Study of the Impact of The Deprivation of Students Studying at Secondary Level on Their Academic Achievement

(1)

ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij izHkko dk

v/;;u

fl;kjke ;kno ,lksfl,V izksQslj f'k{kd&f'k{kk ladk; usg: xzke Hkkjrh ekfur fo'ofo|ky;] bykgkckn

vfer flag 'kks/kNk= ,l0vkj0,Q0 ¼f'k{kk'kkL=½ usg: xzke Hkkjrh ekfur fo'ofo|ky;] bykgkckn

'kks/k vkys[k lkj& izLrqr v/;;u dk 'kh"kZd ^^ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij izHkko dk v/;;u** gSA ftlds mn~ns'; esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vUrxZr Nk= ,oa Nk=kvksa nksuksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij izHkko ns[kk x;k gSA ifjdYiukvksa ds vUrxZr 'kwU; ifjdYiuk dk ijh{k.k fd;k x;k gSA 'kks/k fof/k ds vUrxZr o.kZukRed vuqla/kku ds vUrxZr losZ{k.k fof/k dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA U;kn'kZ ds :i esa iz;kxjkt tuin ds 10 ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa dk Lrjhd`r ;kn`fPNd fof/k ls p;u dj mlesa v/;;ujr~ 400 fo|kfFkZ;ksa ftlesa ¼200 Nk= ,oa 200 Nk=kvksa½ dk p;u lk/kkj.k ;kn`fPNd fof/k ls fd;k x;kA v/;;u esa oapu ds ekiu gsrq izks0 ,l0ds0 iky] izks0 ds0,l0 feJ ,oa izks0 dYiyrk ik.Ms; }kjk fufeZr Mh0Ldsy ,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds d{kk 10 dh ijh{kk esa izkIr izkIrkad dks 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ds :i esa lfEefyr fd;k x;k gSA vr% fu"d"kZr% ik;k x;k oapu dk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij ldkjkRed izHkko iM+rk gSA oapu dh n`f"V ls fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k dks c<+kus ds fy, ljdkjh uhfr;k¡ vxzlj gqbZ gS ysfdu ljdkjh uhfr;ksa ls gh ugha lekt] ifjokj] fo|ky; vkfn dh ftEesnkfj;k¡ gksrh gS fd oapu dk lgh n`f"V ls Kku gksuk pkfg, ftlls fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k dks c<+k;k tk ldsa ,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks oapu dh n`f"V ls muds 'kkjhfjd] ekufld ,oa laosxkRed cqf) ij iM+us okys izHkko dks de djrs gq, muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k dk c<+k;k tk ldsA

dh&oMZ& ek/;fed Lrj] fo|kFkhZ] oapu] 'kSf{kd miyfC/k

izLrkouk&

f'k{kk ekuo fodkl ds lkFk&lkFk muds {kerkvksa dk fodkl] mlds Kku ,oa dyk dkS'ky esa o`f) ,oa O;ogkj esa ifjorZu] thou dh mnkjrk] mPprk lkSUn;Z ,oa mRd`"Vrk] ckyd dk oS;fDrd] 'kkjhfjd] ekufld vkSj HkkokRed fodkl djrh gSA dk.M ds vuqlkj ^^f'k{kk O;fDr dh ml iw.kZrk dk fodkl gS ftldh mlesa {kerk gSA**i

f'k{kk dks euq"; dk tUefl) vf/kdkj ekurs Fks xk¡/kh th dgrs Fks fd ge iztkrkfU=d mn~ns';ksa dks rc rd ughaa izkIr dj ldrs tc rd lk{kjrk Lrj vius ekud Lrj dks izkIr u dj ysA mu cPpksa dks ekuoh; dlkSVh ij fgalk dk f'kdkj ekurs Fks ftudks f'k{kk ds vf/kdkj ls oafpr j[kk x;k gksA vLrq xka/khth us bl ckr ij cy fn;k fdii_{] ^^jkT; dks}

