1
EnvironmEntal rEport
1. Summary 3
2. Society and the environment 3
2.1 Main goal 3
2.2 Sub goals 3
3. Environmental aspects 4
3.1 Organization 4
3.2 Environmental inspections and audits 4
4. Discharge permits 5
5. Emissions to water and soil 6
5.1 Aircraft deicing 6 5.2 Runway deicing 6 5.3 Fire drills 7 5.4 Contaminated soil 7 6. Aircraft noise 8 7. Waste 8 8. Energy 9
9. Other environmental aspects and projects 10
9.1 Emissions to air 10
9.2 Consumption of products and materials 10
9.3 Effect on landscape and the natural environment 10
9.4 Cultural monuments and cultural environments 10
9.5 Land protection plan 11
9.6 National transport plan 11
9.7 Wastewater management 11
9.8 Other 11
10. Key figures 12
11. Summary for OSL 13
3
This report provides an overview of Avinor’s work on environmental issues during 2007. The subsidiary Oslo Lufthavn AS (OSL) issues a separate environmental report (www.osl.no), for which the summary is given at the end of this report.
The Norwegian aviation industry has set itself a target of no growth •
in greenhouse gas emissions in the period leading to 2020, even with significant growth in traffic. Avinor launched the report “Aviation in Norway – Sustainability and social benefit” in conjunction with The Federation of Norwegian Aviation Industries, SAS Norge, Norwegian Air Shuttle and Widerøes Flyveselskap in January 2008. The report outlines more than fifty concrete climate measures aimed at prevent-ing a potential increase in CO2 emissions of over 1 million tons. In so
doing, the industry exceeds the government’s goal for the transport sector in the Climate Policy.
Avinor was issued two new discharge permits, for Lakselv and Røros •
airports. A number of discharge permit applications are still being processed by County Governors’ Department of Environmental Affairs. Environmental issues were addressed in ten internal audits and two •
audits of con tracted parties.
Consumption of chemicals exceeded the permitted amounts at the •
following airports (deicing relates to the 2006–2007 season, whereas fire drills relate to 2007):
Runway deicing: Tromsø airport
Aircraft deicing: Tromsø and Trondheim airports
Fire drill field: None, though Ålesund airport exceeded the permitted maximum concentration of oil in discharged water.
Consumption of deicing chemicals varies with weather conditions and •
air traffic. For the 2006–2007 season, total consumption of aircraft deicing chemicals amounted to 900,035 liters of glycol, with the five largest airports accounting for 71%. Consumption of runway deicing chemicals amounted to 1,200 tons (converted from kilograms of solid materials or liters of liquids), mainly formate-based chemicals. Urea consumption amounted to 7%, of which among 13 airports, Ålesund and Molde represented about two thirds. Stocks of urea at the end of the year totaled 37 tons.
Some existing fire drill fields are being upgraded, while others are •
being re-built. New fields will be operated with pressurized fuel, which reduces consumption.
Fifteen new aircraft noise zone maps were published in 2007. •
In 2007 Avinor’s total consumption of electrical power was •
107.35 GWh. A number of energy conservation measures were taken, though recent years have shown a trend of increasing consumption. A comprehensive energy efficiency project has been launched, with a target of reducing Avinor’s energy consumption by 20% over a five-year period.
In 2007 Avinor source separated approximately 36% of waste that •
was registered by weight, and 16% of waste that was registered by volume (totaling 2,621 tons and 977 m3). In recent years Avinor has
registered a drop in source separation performance. A project has been launched to identify potential improvements, and is intended to introduce a framework agreement for Avinor’s waste management and disposal by the end of 2008.
1.
SUMMARy
This is one of Avinor’s five strategic target areas. Within each target area goals are set that must cover owners’ expectations and require-ments, as well as ensure an active development of the company. Avinor’s role in the society involves contributing to sustainable development, including actively contributing to improving the aviation industry’s environmental performance. Avinor will be implementing measures in its own operations as well as be an active driving force and collaborator in ensuring that the industry collectively achieves the best possible results. The following environmental objectives apply for 2007–2011:
2.1
Main goal
Developing our role in society and actively contributing to improving the aviation industry’s environmental performance.
2.2
Objectives
Being an active driving force within the aviation industry in develop-•
ing effective environmental measures.
Working actively to ensure that airport operations do not affect •
global warming.
