SAP BW BEX Reporting User Guide

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Developer’s Guide SAP NetWeaver 2004s SPS 7

Enterprise

Reporting, Query,

and Analysis

Document Version 3.00 – März 2006

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T y p o g r a p h i c C o n v e n t i o n s

Type Style Represents

Example Text Words or characters quoted from the screen. These include field names, screen titles,

pushbuttons labels, menu names, menu paths, and menu options.

Cross-references to other documentation.

Example text Emphasized words or phrases in body text, graphic titles, and table titles.

EXAMPLE TEXT Technical names of system objects. These include report names, program names, transaction codes, table names, and key concepts of a

programming language when they are surrounded by body text, for example, SELECT and INCLUDE.

Example text Output on the screen. This includes file and directory names and their paths, messages, names of variables and parameters, source text, and names of installation, upgrade and database tools.

Example text _{Exact user entry. These are} words or characters that you enter in the system exactly as they appear in the

documentation.

<Example text> Variable user entry. Angle brackets indicate that you replace these words and characters with appropriate entries to make entries in the system.

EXAMPLE TEXT Keys on the keyboard, for example, F2 or ENTER.

I c o n s

Icon Meaning Caution Example Note Recommendation Syntax

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1 Enterprise Reporting, Query, and Analysis

Purpose

You can use various BI interfaces and tools to adapt the Enterprise Reporting, Query and

Analysis scenario to your needs.

Advantages for Application Development

● With BI, you can define your own queries, reports, and Web applications to best represent the processes of your enterprise.

● Customers and partners of BI can develop their own content and deliver it to their business units. You can also make limited modifications and changes to BI Content. ● Business Explorer Web application design allows you to apply generic OLAP

navigation to BI data in Web applications and Business Intelligence cockpits. You can implement this for all scenarios, from simple scenarios to highly specialized scenarios. You can use standard markup languages and Web design APIs to implement highly individual scenarios with user-defined interface elements.

● The Visual Composer provides functions that allow you to integrate BI queries into analytical applications. You use the BI integration wizard to define queries for any type of data service that is connected using BI Java connectors.

● With the SAP enhancement concept, you can make enhancements to the standard in the BI system. You can use customer exits and BAdIs for enhancements within query design und Web application design.

● Services that are based on the SAP NetWeaver Internet Communication Framework (ICF) are delivered with BI. The BI HTTP services allow you to display or exchange BI data using a URL.

● The report-report interface allows you the flexibility to call a jump target (receiver) online from a BEx query (sender) within or outside of the BI system.

● BI provides interfaces for evaluating data for reporting with third-party front-end tools. ● You use the BI Java SDK to create analytical applications with which you access both

multidimensional (Online Analytical Processing or OLAP) and tabular (relational) data. You can also edit and display this data.

Prerequisites

Area Prerequisites Development of BI content: queries, reports,

Web applications

-

Developing customer and partner content ABAP development license

Web application design Proficiency in standard markup languages

BI in Visual Composer -

Enhancements using function exits and BAdIs ABAP proficiency

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Connecting to third-party front-end tools For more information about the technical prerequisites, see Open Analysis Interfaces [Page 545].

BI Java SDK Java programming proficiency; Business

Intelligence experience

How to Use This Documentation

If you have no experience of working with Enterprise Reporting, Query, and Analysis, start with the following sections:

Working with the Development Environment [Page 2] Go and Create [Page 3]

These sections contain information about the basic principles, as well as introductory tutorials. If you have previous experience of working with Enterprise Reporting, Query, and Analysis, you can use these sections as a reference for specific details.

2 Getting

Involved

This section provides an overview of the concepts and the development environment.

2.1 Working with the Development Environment

Purpose

The BI system provides heterogeneous development environments for the Enterprise

Reporting, Query, and Analysis scenario.

Area Development Environment

Development of BI content: queries, reports, Web applications

BEx Query Designer, Report Designer, Web Application Designer

Developing customer or partner content BEx Query Designer, Report Designer, Web Application Designer

Web Application Design Web Application Designer

BI in Visual Composer Visual Composer

Customer exits and BAdIs ABAP Workbench tools

ICF services Internet Communication Framework (ICF)

Report-report interface BI system

Connection of third-party front-end tools using open analysis interfaces

Not determined

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3 Go and Create

We provide instructions for first development in the following areas:

Designing a Query

You use a query to evaluate the data in an InfoProvider.

For information about creating a simple query with the Query Designer, see Defining New Queries [Page 368].

Web Application Design

You use the BEx Web Application Designer to create Web applications with BI-specific content. To do this, you create an HTML page that displays the BI data in the form of tables, images, or maps.

For information about creating a simple BEx Web application using the BEx Web Application Designer, see Creating Web Applications with the BEx Web Application Designer [Page 47].

BI Java SDK

You use the BI Java SDK to create analytical applications with which you access both multidimensional (Online Analytical Processing or OLAP) and tabular (relational) data. You can also edit and display this data.

See Chapter 1 of the Developers Guide for the BI Java SDK for two tutorials on developing complete scenarios, from extracting data to displaying it on an HTML page:

• Hello MDX: First Example for a Multidimensional Data Source • Hello SQL: First Example for a Relational Data Source

You can access the Developer’s Guide for the BI Java SDK in SDK distribution packages or on the SDN at

https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/javadocs.sdn

→

Release → Business Intelligence.

3.1 Defining

New

Queries

Use

You need queries as data providers for data analysis in the BEx Analyzer or in BEx Web Applications. Queries as data providers are also used to create reports. To do this, in the BEx Query Designer, you define new queries based on InfoProviders.

Prerequisites

At least one InfoProvider must be available in the BI system.

You have called the BEx Query Designer using one of the following options:

● Standalone, by choosing Start → Programs → Business Explorer → Query Designer. ● BEx Web Application Designer:

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● BEx Analyzer:

You are in an empty cell and have chosen Tools → Define New Query in the analysis toolbar.

● BEx Report Designer:

In the menu bar of the Report Designer, you have chosen Tools → BEx Query

Designer.

Finally, you chose Query → New in the Query Designer menu bar.

