x 0.64 mm (1.33 " x 3.0 " x 0.025 ") 34 x 76 x 0.64 mm (1.33 " x 3.0 " x 0.025 ") 26 kg (56 lbs) 26 kg (56 lbs)

8.7 x 10

8.7 x 10-5-5_/˚K_/˚K_{(0.0000048/in}_{(0.0000048/in}_/in/˚K)_/in/˚K)

15.6W/ m

0.000056 Ohm-cm (0.000022 Ohm-in)

24% minimum 24% minimum 0.085 Ohm/m (0.026 Ohm/ft) 0.085 Ohm/m (0.026 Ohm/ft) 0.049 Ohm/m (0.015 Ohm/ft) 0.049 Ohm/m (0.015 Ohm/ft) 0.023 Ohm/m (0.007 Ohm/ft) 0.023 Ohm/m (0.007 Ohm/ft)

REVISION 1

ELGARD™ Anode mesh is composed of a precious metal oxide catalyst sintered to an expanded Titanium mesh

substrate. The Anode Mesh is used as a key component in the Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structures.

MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

(17)

ANODE PERFORMANCE

Catalyst

Area per roll

Expanded thickness

Diamond dimensions

SUBSTRATE

Composition

Thermal conductivity @ 20˚C Thermal conductivity @ 20˚C Electrical resistivity Electrical resistivity Modulus of elasticity Modulus of elasticity Tensile strength Tensile strength Yield strength Yield strength Elongation Elongation ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES

Anode mesh resistance lengthwise

Resistance widthwise c/w current distributor

24.4 mA/m

24.4 mA/m22_{(2.22 mA/ft}_{(2.22 mA/ft}22₎₎

75 Years

110 mA/m

110 mA/m22 _{(10 mA/ft}_{(10 mA/ft}22₎₎

220 mA/m

220 mA/m22 _{(20 mA/ft}_{(20 mA/ft}22₎₎

1.22 m (4 ft) 1.22 m (4 ft) 76 m (250 ft) 76 m (250 ft) 92.9 m 92.9 m22_{(1000 ft}_{(1000 ft}22₎₎ 0.22 m 0.22 m22_/m_/m22_{(0.22 ft}_{(0.22 ft}22_/ft_/ft22₎₎ 1.981 mm (0.078") 1.981 mm (0.078") 34 x 76 x 0.89 mm (1.33 " x 3.0 " x 0.035 ") 34 x 76 x 0.89 mm (1.33 " x 3.0 " x 0.035 ") 33kg (73 lbs) 33kg (73 lbs)

8.7 x 10

8.7 x 10-5-5_/˚K_/˚K_{(0.0000048/in/}_{(0.0000048/in/}_in/˚K)_in/˚K)

15.6W/ m

0.000056 Ohm-cm (0.000022 Ohm-in)

REVISION 1

MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

(18)

ANODE PERFORMANCE

Catalyst

Area per roll

Expanded thickness

Diamond dimensions

SUBSTRATE

Composition

Thermal conductivity @ 20˚C Thermal conductivity @ 20˚C Electrical resistivity Electrical resistivity Modulus of elasticity Modulus of elasticity Tensile strength Tensile strength Yield strength Yield strength Elongation Elongation ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES

Anode mesh resistance lengthwise

Resistance width wise c/w

Resistance width wise c/w current distributorcurrent distributor

37.8 mA/m

37.8 mA/m22_{(3.44 mA/ft}_{(3.44 mA/ft}22₎₎

75 Years

110 mA/m

110 mA/m22 _{(10 mA/ft}_{(10 mA/ft}22₎₎

220 mA/m

220 mA/m22 _{(20 mA/ft}_{(20 mA/ft}22₎₎

1.22 m (4 ft) 1.22 m (4 ft) 76 m (250 ft) 76 m (250 ft) 92.9 m 92.9 m22_{(1000 ft}_{(1000 ft}22₎₎ 0.34 m 0.34 m22_/m_/m22_{(0.34 ft}_{(0.34 ft}22_/ft_/ft22₎₎ 1.981 mm (0.078 ") 1.981 mm (0.078 ") 25 x 51 x 0.89 mm (0.923 " x 2.0 " x 0.035 ") 25 x 51 x 0.89 mm (0.923 " x 2.0 " x 0.035 ") 43 kg (95 lbs) 43 kg (95 lbs)