Implementing “best practice” in environmental reporting. •
2.
SOCIETy AND
THE ENVIRONMENT
4
Avinor’s policy is to continuously improve its environmental perfor-mance, and to integrate environmental considerations into strategic evaluations and operational decisions.
Avinor’s management system incorporates environmental consider-ations in compliance with the principles of ISO 14001. This entails systematic and continuous improvement following the methodology known as Plan-Do-Check-Act. Avinor has identified the environmental aspects of its operations, and included these in environmental action plans at each airport:
Emissions to water • and soil Aircraft noise • Waste management • Energy consumption • Emissions to air •
Consumption of products and •
materials
Impact on landscape and the •
natural environment
Impact on cultural monuments •
and cultural environments Above, the most significant environmental aspects are in bold type. Avinor’s environmental aspects are reviewed every four years as part of the Strategic Plan.
3.1
Organization
Avinor’s work on environmental issues is coordinated by the Envi-ronmental Department of its subsidiary, OSL, and the three airport divisions. The local airport managers are responsible for each individual airport’s impact on the environment.
OSL is one of several subsidiaries wholly owned by Avinor. OSL has an independent responsibility for quality and environmental management at Oslo Airport Gardermoen and publishes its own environmental report at www.osl.no.
3.2
Environmental audits
and inspections
Avinor’s annual internal audit plan includes environmental audits. Non-compliances related to environmental issues are handled according to our management systems, and non-compliances related to discharge permits are reported to the authorities. Environmental issues are incor-porated into the annual management review.
In 2007, the following airports confirmed violations of their discharge permits in the form of excessive chemical consumption (per month, deicing season or calendar year), or excessive concentrations of oil in discharged water from the fire drill field:
Runway deicing:
• Tromsø airport
Aircraft deicing:
• Tromsø and Trondheim airports Fire drill field:
• Ålesund airport (oil in wastewater)
In 2007, environmental issues were addressed in ten internal audits and two audits of contracted parties. This involved the following airports: Bergen, Trondheim, Haugesund, Lakselv, Svalbard, Brønnøy-sund, Leknes, Namsos, Sogndal, Stokmarknes and Vadsø.
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Discharge relating to aircraft, runway and fire drill activities at airports is subject to licensing requirements under the Pollution Control Act. Avinor had a goal of obtaining discharge permits for aircraft and runway deicing in 2003. A total of 33 discharge applications were sent to the County Governors’ Department of Environmental Affairs in 2003 and 2004. Processing these applications has, however, taken longer than anticipated and many airports are still awaiting consideration. Some airports have since applied for changes to permits. Lakselv and Røros airports were issued discharge permits in 2007.
The following bullet points give a brief overview of activities related to discharge permits in 2007:
Bergen airport received a draft for a new, recipient-based permit •
from the County Governor. The draft contained several new require-ments for the airport. The final permit is expected in 2008. Trondheim airport continued the environmental monitoring program •
from the previous season. Samples from a riverbed to the north confirmed the presence of small quantities of deicing chemicals. Harstad airport carried out an environmental monitoring program in •
accordance with the discharge permit. No negative changes were found that could be attributed to airport emissions.
Kirkenes airport carried out a recipient monitoring program under •
the direction of Bioforsk, the Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research. No pollution was detected, though sampling will be continued at two sources in 2008. The airport also applied for a transfer of the existing fire drill field permit to the new field that will be operational in 2008.
Kristiansund airport commenced installation of sampling tanks for •
surveying deicing chemical run-off to the east of the runway toward a protected area.
Lakselv airport applied for permission to increase the maximum •
permitted concentration of oil in discharged water from 20 to 50 mg/l. A decision is expected in early 2008.
Molde airport installed new oil separators at the fire drill field and •
operations buildings. Effluent samples indicate good results. Brønnøysund airport initiated dialogue with the County Governor •
regarding sampling routines.
Ørsta–Volda airport developed a project for mapping recipient im-•
pact to local water flow into the sea, in accordance with a meeting with the County Governor.
A number of airports carry out regular or continuous water and soil monitoring in accordance to their discharge permits.
4.
