PHA Pro User Guide 8.3.4

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User Guide

IHS PHA-Pro

®

8.3.4

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TRADEMARKS

IHS and the IHS globe design are registered trademarks of IHS. Other trademarks appearing in this publication are the property of IHS or their respective owners.

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P

REFACE

Welcome to PHA-Pro®_{, the most comprehensive and innovative software tool for}

conducting a Process HAzards Analysis. It provides expert guidance for studying a full range of products to help companies identify potential problems in order to eliminate them, or at least reduce their likelihood of occurring and minimize their harmful effects.

PHA-Pro includes numerous features that make it quick and easy to record information, generate quantitative risk data and create PDF and HTML reports. This manual shows you how to get the most out of these features. PHA-Pro not only helps you to conduct a PHA, it also facilitates your study. The predefined hierarchy immediately gives structure and focus to your PHA. The built-in libraries aid you in quickly entering data instead of having to recreate it from scratch, and the libraries can also help your PHA team to brainstorm. In short, this software stands out from generic products, such as spreadsheets, that were never specifically designed for an PHA environment. When you open PHA-Pro, you can immediately begin conducting your Process Hazards Analysis much more quickly, efficiently and cost-effectively.

This section discusses the following topics:

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IHS End-User License Agreement for Desktop Pro

Software Products

IMPORTANT--READ CAREFULLY: This IHS End-User License Agreement ("EULA") is a legal agreement between you (“Client”) (either an individual or a single entity) and IHS Global Canada Limited (“IHS”), a corporation located in Calgary, AB Canada, for the Desktop Pro software products , which includes computer software and/or associated media and printed materials, and may include "on-line" or electronic documentation ("Product(s)"). By installing, or otherwise using the Product(s), Client agrees to be bound by the terms of this EULA. If Client does not agree to the terms of this EULA, promptly return the download link or unopened Product(s) to the place from which Client obtained it. Entering the keycode constitutes agreement with the terms of the EULA.

1. GRANT OF LICENSE. Subject to the terms and conditions of this EULA, for the Product(s) set forth in any executed Quote, IHS grants to Client a Stand Alone PC License, ,as set out in the Quote ,that is nonexclusive, nontransferable, nonsublicensable and revocable for the term set forth in the Quote for each Product, solely for its own internal use.

Stand Alone PC License. Client may install and use one copy of the Product(s) on the local hard drive of a single computer. The primary user of the computer on which the Product(s) is installed may make one copy for backup purposes only. The Product(s) may only be used by individuals who are “Authorized Users”, defined as: full or part-time employees of Client and those Client contractors who are required to access the Product(s) set forth on the Quote solely for the purpose of assisting Client in its internal business purposes. Client will be fully liable and responsible for the acts and omissions of its Authorized Users.

2. MAINTENANCE AND SUPPORT . The initial term of the Maintenance and Support is set forth in the Quote. So long as Client is not in material breach of this EULA, the Maintenance and Support automatically will renew for successive renewal terms of 12 months (or as specified in the Quote) unless Client provides IHS with written notice of its intent not to renew at least 30 days prior to the end of the initial or any renewal term. Maintenance and Support is provided in accordance with the terms of the IHS Customer Care User Guide as posted on ecn.ihs.com.

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• Client understands and agrees that the Product(s) are the proprietary, confidential and/or trade secret information of IHS or a third party whose product may be licensed with the Product(s) or recommended in connection with installation and use of the Product(s) and that the confidential period of such Product(s) along with the third party product(s) remains so in perpetuity. • Except as may be expressly authorized herein, Client may not transfer,

sublicense, relicense, disclose to third parties or commercially exploit Product(s), or use Product(s) for third party transactions, commercial time-sharing, rental or service bureau use or publicly perform or publicly display Product(s) or otherwise reproduce, directly or indirectly, the Product(s) in whole or in part, or any materials relating thereto.

• Client must take all reasonable steps to ensure that no unauthorized persons shall have access to the Product(s) and that all authorized persons having access to the Product(s) shall refrain from any such disclosure, duplication or reproduction. Client must not reverse engineer, disassemble, decompile, create derivative works or otherwise alter or modify Product(s) provided hereunder.

• Client may not copy the printed materials accompanying the Product(s). • Client shall not publish or disclose any results of any benchmark tests run on

the Product(s)

• Client shall not run and/or access the Product(s) through a hardware or software terminal server or emulator such as “Citrix” or comparable servers or technology.

4. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY. Subject only to the licenses expressly granted in the Quote and herein, IHS or its third party providers will be the sole owner of all intellectual property rights in and to the Product(s). Client will not remove any copyright, trademark or other proprietary notices of IHS or any third Party contained on or in the Product(s) and Client will reproduce all such notices on all copies permitted to be made by Client under this EULA.

5. EXPORT CONTROL/FOREIGN CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT. The Product(s) provided by IHS under this Agreement may contain technical data (e.g., encryption technology) the export, re-export, transfer or sale of which is controlled by U.S. export control laws. Client warrants and represents to IHS that Client will not itself or through others export or re-export the Product(s) in any manner or form. Both parties will comply with all applicable country laws relating to anti-corruption and anti-bribery, including the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the UK Anti-Bribery Act. Both parties represent and affirm that no bribes or corrupt actions have or will be offered, given, received or performed in relation to the procurement or performance of this proposal. For the purposes of this clause, “bribes or corrupt actions” means any payment, gift, or gratuity, whether in cash or kind, intended to obtain or retain an advantage, or any other action deemed to be corrupt under the applicable country laws.

