KERAJAAN MALAYSIA
JABATAN KERJA RAYA MALAYSIA
CAWANGAN JALAN KETUA PENGARAH KERJARAYA IBU PEJABAT JABATAN KERJARAYA MALAYSIA JABATAN KERJARAYA MALAYSIA JALAN SULTAN SALAHUDDIN, JALAN SULTAN SALAHUDDIN
STANDARD SPECIFICATION
FOR
ADDENDUM NO. 1
This Addendum shall be made part of the ‘JKR Standard Specification For Roads Works’ 1. Table 4.8 - Gradation Limit For Asphaltic Concrete Clause 4.2.4.2, page S4 – 21
should read as follows :
Mix Type Wearing Course Binder Course Mix
Designation
ACW 20 ACB 28
B.S Sieve % Passing by weight
37.5 mm 28.0 mm 20.0 mm 14.0 mm 10.0 mm 5.0 mm 3.35 mm 1.18 mm 425 um 150 um 75 um 100 76 -- 100 64 -- 89 56 -- 81 46 -- 71 32 -- 58 20 -- 42 12 -- 28 6 -- 16 4 -- 8 100 80 -- 100 72 -- 93 58 -- 82 50 -- 75 36 -- 58 30 -- 52 18 -- 38 11 -- 25 5 -- 14 3 -- 8
2. Table 4.9- Design Bitumen Contents Clause 4.2.4.3, page S4 - 23 should read as follows :
ACW 20 - Wearing Course
4.5 -
- 6.5 %
ACW 28 - Binder Course
4.0 -
- 6.0
ADDENDUM NO. 2
This Addendum shall be made part of the ‘JKR Standard Specification For Roads Works’ 6.2.5.5 Sign Faces
Sign faces for permanent traffic sign shall be as shown on the Drawing and shall comply with the Malaysian Standard Specification for Reflective Sign Faces Materials (MS 1216). All retro-reflective sheeting shall be fixed in accor-dance with the manufacturer’s instruction. Unless otherwise agreed by the S.O., sign faces shall be formed from a single piece of retro-reflective sheeting.
Where, with the aggrement of the S.O., more than one retro-reflective sheeting is used, the number of sheets shall be kept to a minimum. All faces up to 1 m in size shall be produced with a single sheet and no joint will be accepted.
Only vertical and horizontal joint shall be per-mitted and all join in retro-reflective shetting shall be overlapped by not less than 6 mm. The overlap in the horizontal joint shall be from the top and the vertical joint shall be from the left; but joints will be only be accepted for prismatic retro-reflective sheeting.
Retro-reflective sheeting shall be applied evenly over the whole surface of the sign plate and shall adhere fully. it shall be free from twists, cracks, folds or cuts, air bubbles and other blemishes.
All retro-reflective sheeting used on the same sign shall be carefully matched for colour to produce a uniform appearance both by day and by night. Non-uniform shades of colour on any one sign will not be accepted.
The edges of all the retro-reflective sheeting shall be properly fitted to ensure no delimination of the sheeting from the base substrate.
where shetting is applied to the extruded section by pressure roller, it shall extend over the top and bottom edges of this sections by not less than 3 mm.
Any cut-outlet letters, numerals, symbols and borders shall be of material compatible with the sheeting to which they are applied. They shall be applied in accordance with the sheeting manufacturer’s instruction.
The finish of all sign faces shall be capable of passing the tests described in MS 1216, and and standard of fabrication and workmanship shall be such that under normal conditions of service and proper maintenance, the sign faces shall last not less than 5 years without any seriousblemishes or defects for Engineering Grade retro-reflective sheeting and 8 years for High Intensity and prismatic retro-reflective sheeting.
The Contractor shall furnish to the S.O. a letter of warranty for the specified period for all sign faces from the manufacturer of the sheeting or the sign fabricator.
The retro-reflective sheeting manufacturer shall furnish the S.O. written warranty that the fluo-rescent colours shall be durable for a minimum 3 years for temporary signs.
6.2.6.1.2 Requirements i) Photometric - Coefficient of
Retroreflection RA
when the sheeting applied on aluminium test panels is measured in accordance wth ASTM E 810, it shall have minimum coefficient of retro-reflective value as shown in Table I. The rotation angle shall be *90° , the observation angles shall be 0.2° and 0.5°, the entrance angles and +50°, and the entrance angle (component ß1) shall be - 4°, +30°, and +50°, and the entrance angle component ß2 = 0°.
ADDENDUM NO. 3
This Addendum shall be made part of the ‘JKR Standard Specification For Roads Works’
6.2.6.1
FLUORESCENT ORANGE WIDE ANGLE PRISMATIC
RETRO-REFLECTIVE SHEETING FOR THE WORK ZONE
6.2.6.1.1 Description
The flurescent orange wide angle prismatic retro-reflective sheeting is specifically designed for use on rigid substrade work zone signs to provide high visual impact under nighttime and daytimedriving condition, including low visibility periods such as dawn, dusk, and overcast days. The sheeting shall consist of prismatic lenses formed in a transparent flurescent orange synthetic resin, sealed, and baked with and aggressive presure sensitive adhesive protected by a removable liner. The sheeting shall have a smooth surface with a distinctive interlocking diamond seal pattern and orrientation marks visible from the face.
TABLE I
Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection RA (Candelas per footcandle per square foot)
(90° Rotation Angle*)
Observation Angle ( ° ) Entrance Angle ( ° ) Orange
0.2 0.2 0.2 1.5 0.5 0.5 - 4 +30 +50 -4 +30 +50 200 120 50 80 50 20
* The datum mark (arrow) imprinted on the face of the sheeting shall be the datum mark for test purposes. For the specified 90° rotation angle, the sheeting shall be positioned on the goniometer so that the direction of this datum mark is perpendicular to the observation plane (this geometry is equivalent to a 90° orientation angle with a presentation angle of 0° in the measurement geometry described in Fed. Test Method Standard 370).
i) Daytime Color
Color shall conform to the reqiurement of Table II. Daytime color and
maximum spectral radiance factor (peak reflectance) of sheeting mounted on aluminium test panels shall be
determined instrumentally in accordance with ASTM E 991.
The value shall be determined on a HunterLab Labscan 6000 0/45 spectrocolorimeter with option CMR 559 [or approved equal 0/45 (45/0) instrument withcircumferential viewing (illumination)]. Computation shall be done in accordance with ASTM E 308 for the 2° observer.
TABLE II
Color Specification Limit ** (Daytime)
Color 1 2 3 4 Reflectance Limit Y (%) X Y X Y X Y X Y Min. Max. Orange (New) Orange (Weathered) .583 .583 .416 .416 .523 .523 .397 .397 .560 .560 .360 .360 .631 .631 .369 .369 30 20 -45
Maximum spectral radiance factor, new : 110%, min. weathered : 60%, min.
iii) Nighttime Color.
Nighttime color of the sheeting applied to alumium test panel shall be determined instrumentally in accordance with ASTM E 881 and calculated in the u’, v’ coordinate system in accordance with ASTM E 308. Sheeting shall be measured at 0.33° observation and - 4° entrance at 90° rotation. Color shall conform to the requirements of Table III. ** The four pairs of chromaticity coordinates determine the acceptable color in terms of the CIE
1931 standard colorimetric system measured with standard illuminatant D65.
