Memoirsofthe MuseumofVictoria54: 191-205(1994)
A REVIEW OFTHE GENUS PARANYCTIOPHYLAXTSUDAFROM
SULAWESI. PAPUANEW GUINEAAND NORTHERNAUSTRALIA (TRICHOPTERA: POLYCENTROPODIDAE)
By A.Neboiss
DepartmentofEntomology, MuseumofVictoria,71 Victoria Crescent,Abbotsford, Victoria 3067, Australia
Abstract
Neboiss,A., 1994. Areview ofthegenus ParanyctiophylaxTsudafrom Sulawesi,Papua
NewGuineaandnorthern Australia (Trichoptera: Polycentropodidac).MemoirsoftheMuse- umofVictoria54: 191 -205.
Thegenus ParanyctiophylaKTsuddinSulawesi,PapuaNewGuinea,BougainvilleIsland and northern Australiaisreviewed. Elevennewspeciesaredescribed,definitionsofsever- alestablished speciesarerevisedanddistributionaldataadded.
Introduction
Disparities within the genus Nyctiophylax Brauer, 1865,werediscussed by Neboiss (1993)
whoredefined thegenusandtransferred25 ofits
species to Paranyctiophylax Tsuda, 1942. The distribution of Paranyctiophylax, previously knownonly fromJapan,wasthusexpanded into South-east Asia,NewGuineaandAustralia (Fig.
1) with a further three distinctspecies groups in Sri Lanka, Africa and North America. Six new
species of Paranyctiophylaxare described here from northern Australia, two from the Indone- sian island of Sulawesi, two from Papua New
Guinea and one from Bougainville I., which is the eastern-most occurrenceofthe genus. Other species areknown fromthe Bassian province of south-eastern Australia (Neboiss, 1981) butthis issouthof an extensive faunalbarriercreatedby a stretch of dry savannah south of Townsville (Keast, 1961)and considerationofthese species
isoutside thescope ofthis paper.
ThetwoeastAsianspecies,P. kisoensisTsuda andP. digitatus(Martynov),are distinctfromthe species from Sulawesi, New Guinea, northern Australia and Bougainville I. In the eastAsian species the phallus is firm, distally protruding, and apically rounded, without internal spines.
The known species from the Sunda Is to north-
ernAustralia areall characterised by havingthe phallic apparatus soft and membranous, gener-
ally retracted into the genitalic capsule. Thephal- lus ismoreorless expandable andcontains aset ofinternal chitinous spines orrods, the particu- lar arrangementofwhich isspeciesspecific.
Sixteen species are discussed or described in thispaper. Reviseddefinitions aregiven for the twoeastAsianspecies,newrecordsareaddedto
distributions ofoneNewGuinean and one Aus-
tralianspeciesand 1 I newspeciesaredescribed.
TheeastAsian species are P. kisoensisTsuda from Japan(type species)and P.digitatus(Mar- tynov) from Russia(Eastern Siberia).
The Sunda Islands - northern Australian species are P. apicatussp.nov., Australia, Cape York; P. basispinosussp. nov., Australia,North Queensland; P. dicellatus sp. nov., Australia, North Queensland; P. eidolonus sp. nov., Aus-
tralia, North Queensland; P. flavus (Ulmer), Papua New Guinea; P. gyratus sp. nov., Papua
New Guinea; P. icelus sp. nov., Indonesia, Sulawesi Tenggara; P. kabaensis sp. nov., Indonesia, Sulawesi Tenggara; P. lumarius (Neboiss), Indonesia,Sulawesi Utara; P.parvus (Mosely),Australia,NorthernTerritory; P. rham- phodes sp. nov., Australia, Northern Territory;
P.synoriussp.nov., BougainvilleIsland;P.spic- ulatussp. nov., Australia,North-west Australia;
and P. traunensis sp. nov., PapuaNewGuinea.
Materialand methods
All specimens are preserved in 75% ethanol
unless statedotherwise. Illustrations have been prepared from abdomens cleared in cold KOH
solution, thentransferredtoglycerolfordrawing and laterstorageinmicrovials. Drawingsofgen-
italiawere made withtheassistanceofacamera
lucidamountedonaWildM20compoundmicro-
scope and wings were prepared as temporary microscopemounts in glycerol and drawn from aWild M8dissectingmicroscopewith theaidof acameralucida. The wing colours in all speci-
menspreservedinalcohol showvariousdegrees offading. All dissectedspecimensare identified bytheauthor'snotebooknumberwith prefixPT
on ayellow label.
https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.1994.54.09
30 June 1994
192 A.NEBOISS
• P. apicatus
® P. basispinosus
V P. dicellatus
$ P. eidolonus
T P.flavus
P. gyratus
P. icelus
a P. kabaensis
9 P. lumarius
o P.parvus
P. rhamphodes
P. synorius
D P. spiculatus
A P. traunensis
Figure 1. DistributionofParanyctiophylaxspeciesdescribedin thispaper.
