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American Jamal

of

Computational linguistics

Microfiche 35 : 4

A r t i f i c i a l I n t e l l i g e n c e C e n t e r S t a n f o r d R e s e a r c h I n s t i t u t e Menlo P a r k , C a l i f o r n i a 9 4 0 2 5

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and t h e n f u r t n e r down t h e t a r k c h a i n , T h e currant C e ~ t c x t t o b e

U # e d b y t h e d l l C 0 U r 8 e ~ ~ O C I I I O I Inctudcaa

( 1 1 A focus space c o n t a i n i n g t h e b b l r c t s c u r r e n t l y In focus

( 2 ) A link t o t h e c r r a c i & t o d n o d e In t h e t a r k m o d a l ( 3 1 A t y p e f l a g urQd

in

r a t t i n g up Q X p * c t a t i o n r ,

The t y p e i s necessary becru88 t h e r e

are

a u b d t r l o g s t h a t do not

4irectLy rcflCct on t h e t a s k S t r U c t U r a , For example, there e r a r a b d f a l 0 ~ ~ about t o o t I d ~ n t i f t c 4 t i o n (wWhrt i r

r

w h a e l p u l l r t ? ~ )

rna

f o o l ( WHoW do

I

u r e t h i s w r e n ~ h ? ~ ) . R a f t r ~ n c a r in t h e s e

i u b d ~ r l e g r do not f b l l o q t h e &@me f e w # space h i e r a r c h y a n d t a s k

The dlrlog S h a w n

In

T l b l e 1 W i l l b e examined t o s h o w h o w a

ca~#lnrtion

o f a t a s k model a n d focur spaces may be u l c d t o h e l p

I r Q U f d like You t o a r s e m b l a t h e a i r coaprasoot,

0.K.

I r u g p e r t you begin by r t t ~ c h L n g t h e pump t o t h e p l a t f o r m ,

0 4 ,

What #re You d o i n g now?

using t h e p l i e r s t o g a t t h e nut6 i n u n d e r n c r t h t h e p l a t f o r m ,

I r W l l z a t h f r i s c d l f f l c u l t t r r k ,

f@'m tiqhtaning t h e b a l t r now, T h e y a r e a l l In p 2 a c + , G o o d e

How tightly s h o u l d I install t h i s p i p s sibow t h a t f i t s i n t o t h e Pump?

Tabla I: O u b d l r L q g t o r aiteoaprerror r r r e m b l y ,

(11)

8hawn in F l g u r r 4 , The termo

w i n s t a l p ,

flconntct" @ a t t a c h N

r e f w t o conceptual a ~ t l a n s Pugher t h a n lexlcal :tam#, The

darhtd l l n a r

connect

h i g h e r level tasks t o t h e i r conrtituent r o b t a r k $ . T h e t i m e 8bqU@nC@ o f # t a p s in t h o task I t l e f t t o

r i g h t , T h e partial o t d a r i n g of t e $ k # 1 8 encoded w i t h t h e S and J

nodes. The S 1 or ANDBPLIT, n o d e indicatar t h r beginning of

ParaLltl

brrnchro In

t h e p a r t i a l otdertng, The n o d s 8 on arc8

coming o u t o f

an

3 node may b e done in any order0 The J I

~r

A N D J O I N , nsdc indlerter a p a i n t where several p a r a l l e l t a s k s nu8t

b e completed, The box@# t a b e l a d T are relevant t o t h e s u b d i a l o g

fragment

,

In t h e following rnaly8is o f t h e d i a l o g l t h e utterance6 a r e

r a l r t f o n

t o t h e d i a l o g h i r t o r y and t h e procedural net t a s k model.

(The @@arch

f o r

references inside

foeun

apace8 II c u r r e n t l y

implementadt Integratlbn w i t h t h e t a s k m o d e l I$ n o t , ) The c o n t e x t

intaraat i a n l i s t e d under ( 1 3 - ( 3 ) above Is shown

in

t h e

network1 ( 2 ) PNETTZE; ( 3 1 FSTYPE,

E;

X would l i k e you t o arr@mblt ttao a i r compgerror. k t 0 . K .