TABLE II
Color Specification Limit ** (Nighttime)
Color 1 2 3 4
u’ v’ u’ v’ u’ v’ u’ v’
Orange (New and Weathered)
iv) Resistance to Accelerated Weathering. The retro-reflective surface of the sheeting shall be weather resistant and show no appreciable cracking, blistering, crazing, or dimensional change after 1 year’s
unprotected outdoor exposure in south Florida, south-facing and inclined 45° from the vertical, or after 1500 hours’ exposure in a xenon arc weatherometer in accordance with ASTM G 26, Type B, Method A. Following exposure, panels shall be washed in a 5% HCL solution for 45 seconds, rinsed throughly with clean water, blotted with a soft clean cloth and brought to equilibrium at standard conditions. After cleaning, the coefficient of retroreflection shall be not less than 100 when measured as in D.2, below, and the color is expected conform to the
requirements of Table II and III for weathered sheeting. The sample shall : a) Show no appreciable evidence of
cracking, scaling, pitting, blistering, edge lifting or curling or more than 1/32 inch (0.08 cm) shrinkage or expansion. b) Be measured only at angles of 0.2°
observation, - 4° entrance and 90° rotation. Where more than one panel of a color is measure, the coefficient or retroreflection shall be the averange of all determinations.
v) Impact Resistance.
The retroreflective sheeting applied according to the sheeting manufacturer’s recommendations to a test panel of alloy 6061-T6, 0.040” (0.10 cn) by 3” (7.6 cm) by 5” (12.7 cm) and conditioned for 24 hours, shall show no cracking outside the impact of 100 inch-pounds (11.3Nm) using a weight with a 5/8 in. (15.8 mm) diameter rounded tip dropped from a height necessary to generate an impact of 100
vi) Resistance to Heat.
The retroreflective sheeting, applied to a test panel as in E., above and conditioned for 24 hours, shall be measured in accordance with paragraph. A. at 0.2° observation and - 4° entrance angles at 90° rotation and exposed to 170 + 5°F (77 + 3°C) for 24 hours in an air circulating oven. After heat exposure the sheeting shall retain a minimum of 70% of the original coefficient of retroreflection.
vii) Field Performance
Retroreflective sheeting processed and applied to sign blank materials in accodance with the sheeting
manufacturer’s recommendations, is expected to perform effectively for a minimum of 3 years. the retroreflective sheeting will be considered unsatisfactory if it has deteriorated due to natural causes to the extent that : (1) the sign is ineffective for its intended purposed when viewed from a moving vehicle under normal day and night driving conditions; or (2) the coefficient of retroreflection is less than 100 when measured at 0.2° observation and - 4° entrance at 90° rotation. All measurements shall be made after sign cleaning according to the sheeting manufacturer’s recommendations.
STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR ROADS WORKS
CONTENT PAGE
SECTION 1 General S1-11 to S1-31
SECTION 2 Earthworks S2-1 to S2-20
SECTION 3 Drainage Works S3-1 to S3-31
SECTION 4 Flexible Pavement S4-1 to S4-55
SECTION 5 Portland Cement Concrete Pavement S5-1 to S5-21
SECTION 6 Road Funiture S6-1 to S6-22
SECTION 7 Street Lighting S7-1 to S7-19
SECTION 8 Traffic Signals S8-1 to S8-33
SECTION 9 Concrete S9-1 to S9-39
SECTION 1
GENERAL
SECTION 1 - GENERAL
Page
1.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT S1-11
1.2 SCOPE OF WORKS S1-11
1.3 NOTES, ABBREVIATIONS AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT S1-11
1.3.1 Notes S1-11 1.3.2 Abbreviations S1-11 1.3.3 Units of Measurement S1-11 1.4 PROGRAMME OF WORKS S1-12 1.5 LIMITATION OF SITE S1-12 1.6 SUPPLY OF MATERIALS S1-12
1.7 MATERIALS OF MALAYSIAN ORIGIN S1-12
1.8 SETTING OUT S1-13
1.9 DIMENSIONS AND LEVELS S1-13
1.10 PROTECTION OF WORKS S1-13
1.11 DESIGN OF TEMPORARY WORKS BY THE CONTRACTOR S1-13
1.12 CONTRACTOR'S SUPERINTENDENCE S1-14
1.13 INSPECTION AND TESTS S1-14
1.14 COVERING UP OF WORK S1-14
1.15 OFFICE ACCOMMODATION FOR S.O. AND HIS STAFF S1-14
1.16 VEHICLES FOR THE S.O.'S STAFF S1-16
1.17 CONTRACTOR'S OFFICE AND ACCOMODATION S1-16 1.18 MATERIAL TESTING LABORATORY AND STAFF S1-16 1.19 PROVISION FOR SURVEY INSTRUMENTS AND CHAINMEN S1-17 1.20 MAINTENANCE OF EXISTING ROADS AND PROTECTION
OF TRAFFIC S1-17
1.20.1 Maintenance of Existing Roads, Bridges, Culverts, etc. S1-17
1.20.2 Temporary Diversions S1-17
1.20.3 Half-width Construction and Traffic Control S1-18
1.20.4 Temporary Traffic Signs S1-19
1.20.5 Temporary Works S1-19
1.21 LOCATION, TEMPORARY PROTECTION AND TEMPORARY DIVERSION OF PUBLIC UTILITY INSTALLATIONS AND
OTHER SERVICES S1-19
1.22 WATER AND ELECTRICITY SUPPLY S1-20
1.23 PROJECT SIGNBOARD S1-20
1.24 PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD OF WORKS S1-20
1.25 AS-BUILT DRAWINGS AND MICROFILMING S1-21
1.26 CLEARING UP OF SITE S1-21
Page
APPENDIX 1A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT S1-22
APPENDIX 1B SCOPE OF WORKS S1-23
APPENDIX 1C VEHICLES FOR S.O. AND HIS STAFF S1-24 APPENDIX 1D LIST OF LABORATORY EQUIPMENT
(a) Soil Testing Equipment S1-25
(b) Concrete Testing Equipment S1-27
(c) Flexible Pavement Testing Equipment S1-27
APPENDIX 1E SURVEY EQUIPMENT S1-30
SECTION 1 - GENERAL
1.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF
THE PROJECT
The general description of the project is as given in Appendix 1A.
1.2 SCOPE OF WORKS
The Works covered in this Contract comprise the provision by the Contractor at his own risk and cost of all materials, tools, plants, labour, transport and everything else necessary for the construction and completion of the Works as given in Appendix 1B all to the approval of the S.O.
1.3 NOTES, ABBREVIATIONS AND
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
1.3.1 Notes
i) Any clause in this Specification which relates to work or materials not included in the Works shall be deemed not applicable.
ii) Unless stated to the contrary, any dimension of material described means the finished or fully compacted dimension.
iii) All Standards and Codes of Practice referred to in this Specification shall be deemed to be the editions current at the time of Tender. If the Malaysian Standard exists, which the S.O. deems to be equivalent to the British or other Standard specified, then the Malaysian Standard shall be followed.
In the event of any discrepancy between the provision of this Specification and the provision within the relevant Standards or Codes of Practice as mentioned in this Specification, then the provision of this Specification shall take
iv) The terms "Engineer" and "Superintending Officer" shall be synonymous.
1.3.2 Abbreviations
a) M.S. means Malaysian Standards published by the Scientific and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM).
b) B.S. means British Standards published by the British Standard Institution.
c) A.A.S.H.T.O. means The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.
d) A.S.T.M. means The American Society for Testing and Materials. e) M.D.D. means Maximum Dry
Density.
f) O.M.C. means Optimum Moisture Content.
g) C.B.R. means California Bearing Ratio.
h) S.O. means Superintending Officer. i) B.Q. means Bill of Quantities.
1.3.3 Units of Measurement
All units of measurement used in this Specification and in the Bill of Quantities shall be in accordance with the metric system unless otherwise stated.