^7 ls 14* o"kZ ds lHkh cPpksa ds fy, vfuok;Z ,oa fu%'kqYd izkFkfed f'k{kk dh O;oLFkk djuh pkfg,A**

(2)

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology (www.ijsrst.com)

1975

oafpr gksus dk vFkZ gS& ^jfgr gksuk* ;k ^foghu gksuk*A ;fn ge fdlh lqfo/kk ls fdlh dks foghu dj nsrs gSa rks og oafpr gks tkrk gSA ,okal] ¼1978½ ds vuqlkj] ^^oapu dk rkRi;Z fdlh ,slh oLrq dks gVk nsus ;k vR;f/kd lhfer dj nsus ls gS] tks oLrq izk.kh ds fodkl gsrq vR;f/kd vko';d gSA**iii_{VSusu ckSe ¼1969½ ds vuqlkj ^^oapu ,d ,slh ifjfLFkfr}

gS ftlesa fo'ks"k oká ,oa vkUrfjd dkjd mHkjrs gS] tks O;fDr dh LoiwfrZ dks izkIr djus ds fy, O;fDr ds O;ogkj fodYiksa dks lhfer cuk nsrs gSaA**iv

oapu dk rkRi;Z] ^^fdlh ,slh oLrq dks gVk nsus ;k vR;f/kd lhfer dj nsus ls gS] tks oLrq izk.kh ds fy, vR;f/kd vko';d gSA** vFkkZr~ oapu fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds xjhch] lkekftd&vkfFkZd Lrj] 'kkjhfjd] ekufld ,oa 'kSf{kd fodkl esa ls fdlh Hkh :i esa lqfo/kkjfgr gksus ls gSA oapu] fdlh u fdlh :Ik esa ckyd ;k O;fDr }kjk mu lHkh lqfo/kkvksa dks ughaa izkIr dj ikuk gS ftudh iwfrZ ls og lekt dk ,d lq;ksX; ukxfjd cudj Lo;a rFkk jk"Vª dk fodkl dj ldrk gSA ^^vf'kf{kr ekrk&firk cPpksa dh lqfo/kkjfgrrk ds fy, mRrjnk;h gksrs gSaA**v_{¼ysoh ,oa fjCcy 1993½A jkekJs jk; ,d}

jktuhfr 'kkL=h ekurs gS fd] ^^oapu dk izeq[k dkj.k xjhch gS D;ksafd blh dkj.k ls f'k{kk xzg.k djus esa O;fDr yksxksa dh vis{kk vyxko eglwl djrk gSA**vi_{¼flUgk] nqxkZuUn] f=ikBh ,oa feJk fxfj'kokj] 1982½A lkekftd :Ik ls oafpr ckydksa}

dh 'kSf{kd fu"ifRr Hkh izHkkfor gksrh gSA ^^lkekftd&vkfFkZd fLFkfr dk 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij iM+us okys izHkko ds v/;;u eas ik;k x;k fd mP p lkekftd vkfFkZd fLFkfr ds ckydksa dh 'kSf{kd miyfC/k fuEu lkekftd vkfFkZd fLFkfr ds ckydksa dh rqyuk esa vPNh FkhA**vii_{¼lR;kuUne 1969½A}