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6. WARRANTY. IHS warrants that the Product(s) provided by IHS under this EULA will comply with all material specifications set forth in the Documentation accompanying the Product(s) for a period of 90 days from date of delivery, if Client is to install or 90 days from date of installation, if IHS is to install. IHS warrants that such Product(s) does not contain known viruses or other lock-out capabilities, unless expressly set forth in the Quote. IHS does not warrant that such Product(s) will be free from virus and bugs. To enforce this warranty, Client must provide IHS with written notification of any failure of said Product(s) to comply with any material specification within the warranty period set forth above. IHS must be able to replicate such failure. Client’s sole and exclusive remedy for any such replicated failure, at IHS’ sole option, is to: (i) use commercially reasonable efforts to correct such failure within 30 days of receipt of said written notice from Client; or (ii) refund the pro rata Fees paid by Client for the defective portion of the Product(s), based upon a five year depreciation schedule. IHS DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,

CONDITIONS AND OTHER TERMS, WHETHER STATUTORY, ARISING FROM COURSE OF DEALING, OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION TERMS AS TO QUALITY, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. CLIENT ASSUMES ALL RISK IN USING THE RESULTS OF PRODUCT(S).

7. FEES: All fees relating to this EULA and the relevant Quote are exclusive of and Client is solely responsible for payment of all applicable taxes which shall be paid by the Client. All fees are due in net 30 days terms after the date of the relevant invoice issued by IHS.

8. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. IN NO EVENT WILL IHS OR ITS

SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND OR NATURE

WHATSOEVER, SUFFERED BY CLIENT, INCLUDING, WITHOUT

LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS, LOST DATA, LOSS OF REPUTATION, LOSS OF GOOD WILL, BUSINESS INTERRUPTIONS OR OTHER ECONOMIC LOSS ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS EULA AND ANY QUOTES OR ANY USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE PRODUCT(S) EVEN IF

ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SAME. IHS IS NOT LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED IN ANY WAY TO: (i) THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF CLIENT

INFORMATION; OR (ii) USE OF PRODUCT(S) OR SERVICES; OR (iii) CLIENTS’ NEGLIGENCE AND WILLFUL ACT; OR (iv) MODIFICATIONS TO PRODUCT(S) OR SERVICES; WHETHER SUCH DAMAGES ARE SUFFERED BY CLIENT OR ANY THIRD PARTY. IHS’s total aggregate liability in contract, tort, (including negligence) misrepresentation or otherwise,

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including liability for any damages arising out of or related to this EULA or any Quote will not exceed the Fees paid by Client hereunder for the defective portion of the Product(s) that is the subject of the claim.

9. AUDIT. At IHS’ request, Client shall within thirty (30) days fully document and certify to IHS in writing that all Product(s) are being used in accordance with the terms and conditions of this EULA and Quote. Not more than once annually (unless prior violations have been discovered) during the term of this EULA and one (1) year thereafter, IHS may audit relevant records at Client’s location during normal business hours to enable IHS to ensure Client’s compliance with this EULA and Quote. If an audit reveals that Client has underpaid applicable fees and/or charges to IHS, Client shall be invoiced for such underpaid fees on the then current prices in effect and IHS’ reasonable costs of conducting the audit.

10. MISCELLANEOUS. This EULA is governed by the laws of the State of New York. The Parties may not modify, alter or amend this EULA or any Quote except by written instrument duly executed by authorized representatives of both Parties. The Product(s) are provided subject to US Government Restricted Rights legend. Client may assign this Agreement to any third party (whether directly or

indirectly, by operation of law or otherwise) only with the prior written consent of IHS. This EULA and the Quote set forth the entire agreement between the parties and supersede any and all prior proposals, understandings, representations, agreements, undertakings, statements or communications, written or oral, of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof. Nothing contained in any Client-issued purchase order, purchase order acknowledgement, purchase order terms and conditions or invoice will in any way modify or add any additional terms or conditions to this EULA. Such Client-issued purchase orders are for Client’s internal purposes only and do not affect in any way Client’s obligations under this EULA; provided however that such typically variable terms as price, quantity, tax exempt status, delivery date, shipping instructions and the like, as applicable and only as mutually agreed upon, and as may be specified on Client-issued purchase orders.

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C

HAPTER

1: I

NSTALLING

PHA-P

RO

Installing PHA-Pro is a simple task. This guide tells you the minimum system requirements your computer must have and the steps you need to perform to install the software. You will learn how to start PHA-Pro and authorize your license so you can begin a new study. The chapter also explains how to update the software, how to remove it from your computer, and how to transfer it to another computer or server

This section discusses the following topics: Minimum System Requirements on page 2. Installing PHA-Pro on page 3.

Changing File Locations on page 8. Starting the Software on page 9. Authorizing Your License on page 10. Updating PHA-Pro on page 12.

Re-Installing the My Documents Shortcuts on page 13. Uninstalling PHA-Pro on page 14.

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Minimum System Requirements

In order for PHA-Pro to run on your system, your computer must meet the following minimum system requirements:

*Additional space is required during setup.

**Diskspace for a client computer install is 10 MB. Operating

System Computer/Processor Available Hard Disk Space* Memory Workstation /Client Computer** Install:

Windows XP SP 2 733MHz _{microprocessor} 50 MB (program)

1 GB (database) 512 MB Windows Vista

Business SP 1 1 GHz microprocessor

50 MB (program)

1 GB (database) 1 GB Windows 7 1 GHz _{microprocessor} 50 MB (program)

1 GB (database) 1 GB Network Server Install:

Windows Server 2003 733MHz microprocessor 50 MB (program) 1 GB (database) 512 MB Windows Server 2008 733MHz microprocessor 50 MB (program) 1 GB (database) 512 MB Note: Network Servers require .NET 2.0 or greater.

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Installing PHA-Pro

PHA-Pro must be installed either on a single workstation, or on a network server for several users. You cannot run the program from the CD. To successfully install and run PHA-Pro, you must be able to install the program by one of the following: • Internet access that supports file downloads.

• CD-ROM or DVD Drive.

• Networked shared drive containing the setup files.

The maximum number of users that can use PHA-Pro at any given time is equal to the number of licenses that you have purchased. For example, if you have purchased three licenses and they are all being used, the fourth person attempting to load PHA-Pro is placed in 'queue' for access.