AREVIEWOFTHE GENUS PARANYCTIOPHYLAXTSUDA 193
Thefollowingabbreviationshave been usedto designatethedepositoryinstitutions:ANIC,Aus-
tralianNationalInsectCollection,Canberra,Aus-
tralia;BPBM,BerniceP.Bishop Museum,Hon-
olulu, USA; NMV, Museum of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; NTMD, Northern Terri- tory Museum, Darwin, Australia; QM, Queens- land Museum, Brisbane, Australia; RMNH,
National Natural History Museum, Leiden,The
Netherlands; UOJ, University ofOsaka, Japan;
ZMSP, ZoologicalMuseum, StateUniversity,St Petersburg, Russia.
ParanyctiophylaxTsuda
ParanyctiopliylaxTsuda, 1942: 265. —Ncboiss, 1993:
108.
Typespecies.ParanyctiophylaxkisoensisTsuda, 1942 (by originaldesignation).
Revised genericdiagnosis.Forewingcross-vein C-Sc basad of base of discoidal cell, fork 1
absent, fork 3 present, petiolatc, anal veins looped, junction ofA2andA3closetoormerged with junction to Al; hind wing forks 1 and 3 absent(aberrantly asmall fork3 maybepresent), discoidalcellshort, triangular,cell atbase ofanal veinsA2and A3extended towards wingmargin, cross-vein closingcell distinctly spearated from cross-vein Cu2-Al.
Malegenitaliawithsuperiorappendagesmod-
eratelylarge,arising distadofupperangleofster- nite IX; paraproctal processes conspicuous, robust, directed posteriorly orcurved ventrad;
inferior appendages moderately long, slender, curveddorsad.
Female genitaliawithtergiteVIII large,stern-
iteVIII broad, ventral plates attachedbasolater- ally.
EAST ASIAN SPECIES
Diagnosticfeatures. Apexof phallus protruding distally,firm,tiprounded,internal spinesabsent, with orwithout parameres.
ParanyctiophylaxkisoensisTsuda, 1942 Figures 2,3
ParanyctiophylaxkisoensisTsuda,1942:265.—Neboiss,
1993: 108.
Typematerial.66Japan, Otakigawa-hontani,Kiso,Nagano, 4Aug 1939,M. Tsuda(type notseen).
Material examined. I6,Japan, Jadani, Hakusan, 31 Aug
1981,K.Tanida(UOJ).
Reviseddiagnosis.Colourblackish-brown,wing venation as in Fig. 3. Length of fore wing 6
6.5-6.7mm.
Male genitalia (Fig.2) with stcrniteIX small, in lateral view about as long as high without mcsoventral projection; superior appendages
robust,subtriangular; paraproctal processesshort,
broadat base,apexrounded;inferiorappendages moderately robust. Phallus protruding distally,
apex firm,dark blackish-brown.
Female notdescribed.
Distribution. Japan.
Remarks. This species is distinguished from P.
digitatus by the presence of parameres and the shapes of sternite IX, the superior appendages and theparaproctal processes.
Paranyctiophylaxdigitatus (Martynov, 1934) Figure4
NyctlophytaxdigitatusMartynov, 1934:241.
Paranyctiophylaxdigitatus.—Neboiss, 1993: 108.
Typematerial. Holotype o*, Russia, South Ussurian Kray.
Vinogradovka,5Jul 1929, Kirichenko(ZMSP)(examined).
Paratype 1c? collected with hololype (d genilalic prep.
PT-1967figured).
Reviseddiagnosis.Colourindiyspecimengrey- ish-brown, distinct pale hyaline angular spot at base of median cell. Length of fore wing 6 6.0mm;(lengthofbody4-4.5mmgivenbyMar-
tynov).