8.7 x 10

8.7 x 10-5-5_/˚K_/˚K_{(0.0000048/in/}_{(0.0000048/in/}_in/˚K)_in/˚K)

15.6W/ m

0.000056 Ohm-cm (0.000022 Ohm-in)

REVISION 1

MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

(19)

REVISION 1

APPLICATION

A range of access

A range of accessories are availaories are available ble to to assist with tassist with the successful inhe successful installation of stallation of our Mixed Metal Oxide aour Mixed Metal Oxide anode systems.node systems.

SPOT WELDERS FOR UNDER TANK SYSTEMS

ANODE CENTRALISERS

For connection of Titanium conductor bars to Mixed Metal Oxide

Ribbon Anodes (see data sheet 2.2.2.)

For connection to tubular anode systems allowing them to centralise

within the casing / borehole. Available in a range of sizes and

materials to suit the application. When ordering please specify

metallic or non metallic type and the size of borehole / casing the

are being passed through.

CABLE TIES AND CLIPS

(20)

REVISION 1

END WEIGHTS

End weights are secured to bottom of an anode string / chain configuration to ensure cables remain straight during installation.

Weights are calculated according to the anode cable and ground bed arrangement.

(21)

REVISION 1

APPLICATION

Horizontal Groundbeds, Shallow Vertical Groundbeds.

STANDARD ANODE TYPES, DIMENSIONS AND OUTPUTS

MESH STRIP ANODES

are manufactured using titanium expanded mesh substrate, which meets ASTM B265are manufactured using titanium expanded mesh substrate, which meets ASTM B265

Grade 1 or 2 standards

MESH STRIP ANODES

are 1.25" wide x 48" long and are rated 5 Amps for a 20 year design life in calcined petroleumare 1.25" wide x 48" long and are rated 5 Amps for a 20 year design life in calcined petroleum

coke. The MESH STRIP ANODE can be packaged in a spiral wound, galvanized steel canister or a fabric sleeve.

Anode size and rating is calculated as follows,

•

• Max Operating Max Operating current current density of density of anode = anode = 100A/m100A/m22

•

• Titanium Surface Area of Titanium Surface Area of 1.25” (32mm) Width x 1.25” (32mm) Width x 48” (1220mm) Lengt48” (1220mm) Length Strip Mesh Anh Strip Mesh Anode = 0.05mode = 0.05m22

•

• Titanium is coated with a proprietary MMO coating with a sTitanium is coated with a proprietary MMO coating with a sufficient loading to last a minimum of 20 ufficient loading to last a minimum of 20 years at theyears at the

specified current density.

•

• SurfacSurface aree area of ana of anode is ode is 0.05m0.05m22_{and at current density of 100mA/m}_{and at current density of 100mA/m}22 _{gives output 5A for minimum 20 years (or}_{gives output 5A for minimum 20 years (or}

equivalent of 100 Amp/years at max current density of 100A/m

equivalent of 100 Amp/years at max current density of 100A/m22₎₎

CABLE TYPES & CONNECTIONS

Anodes are factory assembled with a fully encapsulated cable connection.

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Standard Gauges Standard Gauges 1.0mm 20bg 1.0mm 20bg 1.2mm 18bg 1.2mm 18bg 1.2mm 18bg 1.2mm 18bg 1.5mm 18bg 1.5mm 18bg 2.0mm 14bg 2.0mm 14bg Standard Sizes Standard Sizes 150mmDia x 1500mm L 150mmDia x 1500mm L 150mmDia x 2000mm L 150mmDia x 2000mm L 200mmDia x 2000mm L 200mmDia x 2000mm L 250mmDia x 2000mm L 250mmDia x 2000mm L 300mmDia x 2000mm L 300mmDia x 2000mm L