Where British Imperial units are shown or stated the following conversions shall apply
:-1 inch = 25.40 millimetres 1 foot = 0.3048 metres 1 lb = 0.4536 kilograms 1 gallon = 4.5461 litres 1 lb/sq.in = 6.895 x 10-3 N/sq.mm 1.4 PROGRAMME OF WORKS
Within thirty (30) days after the receipt of the Letter of Acceptance of Tender, the Contractor shall submit to the S.O. for his approval a programme showing the order of work activities and time schedule in which the Contractor proposes to carry out the Works and shall, whenever required by the S.O. or the S.O.'s representative, furnish in writing, particulars of the Contractor's arrangement for carrying out such works and of the construction plants and temporary works, if any, which the Contractor intends to supply, use or construct as the case may be. The submission to and approval by the S.O. or the S.O.'s representative of such a programme or the furnishing of such particulars shall not relieve the Contractor of any of his duties or responsibilities under the Contract. If at any time it should appear to the S.O. that the actual progress of the Works does not conform to the approved programme referred to herein before, the Contractor shall submit for approval, a revised programme showing the modifications to the previously approved programme necessary to ensure the completion of the whole Works within the time set for completion.
1.5 LIMITATION OF SITE
The Contractor shall ensure that all his plants, materials, temporary workshops,
Should the Contractor require additional land outside the Site for his workyards, stores, offices, temporary haul roads or any other temporary structures, he shall, on his own, purchase or rent any additional area he may need.
Areas or area to be rendered as part of the Site shall be subject to the S.O.'s approval.
1.6 SUPPLY OF MATERIALS
The Contractor shall place orders for specified materials at such times as will enable him to execute the Works in accordance with his approved
programme.
If the Contractor's failure to supply any material causes any interruption or delay in the progress of the Works, the Government may supply any portion or all of the materials and the cost borne by the Contractor shall be either that as calculated at the current market rates or the actual cost to the
Government at the date of supply, including overheads or any other charges, whichever is the greater. Any costs incurred under this Section shall be deducted from the Contract Sum. No claim for loss of profit under the conditions of this Contract shall be deemed to have arisen. No action taken under this Section shall in any way affect or modify the right of the
Government to claim for damages in the event of the Contractor's failure to complete the Works by the agreed date.
1.7 MATERIALS OF MALAYSIAN
ORIGIN
Materials of Malaysian origin where available must be used by the Contractor to the exclusion of imported materials
Under no circumstances shall the Contractor be permitted to use imported materials unless he can prove to the satisfaction of the S.O. that the
materials are not available locally, or if available are not of an acceptable standard.
1.8 SETTING OUT
Before commencing the Works at any location, the Contractor shall provide and install precast concrete reference beacons on both sides of the road centre-line at a spacing of 300 metres. The beacons shall be firmly sited at right angles to the centre-line at a distance from the centre-line of 15 metres or such other distance as directed by the S.O. The beacons shall be not less than 75 mm square in plan and shall project at least 600 mm above the surrounding ground. Each beacon shall be clearly marked with its chainage and elevation above datum.
The Contractor shall take all practicable steps to safeguard the beacons including fencing and concreting-in where necessary in the opinion of the S.O. and shall immediately replace any damaged beacons. The Contractor shall give the S.O. not less than 24 hours notice of his intention to set out or give levels for any part of the Works in order that arrangements may be made for checking.
1.9 DIMENSIONS AND LEVELS
All temporary benchmarks, reference markers and levels as shown on the Drawings shall be checked on the Site by the Contractor at his own expense and be confirmed by the S.O.
Before the Works or any part thereof are commenced, the Contractor shall verify the levels of the existing ground surface within areas where earthworks are to be performed and the locations and bed levels of water-courses. These may differ from the locations and levels shown on the Drawings owing to changes which could have taken place during the interval between the original survey and construction.
The levels and dimensions taken by the Contractor jointly with the S.O. shall form the basis of measurement of the relevant work quantities.
1.10 PROTECTION OF WORKS
From the commencement of the Works to the date the Works are taken over by the Government, the Contractor shall take full responsibility for the care there of together with all temporary works and in case any damage, loss or injury shall happen to the Works or to any part thereof or to any temporary works from any cause whatsoever, he shall at his own cost repair and make good the same so that at completion, the Works shall be in good order and condition and in conformity in every respect with the requirements of the Contract and the S.O.'s instructions. The Contractor shall also be liable for any damage to the Works occasioned by him in the course of any operations carried out during the Defects Liability Period.
1.11 DESIGN OF TEMPORARY WORKS BY THE CONTRACTOR
Unless otherwise provided in the Drawings, the Contractor shall submit to the S.O. for his approval, 2 copies of all working or shop drawings produced by him including all drawings made by his approved sub-contractors for all
Such submission shall be made at least two weeks before the temporary work is scheduled to commence.
Notwithstanding the approval by the S.O., the Contractor is solely responsible for the adequacy and safety of his work and for any necessary modification or addition whenever found necessary by the S.O.
1.12 CONTRACTOR'S SUPERINTENDENCE
The Contractor shall provide all necessary superintendence during the execution of the Works and as long thereafter as the S.O. may consider necessary for the proper fulfillment of the Contractor's obligations under the Contract.
A competent Site Agent, whose appointment shall be approved by the S.O., shall be employed by the Contractor for management on Site. The Site Agent shall have the authority to receive instructions from the S.O. and to act on behalf of the Contractor. The Site Agent shall be stationed on Site for the whole duration of the Contract and shall not be replaced without the approval of the S.O.
If the Site Agent needs to be absent from Site for more than three (3) consecutive days, he shall give prior notice to the S.O. who may require the Contractor to temporarily appoint another Site Agent.
1.13 INSPECTION AND TESTS
The S.O. or his representative may at any stage of the Works carry out inspection, measurement and tests on any part of the Works to ensure
compliance with the requirements of this Specification and of the Drawings.
The Contractor shall provide the
necessary attendance whenever required by the S.O. or his representative.
Notwithstanding any tests which may have been carried out off the Site, the S.O. shall be empowered to order further tests of any materials or goods to be made on the Site and to reject such materials or goods should they fail to pass such tests on Site.
When required by the S.O., the Contractor shall submit a copy of the result of any quality control test carried out by the Contractor on his own during the progress of the Works.
1.14 COVERING UP OF WORK
Before any part of the Works is
permanently covered up, the Contractor shall give due notice to the S.O. for the inspection and measurement of dimensions. The S.O. shall attend without unreasonable delay for the purpose of examination and measurement unless he considers it unnecessary and advises the Contractor accordingly.
1.15 OFFICE ACCOMMODATION FOR S.O. AND HIS STAFF
The Contractor shall provide and maintain a site office for the use of the S.O. and his supervisory staff, all in accordance with the relevant Drawings inclusive of all furniture and fittings as shown on the Drawings.
The Contractor is permitted to provide a relocatable site office as an alternative to the JKR designed type shown on the Drawings.
The quality of such a relocatable site office shall be of equivalent standard but not inferior to the JKR designed type and shall be equipped with similar furniture and fittings as indicated in the JKR designed site office.
Where a relocatable site office is to be provided, the Contractor shall submit details of the relocatable site office together with his tender. Such details should include the name of the
manufacturer, floor area and layout, list of furniture and fittings and brochures if available. The Contractor shall also indicate whether the proposed site office is new or otherwise.
Unless otherwise shown on the Drawings, the site office is to be sited, constructed and positioned as approved by the S.O.
The Contractor shall make proper arrangements for and pay all charges in connection with conservancy. The site office shall comply with local building by-laws. It shall be erected or provided by the Contractor within four (4) weeks from the date of possession of Site. On completion of the Works, the Contractor shall further maintain the site office till the end of the Defects Liability Period unless otherwise directed by the S.O. and thereafter remove from the Site the site office with all furniture and fittings which become the property of the Contractor.