Male genitalia (Fig. 4)with sternite IX in lat- eral view about as long as high with stout
mesoventral projection; superior appendages
short, bluntly rounded apically; paraproctal processesshort,ratherbroad, onlyslightly broad- er at base, apex truncate; inferior appendages slender, pointed apically, with basal elbow
slightly produced. Phallus protruding distally
beyond superior appendages, apex firm, dark blackish-brown.
Female: Inthe original description the female
is noted as having 'end of abdomen blackish', butno female specimensareincluded inthetype material.
Distribution. Russia(Siberian farsouth-east).
Remarks. Malesofthisspecies aredistinguished from P. kisoensis by the smaller superior appendages, the apically truncate paraproctal processesand theshape ofsterniteIX.
THE SUNDAISLANDS -NORTHERN AUSTRALIAN SPECIES
Diagnosticfeatures. Phallic apparatusmembra-
nous, not protruding distally; with internal or sometimes external chitinous spines or rods;
parameresabsent.
194 A. NEBOISS
A REVIEW OF THE GENUSPARANYCTIOPHYLAXTSVDA 195
Paranyctiophylaxlumarius (Neboiss, 1989) Figures 5, 6
NyctiophylaxlumariusNeboiss, 1989: 107.
Paranyctiophylax lumarius- Neboiss, 1993: 108.
Type material. Holotype d, Indonesia, Sulawesi Utara,
DumogaBoneNational Park, Edwardscamp nearTumpah
R., 00°35'N, 123°51'E,650m asl,22 May 1985, A. Wells (NMV).Paralypes: lOdcollectedwithholotype(d genital- icprep.PT-15S8figured)(NMV, RMNH)
Distribution.Indonesia, Sulawesi Utara.
Remarks. The statement in the original descrip- tion(Neboiss, 1989)thatthe 'preanal appendages are formed by three processes' requires amend- ment. The three processesarise separately, and of these the middle processes should be regard- edassuperiorappendages. Theupperprocesses arisefrom theupperinner marginofsternite IX, rapidly curve mesad and then distad just above the phallus and may correspond to the interme- diate appendages (Holzenthal and Hamilton, 1988). The lower processes correspond to the paraproctal processes ofspecies like P. icelus,
however,inP. lumariustheyare notfusedmesal- ly below the phallus. The inferior appendages show similarities to P. hjangsanchonus (Boto- saneanu, 1970) ofKoreabuttheformofthesupe- rior appendages is distinct. The female is
unknown. No new material was available for study.
Paranyctiophylas kabaensis sp. nov.
Figures7-10
Typematerial.Holotype d, Indonesia, Sulawesi Tenggaia, Pulau Kabaena, 4kmS ol Tangkeno,05°18'S. I2I"57'E,
300masl,4Nov 1989,at light, R. deJong andJ.Huisman
(siteJS8932)(RMNH). Paratypes:2ds, I9 collectedwith holotype (RMNH, NMV) (9 genitalic prep. PT-1961
figured); Idsamelocality5Nov 1989,atlight (siteJS 8933);
Id same locality 7 Nov 1989, at light (site JS 8937) (RMNH); 3d 39 Sulawesi Tenggaia, Pulau Kabaena,Bat- uawu,05"25'S I2I"48'E, 11 Nov 1989, al light,R.deJong andJ.Huisman(siteJS8945)(RMNH, NMV)(d genlalic prep.PT-1956figured).
Description. Colour blackish-brown, similar in both sexes. Length offore wing o* 3.5-4.3mm;
9 4.3-5.1mm.
Malegenitalia (Figs7, 8) similarto P. lumar- iusbut differs in details. Abdominal sternite IX
in lateral view about as long as high; superior appendages slender, somewhat obliquely trun- cate apically, paraproctal processes strongly curved dorsad, pointed apically. Inferior
appendages more slender than in P. lumarius, pointed apically, mesoventral branch small.
Phallus without internal barsorspines.
Femalegenitalia(Figs9, 10) sterniteVIIIapi- cally broad, distal margin shallowly trilobed.
Etymology, Reference tothetype locality.
Remarks.Thisspeciesis verysimilarto P. lumar- ius but may be distinguished by the details of male genitalia, particularly the more elongate inferiorappendages.
Paranyctiophylax icelus sp. nov.