Installing PHA-Pro on a Single Workstation on page 3.

Installing PHA-Pro on a Windows 2003, 2008 Server on page 4. Client Installation Setup on page 6.

Alternate Network Setup on page 6. Setting Folder Options on page 7. Installation Support on page 7. Installing PHA-Pro on a

Single Workstation

To install PHA-Pro on a single workstation:

Note: You must have administrator privileges before installing this software. Contact your Information Systems Specialist for assistance if necessary. Note: In order to install this software on a Vista or Windows 7 machine, you must

run the installer as an administrator. You can do this by right clicking the installation package and selecting "Run as Administrator". Contact your Information Systems Specialist for assistance if necessary.

Step Action

1. Download package from web site and run the .exe file. OR

If installing from the CD:

1. Place the CD in the CD-ROM or DVD drive.

The AutoPlay brings up a product selection window (if AutoPlay is disabled, double-click your CD-ROM in My Computer to manually launch selection window).

2. Select the required PHA-Pro from list. 3. Select Install Software.

The Welcome to Setup Wizard window appears. 2. Click Next.

The End-User License Agreement screen opens.

3. Select the I accept the terms in the License Agreement radio button.

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The first time you launch PHA-Pro, the License Configuration dialog box opens. It asks for a License to authorize the copy of PHA-Pro. For information on authorizing your software, see Authorizing Your License on page 10.

Installing PHA-Pro on a Windows 2003, 2008 Server

When installing PHA-Pro on a Windows®_{server, you must ensure that:}

• The program is installed directly onto the server itself - no mapped or virtual drive installations.

• The Dyadem program directory must be 'shared' with full access.

• Users must be given full access privileges to the Dyadem directory share, and its sub-folders and files (read, write, modify, delete).

To install PHA-Pro on a Windows 2003, 2008 Server: 4. Click Next.

The Choose Setup Type window appears. 5. Click Workstation button.

The Install Location screen opens.

6. If you want to change the location of where the program is to be installed, enter the new location in the text field.

By default, PHA-Pro is installed to C:/Program Files/PHA-Pro.

7. Select the language that you want the software to use from the drop-down list.

Note: If you are going to use Right to Left or Asian Languages: 1. On the Windows Tool bar, click Start.

2. Go to Control Panel>Regional and Languages Support. 3. Click Languages.

4. Ensure that the two following check boxes are selected: • Install files for complex script and right-to-left languages

(Including Thai).

• Install files for East Asian languages.

When you select these boxes, you may have to install additional Windows files.

8. Click Next.

The Ready to Install window appears. 9. Click Install.

PHA-Pro installs. 10. Click Finish.

Note: If you are updating to PHA-Pro 8.0 from an earlier version, you must request a kill code from Application Support as well as request a new license.

Step Action

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2. Download package from web site and run the .exe file. OR

If installing from the CD:

1. Place the CD in the CD-ROM or DVD drive.

The AutoPlay brings up a product selection window (if AutoPlay is disabled, double-click your CD-ROM in My Computer to manually launch selection window).

2. Select the applicable PHA-Pro from list. 3. Select Install Software.

Note: The application must be loaded on the local drive of the server. 3. Click Next.

The End-User License Agreement screen opens.

4. Select the I accept the terms in the License Agreement radio button.

5. Click Next.

The Choose Setup Type window appears. 6. Click Network Server button.

The Install Location screen opens.

7. If you want to change the location of where the program is to be installed, enter the new location in the text field.

By default, PHA-Pro is installed to C:/Program Files/PHA-Pro.

8. Select the language that you want the software to use from the drop-down list.

Note: If you are going to use Right to Left or Asian Languages: 1. On the Windows Tool Bar, click Start.

2. Go to Control Panel>Regional and Languages Support. 3. Click Languages.

4. Ensure that the two following check boxes are selected: • Install files for complex script and right-to-left languages

(Including Thai).

• Install files for East Asian languages.

When you select these boxes, you may have to install additional Windows files.

9. Click Next.

The Ready to Install window appears. 10. Click Install.

PHA-Pro installs. 11. Click Finish.

12. Install shortcuts on the individual workstations.

For more information, see Client Installation Setup on page 6. Step Action

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The first time you launch PHA-Pro, the License Configuration dialog box opens. It asks for a License to authorize the copy of PHA-Pro. For information on authorizing your software, see Authorizing Your License on page 10.

Client Installation Setup Once PHA-Pro has been set up on your server, you must set up the individual workstations to access to the program. You can set up as many individual

workstations as you require. The maximum number of users that can use PHA-Pro at any given time, however, equals the number of licenses purchased. If you require additional licenses, please contact your vendor.

To setup client access to the network version of PHA-Pro:

Alternate Network Setup An alternate network installation for PHA-Pro is to set up the license on your server and install unlicensed copies of PHA-Pro on your workstations. When you start PHA-Pro on the workstation, it authorizes its license against that on the server. This allows the workstations to work faster than if the program was on server.

To set up the license on your server and install unlicensed copies on your workstations:

Note: In order to install this software on a Vista machine, you must run the installer as an administrator. You can do this by right clicking the installation package and selecting "Run as Administrator". Contact your Information Systems Specialist for assistance if necessary.

Step Action

1. Login to the workstation with administrator rights.

2. Point to the PHA-Pro 8.0.3.1 client setup.exe file on the server. 3. Run the exe and follow the Wizard.

Step Action

1. Install PHA-Pro on the server.

For more information, see Installing PHA-Pro on a Windows 2003, 2008

Server on page 4.

2. Run PHA-Pro on the server and give it a network license. For more information, see Authorizing Your Copy on page 11. 3. Install PHA-Pro on the client computer.

For more information, see Installing PHA-Pro on a Single Workstation on page 3.

4. Run PHA-Pro on the client computer. The License Configuration dialog box opens.

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You can install as many unlicensed copies of PHA-Pro as you require. The maximum number of users that can use PHA-Pro at any given time, however, equals the number of licenses purchased. If you require additional licenses, please contact your vendor.