Where electricity and piped water are available from public utility authorities, the Contractor shall arrange for the site office to be connected to the electricity and water supplies.Otherwise, the Contractor shall supply the site office with electric power from generators and shall provide an adequate supply of water for washing and potable filtered
Sanitary facilities with disposal to septic tanks located not nearer than 5 m from the building shall be provided. The office shall be illuminated by fluorescent fittings giving a general level of illumination of at least 2 lumens/ sq.m. Additional lighting in the form of wall or deck lamps shall be provided where required by the S.O. Lighting to toilets and corridors may be by tungsten filament bulbs.
Thermostatically controlled air-conditioners capable of maintaining a temperature below 23°C in the office shall be provided.
The Contractor shall arrange for the installation of a telephone with a separate connection to the telephone exchange for the exclusive use of the S.O. at all times. The telephone shall also be be fitted with 4 extensions unless not required by the S.O. The Contractor shall be responsible for the connection to such exchange and the payment of rental for the telephone services but the Government shall reimburse the Contractor for the cost of making calls. Where a telephone exchange is not within practical distance, an automatic mobile telephone such as the ATUR (Automatic Telephone Using Radio) service shall be provided.
The Contractor shall keep the offices accessible at all times and in every way habitable for working purposes
throughout the duration of the Contract. The Contractor shall also provide such labour and cleaning materials as are required to maintain the site office in a thoroughly clean and sanitary condition.
1.16 VEHICLES FOR THE S.O.'S STAFF
The Contractor shall provide new vehicles as listed in the B.Q. and Appendix 1C for the sole use of the S.O. and his staff at all times. All necessary fuel, oil and lubricants, general
maintenance, comprehensive insurances and roadtax shall be provided by the Contractor together with a licensed and competent driver for every vehicle. Replacement vehicles shall be provided when normal vehicles are not available such as during periods of servicing, maintenance or repair. The vehicles will revert to the Contractor at the
completion of the Contract unless otherwise stated in the B.Q.
1.17 CONTRACTOR'S OFFICE AND ACCOMODATION
The Contractor shall provide and maintain a suitable office for himself and his staff in a position or positions to be approved by the S.O.
In addition, the Contractor shall provide and maintain temporary accomodation and living facilities, stores, workshops, etc., including all necessary services for water supply, drainage and lighting for his staff. Before any work can commence the Contractor shall submit to the S.O. details of the proposed buildings and services and shall obtain the S.O.'s approval together with any necessary approval in writing from the relevant statutory authority.
The Contractor shall be responsible for all fees and other charges or expenses incurred in connection with such office and housing and shall keep the whole area in a clean, tidy and well drained condition.
When instructed by the S.O., the Contractor shall remove all such buildings and appurtenant works from the Site, clean up the area and restore it to its original condition.
The Contractor shall provide adequate first aid facilities appropriate to the size and composition of his staff and labour force. The Contractor shall afford the S.O.'s site staff full use of the services and facilities as and when required.
1.18 MATERIAL TESTING LABORATORY AND STAFF
The Contractor shall provide and maintain a laboratory at the Site throughout the duration of the Contract. Earthworks and pavement construction will not be permitted to commence until the laboratory and necessary equipment have been provided.
The said laboratory shall be in
accordance with the Drawings and shall be equipped as indicated in Appendix 1D. It shall be maintained in a clean and tidy condition to the satisfaction of the S.O. The laboratory shall be adequately supplied with water and electricity.
The laboratory shall be used exclusively by the S.O. and his staff. However the Contractor shall provide helpers to assist the S.O. as and when requested.
All laboratory equipment shall become the property of the Contractor on completion of the Works.
On completion of the Works, the building shall be removed from the Site and the Site left in a neat and tidy condition.
1.19 PROVISION FOR SURVEY INSTRUMENTS AND CHAINMEN
The Contractor shall provide for the sole use of the S.O. and his staff all such instruments, equipment and chainmen as the S.O. may require to enable him to check the accuracy of the Contractor's setting out and any measurements taken. The chainmen shall have knowledge of Bahasa Malaysia or English and as far as possible the same men shall be provided throughout the Contract period.
The instruments and equipment to be provided are as listed in Appendix 1E. The Contractor shall be responsible throughout the Contract period for all such instruments, equipment and chainmen and shall ensure that the instruments and equipment are at all times in good working condition and adjustment. All instruments and equipment shall remain the property of the Contractor on completion of the Works.
1.20 MAINTENANCE OF EXISTING ROADS AND PROTECTION OF TRAFFIC
1.20.1 Maintenance of Existing Roads, Bridges, Culverts, etc.
The Contractor shall maintain all sections of existing roads and all bridges, drains and culverts included therein within the Site to the
conditions at the time of possession of Site for the full duration of the Contract. Such maintenance shall include routine activities such as grass cutting, clearing of drains, patching of potholes, etc.
He shall also be responsible for maintaining the free flow of traffic on these sections of existing road. The Contractor shall arrange for the conveyance of materials and plants so as to cause minimum damage to existing roads and installations and minimum inconvenience to the public. He shall not deposit any earth, rubbish or materials upon any road, street,
pavement or footway to cause hindrance or obstruction of vehicles or pedestrians. The Contractor shall be responsible for any damage caused by any work carried out by him or by construction traffic to any existing roads or installations from whatsoever cause arising thereof and shall repair, maintain and reinstate the same to their original condition to the satisfaction of the S.O. The Contractor shall also keep such roads clear of slurry, boulders and loose earth which may be dropped in the course of transportation.
Upon failure on the part of the Contractor to fulfill his obligations under this Section, the S.O. may take whatever action and any means necessary to satisfy the requirements and all costs incurred by the S.O. shall be deducted from any monies due or to become due to the Contractor under this Contract.
1.20.2 Temporary Diversions
Temporary diversions shall be constructed wherever the Site is
intersected by existing roads, footpaths, cycle tracks, access to properties, etc. Such diversion ways shall be of a standard of construction at least equivalent to that of the original road, path, track or access.
They shall be constructed in advance of the closure of the existing ways and regularly maintained, for as long as required, in a satisfactory
condition. On completion of the work, the original ways shall be reinstated to their original condition to the approval of the S.O. At least fourteen (14) days notice in writing of any proposed temporary
diversions of traffic shall be given to the S.O. for his approval.
Where access roads are to be permanently closed by the
construction of the Works, as shown on the Drawings, diversion ways shall not be required. Such closures shall not be effected until any specified alternative access has been provided and only with the written approval of the S.O. The Contractor shall maintain reasonable access to all properties adjoining the Works where such access exists during construction, and shall ensure that all the necessary fences, planking and gangways are adequately lit to the satisfaction of the S.O.
Where the Contractor proposes to use existing local streets as
temporary diversion ways, he shall give at least fourteen (14) days notice in writing of his proposal to the S.O. for his approval. The Contractor shall maintain and/or reinstate these temporary diversion ways to their original condition throughout the entire duration of the temporary diversion, all to the satisfaction of the S.O.
If the Contractor fails to maintain and/or reinstate these temporary diversion ways to the satisfaction of the S.O., the S.O. shall have the right to carry out these works himself and all costs incurred shall be deducted from the Contract Sum.
Where, in the opinion of the S.O., a detour is not feasible, construction on existing public roads shall be undertaken only over half of the full width of the roadway at any time. The lengths of such half-width construction shall be kept as short as is practicable.
For all temporary diversions, the Contractor shall provide, install and maintain adequate temporary construction signs in accordance with Sub-Section 1.20.4.
1.20.3 Half-width Construction and Traffic Control
Where half-width construction is necessary, work on culverts shall be completed and the embankment adjacent to them must be reinstated so that at least half the full width shall be available for use by the public at all times.