Er X ruggcat you b e g i n b y attaching t h e pump t a t h e p l r t t o t m ,

[ A t thL8 Point, we a t e a t task TI1 tncur spacer F60 and F61 S h o w

Ln

U g u t o 5 have been g a t

U P ~ J

CThil coULd

mean

I'm

d o n e l

b u t t h e

t r s ~ s n e c

come) right a f t e r thc

(12)

1

ASSEMBLE A I R COMPRESSOR

[image:12.771.78.684.133.872.2]

T A - 7 4 0 5 2 2 - 8 4

FIGURE 4 PARTIAL PRqCEDURAL NET FOR ASSEMBLING AIR COMPRESSOR

t

I N s T i L L .

I

)

0- AFTERCOOLER

i

. a .

E LBOV'' i

E

I

1

m e ,

I

I

1 l NSTALL , . * *

I

1 B E L T

I

* * m I

I

C PUMP

* * a

1

PULLEY

o m .

I

INSTALL

,I I

I e r n e

AGTERCOOLER

AFTERCOOLER

AFTERCOOLER

TO PUMP

POSITION

PUMP ON

-

PUMP TO

PLATFORM PLATFORM

-

T5

START PUMP- TIGHTEN PUMP-

MOUNT NUTS MOUNT NUTS

AND BOLTS

(13)

F SO

P N E T T I E TO

FSTYPE T A S K

F I G U R E 5 FOCUS SPACES FSO AND FS1

r

---

1

I

e

P L A T F O R M S

I

F S4

A T T A C H - 0 P S P N E T T I E T 4

F S T Y P E T A S K

B O L T / N U T S

P O S l T l Q N l N G S

I

I

I

PLIERS

LFS4

---

_I

T A - 7 4 0 5 2 2 - 8 6

[image:13.771.77.661.81.884.2]
(14)

C: What are you d a t n g

new?

(After

r

r u i t r b l r r a i t l n g p r r i o d , t h e r x p r r t q u r r l t r t h e p r o g r e r s

o f t h e u s a t , l

A t Wring t h e p l l t r r t o g e t t h e n u t s in u n . d e r n t r t h t h c p l a t f o r l n .

f R t h e p l l e r s w can be

r c r o l v e d

b e c r u s t t h r r r i s only on@ p a i r ! i t t h i s were b a t t h e Clttr t h e t a l k m d r l w o u l d h i v e t o b e

c o n r u l t r d . For b o t h * t h e

n u t s a

and . t h e p l r t t o t a a r t h e r J

hl@rrrchy i t consuJted. @The plat far^^^ P t f s in f a c u r Ln t h e

current

F a + There i 8

no

g l u n

o f

nuts

s o re look forward

in

t h e

t a s k model. The

relevant

p w t r

arc

l o e a t ~ d i n r u b t a s k T4, T h i s

C I U l e s a ntw contextr t o b e c c t a b l i r h e d a r s h o r n i n F i g u r e 6 . 1

Et I terlfte t h t r 1 6 r d i f f i c u l t task,

[An a t t e w g t t o a s r e s o t h e r p p r r n t t e e @ s p e t e c p t l a n o t t h e problew, Note t h a t a t t h r r point t h e t r r k baa b a r e l y b e g u n and t h e r x p t t t

docs

not

have

r

v e r y goad ~ a d e i o f t h ~ rpprcntfcs.1

A t 1% t f g h t e n i n g the b o l t s now, They're a l l t n p u c e ,

tFS4 contain, "he b a l t r R j t h e y were b r o u g h t I n t o f o e u s when T I

was g t a r t e d , u T h e y " i i d d r t e r ~ l n r d t o r e f e r t o ' t h e b a l t r V y checking thr obgaefr in t h a p r e v i a u s utterance f o r n u m b e r

.Ureesentr

Note

t h a t t h e Laat rtitamsnt c a n f ~ r w r t h e c l o s u r e a f

4 wT$ghtenQop*ns TS

, I

E t Good,

A 2 Hew tightly 8 h a u I d

Z

inrtrll t h l r p i p e ekb@W t h a t d l t r Lnta

the pun$?