Setting Folder Options The settings.ini file allows you to set up certain options in a central location. Once set up, these options will be the same for all users of the network license. You can also lock these settings so that individual users cannot change them.

A sample ini file is as follows:

[folders] DocumentFolder=\\Server1\Share\Documents TemplateFolder=\\Server1\Share\Templates LibraryFolder=\\Server1\Share\Libraries AutobackupFolder=\\Server2\Share\Autobackup DocumentFolderLock=1 TemplateFolderLock=1 LibraryFolderLock=1 AutobackupFolderLock=1

In the above sample, each option name corresponds to the File Location option in PHA-Pro. For more information, see Changing File Locations on page 8. For each folder option in the ini file, there is a corresponding lock option that locks the folder so that users cannot change it. For example for the folder option

DocumentFolder, there is the lock option DocumentFolderLock.

Installation Support There may be some issues on a case-by-case basis, which are inherent in server installs. If you have issues with your network installation, you can contact us at:

[email protected] or call 416.649-9224.

5. Within the License dialog box, click the See more options. 6. Click Change license location.

7. Click the Browse button.

8. Find the folder on the server where PHA-Pro was installed in step 1.

9. Select this folder and click OK.

10. Click OK to exit the Choose License Location dialog box. A message tells you that PHA-Pro needs to be restarted. 11. Click OK.

PHA-Pro automatically restarts. Step Action

Note: You do not have to specify the lock option to allow users to change the folder settings. If you omit the option, the folder setting in the ini file defaults to allowing changes.

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Changing File Locations

You control where the software stores your PHA-Pro files, templates, libraries and backup files.

To change the folder where PHA-Pro stores its files, templates, libraries and backup files:

Note: If you want to change these locations on a server for a network license, you can make these changes in the settings.ini file. For more information, see

Setting Folder Options on page 7.

Step Action

1. Go to Tools>Options.

The Options dialog box opens. 2. Click the File Locations tab.

This tab lists the following folders and their location on your computer system:

• Documents. • Template Files. • Library Files. • Auto-Backup Files.

Note: The Data Files are also listed but without a location. These files contain the change logs, revision history and should not be moved.

3. To change the storage folder, either: Double-click the folder.

Or

Click the folder and then click Modify.

The Browse for Folder dialog box appears. The current folder appears highlighted in the list.

4. Click the desired folder.

5. Click OK to close the Browse for Folder dialog box. 6. In the Options dialog box, click OK.

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Starting the Software

To launch PHA-Pro on your computer: Step Action

1. On the Start menu, point to Programs. 2. Select the PHA-Pro folder

3. Click the PHA-Pro icon. PHA-Pro opens on your screen.

Note: If you are starting the PHA-Pro for the first time, see Authorizing

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Authorizing Your License

Once you have installed PHA-Pro, you must authorize its license using a license. This is a two stage process. You apply for a license, and then when you receive the license, you use it to authorize your copy of PHA-Pro.

This section discusses the following topics: Applying for Your License on page 10. Authorizing Your Copy on page 11.

Applying for Your License The first time you start PHA-Pro, the License Configuration dialog box opens. To apply for the license, you must complete the License Configuration form and e-mail it to us. You will receive a file with the license that contains the activation codes that you require to validate PHA-Pro.

To authorize your license:

Step Action

1. If you are authorizing a Network licence, you must first enter the network location for the license:

1. Click Show More Options. 2. Click Change License Location.

3. Enter the network location for where the license is to be placed. Note: Even if you are placing the license on the same server, you must

enter the network address for the folder. In other words, you must enter //<servername>/PHA-Pro rather than C:\program

files\PHA-Pro. 4. Click Ok.

5. Click Ok to restart PHA-Pro.

Tip: You can use this procedure to place a workstation license in a

different folder on your computer. Do not use the network address. The default license address is the folder where the software is installed.

2. Click Request a License.

The Request License dialog box opens.

3. Complete the following fields on yourself and your company:

• Name. • Title. • Company. • Department. • Phone. • Extension. • E-mail Address.

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Authorizing Your Copy After you receive the license, save it to your computer and then apply it to the software. Once this is done, the software can be used.

To authorize your copy of PHA-Pro:

4. From the Type of License drop-down list, select the type of license:

• Free Workstation Evaluation (time-limited). • Free Network Evaluation (time-limited) • Full Workstation License.

• Full Network License.

5. Enter the Serial Number in the Serial # field. (Required for full license)

6. Enter any additional information in Notes field.

7. Enter the following information on your account manager or customer care representative:

• Name.

• E-mail address. 8. Click either:

• Send Request by E-mail Now. • Save Request to File.

Note: The latter option is required if you use web-based e-mail or unsupported e-mail software. You must e-mail the file to [email protected].

Tip: If you are saving the request to file, we suggest that you save the

file to your desktop. This will make the file easier to find when you email the request.

A file containing the access codes is e-mailed to you. Step Action

Step Action

1. Open the e-mail reply.

2. On the e-mail menu, go to File>Save Attachments.

3. Use the Save As dialog box to save the key to the same folder as the key request.

4. Open PHA-Pro.

The License dialog box opens. 5. Click Load License from File.

The Open dialog box opens.

6. Using the Look in field, navigate to the folder containing the license.

7. Select the file containing the license. 8. Click Open.

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Updating PHA-Pro

IHS regularly updates its software to add new features, deal with known issues and otherwise improve the quality of its products. Registered owners of PHA-Pro can always download the latest update from ECN. Installing an update on your computer does not void your existing license. Updating the software does not void your existing license.

When you update PHA-Pro, it uses the last language set.

Downloading Updates from the Web

To download an update of PHA-Pro:

Note: If you are updating a network licensed version of PHA-Pro, you must update the program at the server. If updating an alternate network installation, you must update the program at the server and at each workstations.