DISCHARGE PERMITS
Airport Air-craft deicing Run-way deicing Firedrill Status as of January 1, 2008
Bergen ✓• • ✓• Combined permit
being processed Bodø ✓ – – Responsibility of the Norwegian Armed Forces Stavanger ✓ ✓ ✓ Trondheim ✓ ✓ ✓ Tromsø ✓ ✓ ✓ Alta ✓ ✓ ✓ Bardufoss – – – Responsibility of the Norwegian Armed Forces Harstad ✓ ✓ • Haugesund • • –
Kirkenes ✓ ✓ • New fire drill field
Kristiansand ✓ ✓ ✓
Kristiansund • • ✓
Lakselv ✓ ✓ ✓ Permit dated
12.03.07
Molde • • • New fire drill field
Svalbard ✓ ✓ – Ålesund • • ✓ Andøya – – – Responsibility of the Norwegian Armed Forces Berlevåg u u – Brønnøysund ✓ ✓ u Båtsfjord u u – Fagernes ✓ – – Florø • • ✓ Førde • • – Hammerfest u u ✓ Hasvik u u – Honningsvåg u u – Leknes ✓ ✓ ✓ Mehamn u u – Mo i Rana ✓ ✓ – Mosjøen ✓ ✓ – Namsos ✓ ✓ – Narvik ✓ ✓ –
Røros ✓ ✓ – Permit dated
04.06.07 Rørvik ✓ ✓ – Røst ✓ ✓ – Sandane • • – Sandnessjøen ✓ ✓ – Sogndal u u u Stokmarknes ✓ ✓ – Svolvær ✓ ✓ – Sørkjosen ✓ ✓ – Vadsø u u – Vardø u u – Ørsta-Volda • • –
✓ Valid discharge permit
• Discharge permit application being processed – Discharge permit not required
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5.1
Aircraft deicing
Reducing the environmental impact of our airports includes collection and controlled treatment of aircraft deicing fluids and contaminated snow. As such, it is important to document that discharges of collected aircraft deicing fluids are within the load and treatment requirements of the municipal discharge systems where relevant.
The following bullet points give a brief overview of activities related to aircraft deicing in 2007:
Bergen airport moved dilution tanks connected to the glycol facility •
due to construction work.
Bodø airport identified a need to upgrade the discharge systems con-•
nected to the aircraft deicing facility.
Tromsø airport completed construction of the northern deicing •
platform.
Kirkenes airport completed the first year of operation of their new •
deicing platform.
The deicing operator at Svalbard airport initiated more frequent use •
of frost prevention, resulting in reduced chemical consumption. Brønnøysund airport started construction of new apron and deicing •
facilities.
Avinor adopted new software (SIA) for compiling chemical consump-•
tion reports.
A number of airports sample discharged water to the municipal sewage systems.
The following graph shows the seasonal consumption of glycol at Avinor airports. Consumption over the previous season amounted to 900,035 liters of 100% glycol. The five largest airports (Stavanger, Bergen, Trondheim, Bodø and Tromsø) accounted for 71% of consumption whereas the 29 regional airports accounted for 4%. Consumption levels generally vary according to weather and temperature conditions as well as traffic volumes. In 2007, Tromsø and Trondheim airports exceeded the permitted monthly or annual consumption of aircraft deicing chemicals.
5.2
Runway deicing
Assessments of airport recipients show great variation in critical loads and available degrading capacity for deicing chemicals. Consumption of chemicals is reported monthly through a central database that monitors compliance with the various discharge permits.
The following bullet points give a brief overview of activities related to runway deicing in 2007:
Kristiansand airport is phasing out urea in favour of formate. •
Leknes airport re-asphalted and adjusted the runway camber, •
directing run-off largely to the east side to provide protection for Kretjønna.
Røros airport was issued a discharge permit that requires phasing •
out urea by May 1, 2009.
Avinor adopted new software (SIA) for compiling chemical con-•
sumption reports.
Total consumption of runway deicing chemicals over the 2006-07 season was 1,186 tons (converted from kilograms of solid materials and liters of liquids). Most of the chemicals were formate-based (92%), and a small proportion was acetate-based (1%). Urea consumption amounted to 7%, of which among 13 airports, Ålesund and Molde represented about two thirds. The remaining stock of urea at the end of the year totaled 37.2 tons. In 2007, Tromsø airport exceeded the permitted annual consumption of runway deicing chemicals.
5.