Figures 11-15
Type material. Holotype d, Indonesia, SulawesiTenggaia, Pulau Kabaena, IkmSofTangkeno,riverineforest,Sungai Lantinoli,05"17'S, 121°57'E,8Nov 1989,allight,R.deJong andJ.Huisman (siteJS 8939)(RMNH). Paratypes: 50 d , I9,collectedwithholotype(BPBM;NMV;RMNH)(dgen- italicprep. PT-1911 figured);5d, I9,samelocality9Nov
1989,(site JS 8940-42)(RMNH); lOd, 259, 4km S of Tangkeno, 4Nov 1989, R.deJong andJ.Huisman(sileJS 8932) (BPBM;NMV; RMNH)(9 genitalicprep.PT-I957
figured); 15d,49,samelocality 5Nov 1989(sileJS8933) (RMNH).
Figures2, 3,Paranyctiophylaxkisoensis,2,malegenitalialateral; 3, malewingvenation.
Figure4, P. digitatus, malegenitalia lateral.
Figures5, 6, P. lumarius,5, malegenitalialateral;6 male genitalia ventral.
Figures7-10,P. kabaensis: 7, malegenitalia lateral; 8, malegenitalia ventral;9, lemalegenitalia lateral; 10,
femalegenitalia ventral. .
Figures 11-15, P. icelus: II, male genitalia lateral; 12, male genitalia ventral; 13, male wing venation; 14,
femalegenitalia lateral; 15,female genitalia ventral.
ia, inferior appendage; el, elbow of inferior appendage; ph, phallus; pp, paraproctal process; sa, superior appendage;vp, ventral plate.
196 A.NEBOISS
Other materialexamineil. Indonesia,SulawesiTenggara, 6ij
.
3kmSofTangkcno,PulauKabaena.350masl,6Nov 1989 (siteJS 8936) (KMNH); Io\samelocality7Nov 1989(site JS8938)(RMNH);2c?, I9,samelocality SNov 1989(site JS 8934) (RMNH);9o*.79, N slope Gaming Watuwila,
MokowoR .03"48'S, I2I°39'E,250-1 100masl, 11-19 Oct 1989 (site JS 8902) R. tie Jong and J. Huisman (NMV;
RMNH).
Description. Fore wingwithmedian cellclosed, venation as in Fig. 13. Length oftore wing: 6
4.0-4.6mm; 9 4.4-5.3mm.
Male genitalia (Figs II, 12), abdominal sternite
IX in lateral view short, suhtriangtilar, withdis-
tomesal projection; superior appendages elon- gate, slender; paraproclal process long, curved ventrad, apices bluntly rounded; inferior appendages slender, pointed apically. Phallus with small internal chitinousspine.
Female genitalia (Figs 14, 15) ventral plates small, sternite VIII, in ventral view with broad, rounded mesal lobe.
Etymology. From ikelos (Greek), 'like' refering tothe similarity of species in Australia.
Remarks. Thespeciesisdistinguishedfromother Sulawesi species by the slender inferior appendages, acute apically, and by theshape of superiorappendages.
Paranyctiophylax parvus (Mosely) Figures 16-19
Nyctiopkylax parvus Mosely in Mosely and Kimmins.
1953; 357,fig.246.
Paranyctiophylax parvus. - Neboiss 1993: 108.
Typematerial. Hololype o*. Australia, NorthernTerritory, Manhulla Station(=Manhulloo) I4"3I'S. I32"I2'E, 19 Jul
1929,Mackcrras and Campbell (ANIC)(type not seen).
Materialexamineil. Australia.NorthernTerritory. Io\ South Alligator R. at Gimbat. I3"34'S. I32"37'E. 24 May 1988.
hghitrap.A.WellsandP.Suter(i genitalie prep. PT-1816 figured)(NMV); 1o*.LitchfieldNationalPark.TolmcrFalls.
I ri2'S. I.WM.VE. MV light.4Sept 1992. A. Wells andJ.
Webber (NTMH).
North Queensland, Cape York. lo\ Gunshot Creek —
Telegraph x-ing. Il°44'S. I42°29'E. 14 Feb 1992. D.
Canwrightand A. Wells(QM); 26\BertieCreek. IkmSE Heathlands U.S.. 1I"34'S. 142°35'E. 4 Feb 1992. F>
Cartwrighl and A. Wells(NMV); 3d, Tributary ofBertie Creek250mS\VHeathlandsH.S.,4Feb 1992,D.Cartwrighl andA.Wells(QM); I<J, 19.samelocality II Feb 1992.D.
CartwrighlandA.Wells(NMV)(9genitalie prep.PT-1973
figured): 2o*. Eliot Creek above Canal Creek junction.