izLrqr v/;;u esa oapu dk 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij izHkko dks ns[kk x;k gS tgk¡ 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ;k 'kSf{kd izn'kZu f'k{kk dk og oká izLQqVu gS ftls fd] ^^fo|kFkhZ] f'k{kd rFkk f'k{k.k laLFkk vius 'kSf{kd y{;ksa dh izkfIr gsrq izkIr djuk pkgrs gSaA** 'kSf{kd miyfC/k dks lkekU;r% ijh{kkvksa rFkk lrr~ ewY;kadu }kjk ekik tkrk gS ¼'kekZ ,.M voLFkh] 1977½A 'kkjhfjd dfBukb;k¡ cgqr de gh lPph miyfC/k dk lkeuk dj ikrh gSaA O;fDr dk lokZaxh.k fodkl gh lPph miyfC/k gSA ¼eSLyks 1954½ 'kSf{kd miyfC/k og oLrq ;k vo/kkj.kk gS ftlds ek/;e ls ;g vuqeku yxk;k tkrk gSa fd] ^^fdlh vk;q Lrj ;k d{kk ds ckyd ds }kjk muds fy;s fu/kkZfjr tks U;wure y{; gSa og mUgsa fdruk o fdl :i esa izkIr dj fy;k gS ;k izkIr djus gsrq iz;kljr~ gSaA** ¼jkfcUlu ,.M jkfcUlu 1964½ T;knkrj fo|ky; vktdy 'kSf{kd miyfC/k esa ,lsles.V odZ [kqyh izos'k ijh{kk ,oa fo|kFkhZ }kjk lEiw.kZ o"kZ esa fd;s x;s dk;Z dks 'kkfey djrs gSaa tcfd izos'k izfØ;k Hkz"Vkpkj dk nwljk :i gS D;ksafd fcuk i<+k;s vki ckyd dks iwoZ f'k{kk ds vk/kkj ij mlds Hkfo"; dk fu/kkZj.k ughaa dj ldrs gSaA ¼es;j jkcVZ ,p0 1994½ vkt vkS|ksfxd lekt esa f'k{kk ,d O;olk; ds :i esa pyk;h tk jgh gSA le; le; ij f'k{kk dks ,d O;olkf;d ekudksa dh rjg 'kSf{kd miyfC/k dh ifjHkk"kk Hkh cnyrh tk jgh gS tcfd okLrfod :i ls f'k{kk ds fy;s vko';d gS fd] ^^ckyd ds izkd`frd xq.kksa dk loksZPp fodkl gks rkfd vkxs vkus okys thou esa og vius 'kkjhfjd] lkekftd] vkfFkZd lHkh izdkj ds dk;ksZa dks fcuk fdlh leL;k ds dj ldsaA** ¼ysfcu gsujh ,e0 1979½

oapu dk 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij izHkko fofHkUu 'kks/kksa }kjk bafxr gksrs gSaA] ^^ftlesa 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij xjhch dk vlj] ifjokjksa ds lkekftd&vkfFkZd Lrj ds lkFk lEHko gks ldrk gSA**viii_{¼Vkschl lh0 LVwoh 2007½ lkekftd&vkfFkZd i`"BHkwfe}

ds fofHkUu ?kVdksa vkSj 10oha d{kk ds Nk=ksa dh 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ds e/; egRoiw.kZ lEcU/k ik;k x;kAix_{¼xqIrk ,oa ykesjs}

2010½ lkekftd&vkfFkZd fLFkfr rFkk ckSf)d Lrj ds e/; mPp /kukRed lglEcU/k ik;k x;kA ¼xqIrk] fo'kEHkj n;ky] 1963½A

lkFk gh vkfFkZd oapu ls lEcfU/kr dqN 'kks/kksa ls bafxr gksrk gS fd xzkeh.k {ks=ksa ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh rqyuk esa uxjh; {ks=ksa ds fo|kFkhZ vkfFkZd :i ls vf/kd vPNs ik;s x;sAx_{¼pØorhZ 1988½ vkfFkZd fLFkfr dh detksjh ckydksa dh 'kSf{kd}

miyfC/k dks izHkkfor djrh gS ftlesa 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij vkfFkZd dkjdksa dk izHkko vf/kd ik;k x;kAxi_{¼vfrQ ;qlwQ}

edhn vy[kqrck 2013½A

v/;;u dk 'kh"kZd&

^^ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij izHkko dk v/;;uA**

v/;;u dk mn~ns';&

izLrqr v/;;u esa fuEufyf[kr mn~ns';ksa dk v/;;u fd;k x;k gS&

(3)

3- ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ Nk=kvksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij izHkko dk v/;;u djukA

ifjdYiuk,¡

izLrqr v/;;u esa fuEufyf[kr ifjdYiukvksa dk ijh{k.k fd;k x;k gS&

1- ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij dksbZ lkFkZd izHkko ugha gSA 2- ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ Nk=ksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij dksbZ lkFkZd izHkko ugha gSA 3- ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ Nk=kvksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij dksbZ lkFkZd izHkko ugha gSA