EMISSIONS TO WATER AND SOIL
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Formiat: S-solid Formiat: Safeway KF-HOT Formiat: Aviform L50 Formiat: Safeway SF Acetat: Clearway 6S Acetat: Clearway F1 Urea 97–98 98–99 99–00 00–01 01–02 02–03 03–04 04–05 05–06 06–07 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Formate: S-solid Formate: Safeway KF-HOT Formate: Aviform L50 Formate: Safeway SF Acetate: Clearway 6S Acetate: Clearway F1 Urea 97–98 98–99 99–00 00–01 01–02 02–03 03–04 04–05 05–06 06–07 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Formate: S-solid Formate: Safeway KF-HOT Formate: Aviform L50 Formate: Safeway SF Acetate: Clearway 6S Acetate: Clearway F1 Urea 97–98 98–99 99–00 00–01 01–02 02–03 03–04 04–05 05–06 06–07
CONSUMPTION OF RUNWAY DEICING CHEMICALS
(TONS)
0 200 000 400 000 600 000 800 000 1 000 000 1 200 000 95–96 96–97 97–98 98–99 99–00 00–01 01–02 02–03 03–04 04–05 05–06 06–07GLYCOL CONSUMPTION FOR AIRCRAFT DEICING
(LITERS)
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5.3
Fire drills
Avinor continues an ongoing project to review and build new fire drill fields. These fire drill fields will be operated with pressurized fuel, which helps keep fuel consumption to a minimum. Until new or up-graded fields are operational locally, hot spot fire drills are carried out at other airports.
The following bullet points give a brief overview of activities related to fire drill fields in 2007:
Bergen airport started a project for a new fire drill field. •
Stavanger airport changed sampling procedures, increasing the •
annual sampling frequency from 2 to 4.
Tromsø airport conducted a full assessment of its fire drill field, •
which was temporarily closed. An action plan was drawn up and the field will comply with existing requirements in 2008.
Trondheim airport obtained clarification for the use of its fire drill •
field from the County Governor, based on technical descriptions and operating routines.
Alta airport’s upgraded fire drill field became operational in August. •
Harstad airport terminated use of its old fire drill field. Demolition •
and environmental sanitation awaits further funding.
Haugesund airport awaits processing of the discharge application •
for its fire drill field. Meanwhile, use of the field has been clarified with the County Governor.
Kristiansand began construction of a new fire drill field. •
Kristiansund airport started using a new fire drill module during •
spring of 2007.
Lakselv airport started a project to extending the platform area •
around the simulator. The project will be completed in 2008. Molde airport completed renovation of its fire drill field. •
Ålesund airport has demonstrated non-compliance for maximum oil •
concentrations in discharged water. Measures will be implemented in 2008.
Leknes airport began construction of a new fire drill field, but work •
has been halted pending further funding.
A number of airports sample discharged water from the fire drill fields to monitor compliance with discharge permits.
None of the airports exceeded the permitted consumption of fire drill chemicals, but Ålesund airport demonstrated non-compliance regard-ing oil concentrations in discharged water from its fire drill field.
5.4
Ground contamination
Most registered ground contamination locations at Avinor’s airports are fire frill fields that are either discontinued or in non-compliance with current guidelines. Many of these contaminated areas contain hydro-carbons that have seeped into the ground. Preventive work has been carried out at several of the discontinued fire drill fields.
The following bullet points give a brief overview of activities related to ground contamination in 2007:
Bergen airport conducted further surveying of contaminated areas •
associated with fuelling operations at the technical department. Trondheim airport has surveyed its old fire drill fields for the pur-•
pose of environmental sanitation.
Harstad airport removed contaminated soil at the Norwegian Armed •
Forces’ tank facility.
At Kirkenes airport, Bioforsk (the Norwegian Institute of Agricultural •
and Environmental Research) concluded that the discharge permit requirements to fertilize runway shoulders and the discontinued deicing platform are no longer necessary. Soil conditions sur-rounding the old fire drill field require further investigation before discontinuation.
Berlevåg airport registered a bitumen spill during a construction •
project. The incident was reported to the County Governor, and the area has been sanitized.
Mosjøen airport contacted the County Governor concerning ground •
contamination at discontinued fire drill fields. Further follow-up will be carried out by the Safety Area and Lighting System (S&L) project.
Ørsta-Volda airport took soil samples as part of the S&L pro ject. No •
contaminants were indicated.
Further information on registered ground contamination locations can be found in the Norwegian Pollution Control Authority’s national database, www.sft.no.