Procedure

Overview

You define queries by:

● Selecting an InfoProvider for which the query is defined

● Selecting reusable structures that already contain characteristic or key figure combinations (for example, contribution margin schema)

● Selecting characteristics from the InfoProvider

● Restricting selected characteristics to characteristic values, characteristic value intervals, or hierarchy nodes

● Using variables for characteristic values, hierarchies, hierarchy nodes, formulas, and texts or defining new variables where necessary

● Selecting key figures from the InfoProvider ● Formulating calculated key figures

● Restricting key figures by combining them with characteristics ● Defining exception cells

● Arranging the characteristics and key figures in rows or columns and thereby establishing an initial view for the query analysis

The steps that are not in bold are optional. You do not have to use these functions.

Defining Queries

The selection screen is displayed for all InfoProviders for which you can define a new query.

...

1. From your history, or from all available InfoProviders under InfoAreas, select the InfoProvider that you want to base your query on.

If you want to show the technical name of the InfoProvider, choose the symbol

Technical Name On/Off.

2. The available objects for the InfoProvider you selected are displayed as a directory tree in the InfoProvider screen area.

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The Filter screen area contains empty directories for the filter selection; the screen area

Rows/Columns contains empty directions for the rows, the columns, and the free

characteristics of the query. The preview of the results area for the query can be found at the bottom right. This area is also still empty.

For more information about the process of creating a query, see Working with the BEx Query Designer [Page 356] in the section Proceed As follows to Create a Query.

3. Make the selections for the filter of the query. Note that the filter selection has a restricting effect on the entire query, which means that all the InfoProvider data is aggregated with the filter selection. From the directory tree of the InfoProvider, select the characteristics or the key figure on which the query is to be based.

○ Characteristics

Expand the required dimension directory and first select one or more

characteristics that you wish to restrict to one or more values, a variable, a value interval or a hierarchy node from the InfoProvider. Expand this characteristic and using drag and drop, drag:

■ one or more single values in the Characteristic Restrictions area of the filter.

one or more characteristics in the Characteristic Restrictions area of the filter. Using the secondary mouse button on a characteristic, choose Restrict in the context menu. Then select a characteristic value interval or a hierarchy node (see also:Restricting Characteristics [Page

371]).

○ Key Figure

Decide whether all of the query data is to refer to the numerical values of a key figure or whether the query should be based on several key figures. If the query refers to the numerical values of one key figure, select the corresponding key figure for the InfoProvider tree and drag it to the Filter area using drag and drop. You can also use a restricted or calculated key figure (see also:Defining Restricted Key Figures [Page 434] and Defining Calculated Key Figures [Page 436]).

If required, define default values for the filter by dragging the required filter values into the

Default Values area of the filter using drag and drop. For more information, see Filters [Page

402].

4. Determine which characteristics, key figures, or structures you want to use to navigate through the query data. Using drag and drop, drag the corresponding directories of the characteristics of the InfoProvider tree to the directories Rows, Columns, or Free

Characteristics in the Rows/Columns screen area, or drag the structure directories into

the rows or columns.

You can use any number of characteristics in the query; however, the number of characteristics in the drilldown is restricted. In the Free Characteristics area, an unlimited number of characteristics is permitted, but the rows and columns may include a maximum of 50 - <Number of Structures> characteristics only. If the query does not contain a structure, a total of 50 characteristics are permitted in the rows and columns. If you use one structure, 49 characteristics are permitted, and with two structures, 48 characteristics are permitted in the rows and columns.

If you have not selected any key figures for the filter, define one or more key figures either in the rows or columns of the query. Using drag and drop, drag a key figure from the Key Figures directory in the InfoProvider tree into one of the directories, Rows or

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Columns. The Query Designer automatically generates a new structure with the

proposed description Key Figures, which includes the selected key figure. You can also define a new calculated key figure and use it for the query. For example, instead of “Sales revenue”, define the key figure “Price”, which is calculated by dividing “Sales revenue” by “Quantity”. Select the Key Figures directory in the InfoProvider tree and choose New Calculated Key Figure in the context menu (using the secondary mouse button).

You can restrict key figures to characteristic values, characteristic value intervals, or hierarchy nodes by selecting the key figure and choosing Edit in the context menu (using the secondary mouse button). A restricted key figure would be “Sales revenue in first quarter”, for example.

By placing the characteristics, key figures, or structures either in the rows or columns directory, you configure the first navigational state of the query (start view). In the lower right area, you can see a preview of the results area of the query in the start view that you selected.

You can change the arrangement of the key figures and characteristics in the rows and columns using drag and drop until the preview shows the results area you want.

5. When you have created the query, you can check the query definition by choosing

Query → Check in the menu bar.

Choose Query → Properties in the menu bar if you want to change the Description, settings for Result Position, Display Options and Number Display, or Key Date for the query. See also

Query Properties [Page 438].

6. Save the query. Enter a Technical Name and a Description for the query. The Technical

Name must uniquely identify the query; this means the name may appear only once

across all InfoProviders of the BI System. The technical name can contain a maximum of 30 characters and must begin with a letter.

Result

The query has been saved and can now:

● Be used in the BEx Analyzer as a data provider for design items

● Be used in the Web Application Designer as a data provider for Web items. ● Be displayed in the BEx Web Analyzer: Choose Query → Execute.

You can analyze the query data in the Business Explorer.

See also:

Creating Reusable Structures [Page 399] Properties of Query Components [Page 443]

Functions of the Menu Bar in the Query Designer [Page 358] Authorizations for the Query Definition [External]

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3.2 Creating Web Applications with the BEx Web

Application Designer

Use

Using the BEx Web Application Designer, you can create a BEx Web application (an HTML page with BI-specific content) easily.

Procedure

...

1. Creating a Web template

The Web template is the starting point for creating a Web application. The Web template [Page 28] is an XHTML document that is used to define the structure of a Web application. It contains placeholders for Web items, data providers, and

commands. A Web template becomes a Web application when the data is displayed in the Web browser.

During the design process, you change the Web template by embedding placeholders for Web items and data providers. You can keep track of these changes in the XHTML view.