In the event of the operation of single-way traffic becoming
necessary and when approved by the S.O. on any particular length of the Works or on the Works or on the approaches to the Works, the Contractor shall maintain through traffic routes by providing a width of at least 3 metres for single-way traffic. He shall also provide approved electrically operated signals for traffic control on each of the affected lengths and any additional traffic signs as may
The electrical signal lights shall be automatic in operation, but the S.O. may, at any time, require them to be hand operated by a competent operator.
The Contractor shall make suitable arrangements for emergency servicing of the electrically operated traffic signals to be available at all times. Manually operated "Stop/Go" signs shall only be used with the prior approval of the S.O.; and shall, if so approved, be of the size, colour and type as shown on the Drawings and complying with the requirements of the ARAHAN TEKNIK(JALAN) 2C/85 (Manual on Traffic Control Devices for Temporary Signs and Work Zones Control), published by Cawangan Jalan, Ibu Pejabat JKR, Kuala Lumpur.
At least fourteen (14) days notice in writing of any proposed single-way traffic system shall be given to the S.O. for his approval before such a system can be implemented. 1.20.4 Temporary Traffic Signs
The Contractor shall at all times take full and sufficient precautions to ensure the safety of all traffic through and around the Work Site and of traffic that is diverted owing to the Works.
To this end the Contractor shall erect and maintain on the Site and at prescribed points on the approaches to the Site, all traffic signs, signals and warning lights necessary for the direction and control of traffic. The sizes of all such signs and the lettering and wording thereon shall be as shown on the Drawings and approved by the S.O. before erection.
Construction and excavation shall be sign posted and, during periods of darkness, shall be lit to the approval of the S.O.
Temporary traffic signals shall comply with the requirements of the ARAHAN TEKNIK (JALAN) 2C/85 published by Cawangan Jalan, Ibu Pejabat JKR, Kuala Lumpur and shall be reflectorised and kept clean and legible at all times.
The Contractor shall position, cover or remove these signs as may be directed by the S.O.
1.20.5 Temporary Works
The Contractor shall provide, maintain and remove on completion of the Works all temporary works including diversion ways, tracks, staging, bridging, etc., and shall make them safe and suitable in every respect for carrying all plants and materials and for all purposes related to the Works.
1.21 LOCATION, TEMPORARY PROTECTION AND
TEMPORARY DIVERSION OF PUBLIC UTILITY
INSTALLATIONS AND OTHER SERVICES
The Contractor shall be responsible for locating the positions of all public utility installations, including water mains, overhead and underground cables, pipes, sewers and drains and all service connections to buildings, and where necessary, shall adopt such methods of excavation as may be required by the appropriate authorities or owners to ensure that no damage is caused to them.
The Contractor shall make good, at his own expense, any damage caused by him to the existing services to the approval of and in accordance with the instruction of the appropriate authority or owner
concerned, and shall keep the Government indemnified at all times from all claims, costs and expenses which may arise on account of any damage (whether
permanent, temporary or recurring) to the said services.
All such installations which are encountered in the course of the Works shall be adequately supported, slung-up, strutted or otherwise protected from injury to the satisfaction of the respective authority.
The temporary diversion or relocation of any service within or outside the Works to permit the construction of the Works shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. Where a service is required to be interrupted or relocated the Contractor shall inform and obtain the approval of the S.O. who shall notify the appropriate authority or owner of the required removal and/or relocation.
Temporary diversion shall mean works involved in the diversion of services that will be reinstated to their original position and condition on completion of the works in the affected areas. In planning his work for the diversion or relocation of services, the Contractor shall make reasonable allowance for the time necessary to obtain the S.O.'s approval for the work and for the appropriate authorities or owners to authorise the work, obtain the necessary materials and carry out the work.
The Contractor shall not be entitled to any extension of time due to his failure to allow for a reasonble period of time necessary for obtaining approval and completing the work.
1.22 WATER AND ELECTRICITY SUPPLY
The Contractor shall provide at his own risk and cost all water, lighting and electric power where required for use in the Works and shall pay all costs, fees and charges and comply with all safety regulations and statutes in connection therewith.
The Contractor shall also provide and maintain temporary water storage together with any distribution piping which may be necessary.
1.23 PROJECT SIGNBOARD
The Contractor shall provide, erect and maintain signboards at locations to be decided by the S.O. and pay all charges in connection with this, including obtaining permission, licences and fees, etc. Each sign board shall comply with the design and specification as shown on the Drawings. On completion of the project, the Contractor shall dismantle and clear away the signboards as directed by the S.O.
1.24 PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD OF WORKS
The Contractor shall provide a camera of reasonable quality for the purpose of taking record photographs and slides of the Works as and when directed by the S.O. The Contractor shall bear the costs of providing the film, development of film, printing two (2) copies of each exposure in 3R size and documenting the photographs in suitable albums. The negatives of the photographs shall be the property of the Government and no prints from these negatives may be supplied to any person or persons except
A suitably typed caption shall be affixed to the reverse side of each photograph describing the subject and the time at which it was taken. One copy of each photograph shall be signed by the Contractor and the S.O.
1.25 AS-BUILT DRAWINGS AND MICROFILMING
Drawings for recording as-built construction details of the Works shall be prepared by the Contractor and shall be certified by the S.O. or his
representative. The originals, in good quality transparencies, and two (2) printed copies of all as-built drawings shall be supplied by the Contractor to the S.O. progressively as sections of the Works become completed. All drawings shall be completed within one month after the completion of the respective section.
As-built drawings shall be A1 size (838 mm x 584 mm) unless otherwise approved by the S.O.
The Contractor shall also microfilm the as-built drawings using 35.0 mm film with the aperture card format as shown in Figure 1-1 and submit the same to the S.O.
1.26 CLEARING UP OF SITE
The Contractor shall make every effort to keep the Site in a reasonably clean and tidy condition for the duration of the Works. He shall, in addition, from time to time on the completion of any area of the Works or where directed by the S.O., remove rubbish, surplus materials, or any other construction debris from such areas as may be attributable to his work under this Contract and generally leave them in a satisfatory condition, to the
On completion of the Works, the Contractor shall remove all rubbish, debris and surplus materials from the Site and leave the whole Site in a neat and tidy condition to the satisfaction of the S.O.
1.27 OPPORTUNITIES FOR OTHER CONTRACTORS
The Contractor shall, when required by the S.O., afford all reasonable
opportunity to any other Contractors employed by the Government and their workmen and to the workmen of the Government and of any other duly constituted authorities who may be employed in the execution on or near the Site of any work not included in the Contract.