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Aircraft noise has properties that make it unlike other traffic noise. The duration of a fly-over is long, and the noise level varies considerably from incident to incident. Air traffic does not follow fixed paths like cars or trains and our hearing is sensitive to the frequencies that dominate aircraft noise. Consequently, aircraft noise may be experienced as more disagreeable than noise from railways or road traffic at equivalent noise levels. 2006 calculations showed that aviation accounted for only 4% of identified noise exposure nationally.
Avinor is responsible for mapping noise at 39 airports, and published 15 new aircraft noise zone maps in 2007. An EU noise directive (2002/30/ EC) that came into effect in July, extended requirements for mapping noise for airports with more than 50,000 air transport movements per year. This applies Oslo, Stavanger, Bergen and Trondheim airports. In 2007 Avinor received a total of 194 aircraft noise complaints or inquiries, concerning Bergen, Stavanger, Tromsø, Molde and Røros airports.
6.
AIRCRAFT NOISE
In 2007 Avinor’s airports collected a total of 2,621 tons and 977 m3 of
waste. The waste contractors have different practices for document-ing collected waste; either by weight or by volume. All our airports are to some extent equipped to source separate waste, and Avinor often handles waste for other companies. Building and construction waste is, however, the responsibility of subcontractors and is not covered by this report. Waste management and logistics in terminal buildings is an increasing challenge at some airports.
Total separation rate (percentage of source separated waste) for Avinor in 2007 was 36% for waste registered by weight and 16% for waste registered by volume. There is considerable uncertainty associated with these figures. Waste registered by volume is sometimes calcu-lated from collection frequency and container size, which does not mirror actual waste amounts.
The pie chart shows the main types of waste handled by Avinor in 2007.
In 2008 Avinor will draw up a nationwide contract for waste manage-ment, with the goal of improving source separation rates and harmo-nizing documentation and reporting at all its airports.
7.
WASTE
Other Hazardous waste
Metal
Cardboard/paper Mixed waste
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7.
WASTE
Avinor’s total consumption of electricity was 107.35 GWh in 2007. A comprehensive energy project has been launched, with a target of reducing Avinor’s energy consumption by 20% over a five-year period. The following bullet points give a brief overview of activities related to energy conservation in 2007:
Kirkenes airport installed new flooring in the operations building, •
entrance doors with improved floor seals, timer-controlled lighting, night temperature reduction in the new terminal, as well as a new door and facing on the tower walls.
Molde airport installed a central operations monitoring system in its •
new operations building, and signed a district heating agreement with a bioenergy supplier.
In December 2007 Svalbard airport connected to a district heating •
facility, thus abandoning oil heating.
Bardufoss airport remains connected to the district heating system •
provided by the Norwegian Armed Forces.
Berlevåg airport installed photovoltaic cells on outside floodlights. •
Båtsfjord airport reorganized the water supply to the airport to elimi-•
nate the need for heater cables, and prepared an investment project for a switch to heat pumps for cooling the control tower cabin. Leknes airport installed timer-controlled heating.
•
Sandane installed a heat pump in one office. •
Sandnessjøen airport applies a number of heat pumps, and had a •
drive to focus on keeping gates closed.
Sogndal airport installed heat pumps in the car-parking area and •
photovoltaic cells on some outdoor lights.
Svolvær airport installed heat pumps in the departures hall and in •
Widerøe’s office.
Vadsø airport improved the insulation and facing of the adminis-•
tration building. A stronger focus on power consumption for heating led to increased employee awareness of energy conservation.
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9.1
Emissions to air
The Norwegian aviation industry has launched a major initiative to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from aviation. The goal is no growth in emissions up to 2020, even with considerable traffic growth. Due to lower traffic growth in the domestic as opposed to the international market, the goal is a 10–20 per cent reduction in domestic emissions. The measures will neutralize a potential growth of more than 1 million tons of CO2 emissions. This exceeds the goal for the transport sector
laid down in the Government’s Climate Report.
These are the main conclusions in the report “Aviation in Norway – Sustainability and Social Benefit” presented by Avinor, SAS Norge, Widerøe, Norwegian and Federation of Norwegian Aviation Industries. Background material to the report was contributed by The Institute of Transport Economics (TØI), Cicero – Centre for International Climate and Environmental Research and Asplan/VIAK.