To create a new Web template [Page 28], choose Web Template → New in the Web

Application Designer menu bar. You can also create Web templates from the Select

Web Template window. Choose Create New Web Template.

2. Setting the data binding/selection of the data provider

The data for your Web items is provided by data providers that you create in the Web Application Designer. You can assign a data provider to multiple Web items. The data provider concept makes it possible to change the data source of a Web item easily. If a particular data provider is assigned to more than one Web item, any changes made affect all the assigned Web items. By means of navigation (by changing the drilldown), the Web item always displays the current drilldown data.

A data provider is a dynamic object that returns current data for one or more Web items at runtime. You define the start view of the data provider by selecting a query or a query view. For more information about data providers, see Data Providers in BI Applications [External].

There are several ways to create data providers:

a. In the Data Provider section in the Web Items screen area

i. Select whether you want to create a data provider of type Filter or type

Query View, and drag the corresponding line into the lower data provider

section of the Web template screen area. The Maintain Data Provider dialog box appears.

ii. Assign a name to the data provider and make the remaining settings required.

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In the dropdown box beneath the name field, you can also select or change the data provider type.

b. Using the New Data Provider symbol in the lower data provider section of the Web Template screen area

i. Double-click to choose New Data Provider. The Maintain Data Provider dialog box appears.

ii. Proceed as described under a. ii.

c. Using the General tab page in the Properties screen area

You can only use this option if you have already inserted a Web item into your Web template.

i. In the header of the properties screen area, select the Web item for which you want to create a data provider.

ii. On the General tab page, choose New Data Provider. The Maintain Data Provider dialog box appears. Proceed as described under a. ii.

The data provider is assigned to the selected Web item. You can also create more than one data provider, as described under c. The data providers are listed in the dropdown box under Assigning Data Providers. This enables you to assign a different data provider to the selected Web item.

The Maintain Data Provider dialog box appears under data provider: <Name of assigned data provider>. You can modify or change the settings for the data provider here.

When you have created a data provider, it is assigned to the inserted Web item. Assigning depends on the order of the data providers in the inner structure of the Web template. See also 4.a.

3. Adding a Web item

The Web items [Page 54] in the Web Items screen area serve as templates. By dragging a Web item into your Web template, you create an actual version of the Web item; this is called an object. The Web item has a name and certain other default parameters that you can change as required (see also 4.).

You see the changes in the XHTML view. A Web item tag for the Web item and a data provider tag for the data provider (assuming you have created a data provider) were integrated into the XHTML as placeholders. Change the name of the Web item and assign a data provider to it. In the XHTML view, you can see that your settings have been written to the Web item tag. The layout you choose is also applied in the XHTML.

a. Drag a Web item [Page 54] from one of the Web item groupings Standard,

Extended, or Miscellaneous in the Web Items screen area to the Web template

by using dragand drop. The Web item appears in the Web template.

Underneath the selection area for Web items and data provider maintenance, you see the help area, which provides explanations for the Web items and data providers. To display the texts for a Web item, select the Web item by double-clicking with the secondary mouse button. To hide the texts, proceed in the same way. When you hide the display of texts and select a Web item by single-clicking it, a quick info is displayed for the Web item.

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In the Properties screen area, choose Rename Web Item to the right of the dropdown box in which the inserted Web items are listed. Name the Web item by overwriting the default text under Name in the Properties screen area next to the dropdown box in which the inserted Web items are listed.

4. Specifying the properties of the Web item

a. In the Properties screen area, choose the General tab page to make or change

the assignment of a data provider for the corresponding Web item. See also 2. b. Choose the Web Item Parameters tab page to set the parameters for the

selected Web item.

You can also set the parameters for the Chart Web item using the Edit Chart dialog box. Choose Edit in the context menu of the Chart Web item or Edit Chart in the Internal Display parameter grouping of the Chart Web item. For more information, see Editing Charts [Page 175].

5. Adding additional Web items

To insert additional Web items, repeat steps 3 and 4.

● When you insert additional Web items using Insert → Web Item, pay attention to where you position the cursor in your Web template. The cursor position determines where the new Web item is inserted. See also Designing the Layout of Web

Templates [Page 30]. When you insert Web items using dragand drop, the position of the cursor is irrelevant.

● Make sure that you set the data binding and any Web item-specific parameter settings for the correct Web item. To make settings for a Web item, select the Web item in the layout view. In the header of the Properties window, the system displays the Web item for which you can change the settings. As an

alternative to selecting the individual Web items, you can use the dropdown box to toggle between the attributes of individual Web items.

6. Designing a Web template layout

In the Web Application Designer, you create your Web template in the same way you do in various XHTML editors. See also Designing the Layout of Web Templates [Page

30].

7. Changing the Web template properties

a. To change the default properties of the Web template, select the Web template from the dropdown box in the Properties screen area.

b. Choose the Web Template Parameters tab page, where you can change the

parameter settings for the Web template.

For more information, see Web Template Properties [Page 30]. 8. Saving and executing the Web template

You execute the Web template in the Web browser (portal). The Web template becomes a Web application, which means the template is saved on the Application Server for ABAP and a URL is generated for this Web application.

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At runtime (triggered by calling the URL), the BI tags are replaced by corresponding HTML with the information determined by the Web item and data provider settings. When this is done, the Web template on the Application Server for ABAP is accessed. Therefore, you must save your Web template before you execute it.

a. To save your Web template, in the menu bar of the Web Application Designer, choose Web Template → Save.

b. Choose Web Template → Execute to view your Web application in the browser

(portal).

You must save the Web template before executing it in the Web browser. Therefore, when you execute the template, you are asked to save it if you have not already done so.

● To assign a Web template to a role, choose Web Template →

Publish → In Role. See also Role Maintenance [External]. ● To copy the URL of a Web template to the clipboard, choose

Web Template → Publish → Copy URL to Clipboard. The Web

template, however, must already be saved.

● To broadcast a Web template, choose Web Template → Publish → BEx Broadcaster. For more information, see Precalculating and Broadcasting Queries, Query Views, Web Templates and Reports [External].

Result

Your Web application is started and displayed in the portal, which in turn runs in a Web browser.