APPENDIX 1A
APPENDIX 1B
SCOPE OF WORKS
APPENDIX 1C
VEHICLES FOR S.O. AND HIS STAFF
All vehicles shall be NEW and of the types listed below :-Type A - 2000 c.c. four-door, air-conditioned saloon car; Type B - 1600 c.c. five-door, air-conditioned estate car; Type C - 1500 c.c. four-door, air-conditioned Proton Saga;
Type D - 2000 c.c. four-wheel-drive, air-conditioned Trooper or equivalent with hard top; Type E - 2250 c.c. four-wheel-drive, air-conditioned long-wheel- base Land Rover or
APPENDIX 1D
LIST OF LABORATORY EQUIPMENT
The Contractor shall provide and maintain the following testing laboratory equipment which shall become the property of the Contractor at the end of the Contract
:-No. (a) Soil Testing Equipment
(1) Moisture content tins - 76 mm x 25 mm with lids. 25
(2) Electric balance of 1 kg capacity, accurate to 0.1 g with a tare correction of
not less than 100 g. 1
(3) Electric forced draught oven, capacity of 0.08 cu.m. 1 (4) Atterberg limit machine calibrated with a grooving device as specified in B.S. 1377. 1
(5) Glass plates - 457 mm x 609 mm x 6 mm. 2
(6) Linear shrinkage moulds - 254 mm. 5
(7) Spatulas - 152 mm. 2
(8) 203 mm diameter B.S. sieves - 75 mm, 63 mm, 50 mm, 37.5 mm, 28 mm, 25 mm, 20 mm, 14 mm, 12.5 mm, 10 mm, 9.5 mm, 6.3 mm, 5 mm, 4.75 mm, 3.35 mm, 2.36 mm, 2 mm, 1.18 mm, 600 um, 425 um, 300 um, 212 um, 150 um, 75 um. Lid and pan together with
vibrating machine. 1 of each
(9) 203 mm diameter B.S. sieves - 75 um, 425 um. 2 of each
(10) Wash sieves - 75 um. 2
(11) Sample splitter - 50 mm. 2
(12) Sample splitter - 12 mm. 2
(13) Balance of 10 kg capacity, accurate to 1 g. 1 (14) Standard compaction hammer, electric motor operated, as specified in B.S. 1377. 1
No. (15) Standard compaction mould as specified in B.S. 1377. 1 (16) Compaction mould extruder as specified in B.S. 1377. 1
(17) Steel scoop. 1
(18) Rubber mallet. 1
(19) Measuring flasks - 1000 c.c. 2
(20) Vernier calipers - 152 mm. 1
(21) Steel rule - 305 mm. 1
(22) Compression machine suitable for laboratory and field C.B.R.'s with all
fittings necessary for field and laboratory operation as specified in B.S. 1377. 1 (23) C.B.R. moulds fitted with collars and base plates for compaction and soaking
and tripods for small measurement fitted with dial gauges having 0.01 mm
divisions and 25 mm travel as specified in B.S. 1377. 10
(24) 2.26 kg surcharge weights - ring type. 6
(25) 2.26 kg surcharge weights - horseshoe type. 9 (26) Complete field density kit, sand replacement type suitable for volume
measurement of 0.005 cu.m to an accuracy of not less than 0.0001
cu.m as specified in B.S. 1377. 2
(27) Hand auger suitable for boring to depths of 3 m and supplied with 100 mm
diameter heads suitable for boring in cohesive and cohesionless soils. 1
(28) Crowbar, pick and spade. 1 of each
(29) Drying pans - 406 mm x 406 mm x 76 mm. 6
(30) British Standard 1377 - "Methods of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering
(b) Concrete Testing Equipment
No. (1) 152 mm x 152 mm x 152 mm standard concrete test cube steel moulds
as specified in B.S. 1881. 6
(2) Slump cones with tamping rods as specified in B.S. 1881. 2 (3) Compacting factor apparatus as specified in B.S. 1881. 1 (4) Tank for curing of concrete specimens to accomodate 50 Nos. x 152 mm
cubes in layers not more than 50 mm deep. 1
(c) Flexible Pavement Testing Equipment
(1) Metal tray, 0.6 m square or similar suitable for measuring spray rates of
bituminous materials and spread rates of cover aggregate for surface dressing. 4 (2) Metal thickness gauge (or set of slotted sleeves) as specified in M.S. 30 for
determination of aggregate flakiness index. 1 Additional items required for asphaltic concrete and/or bituminous Macadam
:-(3) Balance of 2 kg capacity, accurate to 0.1 g suitable for weighing samples
suspended in liquid. 1
(4) Steel moulds for Marshall test specimens (100 mm diameter) with base,
extension collar, extraction collar and extraction plate as specified in B.S. 598. 6 (5) Extractor for removing Marshall test specimens from moulds without distortion
or shock as specified in B.S. 598. 1
(6) Compaction hammer and automatic compactor for Marshall test specimens as
specified in B.S. 598. 1 of each
(7) Compaction pedestal and mould holder for Marshall test as specified
in B.S. 598. 1 of each
(8) Thermostatically controlled hot plate. 1
(9) Thermometers for use in laboratory and in asphaltic mixes for Marshall test as
No. (10) Rubber and heat resistant gloves. 2 pairs of each
(11) Filter papers - 100 mm diameter. As needed
(12) Containers for heating aggregates and bituminous materials. As needed (13) Pavement coring machine of the thin-walled diamond bit type for
obtaining 100 mm diameter samples of bituminous surfacings. 1 (14) 100 mm diameter thin-walled diamond bits for use with pavement
coring machine. As needed
(15) Tools for cutting and trimming pavement cores. As needed (15) Metal bottles of suitable capacity for bitumen extraction by direct
determination as specified in B.S. 598. As needed (16) Machine to rotate the bottles about their longitudinal axes at a speed of
between 10 rev/min to 30 rev/min as specified in B.S. 598. 1 (18) Volumetric flasks of suitable capacity. As needed (19) Centrifuge capable of developing an acceleration of 25,000 m/sq.
second as specified in B.S. 598. 1
(20) Filtration apparatus for extraction of bitumen by direct determination as
specified in B.S. 598. 1
(21) Recovery apparatus for extraction of bitumen by direct determination as specified in B.S. 598.
(22) Pressure filter of appropriate size, air pump and funnel for extraction
No. Further items required for asphaltic concrete
:-(23) Wire basket of 6.5 mm or smaller mesh with wire hanger as specified in M.S. 30, for determination of specific gravity and water absorption
of aggregates. 1
(24) Airtight container of similar capacity as wire basket above. 1
(25) Gas jar - 1.5 litre. 1
(26) Pyconometer - 1 litre. 1
(27) Warm air blower. 1
(28) Mechanical mixer of 2 kg capacity, for preparation of asphaltic concrete mixtures. 1 (29) Thermostatically controlled water bath for Marshall test specimens as
specified in B.S. 598. 1
(30) Steel Marshall testing head as specified in B.S. 598. 1 (30) Compression testing machine with proving ring, capable of applying loads of
up to at least 22 kN at a constant rate of strain of 50 mm + 3 mm per minute and recording the maximum load achieved as specified in B.S. 598. 1 (31) Dial gauge and mounting assembly for measuring Marshall test flows of up to
10 mm with accuracy of + 0.1 mm as specified in B.S. 598. 1 Testing which is specifically required in the Contract and any test defined in quoted British Standard Specifications which are required to ensure compliance with the Contract but cannot be done in the Site testing laboratory shall be carried out at approved laboratories off the Site. These tests shall be carried out as directed by the S.O. The cost incurred by the Contractor shall be deemed to have been included in the tendered rates.
APPENDIX 1E
SURVEY EQUIPMENT
The Contractor shall provide and maintain the following instruments and equipment for the purpose of measurements and setting out. These shall become the property of the Contractor at the end of the Contract
:-1 No. Theodolite of direct read out accurate to :-1 second. 2 No. Automatic levels - Wild NA2 or Koni 007 or equivalent. 2 No. Levelling staves - 5 m aluminium.
1 No. 50 m x 5 mm steel measuring band divided throughout and numbered at 5 m intervals. Divided over first 30 m at 1 m intervals. Divided over first 5 m at 50 mm intervals. 1 No. Repair set for the same.