The project focused the measures within fields for which the industry itself is responsible and can influence, though an adjacent field such as ground transport access to airports was also considered:
Aircraft engineering and aircraft operations •
Airport operations •
Ground transport access •
Avinor expects extensive implementation and follow-up activities related to airport operations in the upcoming years.
9.2
Consumption of products and
materials
Avinor continued a comprehensive chemicals survey at all facilities, along with maintenance of Health and Safety Data Sheets (HSDS). The total number of chemicals used by Avinor has been significantly re-duced as a result of this work, and by the end of the year about 2,200 out of 2,970 registered chemical products had been documented with a quality assured HSDS.
In 2007 an extensive liaison group was set up with the task of enhanc-ing Avinor’s overall management and use of chemicals. This work will include attending to the connection between environmental concerns and the working environment.
9.3
Impact on landscape and the
natural environment
Bergen airport filled in land areas at two lakes, Lønning tjern and •
Skjenavatn, significantly changing both areas.
Alta airport began a four-year construction project comprising a •
new terminal building, runway expansion and threshold alterations. Kirkenes airport partially filled in and leveled a gravel pit north of •
the runway. The western safety area was extended and leveled. Molde airport established new safety areas. Areas will be further •
filled in due to runway extension in the west.
Berlevåg airport established emergency roads at the far ends of the •
runway.
Båtsfjord airport purchased a tracked vehicle to compensate for too •
short emergency roads. This eliminated the need to acquire more land for road extensions.
Mosjøen airport initiated significant terrain changes in connection •
with safety area extensions. This involved blasting, mass haulage, piping local streams and installing fences. The project will continue into 2008.
Sandnessjøen airport significantly altered the terrain at the airport •
in connection with safety area upgrades.
Stokmarknes airport extended rock fills into the sea as part of a •
safety area extension.
Sørkjosen felled some trees and replaced moor areas with masses •
with a greater load bearing capacity for the S&L project. Vadsø airport established new emergency roads, extended the •
safety areas, filled in and leveled some areas, and removed surplus masses. An agricultural track to the north was moved about 40 meters.
Tromsø, Florø, Førde, Leknes, Mo i Rana, Narvik and Vadsø airports •
carried out tree felling.
9.4
Impact on cultural monuments
and cultural environments
Kirkenes airport removed concrete hangars from the safety area •
with the permission of the County Governor’s cultural monuments department.
Berlevåg airport reported an incident with damage to a cultural •
monument during a construction project. The area will be cleared and re-planted in 2008.
Sandane and Sandnessjøen airports had a number of cultural •
monuments excavated in conjunction with the S&L project. Vadsø airport reported damage to cultural monuments during a con-•
struction project, caused by excavator driving over a protected area. The county authority is was alerted and is processing the report.
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9.5
Cultural heritage management
plan
Proposition No. 1 (2001-02) to the Storting (the Norwegian Parliament) gave notification of a review of state properties as a basis for formulat-ing a policy on state ownership and management of important cultural heritage properties in the civil sector. In 2005 the Ministry of Transport and Communications requested Avinor (as a limited company wholly owned by the government) to cooperate with the National Cultural Heritage Properties project.
Avinor decided to establish a Cultural Heritage Management Plan, i.e. an overview of buildings that represent cultural monuments and cul-tural environments in the airport service provider sector. The main goal is to ensure conservation of a representative sample of such buildings that documents the sector’s history with respect to technical solutions, function, architecture and more.
The Management Plan will consist of a historical description of the sec-tor as well as a catalogue of buildings selected for conservation. The historical description is drafted by the Norwegian Aviation Museum. Avinor has surveyed all its airports for this project, and collaborated with the Directorate for Cultural Heritage on the selection of buildings to be assessed for conservation. Preliminary selections are found at Bodø, Stavanger, Kristiansand, Båts fjord, Fagernes, Røros and Oslo airports. A documentation project has also been proposed for a number of other airports. This involves descriptions of buildings and installa-tions as well as operainstalla-tions related to running an airport. This selec-tion was based on geography, time of construcselec-tion and funcselec-tion. The documentation project will be an extension of the Management Plan and is proposed to be implemented by Avinor Museum together with the Norwegian Aviation Museum. The management plan is scheduled for completion by 2009.
9.6
National transport plan
In 2007, Avinor continued an ongoing effort of preparing proposals for a National Transport Plan (NTP) for 2010–2019 together with the Nor-wegian National Rail Administration, NorNor-wegian National Coastal Ad-ministration and Norwegian Public Roads AdAd-ministration. The proposal will provide a basis for the Government’s work on the Storting Report on the 2010–2019 National Transport Plan, which is to be presented by the end of 2008 (see www.ntp.dep.no).