Il"23'S, I42°25'E.6Feb 1992,D.Cartwrighl andA.Wells (QM); 2d\ Middle Claudie R. Iron Range. l2"4h'S.
I43°16'E, 2-9 Oet 1974. M.S. Moulds (NMV); I(J, same
locality 23Oct 1974, M. S. Moulds(NMV); Irf,29,6km ENEMtTozer, I2"44'S, l43°l6'E,30Jun 1986,J.C. Cardale (ANIC;NMV);4 S,3km ENEMtTozer,2Jul 1986,J.C.
Cardale (ANIC); I $,9kmENE MtTozer,5-10Jul 1986,
J.C.Cardale(ANIC); I <J,Heathlands, Il°45'S, 142°35'E, 18 Aug 1992, at light, J. C. Cardale and P. Zborowski (ANIC).
Distribution. Originally described from a single
male specimen from Northern Territory, Aus-
tralia, it is now recorded from several localities
onCape York Peninsula.
Remarks. Males ofthisspecies (Figs 16, 17) are easilydistinguishedbytheapicallytruncatesupe- riorappendanges, robust, apically pectinateinfe- riorappendages, and strongly formed paraproc-
tal processes. The phallus has a pair ofcurved spines. Female genitalia are as illustrated (Figs 18, 19),thesterniteVIIIwithadistinctmesoven-
tral keel, distal margin produced mesally into a distinct rounded lobe; and ventral plates rather elongate ovoid.
Paranyctiophylax gyratus sp. nov.
Figures 20-25
Typematerial.Hololype $,PapuaNewGuinea,MamaiPlan- tation. I0"I6'S, I49°30'E. 150m asl..6Feb 1965, R. Straat-
man (BPBM)(<J genitalie prep. PT-1785. specimen dry mounted). Paratypcs: lo*. 19, collected with hololype (BPBM); 29. same locality 27 Jan 1965. R. Straatman (BPBM.NMV) 9 genitalie prep. PT-1965 figured, speci-
meninalcohol):16 29 samelocality29 Jan 1965. R. Straat-
man (BPBM. NMV) (o* genitalie prep. PT-1952 figured, specimen in alcohol); I9. same locality 30Jan 1965, R.
Straatman(BPBM)(drymounted).
Description.Colourofwingsdark-greyishbrown with obvious,somewhattriangular palegrayspot atbase of mediancell andsmall spot at arculus, venation as in Fig. 20. Length of fore wing:c?
3.6-3.7mm; 9 3.8-4.6mm.
Male genitalia (Figs 21-23) characteristic of genus; sternite IX subtriangular. mesoventral projection short; superior appendages elongate;
paraproctal processes slightly wider at base, apices bluntly rounded; inferior appendages
robust, broad at base, in ventral view evenly curved. Phallus with pair of apical chitinous spinesand 2 pairs atbase.
Female genitalia (Figs 24,25) sternite VIII in ventral viewbroadly rectangularat apex,ventral plates broad at base, abruptly narroweddistallv.
apices rounded.
Distribution. South-eastern PapuaNew Guinea.
A REVIEW OF THE GENUSPARANYCTIOPHYLAXTSUDA 197
Figures 16-19 Paranyctiophylaxparvus: 16,malegenitalialateral; 17,malegenitalia ventral; 18,femalegen-
'S^lsf^T^S^S
venation; 21. malegenitalialateral; 22, malegenitalia ventral; 23.mnlepenitaliadorsal- 24 femalegenitalialateral;25,femalegenitalia ventral
, .,.
Figure's"26-28*flavus'. 26,male 8
genitalialateral;27, malegenitalia ventral; 28, malegenitalia dorsal.
198 A.NEBOISS
Etymology. From gyrata (Latin), 'turning around' in reference tothe shape ofthe inferior appendagesinventral view.
Remarks. Males may be distinguished by the robust inferior appendages, and females by the broad rectangularsterniteVIII.
Paranyctiophylaxflavus (Ulmer, 1915) Figures 26-28
Nyctiophylax flavus Ulmer, 1915:45. —Ulmer, 1930:
424.—Ulmer, 1951: 122.
ParanyctiophylaxJlavus.—Neboiss, 1993: 108.
Material examined. 16,PapuaNewGuinea,MamaiPlanta- tion,EofPortGlasgow,10°16'S,I49"30'E,150mas!,27Jan 1965, R.Straatman(NMV)(c?gcnitalicprep.PT-1487fig- ured,specimendry mounted).
Distribution. PapuaNewGuinea.