Note: The language setting is found in the regedit file. When you uninstall PHA-Pro, the file is not affected, and the settings remain. The new version uses the regedit file settings. If you want to clear the settings, you must go into regedit and clear the setting manually.

Step Action

1. Go to Help>About PHA-Pro.

The About dialog box appears. Under Version, the dialog box displays the version number of PHA-Pro that is installed on your computer system. 2. Record this number on a piece of paper.

3. Click OK.

The dialog box closes.

4. Open Internet Explorer and go to ecn.ihs.com. 5. Login with your username and password.

6. Navigate to the download page for product updates.

7. Compare the version number displayed on this Web page with the information you recorded in step 3.

If the information is the same, your copy of PHA-Pro is already up-to-date.

8. If an update is available, click the download link and follow the instructions on your screen.

Note: Before installing the update, you must remove the

ApplicationSettings.cfg file. This allows the program to create the

shortcuts to the Templates, Libraries and Sample Studies folders. For more information, see Maintaining the Shortcuts Before

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Re-Installing the My Documents Shortcuts

A folder entitled PHA-Pro Documents is created under My Documents as a shortcut to the Templates, Libraries and Sample Studies folders. PHA-Pro adds them when it is first run on the computer. When the program is updated or re-installed, these shortcuts are lost. You can, however, carry out a simple procedure to ensure that the shortcuts remain.

Maintaining the Shortcuts Before Updating on page 13. Re-Installing the Shortcuts After an Upgrade on page 13 Maintaining the Shortcuts

Before Updating

To ensure that the shortcuts remain before updating the program:

Re-Installing the Shortcuts After an Upgrade

If you installed an update without removing the ApplicationSettings.cfg file, the shortcut to the Templates, Libraries and Sample Studies folders will be missing. To re-install the shortcuts on an updated version of the program:

Step Action

1. Before installing the update, using Windows Explorer go to C:\Documents and Settings\<User Name>\Application Data\Dyadem\PHA-Pro 7.

2. Delete the ApplicationSettings.cfg file.

You can now update the program without losing the shortcuts.

Step Action

1. Close the program.

2. Using Windows Explorer, go to C:\Documents and Settings\<User Name>\Application Data\Dyadem\PHA-Pro 7.

3. Delete the ApplicationSettings.cfg file.

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Uninstalling PHA-Pro

When you install PHA-Pro, the setup program also adds an “uninstall” program to your system. The uninstall program records the activity during the installation process, and you can use it to safely remove PHA-Pro from your computer.

To uninstall PHA-Pro:

Note: Uninstalling PHA-Pro terminates your license, and may cause the loss of data.

Step Action

1. On the Start menu, click Programs. 2. Select the PHA-Pro folder.

3. Click Uninstall PHA-Pro. A confirmation dialog box opens. 4. Click Yes.

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C

HAPTER

2: M

ETHODOLOGIES AND

A

DVANCED

TECHNIQUES

PHA-Pro software is specifically designed for conducting a Process Hazards

Analysis (PHA) in a wide variety of industrial settings. It supports the most

commonly used PHA methodologies and provides many features that empower you to complete studies quickly and efficiently.

This overview discusses the PHA methodologies supported by PHA-Pro, including the strengths and limitations of each method. Understanding these basics is essential for choosing the approach that best meets your needs and for planning an effective study. For more information, see Guidelines for Process Hazards Analysis, Hazards Identification & Risk Analysis, 3rd Edition (2003). This section discusses the following topics:

Risk Concepts on page 16.

Choosing a PHA Methodology on page 18.

Methodologies Supported by PHA-Pro on page 19. HAZOP Methodology on page 20.

What If Methodology on page 27. Checklist Methodology on page 29.

What If/Checklist Methodology on page 31.

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Methodology on page 33. Preliminary Hazards Analysis Methodology on page 35.

Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points Methodology on page 37. Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) Methodology on page 39. Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Methodology on page 50.

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Risk Concepts

Before carrying out a PHA to identifying hazard, you should understand the difference between hazard and risk. Many people often confuse risk and hazard. Although related, they are not the same.

This section discusses the following topics: What is a Hazard? on page 16.

Identifying Hazards on page 16 What is Risk? on page 16. Managing Risk on page 16.

As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) on page 16.

What is a Hazard? A hazard is an inherent chemical or physical characteristic that has the potential for causing damage to people, property, or the environment.

Identifying Hazards When identifying hazards, you must identify the following: • Potential loss of containment situations.

• Causes that can result in loss of containment. • Potential consequences of loss of containment. • Potential safeguards that may:

• Prevent loss of containment.

• Mitigate or reduce the consequences.

What is Risk? Risk is a measure of the consequence of a hazard and the frequency with which it

is likely to occur. In mathematical terms, Risk can be defined as the product of

Consequence and Frequency:

RISK = CONSEQUENCE X FREQUENCY

Managing Risk The first step in managing risk is to identify the hazards of the process. Your PHA team must evaluate hazards that can potentially impact people, the environment, our business and the corporate reputation.

The second step is to assess the risks. The frequency and consequences of each hazard are determined to determine the risk. If the hazard does not pose a serious risk, it is reviewed from an economic standpoint for cost effectiveness and for implementation. For non-serious risks, the concept of ALARP is applied. For more information, see As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) on page 16. The third step is to manage the risks. This can only be done once the hazards have been identified, and the risks assessed. Depending on the level of risk, the decision to accept the risk or take remedial action(s) is made.

As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP)

Not all risks can be eliminated. ALARP is balancing risk reduction against the time, difficulty, and cost of achieving it. ALARP is based on the principle of

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reducing risk to a level such that any further risk reduction would cost more than the benefits incurred.

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Choosing a PHA Methodology

Each PHA methodology is best suited for different circumstances, but all have a similar format. In general, a PHA identifies four key elements:

• The source of the hazard – also referred to as the cause, the “what if” item, the hazard or the failure mode, depending on the type of PHA study.