2 No. 30 m steel box tapes, white face. 2 No. 30 m fibreglass box tapes. 10 No. 2.5 m ranging rods.
2 No. 1 m spirit level, steel or aluminium. 2 No. Survey umbrellas.
Figure 1.1
SECTION 2
EARTHWORKS
SECTION 2 - EARTHWORKS
Page
2.1 CLEARING, GRUBBING AND STRIPPING TOPSOIL S2-35
2.1.1 Description S2-35 2.1.1.1 Clearing S2-35 2.1.1.2 Grubbing S2-35 2.1.1.3 Stripping Topsoil S2-35 2.1.2 Construction Methods S2-35 2.1.2.1 Areas To Be Cleared S2-35
2.1.2.2 Areas To Be Cleared, Grubbed and Stripped Of Topsoil S2-36
2.1.2.3 Topsoil S2-36 2.1.2.4 Timber S2-36 2.1.2.5 Structures S2-37 2.1.2.6 Disposal Of Material S2-37 2.2 EARTHWORKS S2-38 2.2.1 Definitions S2-38 2.2.2 General Requirements S2-39 2.2.3 Roadway Excavation S2-39 2.2.3.1 Dimensional Tolerances S2-39
2.2.3.2 Separation and Stockpiling of Suitable Material S2-40 2.2.3.3 Removal of Excavated Material From Site S2-40 2.2.3.4 Removal of Unsuitable Material S2-40 2.2.3.5 Replacement of Unsuitable Material Under Standing Water S2-40
2.2.3.6 Widening Cuts S2-40
2.2.3.7 Excavation of Rock S2-41
2.2.3.8 Storage and Handling of Explosives S2-42
2.2.3.9 Blasting S2-42 2.2.3.10 Safety Measures S2-42 2.2.3.11 Insecure Material S2-43 2.2.4 Earth Embankment S2-43 2.2.4.1 Material S2-43 2.2.4.2 Borrow Pits S2-43
2.2.4.3 Placement of Fill Material S2-43
2.2.4.4 Compaction S2-44
Page
2.2.6 Embankment Over Soft Ground S2-46
2.2.6.1 Foundation Treatment S2-46
2.2.6.2 Surcharge and Staged Construction S2-46
2.2.6.3 Settlement Markers S2-46
2.2.6.4 Settlement Records S2-47
2.2.7 Subgrade S2-47
2.2.8 Protective Vegetation for Erosion Control S2-48
2.2.8.1 Topsoil S2-48
2.2.8.2 Turfing S2-48
SECTION 2 - EARTHWORKS
2.1 CLEARING, GRUBBING AND
STRIPPING TOPSOIL
2.1.1 Description
This work shall consist of clearing, grubbing and stripping topsoil in the areas designated hereunder and/or shown on the Drawings and/or directed by the S.O., and of clearing only in other areas designated here under and/or shown on the Drawings and/or directed by the S.O., all as specified herein and as required by the S.O. The work shall also include the demolition and disposal of structures in said areas, except where otherwise provided for in the Contract, as specified herein and as required by the S.O.
2.1.1.1 Clearing
Clearing shall consist of the cutting and/or taking down, removal and disposal of everything above ground level, including objects overhanging the areas to be cleared such as tree branches, except such trees, vegetation, structures or parts of structures, and other things which are designated in the Contract to remain, or be removed by others, or which the S.O. directs are to be left undisturbed. The material to be cleared shall include but not necessarily be limited to trees, stumps (parts above ground), logs, brush, undergrowth, long grasses, crops, loose vegetable matter and structures (except those structures whose removal or clearance is otherwise provided for in the Contract).
Clearing shall also include the levelling of obsolete dikes, terraces, ditches, etc., unless otherwise directed by the S.O. 2.1.1.2 Grubbing
Grubbing shall consist of the removal and disposal of surface vegetation, the bases of stumps, roots, the underground parts of structures, and other obstructions to a depth of at least 0.50 metre below ground level, all to the satisfaction of the S.O. 2.1.1.3 Stripping Topsoil
Stripping topsoil shall consist of the removal of topsoil to an average depth of at least 100 mm below ground level, and its stockpiling for use in the Works, and/or its disposal, as directed by the S.O.
2.1.2 Construction Methods 2.1.2.1 Areas To Be Cleared
The entire road reserve area shall be cleared as described above, unless otherwise shown on the Drawings and/or directed by the S.O.
Clearing shall be carried out to the extents deemed necessary and approved or directed by the S.O. in areas outside the road reserve where channel excavation or other work is required.
In areas which are to be cleared only, and in which grubbing and stripping topsoil are not required, the methods of work shall be such as will not unduly damage the surface vegetation and
not to disturb the topsoil and the root systems of grasses and other surface vegetation. No topsoil shall be removed from such areas, except as directed by the S.O., and any topsoil, grasses and other surface vegetation other wise removed or disturbed shall be replaced and made good at the Contractor's own expense, all to the satisfaction of the S.O. 2.1.2.2 Areas To Be Cleared,Grubbed
and Stripped Of Topsoil Except as otherwise shown on the Drawings and/or directed by the S.O., clearing, grubbing and stripping topsoil shall be carried out in all areas of roadway excavation and in all areas where embankment is to be constructed, except that grubbing and
stripping topsoil shall not be carried out in those areas where :-i) embankment is to be
constructed on earth designated as swamp or soft ground;
ii) embankment is to be constructed to a height at the centre-line of 1.50 metres or more on ground with a cross-slope of not more than 1 (vertical) to 30 (horizontal). Clearing, grubbing and stripping topsoil shall be carried out to the extents deemed necessary and approved or directed by the S.O. in areas both inside and outside the road reserve where channel excavation or other work is required. Except where further excavation is required, holes and cavities in the ground surface after clearing, grubbing and stripping topsoil shall be filled with materials similar to the adjacent
This work shall be considered incidental to the work of clearing, grubbing and stripping topsoil, and shall not be measured for payment.
2.1.2.3 Topsoil
Topsoil to be stockpiled for the Works shall be sufficiently fertile to promote and support the growth of vegetation, and shall be taken from such areas where clearing, grubbing and stripping topsoil is required as approved or directed by the S.O. Before stockpiling, topsoil shall be separated from objectionable materials, all to the satisfaction of the S.O. The Contractor shall arrange for stockpile sites either within or outside the road reserve, at his own expense, and all to the satisfaction of the S.O. Otherwise, topsoil removed during grubbing and stripping operations shall be separated from objectionable materials and spread within the road reserve or borrow areas, or otherwise disposed of, as approved or directed by the S.O.
2.1.2.4 Timber
The ownership of timber is vested in the Government. Saleable timber shall be trimmed and stacked in accordance with the requirements of the
appropriate Government agency, in accessible places within the road reserve as approved or directed by the S.O.
The Contractor shall have the right to use unsaleable timber (or
appropriate Government agency or authority) for his own purposes in connection with the Contract, always provided that he shall comply with the
requirements of the S.O. agency or authority) for his own purposes in connection with the Contract, always provided that he shall comply with the
requirements of the S.O. 2.1.2.5 Structures
Major structures are those which cannot practicably be cleared by bulldozer and/or hydraulic excavator, whose demolition requires pneumatic tools, explosives and/or other specialised equipment. A brief description of each major structure (if any) and depth to which extent it shall be
demolished is given in the Bill of Quantities.
All fences, buildings, structures, and encumbrances of any character within the limits of the road reserve, except those to be removed by others or designated to remain, shall be demolished and removed by the Contractor. Materials designated in the Contract or directed by the S.O. to be salvaged, shall be carefully removed and stored, and shall be the property of the Government. 2.1.2.6 Disposal Of Material
Unwanted material from clearing, grubbing and stripping topsoil (including the demolition of structures) shall be disposed of as approved or directed by the S.O.
Combustible material including all timber (except timber to be salvaged or used), all brush, stumps, roots, vegetation and other combustible refuse may be piled up within the road reserve and burned, where burning is allowed.
All burning shall be subject to the prior approval of the relevant Government authorities, and shall be carried out in conformance with all pertinent
regulations. Burning shall also be carried out at such places and at such times and in such a manner as to prevent fire from damaging vegetation and property within the road reserve designated to be preserved, and from spreading to areas adjoining the road reserve and damaging vegetation and property therein. Should the clearing, grubbing and stripping of topsoil be carried out at a time when burning is not permitted, the Contractor may pile up combustible materials within the road reserve outside the limits of the road works, and burn it at a time when burning is permitted.