If you want to print your Web application, choose Print in the context menu for the executed Web application.

See also:

Further Editing Web Templates [Page 34]

4 Core Development Tasks

This section forms the core of the Developer's Guides and describes the central areas of the development phase.

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4.1 Developing User Interfaces

Purpose

Web Application Design

Business Explorer Web application design allows you to create highly individual scenarios with user-defined interface elements by using standard markup languages and Web design APIs. You can adjust and enhance the Web templates (the HTML pages that determine the structure of Web applications) on an individual basis.

Before you start creating a Web application, we recommend that you consider some basic points: See also Calling the Web Application [Page 43].

For more information about Web application design, see Web Application Design: BEx Web Application Designer [Page 11] and Web Design API [Page 53].

Enterprise Report Design

You can use the Report Designer to format and adapt the layout of your business data, according to your needs, in the form of a report.

For more information, see BEx Report Designer [Page 278].

Using Microsoft Excel Formatting

You can use the functions of Microsoft Excel to format your workbook, add new worksheets, and define graphics and charts.

For more information, see Design Mode [Page 298].

BEx Workbooks Design

You can configure various settings for your workbooks or apply themes to your workbooks. For more information, see Workbook Settings [Page 303].

BI Java SDK

You use the BI Java SDK to create analytical applications with which you access both multidimensional (Online Analytical Processing or OLAP) and tabular (relational) data. You can also edit and display this data.

You use command processors [External] to create and edit complex queries with simple commands.

For more information, see the Developer’s Guide in SDK distribution packages or on the SDN at https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/javadocs.sdn → BI.

4.1.1 Web Application Design: BEx Web Application

Designer

Use

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intelligence cockpits for simple or highly individual scenarios. Web application design comprises a broad spectrum of Web-based business intelligence scenarios, which you can adjust to meet your individual needs using standard Web technologies.

Features

The following figure shows how the Web Application Designer is integrated into the function landscape and tool landscape of the Business Explorer:

Business Explorer Suite (BEx)

BEx Query Designer Information Broadcasting Web Analyzer Web Application Designer Microsoft Excel Add-in Report Designer

BEx Web BEx Analyzer

BI Pattern SAP NetWeaver Portal BI InfoProvider 3rd Party BI BI Consumer Services

You can use this BEx Web Application Designer [Page 12], the desktop application used to create Web applications, to generate HTML pages that contain BI-specific contents such as tables, charts or maps. These objects, which retrieve BI data from a data provider and place it in a Web application as HTML, are known as Web items. For more information about the Web items available, see Web Items [Page 54]. Web Applications are based on Web Templates [Page 28] that you create and edit in the Web Application Designer. You can save the Web templates and access them from the Web Browser or the portal. Once they have been executed in the Web, Web templates are known as Web Applications.

Business Explorer Web application design allows you to create highly individual scenarios with user-defined interface elements by using standard markup languages and the Web design API. You can adjust and enhance the Web templates (the HTML pages that determine the structure of Web applications) on an individual basis. For more information on this, see

Web Design API [Page 53].

4.1.1.1 BEx Web Application Designer

Use

The BEx Web Application Designer is a desktop application for creating Web applications with BI-specific content. Using the BEx Web Application Designer, you can create an HTML page containing BI-specific content such as various tables, charts, or maps. This HTML page (Web application) is the basis not only for Web applications with complex interaction, but also for Web cockpits and iViews.

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Features

The initial view of the BEx Web Application Designer has four different screen areas in addition to the menu and Toolbars [Page 18].

● Web Items Screen Area [Page 14]

● Web Template Screen Area [Page 14]

● Properties Screen Area [Page 16]

● Error and Warnings Screen Area [Page 17]

For a detailed guide on creating Web applications, see Creating Web Applications with the BEx Web Application Designer [Page 47]. For more information about creating Web applications, see Creating Web Applications [Page 43].

You can adjust the appearance of the Web Application Designer to your requirements. The object on which you are working, namely the Web template, is handled differently from the tools and help windows with which you are working.

● You can show and hide the individual screen areas and toolbars using the View menu option.

● You can move the three toolbars and the Web Items and Properties windows as you require. Depending on where you move the object to, it is anchored or it appears freely as a toolbox.

● Since the Web Application Designer is a Multi-Document Interface Application (MDI Application), you can open and manage different windows with Web templates at the same time. You can use the Window menu option to arrange the windows differently:

cascading (overlapping), vertical or horizontal.

4.1.1.1.1 Screen Areas in the Web Application Designer

Use

The initial default view of the Web Application Designer consists of the following four screen areas to assist you when you work with the BEx tool:

Web Items Screen Area [Page 14] Web Template Screen Area [Page 14] Properties Screen Area [Page 16]

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4.1.1.1.1.1 Web

Items Screen Area

Definition

A component of the Web Application Designer

Use

The Web Items window offers a pool of Web items [Page 54] that you can use to create your Web application.

A Web item describes the way in which the data from a data provider [External]

is displayed, such as tables (Web item Analysis), maps (Web item Map) and graphics (Web item Chart).

Structure

The Web Items screen area is divided into the following sections:

● The selection groups for Web items (master Web items) are located in the upper area, divided into various categories:

○ Web-Item Grouping: Standard [Page 55]

○ Web-Item Grouping: Extended [Page 93]

○ Web-Item Grouping: Miscellaneous [Page 149]

Under Data Provider, you can create data providers of type Filter or of type Query

View. Drag the required data provider type into your Web template using Drag&Drop.

The dialog for creating data providers opens.

● Underneath the selection for Web items and data provider maintenance, you see the help area, which provides explanations for the Web items and the data providers. To display the texts for the respective Web item, select the Web item by double-clicking with the right mouse button. To hide the texts, proceed in the same way. Once you have hidden the display of texts and selected a Web item by single clicking, a quick info is displayed for the Web item.

4.1.1.1.1.2

Web Template Screen Area

Definition

A component of the Web Application Designer.

Use

The Web Template window contains the Web templates that you edit in the design process and that form the basis of your Web applications.

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The HTML page published on the Web is called a Web application. The Web template [Page 28] is the HTML page that you use to specify the structure of the Web application.