'kks/k fof/k&

izLrqr v/;;u esa v/;;udÙkkZ us ^^ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij izHkko dk v/;;u** dks tkuus ds fy, o.kZukRed vuqla/kku ds vUrxZr losZ{k.k fof/k dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA

tula[;k&

iz;kxjkt tuin ds ek/;fed Lrj ds fo|ky;ksa esa v/;;ujr~ Nk=&Nk=kvksa dks tula[;k ekuk x;k gSA

U;kn'kZ

iz;kxjkt tuin ds 10 ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa dk Lrjhd`r ;kn`fPNd fof/k ls p;u dj mlesa v/;;ujr~ 400 fo|kfFkZ;ksa ftlesa ¼200 Nk= ,oa 200 Nk=kvksa½ dk p;u lk/kkj.k ;kn`fPNd fof/k ls fd;k x;kA

midj.k&

(4)

1977

vk¡dM+ksa dk fo'ys"k.k ,oa O;k[;k&

mn~ns';&1 ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij izHkko dk v/;;u&

H01 ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij dksbZ lkFkZd izHkko ugha gSA lkj.kh la0 &1

ek/;fed Lrj ds mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh 'kSf{kd miyfC/k esa vUrj dks n'kkZrs gq, ,Q&vuqikr

lzksr df SS MS F lkj.kh eku

lewgksa ds e/; 2 225803.30 112901.65

80.45

F.05(2,397)=3.02

lewgksa ds vUnj 397 558515.48 1403.31

dqy 399 784318.778 114304.96

*-05 Lrj ij lkFkZd

lkj.kh la[;k 1 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gS fd ,Q&vuqikr dk eku 80-45 gSa] tks -05 lkFkZdrk Lrj ij df =398

ij lkj.kh eku 3-02 ls vf/kd gSA vr% 'kwU; ifjdYiuk fujLr dh tkrh gSA ,Q vuqikr ds vk/kkj ij dgk tk ldrk gS fd ek/;fed Lrj ds mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k esa fHkUurk gS vFkkZr~ muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij lkFkZd izHkko gSA

lkj.kh la0 & 1-1

ek/;fed Lrj ds mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ds e/;ekuksa ds vUrj dk Vh&vuqikr

Ø-la-

pj U;kn'kZ

(N)

e/;eku

(M)

D D t-eku lkFkZdrk

Lrj

1-

mPp ₁₀₃ _347.38

4.61 44.81 9.73 lkFkZd

e/;e ₁₈₅ _392.18

2-

mPp ₁₀₃ _347.38

5.11 62.74 12.27 lkFkZd

fuEu ₁₁₂ _410.12

3-

e/;e ₁₈₅ _392.18

4.48 17.93 4.00 lkFkZd

fuEu ₁₁₂ _410.12

(5)

mn~ns';&2 ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ Nk=ksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij izHkko dk v/;;u&

H02 ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ Nk=ksa ds oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij dksbZ lkFkZd izHkko ugha gSA

lkj.kh la0 &2

ek/;fed Lrj ds mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds Nk=ksa dh 'kSf{kd miyfC/k esa vUrj dks n'kkZrs gq, ,Q&vuqikr

lewgksa ds e/; 2 116341.78 58170.89

36.66

F.05(2,197)=3.04

lewgksa ds vUnj 197 314157.24 1586.65

dqy 199 430499.02 59757.54

*-05 Lrj ij lkFkZd

lkj.kh la[;k 2 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gS fd ,Q&vuqikr dk eku 36-66 gSa] tks -05 lkFkZdrk Lrj ij df =2, 197 ij lkj.kh eku 3-04 ls vf/kd gSA vr% 'kwU; ifjdYiuk fujLr dh tkrh gSA ,Q vuqikr ds vk/kkj ij dgk tk ldrk gS fd ek/;fed Lrj ds mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds Nk=ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k esa fHkUurk gS vFkkZr~ muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij lkFkZd izHkko gSA

lkj.kh la0 & 2-1

ek/;fed Lrj ds mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds Nk=ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ds e/;ekuksa ds vUrj dk Vh&vuqikr