Where burning is not permitted at any time, or the Contractor elects not to burn unwanted material,
combustible material shall be disposed of together with incombustible material.
Incombustible material, including where appropriate the remains of burning, shall be disposed of in a safe and tidy manner at solid waste dumps outside the Site, unless otherwise approved or directed by the S.O. The Contractor shall be solely responsible for making the necessary agreements, and paying expenses and claims arising from the use of such solid waste dumps whether on Government or private land.
2.2 EARTHWORKS
2.2.1 Definitions
(a) Formation Level
Formation level means the top surface of the subgrade. (b) Subgrade
Subgrade means that part of the embankment or existing ground in cutting which is immediately below the subbase or lower subbase of the road pavement and shoulders.
(c) Common Excavation
Common excavation shall mean excavation in any materials which are not rock or artificial hard materials as defined in Sub-Sections 2.2.1 (f) and (g). (d) Unsuitable Materials
Unsuitable materials shall include
:-i) running silt, peat, logs,
ii) any material
- consisting of highly organic clay and silt; - which is clay having a
liquid limit exceeding 80% and/or a plasticity index exceeding 55%; - which is susceptible to
spontaneous combustion; - which has a loss of weight
greater than 2.5% on ignition;
- containing large amounts of roots, grass and other vegetable matter.
Materials that are soft or unstable merely because they are too wet or too dry for effective
compaction are not to be classified as unsuitable, unless otherwise classified by the S.O. (e) Suitable Materials
Suitable materials shall mean those materials other than the unsuitable materials defined in Sub-Section 2.2.1 (d) above. (f) Rock
Rock shall mean material found in ledges or masses in its original position which would normally have to be loosened either by blasting or by pneumatic tools or, if excavated by hand, by wedges and sledge hammers. It shall not include material which can be loosened with a track-type tractor with mounted and drawn ripper of the following descriptions
:-i) Tractor Unit : Equipment with a minimum weight of 20 tonnes and nett horse power rating of 200 brake horse power or more. The tractor unit is to be in good condition and operated by experienced personnel skilled in the use of ripping equipment; ii) Ripping Unit : The ripper to be
attached to the tractor shall be the most efficient parallelogram type recommended by the tractor or ripper manufacturer. The ripper shall have a single shank in good working condition with
sharpened cutting point.
Boulders or detached pieces shall only be regarded as rock if they individually exceed 0.5 cubic metre.
(g) Artificial Hard Material
This shall mean any hard artificial material which would require the use of blasting or approved pneumatic tools for its removal but shall exclude individual masses less than 0.5 cubic metre.
2.2.2 General Requirements The work shall include the excavation of all types of material, backfilling, compaction, forming embankments and slopes, etc., as is necessary for the completion of the Works up to the formation levels, in accordance with the lines, grades, dimensions, shapes and typical cross- sections shown on the Drawings and to the approval of the S.O.
The Contractor shall provide where necessary temporary water courses, ditches, drains, pumping or other means of maintaining the earthworks free from water. Such provision shall include carrying out the work of forming the
cuttings and embankments in such a manner that their surfaces have at all times a sufficient gradient to enable them to shed water and prevent ponding.
In pumping out excavations and in the lowering of water tables the Contractor shall pay due regard to the stability of all structures.
Adequate means for trapping silt shall be provided on all temporary drainage systems. Similar arrangements shall be made for all earthworks including excavations whether for pile trenches, foundations or cuttings.
Should the surface of completed areas be damaged by erosion or by any other cause the Contractor shall at his own cost make good such areas to the satisfaction of the S.O.
The Contractor shall exercise care in preventing wastage of suitable material needed for embankment or fill
construction.
2.2.3 Roadway Excavation 2.2.3.1 Dimensional Tolerances
Slopes in cutting shall be trimmed mechanically to neat and even surfaces which shall have gradients not steeper than that shown on the Drawings. Widths of excavations shall not exceed the dimensions shown on the Drawings by more than 300 mm, unless otherwise approved by the S.O.
2.2.3.2 Separation and Stockpiling of Suitable Material
Where excavation reveals a combination of suitable and unsuitable materials, the Contractor shall, wherever the S.O. considers it practicable, carry out the excavation in such a manner that the suitable materials are excavated separately for use in the Works without
contamination by the unsuitable materials. The Contractor shall stockpile separately material for subgrade as specified in Sub- Section 2.2.7.
2.2.3.3 Removal of Excavated Material From Site
No excavated material shall be removed from the Site except on the direction or with the approval of the S.O. Should the
Contractor be permitted to remove suitable materials from the Site to suit his operational procedure, then he shall make good any consequent deficit of fill material arising there from, at his own expense. Unless designated dump sites have been shown on the Drawings, the Contractor shall dispose of surplus suitable material at his own dump areas outside the Site as approved by the S.O. In doing so, the Contractor shall comply with statutory requirements such as payment of royalties, environ mental protection, etc.
2.2.3.4 Removal of Unsuitable Material Unsuitable material shall be excavated to such depth and over such area as directed by the S.O. and be transported and disposed of in an approved manner. Unless approval of the S.O. to dump and spread the unsuitable materials within the Site is obtained, the Contractor shall be responsible for providing his own dump site for such unsuitable materials. The Contractor shall comply with statutory requirements such as payment of royalties,
environmental protection, etc. Voids created due to removal of unsuitable material shall be backfilled with suitable material compacted to a dry density not less than that of the surrounding material or that specified for the respective part of the earthworks or as directed by the S.O. 2.2.3.5 Replacement of Unsuitable
Material Under Standing Water Where it is decided by the S.O. that replacement of unsuitable material shall be done under standing water, voids created due to removal of unsuitable material shall be backfilled with hard clean crushed rock, natural gravel or sand having grading within the respective limits specified in Table 2.1.
2.2.3.6 Widening Cuts
The S.O. may instruct the Contractor or the Contractor himself may elect to obtain material for the Works by widening cuts. In the latter case, the Contractor shall first request
TABLE 2.1 - GRADING LIMITS OF MATERIALS FOR REPLACEMENT OF UNSUITABLE MATERIAL
Where the rock is of satisfactory quality, the Contractor may elect to crush and screen it to produce aggregates required for concrete, roadbase, subbase, or other purposes. Excavated rock needed for earth work construction which the Contractor elects so to use for producing select materials shall be replaced at the Contractor's own expense by borrow of satisfactory quality approved by the S.O. Otherwise, excavated rock shall be used in the construction of
embankment and fill, to the fullest practical extent, in either of the two following ways
:-i) excavated rock shall be broken down to a maximum particle size of 400 mm and used as rock fill as described in Sub-Section 2.2.5; ii) excavated rock shall be broken
down to a maximum particle size of 150 mm, blended with suitable earth fill material in a proportion not exceeding 1 rock to 1 earth, and used as common fill. The Contractor may only waste excavated rock with the approval of the S.O. Excavated rock needed for earthwork construction which the Contractor elects to waste shall be replaced at the Contractor's own expense by borrow of satisfactory quality approved by the S.O.
B.S. Sieve Size % Passing By Weight Crushed Rock or Gravel 63.0 mm 37.5 mm 20.0 mm 10.0 mm 100 85 - 100 0 - 20 0 - 5 Sand 10.0 mm 5.0 mm 1.18 mm 300 um 150 um 100 90 - 100 45 - 80 10 - 30 2 - 10 2.2.3.7 Excavation of Rock
Rock excavation shall be carried out by methods appropriate to Site requirements as approved by the S.O. Where explosives shall be used, the relevant security regulations dealing with purchase, transport, handling, storage and usage of explosives shall be complied with.
All material from rock
excavations shall be used as far as is practicable in the Works.