• The consequence, impact or effect – results from exposure to the hazard. • Safeguards, controls or mitigative features – intended to prevent the hazard

from occurring or reduce the consequences that result.

• Recommendations – actions that can be taken if the safeguards, controls or mitigative features are considered inadequate, or if none are in place. When choosing a methodology, consider the following:

• Extent of the risk – is it high, medium or low?

• Familiarity – how familiar are you and your team with the plant or process being studied?

• Stage of the facility life – is the facility you are studying in the planning stages, already in existence or is it being modified?

• Stage of the process – at which point of the operation or design cycle is the PHA being applied?

• Equipment – is the analysis limited to certain items of equipment? • Type of process – is the process batch or continuous?

• Internal and external regulatory requirements - do these require a specific methodology?

Since these considerations can vary greatly from one situation to the next, identifying which methodology is right for your particular needs is beyond the scope of this manual. Instead, general guidelines are presented. Choosing a suitable approach is always the responsibility of you and your colleagues because no one else is more familiar with your situation. When in doubt, choose a rigorous methodology to reduce the chances of incomplete assessment.

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Methodologies Supported by PHA-Pro

PHA-Pro supports the following PHA methodologies: • Guide Word HAZOP.

• Knowledge Based HAZOP. • What If.

• Checklist.

• What If/Checklist.

• Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA). • Preliminary Hazards Analysis (PrHA).

• Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP). PHA-Pro also supports:

• Safety Integrity Level (SIL) assessment methodology. • Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) methodology.

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HAZOP Methodology

HAZards and OPerability analysis (HAZOP) simulates abnormal behavior by

considering deviations and disturbances due to causes likely to impact immediate and surrounding plant resulting in consequences. The study team then decides whether the design has adequate features that can prevent occurrence or limit the consequential effects. If no such safeguards exist, then the team considers what actions are needed to remedy the situation.

Guide Word HAZOP is one of the most rigorous PHA methodologies, and many experts believe this approach gives the most complete analysis. Knowledge Based HAZOP can also be a valuable technique, provided that the engineering, plant and facility design standards and procedures are extensive and that the study team is highly experienced.

This section discusses the following topics: Guide Word HAZOP on page 20.

The Cause-by-Cause Methodology on page 22. The Deviation-by-Deviation Methodology on page 22. Methodology for Guide Word HAZOP on page 23. Assigning Nodes on page 23.

Examining Causes of Deviations on page 23.

Identifying Consequences, Safeguards and Recommendations on page 23. Team Requirements on page 24.

Data Requirements on page 24. Time Requirements on page 24.

Advantages of Guide Word HAZOP on page 24. Limitations of Guide Word HAZOP on page 25. Knowledge Based HAZOP on page 25.

Time Requirements of Knowledge Based HAZOP on page 25. Advantages of Knowledge Based HAZOP on page 26.

Limitations of Knowledge Based HAZOP on page 26.

Guide Word HAZOP Guide Word HAZOP is a qualitative PHA method that identifies potential hazards and operating problems. This technique applies guide words to process

parameters to create deviations from the design intention. Guide Word + Parameter = Deviation

Example:

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The deviations apply to specific items, known as nodes. Risk analysts use Guide Word HAZOP to identify process and/or operational hazards as well as

unacceptable risk situations.

The following table presents some examples of guide words and parameters.

In this table, guide words are defined and then matched with parameters to create sample deviations:

The main focuses of Guide Word HAZOP are P&IDs and PFDs. Equipment specification, shut down logic, etc., and other process documentation are used as supporting documents. The analysis requires a multi-disciplinary team with members experienced in HAZOP, plant design, operation and maintenance. Study

Note: Not all guide words can be applied to all parameters. For example, it is invalid to combine the guide word “Reverse” with the parameter “Temperature” because “Reverse Temperature” does not exist.

Guide Words Parameters

No (or None) Flow

More (or Higher) Pressure

Less (or Low) Temperature

Reverse Level

Other than Concentration

Sooner / Later Viscosity

pH

Guide Word Meaning Example Deviation

No, None Negation of design intent No flow

More, High Quantitative increase _{(above design intent)} More flow Less, Low Quantitative decrease _{(below design intent)} Less flow

Part of Qualitative decrease _{(below design intent)} Part of stream _{composition is missing}

As well as Qualitative increase _{(above design intent)}

More components present than there should be (more impurities, contaminants) Reverse Logical opposite of _{design intent} Reverse flow Other than Alternative mode (what _{else can happen)} Startup, shutdown, _{power failure}

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sessions must be dedicated to risk, not side issues, and must include a systematic review of all equipment items.

This methodology is applicable to continuous processes, batch processes and written procedures, such as operating instructions. The technique can be used for new designs at later stages, existing processes, revamp cases and plant

modifications. Some of the newer applications of Guide Word HAZOP include computer-controlled systems critiques.

Becoming familiar with Guide Word HAZOP is highly recommended before you begin using other PHA techniques. Once you learn how to use the Guide Word HAZOP methodology, the other techniques are relatively simple to follow. The Cause-by-Cause

Methodology

The Cause-by-Cause (CBC) methodology links each cause to consequences, safeguards and recommendations. CBC is an accurate HAZOP methodology because it is fully auditable.

In the following example, there are three causes, two consequences, three safeguards and two recommendations:

The Deviation-by-Deviation Methodology

The Deviation-by-Deviation (DBD) methodology records causes, consequences, safeguards and recommendations but does not show linking. This example is for the same situation as in the previous example:

Related

Consequences Related Safeguards Related Recommendations

Cause 1 Consequence #1_{Consequence #2}

Safeguard #1 Safeguard #2 Safeguard #3

None required Cause 2 Consequence #1 Safeguard #1 Recommendation #1 Cause 3 Consequence #2 No safeguard Recommendation #2

Consequences Safeguards Recommendations

Cause 1 Consequence #1 Safeguard #1 Recommendation #1

Cause 2 Consequence #2 Safeguard # 2

Cause 3 Safeguard #3 Recommendation#2

Tip: You should use the CBC methodology wherever possible, because regulatory

agencies emphasize the need for auditable documentation. The DBD approach may not satisfy such requirements.