Ø-la-

pj U;kn'kZ

(N)

e/;eku

(M)

Lrj

1-

mPp ₅₄ _350.19

6.90 50.41 7.31 lkFkZd

e/;e ₈₇ _400.60

2-

mPp ₅₄ _350.19

7.50 58.70 7.82 lkFkZd

fuEu ₅₉ _408.88

3-

e/;e ₈₇ _400.60

6.72 8.28 1.23 vlkFkZd

fuEu ₅₉ _408.88

(6)

1979

mn~ns';&3 ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ Nk=kvksa dh oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij izHkko dk v/;;u&

H03 ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ Nk=kvksa dh oapu dk muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij dksbZ lkFkZd izHkko ugha gSA lkj.kh la0 &3

ek/;fed Lrj ds mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds Nk=ksa dh 'kSf{kd miyfC/k esa vUrj dks n'kkZrs gq, ,Q&vuqikr

lewgksa ds e/; 2 115331.01 57665.50

48.25

F.05(2,197)=3.04

lewgksa ds vUnj 197 236645.11 1195.18

dqy 199 351976.12 58860.68

*-05 Lrj ij lkFkZd

lkj.kh la[;k 2 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gS fd ,Q&vuqikr dk eku 48-25 gSa] tks -05 lkFkZdrk Lrj ij df =2, 197 ij lkj.kh eku 3-04 ls vf/kd gSA vr% 'kwU; ifjdYiuk fujLr dh tkrh gSA ,Q vuqikr ds vk/kkj ij dgk tk ldrk gS fd ek/;fed Lrj ds mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds Nk=kvksa dh 'kSf{kd miyfC/k esa fHkUurk gS vFkkZr~ muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij lkFkZd izHkko gSA

lkj.kh la0 & 3-1

ek/;fed Lrj ds mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds Nk=kvksa dh 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ds e/;ekuksa ds vUrj dk Vh&vuqikr

Ø-la-

pj U;kn'kZ

(N)

e/;eku

(M)

Lrj

1-

mPp ₅₂ _345.69

5.96 39.53 6.63 lkFkZd

e/;e ₉₅ _385.22

2-

mPp ₅₂ _345.69

6.75 65.80 9.75 lkFkZd

fuEu ₅₃ _411.49

3-

e/;e ₉₅ _385.22

5.93 26.27 4.43 lkFkZd

fuEu ₅₃ _411.49

lkj.kh la[;k 3-1 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gS fd ek/;fed Lrj ds mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds Nk=kvksa dh 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ds e/;ekuksa ds e/; Vh&eku Øe'k% 6-63] 9-75 ,oa 4-43 gS] tks -05 lkFkZdrk Lrj ij lkFkZd vUrj gSA lkFkZd ;qXe rqyuk ls ;g Li"V gSa fd fuEu] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds Nk=kvksa dh 'kSf{kd miyfC/k esa lkFkZd vUrj gS] tcfd e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k esa vUrj ugha gSA vr% fu"d"kZr% dgk tk ldrk gS fd oapu Nk=kvksa dh 'kSf{kd miyfC/k dks izHkkfor djrk gSA

fu"d"kZ&

izLrqr v/;;u esa fuEufyf[kr fu"d"kZ izkIr gq;s&

1- ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k esa fHkUurk gS vFkkZr~ oapu dk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k dks izHkkfor djrh gSA

2- ek/;fed Lrj ij v/;;ujr~ mPp] e/;e ,oa fuEu oafpr oxZ ds Nk=ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k esa fHkUurk gS vFkkZr~ oapu dk Nk=ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k dks izHkkfor djrh gSA