Structure

In the upper section of the Web Template screen area, there are three tab pages you can use to change the view of the Web template – in the same way that you do in an HTML editor.

● Layout tab page

In the layout view, you have a visual focus and specify the layout of the Web

application. To do this, you use drag and drop to insert Web items from the pool of Web items into your Web template. For more information about other options and

procedures for the layout of Web templates, see Designing the Layout of Web Templates [Page 30] and Context Menu in Web Templates [Page 32].

In the lower section of the layout view, you can create data providers. When you double-click New Data Provider, the dialog for creating data providers opens. You can also create data providers in the Web Items screen area.

● XHTML tab page

The XHTML view displays the XHTML that corresponds to the layout view. Each element of the XHTML syntax has a different color:

Syntax Element Color

Comments Gray Attributes Red

Attribute values Blue

HTML tags Black

BI-specific content (BI tags) such as Web items, commands, data providers

Dark red

Texts Green Hyperlinks Violet

In the XHTML view, you can edit the XHTML of a Web template directly. Alternatively, you can also edit the XHTML with an external XHTML editor. For more information about editing XHTML, see Further Editing Web Templates [Page 34].

● Overview tab page

On the Overview tab page, all Web items, data providers, and commands used in Web templates are listed. By selecting or deselecting checkboxes, you specify which of these objects is listed. The objects are listed vertically in the Web Item Name column. In the horizontal alignment of the table, any data providers and reusable Web items associated with the object listed are displayed. Using Sort Order, you can specify how the used objects are to be listed:

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If you choose this sort order, the objects used are listed by type: data providers, Web items and commands.

○ Web Template

If you choose this sort order, the sequence of the objects used in the Web template are displayed as a flat structure.

○ Web Template (Hierarchical)

If you choose this sort order, the sequence of the objects used in the Web template are displayed as a hierarchical structure. You see a hierarchical structure if you nest Web items in the Web template (for example, when you use the Container Web item).

You can change the parameters of the associated objects using the context menu for each Web item, Web template, and data provider listed.

For more information, see Creating Web Applications with the BEx Web Application Designer [Page 47].

4.1.1.1.1.3 Properties Screen Area

Definition

This a component of the Web Application Designer

Use

In the Properties screen area, you define the properties of Web templates and Web items.

Structure

The Properties screen area is divided into the following sections:

● In the dropdown box in the header of the screen area you see the selection for which you want to define properties – for a Web template [Page 28] or for specific Web items [Page 54]. Depending on your choice in the dropdown box, you can then make various settings for Web templates or Web items.

○ Once you have selected a Web template from the dropdown box, you can set the paramters for the Web template on the Web Template Parameter tab page. ○ Once you have chosen a Web item from the dropdown box, you can make the

following settings:

■ Tab page: General

Here you can use the Create New symbol next to the dropdown box to create a data provider and assign it to the Web item. See Web Template Parameters [Page 173].

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Here you can set the parameter for the selected Web item. See also:

Web Items [Page 54].

● In the lower area of the Web Item Parameter tab page or the Web Template Parameter Web page, context sensitive help is available.

4.1.1.1.1.4 Errors

and

Warnings Screen Area

Definition

This a component of the Web Application Designer

Use

The Errors and Warnings screen area is used to display errors and warnings that are found when a Web template is being verified.

Integration

The errors and warnings that are displayed in this screen area refer to the following possible checks of the Web template.

● Verify

This check is performed automatically and by default every two seconds. Within the verification, the internal structure of the Web template is checked. You can change the refresh time for the verification in the menu bar under Tools → Settings.

● Verification on the server

With this verification, which you trigger manually, additional conditions for creating a correct Web template are checked on the server side. Here for example, the system verifies whether a query that is being used as a data provider exists. To trigger the verification, on the menu bar for the Web Application Designer, choose Web Template → Verify on Server

For more information about verification and verification on the server, see Editing Web Templates Further [Page 34].

● Correct and format

During this verification, which you can trigger manually, the internal structure of the HTML is checked. You can only trigger this verification when you are in the XHTML view. From the Web Application Designer menu bar, choose Edit → Correct and

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4.1.1.1.2 Functions of the Web Application Designer Menu Bar

Use

From the menu bar and toolbars in the Web Application Designer, you can call all the functions you need to create or edit a Web template. This section provides you with an overview of these functions.

For more information about creating Web applications with the BEx Web Application

Designer, see Creating a Web Application [Page 43] and Creating Web Applications with the BEx Web Application Designer [Page 47].

Features

Menu Bar

The functions are available from the following menus in the menu bar:

Web Template [Page 19] Edit [Page 22] View [Page 23] Insert [Page 24] Format [Page 24] Tools [Page 25] Table [Page 27] Window [Page 27] Help [Page 28]

Toolbars

The Web Application Designer has the toolbars Standard, Insert, and Format.

Standard Toolbar

In the Standard toolbar, the following functions are available as pushbuttons in the menu bar: ● New ● Open ● Save ● Verify ● Verify on Server ● Execute in Browser ● Copy ● Cut ● Paste

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Insert Toolbar

In the Insert toolbar, the following functions are available as pushbuttons in the menu bar: ● Insert Table ● Hyperlink ● Image ● Language-Dependent Text ● DIV ● SPAN ● Any Tag Format Toolbar

In the Format toolbar, the following functions are available as pushbuttons in the menu bar: ● Fonts ● Font Size ● Bold ● Italic ● Left Align ● Right Align ● Center ● Background Color ● Font Color

● Background Color of Text

4.1.1.1.2.1

Functions in the Web Template Menu

Use

This section outlines the functions that are provided in the menu bar for the Web Application Designer in the Web Template menu.

Features

You can choose from the following functions in the Web Template menu:

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New Choose Web Template → New to create a new Web template that you want to publish as a Web application in a Web browser. See also Creating Web Applications with the BEx Web Application Designer [Page 47].

Open This function opens the BEx open dialog

[External]. From this dialog, you can open a Web template in your history, favorites, or roles, or by using the search function; you can then edit it or publish it in the Web browser.

Close You use this function to close a Web template. If

you have edited a Web template and want to keep the changes, save the Web template before you close it.