Note: Other Guide Word HAZOP methodologies include the Exception Only method and the Recommendation (or Action) Only method. These techniques are not recommended due to their lack of thoroughness.

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Methodology for Guide Word HAZOP

Guide Word HAZOP methodology consists of seven key steps:

Assigning Nodes You should assign nodes on a functional basis to reflect a specific function. Most nodes are of the “Line” type, but other categories include Vessels, Compressors, Tanks, and Reactors. Typical examples of nodes include the following:

• Transference or heating of a material.

• Increasing the potential energy by mechanical means, such as a pump. • Separation of phases.

You may find it beneficial to join several types of nodes to form a single

compound node, such as Line + Pump + Heat Exchanger. Doing so may help you to avoid repetition and to maintain continuity and focus.

Examining Causes of Deviations

For each deviation, list all possible causes for the deviation from the design intention. Examples of this procedure might include the following:

Identifying Consequences, Safeguards and

Recommendations

For each cause, identify the potential consequences. If you want, you can use the following criteria to help rank each consequence:

Step Action

1. Assemble up-to-date P&IDs, PFDs, material⁄energy balances, plot plans, equipment specifications and so on.

2. Divide P&IDs systematically into nodes by line, vessel, pump, heat exchanger number and so forth.

Note: Nodes can consist of multiple items, such as Pump + Line + Heat Exchanger.

3. Prepare HAZOP Outline that lists each node with respective deviations by using guide words applied to parameters. 4. Record administrative information, such as company name,

location, unit, team members and so on.

5. Assemble HAZOP team and explain process flow sheet, P&ID and so forth, as required.

6. For each node, examine each deviation for: • Possible causes.

• Potential consequences. • Effective safeguards.

• Recommendation items, if existing safeguards are not adequate. • Remarks, if required.

7. Assign responsibilities for recommendations.

Deviation Possible Cause

Low/No Flow A level control valve failing in the closed _position High Temperature Uncontrolled runaway exothermic reaction in _{a reactor}

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• Fire. • Explosion. • Toxicity.

• Environmental Release. • Personnel Safety Loss. • Production Loss. • Capital Loss.

For each cause, identify the existing safeguards to prevent the cause from occurring and/or mitigate the associated consequences.

If the existing safeguards are not adequate to reduce risk to an acceptable level, you need to make recommendations.

Team Requirements A study team conducting a Guide Word HAZOP should ideally include the following individuals:

• Facilitator who is familiar with the Guide Word HAZOP methodology. • Person who is entirely familiar with the process.

• Operations Supervisor. • Maintenance Supervisor.

• Other specialists in areas such as instrumentation, controls, electronics, mechanical operations, and so forth.

• Scribe (optional).

Data Requirements A typical Guide Word HAZOP requires the following sources of information: • Up-to-date drawings, P&IDs, PFDs or equivalent.

• Supporting documentation, such as: • Equipment specifications. • Process description. • Flow diagram.

• Material/energy balance. • Plot plan.

• Line designation table.

Time Requirements Depending on the size and complexity of a system, a Guide Word HAZOP usually takes the following amount of time:

Advantages of Guide Word HAZOP

Guide Word HAZOP has the following advantages: • Thorough and effective.

• Structured.

Preparation Team Sessions

Simple or small

system About one day Several days to one week

Large or complex

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Limitations of Guide Word HAZOP

Guide Word HAZOP has the following disadvantages: • Time consuming.

• Can only be used for short study sessions, otherwise team members experience fatigue.

Knowledge Based HAZOP Knowledge Based HAZOP is a variation of Guide Word HAZOP and is based on the assumption that previous lessons learned, documented and applied can serve as a basis for evaluating and upgrading a facility, system, unit or process. Guide words are replaced for the most part by the knowledge and expertise of the team members and by detailed library checklists. This methodology compares the design to well-established designs and similar design practices that have proven integrity and performance and that are well documented from previous

experience. As a result, this approach may be inadequate for new processes with unproven track records.

When using Knowledge Based HAZOP, an organization should have the following:

• A well-proven track record. • Experience with similar designs.

• Extensive design standards and procedures.

The following are the same as for Guide Word HAZOP: • Team requirements. • Data requirements. • Assigning nodes. • Assigning consequences. • Assigning safeguards. • Proposing recommendations. • You can use risk matrices.

Time Requirements of Knowledge Based HAZOP

Depending on the size and complexity of a system, a Knowledge Based HAZOP usually takes the following amount of time:

Tip: Use the Knowledge Based Library Checklists that come with PHA-Pro. You can

easily modify these libraries to suit your needs. For more information, see

Chapter 6: Working with Libraries, Copy From and AutoType on page 137.

Tip: Although the use of guide words and parameters to form deviations is not an

integral part of Knowledge Based HAZOP, you can apply these items as a last step in the analytical procedure. In doing so, treat the unit in question as a single node.

Simple or small

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Advantages of Knowledge Based HAZOP

Knowledge Based HAZOP has the following advantages: • Very effective with an experienced team.

• Time effective. Limitations of Knowledge

Based HAZOP

Knowledge Based HAZOP has the following disadvantages: • May not be good with non-proven processes.

• Team dependent.

• Assumes good basic standards exist. Large or complex

system One or two days At least two weeks

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What If Methodology

What If analysis is a creative, brainstorming methodology for examining a

process, operation or facility. This qualitative technique identifies design faults, potential hazards and operating problems – depending on the team’s experience – by asking “What if …” questions for hazards. An example of such a question might be, “What if the feed material is directed to the wrong storage tank?” The team assesses the consequences of this event and, depending on what safeguards are present, decides upon recommendations for preventing such an occurrence. This section discusses the following topics:

When and How to Use What If on page 27. Steps in the What If Procedure on page 27. Time Requirements on page 28.

