Passenger Transport Mode Shares in World Cities

(1)

Passenger Transport Mode

Shares in World Cities

Passenger transport mode share refers to the percentage of passenger journeys or trips by the main mode of transport and is typically reported through travel surveys. Comparing passenger transport mode share across different cities is a challenging task. As travel surveys are typically conducted for long-term strategic planning purpose, such surveys are not conducted frequently and detailed reports are not always published. The situation is further complicated as the surveys are often commissioned by local governments. The geographical areas covered, sampling and interviewing techniques, questionnaire and stratification methods deployed by travel surveys vary greatly in different countries. For example, the definition for a pedestrian trip or a public transport trip may be different in different countries. In cities like Hong Kong, mode share is based on the number of boardings by mode of transport (or journey-stages). In most cities, however, mode share is reported on the basis of the number of journeys, which may consist of a series of boardings on different modes of transport and the main mode is reported as the transport mode.

Mode share is affected by household incomes, land use patterns, and many other economic and social factors. Therefore, the figures may not be directly comparable. They should be

analysed together with the historical, social and economic situation of the city.

The mode share information of some major metropolitan cities in the world is presented. They include the traditionally advanced cities (e.g. London, Paris, New York and Tokyo), newly developed cities (e.g. Hong Kong, Seoul), cities often cited in transport innovations or sustainable transport surveys (e.g. Bogota, Osaka), and emerging mega-cities (e.g. Shanghai, Bangalore) (Table 1). For cities where mode share information of different geographical coverage is available, the geographical area that is approximately in a similar pattern to Singapore is used (e.g. land area, population density).

Table 1: List of Selected Cities

Asia

Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Beijing, Delhi, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Mumbai, Osaka, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Taipei, Tokyo Australia

Melbourne, Sydney Europe

Barcelona, Berlin, London, Madrid, Paris, Prague, Rome, Vienna

NorthAmerica

Chicago, New York City, Toronto SouthAmerica

(2)

AHMEDABAD

Population: 5.6 million Land area: 281 km2 Mode share

Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 16% of all journeys.

Data Sources:

Census of India 2011

Ministry of Urban Development, 2008. Study on Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India

Figure 1: Mode Share in Ahmedabad

BANGALORE

Data Sources:

BARCELONA

Data Sources:

Urban Transport Benchmarking Initiative Year Three, Annex A1. Common Indicator Report 2006

Figure 2: Mode Share in Bangalore

Figure 3: Mode Share in Barcelona

Private transport 25% Public transport 35% Walk 26% Para-transit 7% Cycle 7% Private transport 42% Public transport 16% Walk 22% Para-transit 6% Cycle 14% Private transport 35% Walk 38% Public transport 26% Taxi 1%

(3)

BEIJING

1

Population: 11.7 million Land area: 1,368 km2 Mode share

Data Sources:

Beijing Yearbook 2011

Beijing Transport Report 2005 (in Chinese only, 2005 北京市交通发展年度报告)

Figure 4: Mode Share in Beijing

BERLIN

Data Sources:

Berlin Traffic in Figures 2010

BOGOTA

Data Sources:

Travel survey of Bogota and the Region 2008 (in Spanish only, Observatorio de Movilidad de Bogotá y la Región, Camara de Comercio de Bogotá), Colombia

Figure 5: Mode Share in Berlin

Figure 6: Mode Share in Bogota

Private transport 32% Public transport 26% Walk 29% Cycle 13% Other 2% Walk 15% Cycle 2% Private transport 15% Taxi 4% Bus & BRT 62% Private transport 20% Taxi 1% Rail 2% Bus 21% Others 3% Walk 21% Cycle 32%

(4)

CHICAGO

Data Sources:

Chicago Regional Household Travel Inventory: Mode Choice and Trip Purpose for the 2008 and 1990 Surveys, Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning

Figure 7: Mode Share in Chicago

CURITIBA

Data Sources:

ICLEI EcoMobility Case “Curitiba, Brazil - A model of transit oriented planning”

DELHI

Data Sources:

Figure 8: Mode Share in Curitiba

Figure 9: Mode Share in Delhi

Walk 19% Cycle 1% Taxi 1% Private transport 63% Rail 5% Bus 11% Others 1% Walk 21% Private transport 28% Bus & BRT 45% Cycle 5% Walk 21% Cycle 12% Private transport 19% Para-transit 6% Public transport 42%

(5)

GUANGZHOU

2 Population: 6.3 million Land area: 1,166 km2 Mode share

Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes only motorised modes for all purposes. Mass transit

constitutes 49% of motorised journeys.

Data Sources:

Guangzhou Yearbook 2010

Guangzhou Urban Transport Report 2010 (in Chinese only. 2010 年广州市城市交通运行报告)

Figure 10: Mode Share in Guangzhou

HONG KONG

Based on the number of boardings by mode of transport. It includes only motorised modes

for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 80% of all boardings.

Data Sources:

Hong Kong in Figures 2011

Travel Characteristics Survey 2002, Transport Department, Hong Kong

LONDON

Data Sources:

GLA Intelligence Update 11-2011, Greater London Authority, U.K.

Travel in London, Supplementary Report: London Travel Demand Survey (LTDS) 2011, Transport for London, U.K.

Figure 11: Mode share in Hong Kong

Figure 12: Mode Share in London

Taxi 11% Private transport 40% Rail 14% Bus 35% Others 1% Private transport 11% Taxi 8% Rail 25% Bus / Tram 55% Walk 30% Cycle 2% Private transport 40% Taxi 1% Rail 12% Bus / Tram 15%

(6)

MADRID

Data Sources:

Figure 13: Mode Share in Madrid

MELBOURNE

Data Sources:

Victorian Integrated Survey of Travel and Activity 2007

MUMBAI

Data Sources:

Figure 14: Mode Share in Melbourne

Figure 15: Mode Share in Mumbai

Walk 36% Taxi 1% Private transport 29% Public transport 34% Others 1% Walk 13% Cycle 2% Private transport 77% Rail 4% Bus 3% Walk 27% Cycle 6% Private transport 15% Para-transit 7% Public transport 45%

(7)

NEW YORK

Data Sources:

Census 2010, U.S. Census Bureau

National Household Travel Survey 2009, New York City

Figure 16: Mode Share in New York

OSAKA

Data Sources:

Osaka Prefecture Travel Report 2000 (in Japanese only, 大阪府全体の人の動き第4回パーソントリップ調査から, Japan)

PARIS (Paris et Petite Couronne)

3 Population: 6.5 million

Land area: 762 km2 Mode share

Data Sources:

National Transport Survey 2008 (in French only, Enquête Nationale Transports et Déplacements)

Figure 17: Mode Share in Osaka

Figure 18: Mode Share in Paris et Petite Couronne

Others 6% Walk 39% Private transport 33% Rail 12% Bus 10% Walk 27% Private transport 39% Rail 32% Bus 2% Walk 4% Cycle 1% Private transport 32% Taxi 1% Public transport 62%

(8)

PRAGUE

Data Sources:

The Yearbook of Transportation 2009, Prague

Figure 19: Mode Share in Prague

ROME

Data Sources:

SEOUL

Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes only motorised modes for all purposes. Mass transit

constitutes 63% of motorised journeys.

Data Sources:

Seoul Statistics – Population Trend in 2010 Seoul Statistics – Composition of Daily Passenger Transportation in 2009

Figure 20: Mode Share in Rome

Figure 21: Mode Share in Seoul

Walk 23% Cycle 1% Private transport 33% Public transport 43% Walk 21% Private transport 59% Public transport 20% Others 5% Private transport 26% Taxi 6% Rail 35% Bus 28%

(9)

SHANGHAI

4 Population: 16.4 million Land area: 2,141 km2 Mode share

Data Sources:

Shanghai Yearbook 2011

Shanghai Construction and Transport Commission 2009 (data provided directly)

Figure 22: Mode Share in Shanghai

SINGAPORE

Data Sources:

Singapore in Figures 2011

Travel Survey 2011, Land Transport Authority, Singapore

SYDNEY

Data Sources:

2009/10 Household Travel Survey-Key Indicators for Sydney

Figure 23: Mode share in Singapore

Figure 24: Mode Share in Sydney

Walk 22% Cycle 1% Private transport 29% Taxi 4% Rail 19% Bus 25% Others 2% Walk 18% Private transport 69% Rail 5% Bus 6% Private transport 20% Walk 27% Cycle 10% E-bike 10% Public transport 33%

(10)

TAIPEI

Data Sources:

Taipei Yearbook 2010, Taipei City Government, Taiwan Analysis of Taiwan Transport Modes (in Chinese only, 臺灣地區相關運具使用率指標簡析及探討)2009. MOTC , Taiwan

Figure 25: Mode Share in Taipei

TOKYO (23-Ward)

5

Data Sources:

Tokyo Statistical Yearbook 2009, Japan

Tokyo Metropolitan Area Travel Survey 2008 (in Japanese only, 東京都市圏パーソントリップ調査（交通実態調査）平成20年, Japan)

TORONTO

Data Sources:

2006 Transportation Tomorrow Survey

Figure 26: Mode share in Tokyo 23-Ward

Figure 27: Mode Share in Toronto Others 1% Walk 15% Cycle 4% Private transport 46% Taxi 2% Rail 14% Bus 18% Walk 23% Cycle 14% Private transport 12% Rail 48% Bus 3% Others 1% Cycle & Walk 8% Private transport 67% GO Train 2% Local Transit 22%

(11)

VIENNA

Data Sources:

Vienna Modal Split 2010 (in German only, APA-Grafik Modal Split, Wiener)

Figure 28: Mode Share in Vienna

Notes

1. For Beijing, this includes the traditional urban area, which is only part of the area administered by the Beijing Municipality.

2. For Guangzhou, this includes the central districts (i.e. Liwan, Yuexiu, Haizhu, Tianhe, Baiyun, Huangpu) only, which is only part of the area administered by the Guangzhou Municipality.

3. For Paris, this includes the city of Paris and the surrounding districts collectively called “Petite Couronne” (Little Crown, or Inner Ring): Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne.

4. For Shanghai, this includes the traditional urban area and the Pudong New District, which is only part of the area administered by the Shanghai Municipality. 5. For Tokyo, this includes the traditional urban area

collectively called “23-Ward”, which is only part of the area administered by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government (TMG). Walk 28% Cycle 5% Private transport 31% Public transport 36%