Delete You use this function to delete open Web

templates that are already saved.

Save You use this function to save any changes you

make to an existing Web template. When you create a new Web template and choose Save, the BEx save dialog [External] appears, where you can save your Web template in your favorites or roles.

Save As… This function takes you to the BEx save dialog [External], where you can save your Web template in your favorites or roles.

If you are authorized to delete Web templates, you are also able to overwrite any existing Web templates that you have saved in your favorites or roles. To do this, create a new Web template. To overwrite an existing Web template with the new Web template, in the Web Application Designer menu bar, choose Web Template →

Save As. In the Save Web Template dialog box,

select the Web template that you want to overwrite from your favorites or roles. Choose

Save. In the Do you want to overwrite <name of selected Web template>? dialog box, choose OK.

You cannot overwrite Web templates that are currently open in the Web Application Designer. Import from File… You use this function to import a Web template

that you edited with an external XHTML editor back into the Web Application Designer. See also

Further Editing Web Templates [Page 34]. Export to File… You use this function to export to a file system of

your choice a Web template that you want to edit with an external XHTML editor. See also Further Editing Web Templates [Page 34].

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Verify This function checks that the internal structure of the Web template is correct. By default, the verification is performed automatically every two seconds. You can change the refresh time under

Tools → Settings.

Any errors found during this check are displayed in the errors and warnings screen area [Page 17]. For more information about verification, see

Further Editing Web Templates [Page 34]. Validate Against Server You use this function to trigger an additional

check of the Web template. This checks the server conditions for a correct Web template. Any errors found during this check are displayed in the correction assistant, which suggests correction changes for the errors found. For more information about verification on the server, see Further Editing Web Templates [Page

34].

Runtime Format Preview This function provides a technical preview of the existing Web application. The runtime format is displayed.

Execute You use this function to call your Web application in the portal.

Publish In Role

You use this function to publish Web templates in roles. The system saves a link to the current Web template in the selected role.

To Portal

You use this function to publish Web templates as iViews in the Portal Content Directory. See also Publishing Queries, Web Applications and Reports [External].

BEx Broadcaster...

You use this function to open the BEx

Broadcaster, which you can use to precalculate and broadcast the Web template. See also

Precalculating and Broadcasting Queries, Query Views, Web Templates and Reports [External].

Copy URL to Clipboard

You use this function to copy the URL of the Web template to the clipboard so that you can call it in a Web browser or send it as an e-mail, for example. However, you must save the Web template first.

Recent Documents The Web templates that you opened last are displayed under this function.

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Exit You use this function to close the Web Application Designer. If you want to keep the changes you made to a Web template you created or edited, save the Web template before you close the Web Application Designer.

4.1.1.1.2.2

Functions in the Edit Menu

Use

Here you get an overview of the functions that are provided in the menu bar for the Web Application Designer in the Edit menu.

Features

You can choose from the following functions in the Edit menu:

Menu Entry Description

Copy

You use this function to copy single Web items, pictures, text and so on, or an HTML table, to insert them, for example, into another Web template.

Cut You use this function to cut a highlighted Web

item, HTML element, picture or text.

Paste You use this function to paste into a Web

template any Web items, texts, pictures or HTML elements that you have copied. For more information about the menu options in the Edit menu, see Context Menu in Web Templates [Page 32]

Delete Web Item You use this function to delete a highlighted Web item from the Web template.

Edit <HEAD> tag You use this function, which is only available in the layout view, you can edit the <HEAD> tag of the Web template.

Edit <BODY> tag You use this function, which is only available in the layout view, to edit the <BODY> tag of the Web template.

Correct and format You use this function, which is only available in the XHTML view, to trigger the check of the inner structure of the Web template. The XHTML text is simultaneously structured (formatted).

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4.1.1.1.2.3

Functions in the View Menu

Use

Here you get an overview of the functions that are provided in the menu bar for the Web Application Designer in the View menu.

Features

You can choose from the following functions in the View menu:

Show Borders You use this function, which is only available in the layout view, to display the frames of the inserted HTML tables.

Display HTML Tags Hide HTML Tags, Display Important HTML Tags, Display HTML Tags:

You use this function to display HTML tags that are not visibly displayed in the layout view by default (for example font tags). You can edit the tags using the context menu of the displayed tags.

Change Grid Display You use this function, which is only available in the layout view, to change the grid and grid pages that the Web template is based on, to suit your needs. You can hide grids, show grids and grid pages, or show the grid or grid pages individually.

You can set the size of the grids and grid pages using Grid Pages Settings.

Status Bar You use this function to show and hide the

status bar in the lowest screen area of the Web Application Designer. Depending on the view in which you are working (layout view or XHML view), different information is

displayed.

Display Toolbars You use this function to show and hide the

Insert, Format and Standard toolbars.

Web Items You use this function to show and hide the

Web Items screen area.

Properties You use this function to show and hide the

Properties screen area.

Reusable Web Items You use this function to show and hide the

Reusable Web Items screen area. If you

show this screen area, it appears as a tab page in the Web item screen area by default. However you can move this screen area about freely within the Web Application, just as you can with all other screen areas. See also Working with Reusable Web Items [Page 51].

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Errors and Warnings You use this function to show and hide the

Errors and Warnings screen area.

4.1.1.1.2.4

Functions in the Insert Menu

Use

Here you get an overview of the functions that are provided in the menu bar for the Web Application Designer in the Insert menu.

Features

You can choose from the following functions in the Insert menu:

Menu Entry Description

Web Item You use this function to insert Web items from

the various Web item groupings into a Web template.

Hyperlink You use this function to insert hyperlinks into

your Web templates.

Image You use this function to insert pictures into your

Web templates.

Language-dependent text You use this function to insert language-dependent texts into your Web templates.

DIV You use this function to insert <DIV> tags into

your Web templates.

SPAN You use this function to insert <SPAN> tags

into your Web templates.

Favorite tag You use this function to insert favorite tags into your Web templates. The available tags are given in a dropdown box.

4.1.1.1.2.5

Functions in the Format Menu

Use

Here you get an overview of the functions that are provided in the menu bar for the Web Application Designer in the Format menu.