Advantages of What If Analysis on page 28. Limitations of What If Analysis on page 28.

When and How to Use What If You can use What If analysis for either new or existing facilities. The technique is easy to learn and use and can be a powerful tool, but to get the most out of this methodology your team needs an experienced leader and adequate preparation. What If analysis is best used in conjunction with the Checklist method, otherwise the team’s imagination may prove inadequate during study sessions.

The following are the same as for Guide Word HAZOP: • Team requirements. • Data requirements. • Assigning nodes. • Assigning consequences. • Assigning safeguards. • Proposing recommendations. • Using risk matrices.

Steps in the What If Procedure

What If analysis consists of the following steps: Step Action

1. Divide the facility or unit into systems and subsystems that perform common functions, much like the approach taken for Guide Word HAZOP.

2. Postulate problems and failures by asking questions, such as “What if …?” or “Is it possible for … to occur?” or “Has … been considered?”

3. For each question asked in step 2, record the consequences. 4. For each question asked in step 2, record any safeguards present

that may prevent the occurrence of the hazard or mitigate the consequences.

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Time Requirements Depending on the size and complexity of a system, a What If study usually takes the following amount of time:

Advantages of What If Analysis

What If analysis has following advantages: • Easy to learn and use.

• Powerful in the hands of experienced personnel and when used in combination with the Checklist method.

Limitations of What If Analysis

What If analysis has following disadvantages: • Much less structured than other methods.

• Can give poor results unless personnel are experienced and well prepared. 5. For each question asked in step 2, propose any recommendations

required to prevent the occurrence of the hazard or mitigate the consequences.

Step Action

Simple or small

system About one-half to one day One to three days Large or complex

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Checklist Methodology

Checklist analysis uses lists of guidelines or procedures to verify the potential risk

of the process, operation or facility. Your checklists can be as extensive and detailed as necessary. You can use this PHA technique when designing a new facility or when examining an existing facility.

When and How to Use Checklist Methodology on page 29. Steps in the Checklist Procedure on page 29.

Time Requirements on page 30.

Advantages of Checklist Analysis on page 30. Limitations of Checklist Analysis on page 30. When and How to Use

Checklist Methodology

Using Checklist analysis is beneficial when there is a lack of experienced

personnel or when an individual must complete the analysis because a study team is not available. Your study team can be as small as one or two persons, since this technique uses only a checking function. If desired, however, the group can be as large as for a HAZOP.

The following are the same as for Guide Word HAZOP: • Data requirements.

• Assigning nodes.

• Assigning consequences. • Assigning safeguards. • Proposing recommendations.

For information on creating a checklist, see Appendix B: Checklist Preparation on page 380.

Steps in the Checklist Procedure

Checklist analysis requires the following three steps: Step Action

1. Obtain all checklists that are of value to the study.

If no checklists are available, you must create one by first consulting all available sources of information, such as material safety data sheets and research literature.

2. Designate checklist items that are not applicable as “N/A”.

3. For checklist items that are applicable, record consequences, current safeguards and any recommendations.

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Time Requirements Depending on the size and complexity of a system, Checklist analysis usually takes the following amount of time:

Advantages of Checklist Analysis

Checklist analysis has the following advantages:

• Valuable method when less-experienced personnel are involved; • Provides thorough analysis when used in conjunction with the What If

methodology. Limitations of Checklist

Analysis

Checklist analysis has following disadvantages:

• Requires up-front preparation time to gather information if adequate checklists are not available;

• Not thorough enough in many cases since it follows a analytical, non-interactive methodology.

Simple or small system

Depends on whether adequate checklists are

available One to two days

Large or complex system

Depends on whether adequate checklists are

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What If/Checklist Methodology

What If analysis, by itself, is not sufficiently structured to ensure that all

possibilities are considered. Likewise, using the Checklist method alone may not identify all possible hazards. What If/Checklist analysis, however, is a powerful combination of the two methods. It provides a thorough analysis when the study team is experienced and the checklist being used is complete.

This section discusses the following topics: How to Use What If/Checklist on page 31. Time Requirements on page 31.

Advantages of What If/Checklist Analysis on page 31. Limitations of What If/Checklist Analysis on page 31. How to Use What If/Checklist The following are the same as for Guide Word HAZOP:

• Team requirements. • Data requirements.

• Assigning nodes, which are subsystems in What If. • Assigning consequences.

• Assigning safeguards. • Proposing recommendations.

For information on creating a checklist, see Appendix B: Checklist Preparation on page 380.

Time Requirements Depending on the size and complexity of a system, What If/Checklist analysis usually takes the following amount of time:

Preparation time depends on the availability of checklists and any time needed to prepare checklists.

Advantages of What If/ Checklist Analysis

What If/Checklist analysis has following advantages: • Interesting for participants.

• Usually very productive with an experienced team. • Versatile – no limiting formats or constraints. Limitations of What If/

Checklist Analysis

What If/Checklist analysis has following advantages: • May not cover all cases.

• Very dependent on experience of team members.

Simple or small

system One to two days or more One to three days Large or complex

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• Dependent on obtaining, creating and using good checklists. • Unstructured format may reduce credibility with external auditors.

PHA Pro User Guide 8.3.4

User Guide

IHS PHA-Pro

®

8.3.4

Table of Contents

P

REFACE

IHS End-User License Agreement for Desktop Pro

Software Products

C

HAPTER

1: I

NSTALLING

PHA-P

RO

Minimum System Requirements

Installing PHA-Pro

Changing File Locations

Starting the Software

Authorizing Your License

Updating PHA-Pro

Re-Installing the My Documents Shortcuts

Uninstalling PHA-Pro

C

HAPTER

2: M

ETHODOLOGIES AND

A

DVANCED

TECHNIQUES

Risk Concepts

Choosing a PHA Methodology

Methodologies Supported by PHA-Pro

HAZOP Methodology

What If Methodology

Checklist Methodology

What If/Checklist Methodology