[There i s

no

vJPe @%bow i~ t h e c u r r a n t Fa. ( N o t e that UP u n t i l

t h a t p o i n t

in

t h e Q P W Y t h e r p p r e n t r c e n i $ h t have b r a n a s k i n g

about task TS), We c l o s e T 5 t becruse o f t h e t r r k r t t u s t u r r t h i s

b r i n g 8 ur back up t o t h @ t o p Ievcl,

we

a r t a t t h e p o i n t o f

looklne i n t o

n a w

tcaks, A t p r a m n t a l l o f t t e r k s &re

ca%siSered

equally, Eventually Tb l r f o u n d fO l n v o l v s

an

albow,]

In r u m ~ ~ t i o n r

then@ t h e sacug 8 p a c w P ~ O V ~ ~ Q r way a L

taalrting

c e r t a i n parts a t t h r remantic

nst,

t h u 8 p t ~ Y i d i n g e w r y

(15)

t r g k r e t a p e n c e g , B o t h t h e tank mads1 and t h e f a c u r m a c a r are

linked t o t h e g e n e r a l k n o n l a d g I b r a e ; t h ~ ~ r i t Is p o s s i b l e t o Q O

from an i t e m bn e i t h e r t h e trrk madrl

or

a L a c u l ~ p a c a t o o t h e r

known b u t not p r e v i o u s l y

rafrrrncrd

information &bout t h a t i t e m ,

Tha f o c u s r p r e e ~ and ta@k model p r a v i d a rccrrr t o c o n t e x t

intormation about o b j e c t s

in

t h e d o s a l n , maklng i t P o r r t b l r t s

DIUtSCh, B l t b a r P G. The b t t u ~ t u r C b t Task-Oriented D l a l a p t .

C o n t r i b u t e d PIp@?Sr LEEE S Y M g o 8 l u R

on

b p a e c h R h b O ~ n i t l Q n ~

C a r n e ~ i e ~ n e l l o n U h i v e r a l t y , P i t t r b u r q h , P s n n r y l v r n l l ,

15-19 A g r l l 1 9 7 4 @ IEEE, N e w York, 1 9 7 4 , 2 5 0 1 2 5 4 .

Hendtix, Gary G. E x p r n d Z n p t h e U t l l l t y o f Saarntie NctworkL T h t a U p h Partitioning. Abvanee

Paperr

o t t h e F o u r t h I n t r r n s t i o n a ~

J o i n t CohP@tren~d on A r t l t i c i a 1 I n t @ l l X ~ ~ n c e ~ T b U l a i , Georgia, U88R, 3 - 1 S 4 p t c S b W 1 9 7 S , 1 1 5 4 2 1 ( e ) ,

H e n d r l x t Gary G, damant i c Praeasrpfng f a r S p @ @ e h

Undelrt%nding. Presented r t t h r ThLrtcenth Annual M a r t l n p o f t h e A ~ ~ e c i 8 t i e n bar

C o m ~ u t a t l o n r l

L i n $ ~ l @ t l e # , B o @ t ~ n , M a S l 4 e h U 1 6 t t t r

3 0 Q C t a b a t 6 1 N o v 4 m b e t 1995 ( & I ,

N 0 t 1 4 n r D, A l l R u B ~ ~ M P ~ , rb El, d t B 1 . r E x ~ l ~ r a f i o n s in

CopnitLon. W e Hq

rrrcmin

and Compmy, San Craneisco, 1 9 9 5 ,

Paxton, W l l l l r m H a r

and

Robinson, Ann E. Bystern Integration

and Control ln a B p t e c h U n d e t $ t b n d i n g Syfitem, P r e s e n t a d r t t h e

T h l r t W n t h Annuri Msrting o f t h e A ~ r o c l r t i o n f o r Computational tinoulrticr, Bortan, Ma$t@Chu#rtt#, 30 O c t o b r r

-

1 Novlmbar 197Jq

Rabln80nr d m @ J a A T u n ~ r b l ~ , Per Eormrnc* Grawmrr, P r r a e n t a d a t t h e T h l r t r a n t h Annual M w t l n g s f t h e A t r a ~ i r t i o n f a r Coaputrtianri L i n g u i 8 t i e r r B o 8 t a n r M r r r a c h u 8 a t t r r 30 O c t d b f ~

-

1 Novrmb@r 1 9 9 5 ,

Figure

FIGURE 3 SEMANTIC NET SHOWING PARSE SPACE FOR "BOX-END WRENCH"
FIGURE 4 PARTIAL PRqCEDURAL NET FOR ASSEMBLING AIR COMPRESSOR
FIGURE 5 FOCUS SPACES FSO AND FS1

References

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