Features

You can choose from the following functions in the Format menu:

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Fonts You use this function to determine the font of the texts that you insert into your Web templates.

Font Size You use this function to select the font size of

the texts that you insert into your Web templates.

Bold You use this function to format texts as bold.

Italic You use this function to set texts as italic.

Alignment Left Align

You use this function to left align objects.

Center

You use this function to center objects.

Right Align

You use this function to right align objects. Background Color You use this function to specify the background

color of the Web template.

Font Color You use this function to specify the color of the texts that you insert into your Web templates. Background Color of Text You use this function to specify the background

color of the texts that you insert into your Web templates.

4.1.1.1.2.6

Functions in the Tools Menu

Use

Here you get an overview of the functions that are provided in the menu bar for the Web Application Designer in the Tools menu.

Features

You can choose from the following functions in the Tools menu:

Migration Tool You use this function to convert Web

templates from SAP BW 3.x to Web templates from SAP NetWeaver 2004s. See also

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BEx Query Designer You use this function to call the BEx Query Designer to define queries. For more

information, see Defining New Queries [Page

368].

BEx Web Analyzer You use this function to call the BEx Web Analyzer to define a new query view (based on a query or on a query view). For more information, see BEx Web Analyzer [External]. Planning

You use this function to use BI Integrated Planning functions.

Planning Modeler

The planning modeler appears, which you can use to model, administer, and test all the metadata that belongs to a planning scenario.

Planning Wizard

The planning wizard appears, which supports you in using planning modeling for the first time.

For more information, see Modeling Planning Scenarios [External].

Settings You use this function to make the settings for

the Web Application Designer.

HTML Documentation

Here you can specify a link to any online or offline HTML documentation that you may need when editing the HTML (such as when inserting HTML tags). By default, there is a link to the documentation from the Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) here.

For more information about HTML documentation, see SAP Note 904001 on SAP Service Marketplace at

service.sap.com/notes

.

Metadata

In addition to specifying the directory for the metadata, you can update the metadata

General

Here you can determine the refresh time for the Errors and Warnings screen area and set the trace level that determines the granularity of the recording.

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4.1.1.1.2.7

Functions in the Table Menu

Use

Here you get an overview of the functions that are provided in the menu bar for the Web Application Designer in the Table menu.

Features

You can choose from the following functions in the Table menu:

Table

You use this function to insert HTML tables into your Web templates.

Note that to display HTML tables without frames in the layout view, the frames display must be switched on. See Menu: View [Page

23]→ Display Frames.

Insert Rows You use this function to insert rows into an

inserted HTML table. Use the mouse to click on the row under which the additional row should be inserted.

Insert Columns You use this function to insert a column into an inserted HTML table. Use the mouse to click on the column to the right of which the additional column should be inserted.

Delete Rows You use this function to delete a row from an

HTML table. Use the mouse to click on the line to be deleted.

Delete Columns You use this function to delete a column from an HTML table. Use the mouse to click on the column to be deleted.

Merge Cells You use this function to merge cells in an

HTML table. First enter texts in the cells that you want to merge. Select these cells and choose Merge Cells.

Split Cells You use this function to split a cell that you created by merging other cells.

4.1.1.1.2.8

Functions in the Window Menu

Use

Here you get an overview of the functions that are provided in the menu bar for the Web Application Designer in the Window menu.

Features

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Menu Entry Description Cascading

You use this function to arrange the various screen areas of the Web Application Designer so that they overlap.

Horizontally You use this function to horizontally arrange the various screen areas of the Web

Application Designer.

Vertically You use this function to vertically arrange the various screen areas of the Web Application Designer.

Select Web Template You call the Select Web Template window with this entry. You can create new Web templates or selecting existing ones from this window. Furthermore, the Web templates that you currently have open in the Web Application Designer are executed under the context menu entry.

4.1.1.1.2.9

Functions in the Help Menu

Use

Here you get an overview of the functions that are provided in the menu bar for the Web Application Designer in the Help menu.

Features

You can choose from the following functions in the Help menu:

Application Help

You can use this function to view the SAP NetWeaver online documentation. The Web

Application Design: BEx Web Application Designer section in the documentation for the

Business Explorer is displayed automatically.

Info… You can use this function to see the release of

the Web Application Designer with the number of the patch and the revision. You can quote this information to SAP if you need to send problem messages.

4.1.1.1.3 Web

Templates

Definition

You determine the structure of a Web application with a Web template. Using the Web Application Designer, you can insert placeholders for Web items [Page 54], data providers

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[External] and commands (see Command Wizard [Page 222]) into an XHTML document. The XHTML document with the BI-specific placeholders is called a Web template and can be edited in the Web Application Designer. The HTML page that is displayed in the Internet browser is called a Web application. Depending on which Web items you have inserted into the Web template, a Web application can contain one or more tables, charts, maps, dropdown boxes and so on.

Structure

A Web template is the keystone of a Web application and contains placeholders for Web items, data providers and commands. For the Web application, the place holder is filled during runtime and Web items, data providers and commands are generated.

In the Web template, you determine from which data provider and it what way (Web items) the BI data is displayed. You also determine which additional operations are possible (commands).

When a request is sent from a Web application to the application server for ABAP, a

Template object is generated from which the structure of the requested XHTML page is

derived. The following objects are generated on the basis of this Template: • Data providers

• Web item

Integration

You create Web templates on the application server for ABAP.

The executed Web applications are started and displayed in the portal, which in turn runs in a Web browser.