REVISION 1

CABLE TYPES & CONNECTIONS

Standard Cable types included HMWPE, XLPE/PVC, PVDF/HMWPE, When ordering please specify cable type,

length and size (mm

length and size (mm22₎₎

CANNISTER TYPES AND DIMENSIONS

(23)

M

Maaxxiimmuum m CCuurrrreennt t DDeennssiitty y ((CCDD) ) @ @ AAnnooddee 221166mmAA//mm22_(20mA/ft_(20mA/ft22₎₎

M

Meessh Lh Leennggtthh, “, “LL””, m, mm (m (fftt)) 11000 (0 (..332255)) 11550 0 ((..449922)) 22000 (0 (..665588)) 22550 (0 (..881177)) 33000 (0 (..998833)) 33550 0 ((11..112255

Anode Surface Area, m

Anode Surface Area, m22 _(ft_(ft22₎₎ _._.₀₀₂₂₀₀₍₍_._.₂₂₁₁₅₅₎₎ _._.₀₀₃₃₀₀₍₍_._.₃₃₂₂₅₅₎₎ _._.₀₀₄₄₀₀₍₍_._.₄₄₃₃₀₀₎₎ _._.₀₀₅₅₀₀₍₍_._.₅₅₄₄₅₅₎₎ _._.₀₀₆₆₁₁₍₍_._.₆₆₆₆₀₀₎₎ _._.₀₀₇₇₁₁₍₍_._.₇₇₇₇₀₀₎₎

C Cuurrrreennt t RRaattiinng g @ @ MMaax x CCDD, , mmAA 44..66 66..88 99..11 1111..44 1133..77 1155..99 E Exxppeecctteedd LLiiffee 5500 YYeeaarrss A Annoodde e CCooaattiinngg IIrriiddiiuum m OOxxiiddee, , MMiixxeed d MMeettaal l OOxxiiddee 25.4mm (1 in) 25.4mm (1 in) 31.75mm (1-1/4 in) 31.75mm (1-1/4 in) Variabl

Variable – See e – See TTable Belowable Below

1.30mm (0.051 in) 1.30mm (0.051 in) 2.5mm x 4.6mm (0.1 in x 0.18 in) 2.5mm x 4.6mm (0.1 in x 0.18 in) 0.6mm (0.025 in) 0.6mm (0.025 in)

8.7 x 10

8.7 x 10-5-5_/˚K_/˚K_{(0.0000048/in}_{(0.0000048/in}_/in/˚K)_/in/˚K)

15.6W/ m

0.000056 Ohm-cm (0.000022 Ohm-in)

24% minimum 24% minimum 6.35mm (1/4 in) 6.35mm (1/4 in) 0.63mm (0.025 in) 0.63mm (0.025 in) Anode Diameter Anode Diameter

Installation Hole Diameter

Lengths

Expanded Mesh Thickness

Diamond Dimensions Diamond Dimensions Strand Thickness Strand Thickness Composition Composition

Thermal conductivity @ 20˚C Thermal conductivity @ 20˚C Electrical resistivity Electrical resistivity Modulus of elasticity Modulus of elasticity Tensile strength Tensile strength Yield strength Yield strength Elongation Elongation Width Width Thickness Thickness

REVISION 1

APPLICATION

The Elgard Discrete Mesh Anode compliments the existing line of Elgard anodes for Cathodic protection of reinforced

concrete structures. The anode is composed of a precious metal oxide catalyst on an expanded titanium mesh substrate.

The anodes are available in 100mm, 150mm, 200mm, 250mm, 300mm and 350mm lengths and can be combined to

meet specific

meet specific requirements.requirements.

MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

DIMENSIONS DIMENSIONS SUBSTRATE SUBSTRATE CURRENT DISTRIBUTOR CURRENT DISTRIBUTOR

ANODE PERFORMANCE

(24)

REVISION 1

OUTLINE DRAWING

ANODE WELDMENT ANODE WELDMENT ELTECH ELTECH PART No. PART No. 0670EA03-1 0670EA03-1 0670EA03-2 0670EA03-2 0670EA03-3 0670EA03-3 0670EA03-4 0670EA03-4 0670EA03-5 0670EA03-5 0670EA03-6 0670EA03-6 100 100 150 150 200 200 250 250 300 300 350 350 400 400 450 450 500 500 550 550 600 600 650 650 D DIIMM. . ““LL11”” DDIIMM. . ““LL22””

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REVISION 1

APPLICATION

Magnetite is a natural mineral with a high corrosion resistance making it an excellent anode material. The anodes are

cast cylindrical and hollow. Cables are centre connected to give a uniform dissipation of current from the anode

surface. The anode to cable connection is electrically sealed with a dielectric compound and an anode cap.

Suitable for use in

Suitable for use in Horizontal Groundbeds, Deep Well Groundbeds, Fresh Water InstallationHorizontal Groundbeds, Deep Well Groundbeds, Fresh Water Installations, Seawater Installations, Seawater Installation

(1) depends on

(1) depends on environment environment

MAGNETITE ANODE DATA

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

Specific gravity Specific gravity Brinell hardness Brinell hardness (WB5/187.5/15)(WB5/187.5/15) Bending strength Bending strength Density Density Melting point Melting point

Coefficient of linear expansion

4.7–4.8 4.7–4.8 344 344 5 5 4,71 4,71 1500 1500 6.4x10-6 6.4x10-6 kg/dm3 kg/dm3 kN/cm2 kN/cm2 g/cm3 g/cm3 °C °C 1/°C (0-100°C) 1/°C (0-100°C) Consumption rate Consumption rate Current density (1) Current density (1) Efficiency Efficiency 0.02

0.02 kg/A kg/A yearyear

0.70 mA/dm2 0.70 mA/dm2 90% 90% FeO FeO Fe3O4 Fe3O4 Balance Balance 28 - 32% 28 - 32% 60 - 64% 60 - 64% 4 - 12% 4 - 12%

(26)

REVISION 1

EXPERIENCE

Lifetime comparison - Basis: anode current load 5 A

Surrounding electrolyte:

neutral soil and water

without chlorine and

sulfate content sulfate content Applications: Applications: shallow groundbeds, shallow groundbeds, deep groundbeds deep groundbeds

CHLORINE CONTAINING SOIL

SEAWATER AND DEEP GROUNDBEDS

STANDARD ANODE TYPES WEIGHTS AND OUTPUTS

TYPE MA-U

D Diiaammeetteerr 6600 mmmm T Toottaal l lleennggtthh 772200 mmmm Surrounding electrolyte: Surrounding electrolyte:

chlorine and/or sulfate

containing soil or containing soil or stagnant water stagnant water Applications: Applications: shallow groundbeds, shallow groundbeds, deep groundbeds deep groundbeds

TYPE MA-CS

D Diiaammeetteerr 6600 mmmm T Toottaal l lleennggtthh 772200 mmmm

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REVISION 1

Surrounding electrolyte: Surrounding electrolyte: flowing seawater or flowing seawater or brackish water brackish water Applications: Applications: platforms, jetties, platforms, jetties, harbours harbours

STANDARD ANODE TYPES WEIGHTS AND OUTPUTS

TYPE MA-SEA

D Diiaammeetteerr 6600 mmmm T Toottaal l lleennggtthh 776600 mmmm E Effffeeccttiivve e lleennggtthh 771100 mmmm T Toottaal l wweeiigghhtt 66..00 kkgg M Miinn. . eeffffeeccttiivve e mmaassss 44..77 kkgg S Suurrffaacce e aarreeaa 1133..44 ddmm22 M Maaxx. . ccuurrrreennt t llooaadd 1166..00 AA