Remarks. The original material (IS, 3$) from
the 'Kaiserin-Augusta-Fluss Expedition' (present day Sepik River, Papua New Guinea) was col-
lected at the base camp, Malu village (04°15'S, 142°53'E) about 100m asl. Noneofthis mater-
ial has been locatedeitheratBerlin Museum,or in the Ulmer Collection, Hamburg. In the absence oftype material and with insufficient details in the original illustrations, the species identity issomewhatuncertain. Aspecimen from Mamai Plantation, about 1000km south-east of thetypelocality, ishereidentified asthisspecies, although withsomereservation. The wingvena- tionagrees withthe describeddetails, forewing fork 4 and hind wing fork 2 are both sessile.
Some details of male genitalia (Figs 26-28)
appear slightly different, butthismay be due to
the original illustrations being prepared from a dried specimen. The tergiteX (IX ofUlmer) is
cleft apically, the superior appendages (appendages preanales ofUlmer) are propor- tionally smaller, the mesal spine (ein Dorn) is
actually at the apex of the phallus and in dried specimen may protrudedistally. Although three female specimens werecollected within the orig- inal material, they are neither described nor figured. No new female specimens were avail-
ablefor study.Thelength of forewingof males
is4.0-4.6mm.
The species is distinguished by the pale straw-yellow wing colour, the short and broad, roundedsuperiorappendages andthemesalspine
atthedistal endofthe phallus. Theillustrations referred to Paranyctiophylaxflavus by Neboiss 1993 represent Paranyctiophylax gyratus described in thispaper.
Paranyctiophylax eidolonus sp. nov Figures 29-33
Typematerial. Holotype 3,Australia, North Queensland, tipperFreshwater Creek, WhitfieldRangenr Cairns, I6°56'S, 145°42'E, 24Aug 1974, M. S. Moulds(NMV, T-12296.
Paratypes: 9c?,49,collectedwiththeholotype (NMV)(c?
genitalic prep.PT-1 977figured);4<5,29,samelocality, 15 Dec 1974, M. S. Moulds (ANIC;NMV;QM);4c?, same
locality,3Apr1975,M.S. Moulds(NMV);40c?, 159,Moss- manGorge, Daintree NationalPark, 17Nov1988, K.Walk- er(9 genitalicprep.PT-1996figured)(BPBM;NMV;QM;
RMNH); 5(J,MulgravcRiver8kmNWofGordonvale, 15
Nov1988, K.Walker(NMV);2c?,29,CrystalCascadesnr Cairns, lOJun 1971,E. F.Rick(ANIC;NMV)(drymount-
ed).
Other material examined. North Queensland,36,GapCreek, Mt Finlayson Range, S ofCooktown, 23 Nov 1974,M. S,
Moulds(NMV); 3c?,Woobadda R., I5°58'S, 145°22'E, 25 Aug 1992,atlight,J.C. CardaleandP.Zborowski (ANIC);
6c?,Behana Gorge nrCairns, 17°Il'S, 145°50'E, 16Nov
1982, T.Hinger(NMV).
Description. Colour of wings dark greyish- brown, in dry specimens fore wings with dark costal margin as well as several dark spots on cross-veins andat bases offorks, alsodark spot at arculus and at junction of anal veins. Wing
venation similar to P. flavus, fore wing median
cellclosed. Lengthofforewingicj 4.2-5.2mm;
9 4.9-5.5mm.
Malegenitalia(Fig.29)characteristicof genus, sterniteIXsubtriangular,mesoventral projection
in lateral viewdistinct;superiorappendageselon- gate, rounded apically; paraproctal processes gradually widened near base, apices rounded;
inferiorappendagesslender,curved, pointedapi- cally, basal elbow distinct with several strong setae atbase. Phallus (Figs 30, 31) terminating
Figures 29-33, Paranyctiophylaxeidolonus: 29,inale genitalialateral;30, phallus lateral; 31,phallus ventral;
32, femalegenitalialateral; 33,femalegenitalia ventral.
Figures34-37, P. dicellatus; 34,malcgenitalialateral;35,apexof phalluslateral; 36, femalegenitalia lateral;
37,femalegenitalia ventral.
Figures38-41, P. basispinosus: 38,malegenitalialateral; 39,apex ofphallus lateral;40, femalegenitalia lat- eral;41, femalegenitalia ventral.
AREVIEW OF THE GENUSPARANYCTIOPHYLAXTSUDA 199