Example

The following is an example of a simple Web template with the navigation pane [Page 68] and

analysis [Page 56]Web items:

<bi:bisp xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40" xmlns:bi="http://xml.sap.com/2005/01/bi/wad/bisp" xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page" >

<title >Netweaver BI Web Application</title>

<body>

<bi:TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS name="TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS" > <bi:ERRORS_VISIBLE value="X" />

</bi:TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS>

<bi:QUERY_VIEW_DATA_PROVIDER name="MY_FIRST_DATAPROVIDER" > <bi:INITIAL_STATE type="CHOICE" value="QUERY" >

<bi:QUERY value="MY_FIRST_QUERY" text="Type" /> </bi:INITIAL_STATE>

</bi:QUERY_VIEW_DATA_PROVIDER>

<bi:NAVIGATION_PANE_ITEM name="NAVIGATION_PANE_ITEM_1" designwidth="240" designheight="300" >

<bi:DATA_PROVIDER_REF value="MY_FIRST_DATAPROVIDER" /> <bi:HEIGHT value="300" />

<bi:WIDTH value="240" /> </bi:NAVIGATION_PANE_ITEM>

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<bi:DATA_PROVIDER_REF value="MY_FIRST_DATAPROVIDER" /> <bi:HEIGHT value="300" /> <bi:WIDTH value="400" /> </bi:ANALYSIS_ITEM> </body> </html> </bi:bisp>

4.1.1.1.3.1

Web Template Properties

Use

You can specify the properties for your Web application in each Web template. You can determine whether messages are displayed in the Web application. The properties are set, as with all Web items, using the associated parameters. From the dropdown box in the header of the Properties screen area, choose the Web template for which you want to make the

settings. On the Web Template Parameter tab page you can change the properties set by default. For information about the individual properties (parameters), see Web Template Parameters [Page 173].

The context menu [Page 170]Web item is available for setting the context menu in a Web application.

4.1.1.1.3.2

Designing the Layout of Web templates

Use

You can change your Web template in the layout and design it as you like.

Features

Arranging Web Items on the Page

● You can change the size of the placeholders. You can see what effect resizing a Web item in a Web application has by looking at the values, shown in the XHTML view by the parameters Height and Width for the corresponding Web item.

● You can align the Web items horizontally.

○ Choose Format → Left Justify in the menu bar of the Web Application Designer, to left justify the Web item.

○ Choose Format → Right Justify in the menu bar of the Web Application Designer, to right justify the Web item.

○ Choose Format → Center in the menu bar of the Web Application Designer, to center justify the Web item.

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● To change the position of the Web items in the Web template, drag a Web item to the required position using Drag&Drop.

● To place several Web items next to each other you have to take the width of the Web template into account. If the Web Template is wide enough for a second Web item, this is positioned to the right of the first Web item because the Web browser breaks up pages according to standard HTML.

Arranging Web Items Using an HTML Table

You can use an HTML table to arrange Web items optimally next to and below one another. You can apply this grid as required..

...

1. Choose Table → Insert Table in the menu bar of the Web Application Designer.

2. Set up the table according to your settings and requirements. 3. Choose OK. The table is inserted into the Web template.

4. You can drag different Web items into the individual table cells, depending on whether you want to arrange your Web items horizontally or vertically.

Enhancing Web Templates with Texts

As well as inserting and arranging Web items, you can also enhance your Web template with texts, which you can format.

...

1. Place the cursor on a position in the Web template and enter a text.

2. You format it by selecting the text passage and choosing one of the following options from the menu bar (menu Format) or the Format toolbar of the Web Application Designer. ○ Fonts ○ Font size ○ Bold ○ Italic ○ Left justify ○ Right justify ○ Center ○ Text color

○ Background color of text

Enhancing Web Templates with Images

In addition to inserting and arranging Web items and texts, you can attach images, such as corporate logos, to your Web templates. These images are stored in the MIME Repository of the BI server. The system supports GIF, JPG and BMP formats.

...

1. Position the cursor where you want to insert an image into the Web template. 2. Choose Insert → Image and select the image file.

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4.1.1.1.3.2.1

Context Menu in Web Templates

Use

Web items and HTML elements (for example, tables, texts, and images) that you insert into a Web template, as well as the Web template itself, have a context menu. This context menu has context-sensitive menu entries that you can use to call various Web Application Designer functions. You can, for example, use the context menu to save a Web item (for which you have determined specific properties using the parameters) as a reusable Web item, call the properties dialog box for this Web item, copy the Web item and paste it into another Web template, or delete the Web item from the Web template.

Features

You can call the context menu

...

1. From an empty point in the Web template You can choose from the following functions:

○ <BODY>-tag properties…

If you choose this function, you can edit the <BODY> tag of the Web template. ○ Paste

■ Table

If you choose this function you can insert an HTML table into your Web template.

■ Hyperlink

If you choose this function you can insert hyperlinks into your Web template.

■ Image

If you choose this function you can insert images into your Web template. ■ DIV

If you choose this function you can insert the <DIV> tag. ■ SPAN

If you choose this function you can insert the <SPAN> tag. ■ Favorite tag

If you choose this function you can insert any tag from the list. ○ Copy

○ Cut ○ Paste ○ Delete

For more information about inserting images and HTML tables into Web templates, see

SAP BW BEX Reporting User Guide

Enterprise

Reporting, Query,

and Analysis

T y p o g r a p h i c C o n v e n t i o n s

I c o n s

Contents

1 Enterprise Reporting, Query, and Analysis

Purpose

Advantages for Application Development

Prerequisites

2 Getting

Involved

2.1

Working with the Development Environment

Purpose

3 Go and Create

https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/javadocs.sdn

3.1 Defining

New

Queries

Use

Prerequisites

Procedure

Overview

Defining Queries

Result

3.2

Creating Web Applications with the BEx Web

Application Designer

Use

Procedure

Result

4 Core Development Tasks

4.1

Developing User Interfaces

Purpose

4.1.1

Web Application Design: BEx Web Application

Designer

Use

Features

4.1.1.1

BEx Web Application Designer

Use

Features

4.1.1.1.1

Screen Areas in the Web Application Designer

Use

4.1.1.1.1.1 Web

Items Screen Area

Definition

Use

Structure

4.1.1.1.1.2

Web Template Screen Area

Definition

Use

Structure

4.1.1.1.1.3 Properties Screen Area

Definition

Use

Structure

4.1.1.1.1.4 Errors

and

Warnings Screen Area

Definition

Use

Integration

4.1.1.1.2

Functions of the Web Application Designer Menu Bar

Use

Features

Menu Bar

Toolbars

4.1.1.1.2.1

Functions in the Web Template Menu

Use

Features

4.1.1.1.2.2