The Ministry of Transport and Communications has defined a number of goals in the area of environmental protection. A preliminary report describes the expected status within several environmental fields in 2010, and the measures and means that are necessary for reaching these goals. In 2007, Avinor participated in a project group that further investigated biological diversity and arable land protection.
9.7
Wastewater management
An internal audit at Bodø airport revealed a need to upgrade the •
discharge water systems connected to the deicing platform. An upgrade project is scheduled to start in 2008.
Stavanger airport conducted four extensive surveys of cadmium dis-•
charges at the airport. Each responsible company is now monitored by Sola municipality. An investigation was also launched regarding an oil film in discharge to the west of the airport.
Svalbard airport installed a new sewage pipeline at depth into the •
nearby fjord.
Leknes airport lacks oil separators for discharge from the garage/ •
workshop and fire drill field.
Stokmarknes airport improved drainage while extending the safety •
area.
9.8
Other
Avinor is somewhat delayed in phasing out PCB containing prod-•
ucts. Four airports have, however, identified a total 81 window frames, 88 light fittings and 36 electricity feed-throughs. Surveying and phasing out continues in 2008.
Kirkenes was selected as one of the airports where SAS will imple-•
ment “green landings”.
Molde airport purchased new low-emission fire-fighting vehicles. •
Exhaust vents with filters have also been fitted in the fire-fighting garage and workshop.
The deicing operator at Molde airport switched to Safewing MP II for •
aircraft deicing, which has a lower environmental impact than the previous product.
Svalbard airport installed a new oil separator. •
Sogndal airport focused strongly on reducing idling and lowering •
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Air traffic 2005 2006 2007
Passengers number 32,762,346 36,203,619 38,680,147
Aircraft movements number 731,600 762,018 785,694
Passengers per aircraft movement (scheduled/charter) number 44.8 47.5 49.2
Emissions to air: domestic aviation 2005 2006 2007
CO2 tons 999,000 1,041,000 SSB Jan 2009
Share of total emissions in Norway % 2.3 2.4 ”
NOx tons 3,449 3,576 ”
Share of total emissions in Norway % 1.8 1.9 ”
Consumption of deicing chemicals 2004–2005 2005–2006 2006–2007
Aircraft deicing: Glycol liters 822,964 675,473 900,035
Runway deicing: Formate: Safeway SF kg 5,950 11,800 1,500
Runway deicing: Formate: Aviform L50 liters 400 473,209 712,884
Runway deicing: Formate: Safeway KF HOT liters 608,828 259,015 52,019
Runway deicing: Formate: S-Solid kg 0 10,000 50,000
Runway deicing: Acetate: Clearway 6S kg 37,640 36,860 9,640
Runway deicing: Acetate: Clearway F1 kg 600 700 5,348
Runway deicing: Urea kg 66,380 94,440 85,680
Consumption of fire drill chemicals 2005 2006 2007
Fuel: jet fuel A1 liters 72,445 48,801 62,203
Fuel: Diesel liters 6,842 4,630 4,587
Fuel: Petrol liters 2,249 930 274
Fuel: Propane kg 3,944 3,838 1,484
Fuel: Methylated spirit liters 1,166 281 624
Fuel: Kindling wood kg 7,445 4,502 3,610
Extinguishing agent: Foam liters 55,297 24,701 23,975
Extinguishing agent: Powder kg 16,035 13,297 14,226
Consumption of energy 2005 2006 2007
Electricity GWh 100.45 102.46 107.35
Consumption of fossil fuels* 2005 2006 2007
Own vehicles: Petrol liters - 56,552 65,259
Own vehicles: Diesel liters - 1,070,363 1,647 270
Backup power supply: Diesel liters - 62,483 66,922
Heating plant: Heating oil liters - 425,174 417,735
Waste
Mixed waste** tons 1,023 1,309 1,667
m3 1,124 1,151 819
Sorted waste** tons 1,101 711 815
m3 501 189 92
Hazardous waste** tons 560 308 119
m3 22 47 35
Waste oil liters 39,863 42,691 31,693
Separation rate % by weight 62 44 36
% by volume 34 34 16
* Raw data is based on both of invoices and gauging. Data was not available for 12 airports in 2006 and for 2 airports for 2007. ** Waste contractors record collected waste either by weight or by volume.
