Choosing Media

Various Media



Oral media



Written media



Visual media

Oral Media



Face-to-face

conversations



Interviews



Speeches



Presentations

Analysis of Oral Media



Advantages

 _Immediate

feedback

 _{Ease of interaction}  _{Rich nonverbal cues}  _{Emotional content}



Disadvantages

 _Minimal

participation

 _Nonpermanent  _{Reduced control}  _{No editing or}

Written Communication



Memos



Letters



Reports

Analysis of Written

Media



Advantages

 _{Message control}  _{Audience reach}  _{Permanent record}  _{Minimize distortion}



Disadvantages

 _{Delayed feedback}  _{Lacks nonverbal}

cues

 _{Creation and}

distribution

 _{Preparation and}

Visual Media



Charts



Graphs

Analysis of Visual Media



Advantages

 _Expedite

communication

 _{Less intimidating}  _{Assist audience}



Disadvantages

 _{Learning time}

 _{Preparation time}  _{Transmittal and}

Electronic Media

 Oral communication  _{Telephone calls,}

teleconferencing,

voicemail, audio CDs, podcasts

 Written

communication

 _{Email, instant}

messaging, websites, wikis

 Visual communication  _{Electronic presentations,}

Analysis of Electronic

Media



Advantages

 _{Delivery speed}  _{Audience reach}  _Multimedia

 _{Accessibility}



Disadvantages

 _Overuse

Exercise: Choose a

communication medium for the

following:

 You want to know what team members are available

immediately for a quick teleconference meeting. They are all workaholics and stuck to their computers.

 As director of internal communication, you want to

convince top management of the need for an internal executive blog.

 As production manager, you want to make sure that

both sales manager and the finance manager receive your scheduling estimates.

 As a manager during a company reorganization, you

Style and Tone



Style: “Packing the maximum

amount of meaning into the

minimum possible number of words.”



Tone: Conveys “respect for your

audience’s position or situation”.



The only rule: Appropriateness

Empowering Language



Empowering Language leaves the

listeners with



a larger sense of capacity,



a larger sense of the possible,

a larger desire for growth and

development

Empowering Language



Listening VS Speaking



Clarifying VS Assuming



Inviting

VS

Ordering



Descriptive VS Judgemental Language



Truth Telling VS Manipulation and Lying

2012 Golden Bull

Nomination

UBS believe that the ‘New Normal’ economic environment of relatively low growth means that the ability to differentiate between secular and cyclical growth opportunities becomes more important and that for the foreseeable future the main driving influence on market sentiment will be the structural adjustments and the political capital required to help mitigate the contractionary influence of low growth.

What this means for portfolio construction is that in a low growth, low return, capital constrained environment, competitive advantage

favours a combination of income generative, conservatively funded, self-sustaining businesses - groups that UBS class as “dividend

Style



Accuracy



Facts and figures

Language

▪ _{Subject-Verb Agreement}

▪ The chief financial officer, as well as many other top managers, is (not are) on vacation.

▪ These new software products, like the one we

introduced last year, have (not has) been popular.

▪ _{Word choice}

Style



Clarity



Dangling modifiers

▪ _{As executives and buyers of McGregor’s Ltd., I}

am seeking your input regarding the new Employee Discount Program.

▪ _{As executive and buyers of McGregor’s Ltd.,}

you r input will be helpful to me in assessing the new Employee Discount Program.



Unfamiliar words

▪ _{construct (build, make), optimize (improve),}

Style



Clarity

Jargon

▪ _{The Golden Rule is another codification of}

considerations which should govern our choice of actions lest we end by sub-optimizing in terms of our interpersonal objectives. (Obeying the Golden Rule helps people get along with each other.)



Long noun sequences

Style



Brevity

 _{Extra words}

▪ _{The course of the action that we recommend (our}

recommendation)

▪ _{In view of the fact that (because)} ▪ _{Consensus of opinion (consensus)}

 _Redundancies

▪ _{Basic fundamentals (fundamentals), final outcome}

(outcome)

 _{It is/There are starters}

▪ _{There are five employees who were late to work today.}

Style



Vigor



Active voice (except when accusatory or

self congratulatory)

▪ _{The new procedure was developed by the}

operation team. (The operations team developed the new procedure.)

▪ _{You lost the shipment. (The shipment was}

lost.)



Parallel structure

▪ _{To waste time and missing deadlines are bad}

Style



Vigor



Placement of important ideas (end or

beginning)

▪ _{The advertising campaign was cancelled,}

although the initial results were encouraging up to a point. (Although the initial results

were encouraging up to a point, we cancelled the advertising campaign.)



Avoid obsolete and pompous style

▪ _{We are in receipt of (we have received)} ▪ _{Attached please find (Enclosed is/I have}

enclosed)

▪ _{It has come to my attention (I have just}

Exercise: Revise the

Following



Kindly be advised that permission is hereby

granted to delay remittance until the 12

.



Your negligence in the matter caused the

damage to the equipment.



We expect to deliver the goods in the event

that we receive the money.



Verification of the amount is made daily by

the auditor.



All employees are herewith instructed to

Tone



Avoid commanding or authoritative

tone



We would like to inform you that we

cannot accept the irresponsible attitude

shown by your supervisory staff towards

work and safety rules at the site. We are

calling for an immediate change on your

part, failure to which we will take

Tone

 Avoid a condescending and accusatory tone

 _{“Let me see if I can put this in terms simple enough for}

you.”

 _{“Your negligence caused the damage.”}

 Avoid ‘exclusive’ language

 _{Gender, racial, age, or other biases}  _{Self projection}

 Avoid flattery