(7)

vr% fu"d"kZr% dgk tk ldrk gS fd oapu dk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k ij ldkjkRed izHkko iM+rk gSA oapu dh n`f"V ls fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k dks c<+kus ds fy, ljdkjh uhfr;k¡ vxzlj gqbZ gS ysfdu ljdkjh uhfr;ksa ls gh ugha lekt] ifjokj] fo|ky; vkfn dh ftEesnkfj;k¡ gksrh gS fd oapu dk lgh n`f"V ls Kku gksuk pkfg, ftlls fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k dks c<+k;k tk ldsa ,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks oapu dh n`f"V ls muds 'kkjhfjd] ekufld ,oa laosxkRed cqf) ij iM+us okys izHkko dks de djrs gq, muds 'kSf{kd miyfC/k dk c<+k;k tk ldsA

lUnHkZ lwph

1. ik.Ms;] jke'kdy ¼2015½- mnh;eku Hkkjrh; lekt esa f'k{kd] vkxjk % vxzoky ifCyds'kUl] i`0 5 2. vkj-ch-yky ¼2012½] ^f'k{kk ds nk'kZfud ,oa lekt'kkL=h; fl)kUr jLrksxh izdk'ku esjB (i`0 328A 3. lqyeku] eksgEen ,oa dqekj] fnus'k] euksfoKku vkSj lkekftd leL;k,¡

4. "Deprivation (Social deprivation) may be characterized as a condition in which particular

external and internal factors merge to narrow a person's behaviour alterntives for achieving self-fulfillment."- Tannenbaum, 1969, m)`r&lqyeku] eksgEen ,oa dqekj] fnus'k] euksfoKku vkSj lkekftd leL;k,¡

5. ysoh] Mh0 ¼1943½] eSVjuy vksoj izksVsD'ku] U;w;kdZ dksyfEc;kA

6. flUgk] nqxkZuUn] f=ikBh ,.M feJk fxfj'okj ¼1982½- fMizkbos'ku bV~l lks'ky :V~l ,.M lkbdksykWftdy

dkUlsDosalst] dkUlsIV ifCyf'kax dEiuh] i`0 3

7. lR;kuUne~ ¼1969½- , LV~Mh vkWQ lkf'k;ks bdksukWfed LVsV~l ,.M vphoesUV] xouZesUV dkyst vkWQ ,twds'ku]

djuwyA

8. Vkschl lh0 LVwoh ¼2007½- ikoVhZ ,.M Ldwy ,fpoes.V % ,u ,fM'kuy b.MhdsVj QkWj lksf'k;ks bdksukWfed LVsV~l

bu Ldwy ,fpoesUV LV~Mht**] baLVhV~;wV Qkj Ldwy Msoyies.V fjlpZ] eSxMkysuk cqM~MhoxZ] baLVhV~;wV Qkj Ldwy Msoyes.V fjlpZ] i`0 1&15

9. xqIrk] ih0ds0 ,oa ,fcfu;k] ykejs ¼2010½- , LV~Mh vkWQ ,dsMsfed ,fpoes.V bu fjys'ku Vw lse lkbdks&lks'ky

oSfj;cYl vkWQ lsds.Mjh Ldwy LVwMsUV~l bu bZLV [kklh fgYl es?kky;] fMikVZes.V vkWQ ,twds'ku] Ldwy vkWQ ,twds'ku] ukFkZ&bZLVuZ fgy ;wfuoflZVh] f'kykaxA

10. pØorhZ] ,l0,0 ¼1988½- , fØfVdy LV~Mh vkWQ bUVsyhtsUl] lksf'k;ks&bdksukWfed cSdxzkm.M vkWQ n QSfeyh]

,twds'kuy buok;jesUVy vkWQ n QSfeyh ,.M DokfyVh vkWQ Ldwy bu fpYMsªsu] ih&,p0Mh0 ,twds'ku] iwuk ;wfuoflZVhA

11. ;qlwQ] vfrQ ,oa vy[kqrck] edhn ¼2013½- bEiSDV vkWQ n lksf'k;ks ,.M bdksukWfed QSDVlZ vkWQ ,dsMsfed