CANISTER FOR MA-U & MA-CS

COKE BACKFILL COKE BACKFILL M Miinniimmuum m ccaarrbboon n ccoonntteenntt 9900%% M Maaxxiimmuum m mmooiissttuurre e ccoonntteenntt 55%% Surrounding electrolyte: Surrounding electrolyte:

chlorine containing soil or

stagnant water

Applications:

deep groundbeds open

hole, deep groundbeds

closed hole, water tank

TYPE MA-CHAIN

D Diiaammeetteerr 6600 mmmm T Toottaal l lleennggtthh 774400 mmmm E Effffeeccttiivve e lleennggtthh 660000 mmmm T Toottaal l wweeiigghhtt 66..22 kkgg M Miinn. . eeffffeeccttiivve e mmaassss 44..77 kkgg S Suurrffaacce e aarreeaa 1111..33 ddmm22 M Maaxx. c. cuurrrreennt t llooaad (d (ggrroouunnddbbeeddss)) 66..00 AA M Maaxx. . ccuurrrreennt t llooaad d ((ttaannkkss)) 1166..00 AA

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REVISION 1

APPLICATION

Plain graphite anodes are used in dry soil conditions installed in groundbeds containing compacted carbonaceous

backfill. Linseed oil impregnated anodes can be used in moist saline soils, in fresh and brackish water, and for

seawater applications. Graphite anodes can be installed as horizontal or deepwell groundbeds to protect buried

pipelines or due to their lightweight nature they can be suspended into the electrolyte to protect water tank internal

surfaces or marine

surfaces or marine structures.structures.

Cathodic Protection Co Ltd graphite anodes are manufactured in two standard sizes - 3” dia up to 60” long & 4”

dia up to 80” long. There are two types of graphite anodes - plain & linseed oil impregnated. Plain graphite

anodes are used for ordinary soil conditions and linseed oil impregnated anodes are usually used for saline soil

or seawater environments.

GRAPHITE ANODE

DATA

CONSUMPTION RATES

(29)

REVISION 1

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

ANODE TO CABLE CONNECTION

Cable for Graphite Anodes is supplied according to customer requirements. We can offer the following insulation and

sheathing types PVC. XLPE/PVC, HMWPE, KYNAR, HALAR, EPR/CSPE.

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REVISION 1

APPLICATION

• Underwater steel structures - Wharves, jetties, sheet pile walls and piers. Usually rod type anodes distributed

throughout the structure to be protected to give a

throughout the structure to be protected to give a good overall protective current distribution. Anodes should begood overall protective current distribution. Anodes should be

installed in areas not liable to cause Anode damage i.e. out of the way of berthing vessels, mooring ropes, chains etc.

• Exterior protection of ships hulls - anodes in the shape of plates, discs or strips. Housed in chlorine resistant plastic as

the anode operates at high current densities in seawater which produces chlorine.

• Water tank internal protection - usually distributed rod anodes are used for this type of installation by suspending from

the tank roof.

• Internal protection of plant - large diameter water pipelines such as cooling water can be protected using rod or wire

shaped anodes.

PLATINISED TITANIUM ANODE DATA

Platinised Titanium anodes are manufactured from a commercially pure titanium substrate plated with a very thin coating

of platinum. The titanium serves simply as the anode body and the conductor, the active anode element being the

platinum coating.

The usual thickness of

The usual thickness of the platinum coating is the platinum coating is approximately 2.5 microns, howeverapproximately 2.5 microns, however, this coating , this coating thickness should bethickness should be

increased to 5.0 microns for harsher environments. The base metal is available in a wide variety of standard shapes

-rods, tubes, mesh, etc - which can be fabricated into non-metallic mounts for attachment to the structure to be

rods, tubes, mesh, etc - which can be fabricated into non-metallic mounts for attachment to the structure to be

cathodically protected.

The thickness of the platinum coating and the current density at which the anode is operated determine the useful life

of the anode. The maximum voltage at the anode to electrolyte interface should not exceed 8 Volts in electrolytes

containing chloride as voltages greater than this value could cause local corrosion on any unplatinised portions of

the anode.

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REVISION 1

CURRENT DENSITY AND

CONSUMPTION RATES

FEATURES

• Anodes can work at high current densities without decomposition or dissolving.

• Favourable strength to weight ratio.

• Anodes can be smaller and more compact than comparable conventional anodes.

• Can be manufactured in a wide variety of shapes and sizes.

• Lightweight support tube installation for Pt Ti anode installation.