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SUMMARy OSL
Oslo Airport Gardermoen (OSL) is Norway’s largest and most important traffic hub and also one of the country’s biggest employers. OSL has a policy of taking a serious approach to the environment. As an airport operator, OSL accordingly holds a substantial social responsibility and works continuously to meet expectations and demands that are made. The Environmental Department at OSL also provides its services to all of Avinor’s airports – which both inspires and challenges our staff. In 2007 a new and exciting project for OSL was the Greenhouse Gas Project, which intended to chart and reduce OSL’s carbon footprint. A carbon inventory was prepared for 2006 and 2007 in accordance with “The Greenhouse Gas Protocol” and the ISO 14064 series. Det Nor ske Veritas (DNV) was asked to certify the methodology. OSL accounts for annual greenhouse gas emissions of approximately 5,500 tons of CO2
equivalents. OSL will set targets for reducing emissions from its own operations, and will contribute to the Kyoto protocol’s Clean Develop-ment Mechanism (CDM) by investing in two projects concerning wind power and biomass district heating in India.
In fall of 2007 OSL established a new dedicated web service for neighbours where information and contact information regarding environmental issues can be found. Recent years have demonstrated an increase in traffic volumes, and 2007 was a record year in terms of both air transport movements and passenger numbers. The noise impact from an increased number of aircraft movements is noticeable. A trend from previous years of decreasing aircraft noise levels around the airport has reversed, showing an increase over the past two years. No breaches of the groundwater discharge permit were recorded in the 2006–2007 deicing season, though one breach was recorded regard-ing river systems. The collection rate for aircraft deicregard-ing chemicals this season was 81%. OSL has been given permission for a slight lowering of the groundwater west of the western runway. Three registered oil contamination locations dating back to before the opening of the airport in 1998 are being regularly monitored, along with three deicing chemi-cal contamination locations arisen since 1998. Extensive surveying and monitoring following an oil leakage in 2004 has shown that this incident did not affect the groundwater. Discharged water containing oil from the fire drill field exceeded the maximum permissible
concentra-tion in some samples. In 2007 OSL conducted tightness testing on 8.3 km of pipeline networks for surface water containing chemicals, without demonstrating any leakage.
OSL continued its long-standing energy conservation efforts in 2007. Activities included a trial set-up for upgrading light sources. Thus far a potential annual reduction of 150 MWh in the piers has been demon-strated. One positive result of this is a reduced need for cooling. The consumption of electrical energy has increased in recent years, mainly due to greater facility utilization.
There has been a pronounced increase in the amount of waste gener-ated by the entire airport in recent years, totaling 8,644 tons in 2007. This increase is due to both increased passenger traffic and major construction activity. The source separation rate has fallen to 51.6%, which is part of a steadily falling trend from 57.0% in the peak year 2003. Significant waste volumes are generated in the terminal as a result of stricter security regulations. In 2007 a new collection hub was set up in the termi nal’s goods delivery area, with a large capacity designed to deal with future demands on waste collection.
Air quality at the airport is affected by many factors, such as local and regional emissions and long-range pollution. A mobile monitoring sys-tem that continuously monitors particulate matter (PM10) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) is currently located near the south end of the western
runway. In 2007 limit values for particulate matter and nitrogen oxides were not exceeded. Errors and omissions are, however, expected due to technical problems with the instruments. Compliance is still as-sumed, as limit values may be exceeded 35 and 18 times per year for particulate matter and nitrogen oxides respectively.
Ensuring a good working environment and high degree of job satisfac-tion is important at OSL. In 2007, absence due to illness was stable at 5.5%. Five personal injuries involving absence due to illness were recorded among our employees. Training is an important preven-tive action. 4,048 people completed OSL’s interacpreven-tive HSE course in 2007. November saw another successful annual Working Environment Day, with main agenda points being notification, diet and follow-up of absence due to illness.
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Postal address: Postboks 150, NO-2061 GARDERMOEN, Norway
Office address: Oslo Atrium, Christian Frederiks plass 6, NO-0154 OSLO, Norway
Tel. +47 815 30 550, Fax: +47 64 81 20 01, E-mail: [email protected], www.avinor.no
Design:
Dinamo Red.
Photo:
