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Brigham Young University Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive BYU ScholarsArchive

Theses and Dissertations 1953

The Position of Adam in Latter-Day Scripture and Theology The Position of Adam in Latter-Day Scripture and Theology

Rodney Turner

Brigham Young University - Provo

Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd

Part of the Mormon Studies Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons

BYU ScholarsArchive Citation BYU ScholarsArchive Citation

Turner, Rodney, "The Position of Adam in Latter-Day Scripture and Theology" (1953). Theses and Dissertations. 5179.

https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5179

(2)

THE

TE

POSITION OF-OF- ADAMADIAH

IN LATTERDAYLATTER DAY SAINTSKUTT SCRIPTURE AND

led

THEOLOGYTILECLOGY

A THESIS

SUBMITTED TO THE

FACULTY OF TIMTHE DIVISION OPOF RELIGIONRELT OF

BRIGHAM YOUNG

university

IN PARTIAL

fulfillment

OF THE

requirements

FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OP ARTS by O 0 suav subv

RODNEY TURNERTLWER

(3)

chu

dhu ch

Historian

historians

office

in

locating

the many sources from which the

material

used

in

this

study was

obtained

and

for

the use of

their

microfilms

there

are

others

who

here

go unnamed

but

who have

every

right

to

feel

that

they have had a

real

though

invisi-ble hand

in

the

accomplishment

of

this

work

hi

epec

cepec

lally

inde

myby

maby

ACEN OWLEDGE TS

I

1 am

especially

indebted

to

certain

cer

eer

een

ain

aln

members of the

fac-ulty

of the

division

of

ligion

Pe

peligion

religion

brig

brie

brighamhamhan youngyouna

university

for

their

critical

examination of

the

manuscripts

manuscript

I

1

thelk

them

in

the name of dr

sidney

B

sperry

director

of the

division

and

chair

chairmanmawnmarn of my

thesis

ccmmitteeeccmmitteecommittee

I

1

also

wish

to

express my

gratitude

to

my wife

for

her

willing

efforts

in

transcribing

my

notes

and

for

sustaining

me throughout the venture and I1

greatly

appreciate

the

in-valuable

assistance

given my by the

staff

of

the brigham young

university

library

and

of

the

church

A C IM ovile D geiGET

mi

T S

4

LO

01 ed

PR

eli

glongion

appreel

late

wh

ich

u1

se

(4)

laphy

naphy

napey

go 90

early

publications

of the

church

vi hat

did

joseph smith teach

the

standard

works

bibliography

pro

iro

blemulem

bpi

Bri bharghar

justini

justiti

cation

catlon

COKTEKTS

chapter

I

1

introduction

page 1

the problem and

its

justification

the

basic

uestions

questions

involved

the method of

study

limitations

of

the

study

II

11 THE DISCOURSE OF APRIL 990

182

1852

the

discourse

itself

analysis

Ans

lysis

of the

discourse

early

reactions

to

the

discourse

1852

18526

185256

III

111

ill

ili

I-

LI THE LATER TEACHINGS OF BRIGHAMBRIPHAY YOUNGYOMGyoong

youg

0 0 0 0 18

182189

18521859

182

1852 18601869 187018721860 1872

189

1859 18701876 1870 1869 1877 1876

A fewpew

conclusions

were brigham

youngs

remarks

misinterpreted

was brigham young misquoted

what

mat

was the source of brigham

brighar youngs

views

what

did

brigham young

believe

IV THETBE VIEWSVIEVIS OF OTHERS 61

1821899

18521899

182

1852

1900present

1900 1899 V

present

JOSEPH SMITH ANDANYDenydennd THE STANDARDSTMDARD WORKS

(5)

ta t3 ormonl ormont CHAPTER

I

1

introduction

the

problem and

its

justification

6

the

purpose of

this

study

is

to

determine

in

so

far

as

is

possible

the

views

held

by

various

leaders

of the

latter

day

saints

relative

to

adam and more

especially

the

official

doctrine

of

the

church as to

his

place

in

its

theology

the

problem

is

based

in part

on the

divergent

and

oft

times

bitter

claims and

counterclaims

counter

claims of members ex mem

bers

and nonmembersnon members of

the

church of

jesus

christ

of

latter

day

saints

over mormon1111ormon

teachings

concerning adam

in

the

light

of a

certain

address

addres

given by

president

Brigbrigtiambrigiambrighamtlamtiamrian young

in

1852

indeed

this

address

and

the

man who gave

it

remain the

focal

point

of much

discussion

to

this

dayo

day

from time

to

time

articles

anti

cotmonmotmon

in

spirit

and

purpose appear

attacking

the

latterday

latter

latten

daydey

saints

and

citing

the

aforementioned address as

irrefutable

evidence of the

blasphe-mous

beliefs

of icormonism

in

general

and

its

concept of god

and

mas

mans

nas

mane

nane relationship

to

him

in

particular

it

is

hoped

that

this

study

will

prove of some value

in

establishing

the

actual

doctrines

of

the

church

thus

revealing

the

truth

whatever

tat

that

evec

ever

truth

may be

it

is

in

that

spirit

that

this

thesis

hashes

been

written

the

writer

trusts

that

it

will

be

received

in

a

(6)

I

1

hat

what have been

the

vles

vies

views

of

other

church

authorities

6 what

did

joseph smith

slaith

sinith

teach

elt ell len ien atw guw 2

the

basic

baic

balc

Q

questions

involved

there

are

eight

balc

baic

bacic

questions

for

which

this

thesis

seeks answers because

of

the

almost

universal

uni

verzal

proisiinencoyrominenco

given

his

views andaad because he

is

the

focal

point

of

the

overall

over

all

problem

four

of

these questions

relate

to

the

teach

r T ett f s a-f sr

z&

9 ft si 7 T S 9 a

5 7 A ii s11 g T

interpreted

2 werewedenerevrede

his

remarks misquoted

in

official

church

publications

3 where

did

he

obtain his

views concerning adam

what

wr

were

werehis

his

views

viea

concerningcon corning adam

prob lem r wr ftw MMM 29 M M W elm 0 9

70 ift

hat

do the

standard

workworks

reveal

concerning adamsadaal1

identity

S

ulat

mlat

is

he

official

doctrine

of

OP

the

e church

of

010

jess

christ

T

of

OIL osl a

latterday

latter

t

saints

day a today I 1

the

t method

eathod

of

study

the

she sha

tha

nature

of

the

problem demands

that

the

writer

divorce

himself

from any

doctrinal

expressions

or

opinions

he has

limited

himself

to

the

evaluation

and

analysis

of

the

quoted

material

alonealoneo the

doctrinal

correctness

of any

given

viewviewy or

interpretation

in

terms of

ultimate

truth

truths

is

something which could

not

enter

into

any

objective

study

of

this

kindekindo

the

writer

does

not

pretend

to

knowknau of any

meano

means fod

for

lod

lor

ascertaining

such

theological

truth

in

keeling

keeping

keeaing with

vith

wit

the

a

prescribed

methodology of

thesis

research

the

shesee

tee

business

(7)

read

road

doad

arrs

erts

acts

mentary mentery

centary

will

dil

dawndain

tho

the

substantiation

of

theological

doctrine

doc

the

trino

writer

has

relied

heavily

upuponon

the

direct

state-ments

stated

state&

of

those

concerned as much a possibles

possible

possibleo

ned

aed

3

of

this

study

is

the

collection

and codr

corr

correlation

alation

of

manifest

fact

not

th

this

ill

do

crease the

likelihood

liklihood

of

errors

in

analysis

on tho

the

wriwriters

writer

writors

part

torg

tors

and

dubiety

on

the

roader

reader

readerts

readar

readers s

it

will

also

permit

the

A

quotes

quotas

to

be

introduced

directly

into

thetho body of the

thesis

rather

than have them

relegated

to

the

oft

unfingered

isolation

of an appendix

much of the

material

ia

in presented

in

its

chronological

sequenced

sequence

sequencee

for

example

the

demarksremarksrolrejroinarksmarks

of

president

young appear

in essentially

the

same

order

in

which heh

uttered

them

the

writer

has

attempted

to

select

those

state

statewstalew

nts

ants

i

which

thich

are

the

most

pertinent

pertinentv

pertinen

th

least

ambiguous and

there-fore

best

beat

bast

baat able

to

stand

alone and

unsullied

by

needless

cormcornCOMOMcomm

mentary

zentary

mentery

men

Zen

tary

the

following

arbitrary

rules

of

procedure have

guided

the

actual

witing

rcriting

of

this

thia

tudyktudy&study

1 be

objective

2

select

those statements

hich

which

aich

most

eairly

eleairly

elegrly

el

and

completely

reveal

a given

persons

persona

personts

persons

views

3

avoid

the

use of

isolated

ambiguous

reference

references

4

accept

all

statements

literally

unless

un

less

they

are

obviously meant

to

be understood

herise

otherwise

ot

ie

5

in

general

base

all

conclusions on

hat

rrhatarhat

is

actually

said

not

on what

is

supposedly

left

unsaid

unaaido

6

look

for

an

overall

pattern

of thought

in

a

given

persons

B pronouncementbpronouncements

7

differentiate

differential

between a

principle

and a

fact

8 b3ba

honest

in

the

use

of

tha

matermated

material

materialomateriale

laio

ialo

lais

and

in

youryoud

conclusions

re ued

az

possi

bleo 20 30 tv

the

per

sonta

sonts

tery

(8)

adam

adan a

4

limitations

of

the

study

this

study doosdoes

not

protone

protond

protoad

to

include

all

facets

of

latterday

latter

day

saint

doctrine

asaz

it

relates

to

adamadaauadaar such

areas

as

adaras

adamas

preexistent

pre

existent

life

his

fall

mortal

life

etcor

comprisecomeomoom

prise

another

study

in

themselves

to

have

introduced

them

a

herein

would have been

to

pass beyond the outermost

limits

which

define

and

confine

a

thesis

therefore

thi

this

thl

thia study

is

limited

to

an examination

of

certain

material relevant

to

adam

adama

identity

and

accepted

position in

latterday

latter

day

sain

saint

theology

(9)

these

thee

words

introduced

brigham

youngs

controversial

socalled

so

called

adamgodbadamAdamnadam God addressaddresad

dress

dresass now

nw

quoted

in

it

ontiret7o

ontlrctj

ag

1g

digcoures

di2eourzes

liverpool

iqq

inq

1854 8459 1

it

467

4647

4047

46 47

hereafter

5 7

designated

as

J

of D themi theme hero

here

ori

gri

boa

bea 1uhor 11 tho

the

members

are

in

lively

operation

waoabo 6

dib

Dig

coures

arn

arb than

the

privileges

of

those

who

tho

dwell abroad

wanon

vhen

wlnon

ehen

ehon your

duties

call

you

into foreign

torolga

le

lenda

lends

ianda

lands

landands and youyortyout

there

exhaust your

stock

of

noledge

knowledgeno ledge and wisdon

idom

wisdom and you

are

not

in

possession

of

the

tho kayakeykeya

to

obtain

that

instruct

lon

ion

1on

hich

which

aich

you

desire

it

is

bocause

bocuae

cocause you

are

zar

far

for

zor

from

the

right

fountain

av

9v 1852182

background

ekeround

of

the

dlgcoy

di3c0ur30

dl

scoy

gcoy

scou

the

me

old

tabernacle

waslwaswasi

amys

nmys

terles

teries

aon

son

CHAPTER

II

11

il

THE DISCOURSE OPOF APRIL 9

filled

to

overflowing aaas

president

youngyour9younyour9

arose

to

address the

evening

session

of

conference he110lleile spoke of

the mysteries

and

said

that

many

of

the

elders

of

israel

desired

to

know

of

chesithesi but he warned

his

listeners

that

here

is

the

place

for

you

to

teach

great

mysteries to

your

brethren

because

re

are those

ho can

correct

you

thi

this

thl

fault

the

elders

of

israel

do

not

fall

into

in

this

Taberna

tabernacle

ciot

elet

although they

my

may

in

private

house

czich

cbicd

czicd and neighborhoods uhenwhenvillen a man

is

capable of

correcting

you and

of giving

you

light

and

true

doctrine

do

not

get

got

gat

up an

altercation

but

buitbult submit

to

be

taught

like

little

children

and

strive

with

tith

all

you

your might

to

understand

tho

privileges

of

those

who

deli

doll

dwell

deil

duell

dueil

here

are

greater

groat

great

from the

t

0 whonwhenehenehon your

face

is

turned

from

the

body

let

m

mysteries

myateries

yzteries

mysmya

terles

teries

alonealones

f

for

cor

or

this

is

13

the

only

place

for

you

to

bo

corrected

if

wrongo

wrong

brongo 1

following

thia

thim admonition

to

the

membership

president

young

briefly

discussed

aniusesientaamu2amenta and

tithing

after

which he

said

I

1 will

rill

close

this

sermon as

I

1

intend to

preach

another

be-fore

I

1

present

the

subject

I

1 more

particularly

ish

wish

to

speak

upon

D

watt

et

al

edsey journal

of

ba ekeround

even

ina

ing

lna

who

el

eri

givingyou

r

fount

ain

far

(10)

dha the tha ohr

chr

istians

biary blacy oor cor rectY

asyou

ahyou

correctly

correcty

6

the discourse

itself

my

nelc

nexc sermon

will

be

to

both

saint

and

sinner

0 one

thing

has remained a mystery

in

this

kingdom upud

to

this

day

it

is

in

regard

to

the

character

of

the

wellbeloved

well

son of god upon which

subject the

elders

of

israel

belovedhave

conflicting

views our god and

father

in

heaven

is

a

being of

tabernacle

or

in

other

words he has a body

with

pacts

parts

darts

the

same as you and

I

1 have and

is

capable of

showing

forth

orth

his

works

to

organized beings as

cor

for

rod

instance

in

the

world

in

which we

live

it

is

the

result

of

the

knowledge and

infinite

wisdom

that

dwell

awell

in

his

organized body

his

son

jesus

christ

has becombecome a

person-age of

tabernacle

and has a body

like

ilke

his father

ether

ather

the

holy ghost

is

the

spirit

of

the

lord

and

issues

forth

from

himself

and may

properly

be

called

oodgodoods

minister

to

execute

his

will

in

immensityimme

nsity

being

called

to

govern by

his

influence

and power but he

is

not a person of

taber-nacle

as we

are

and as our

father

in

heaven and

jesus

lesus

christ

are

the

question

has been and

is

often

asked

who

it

was

that

begat

the

son of

the

virgin

lary

the

infidel

world has concluded

that

if

what

the

postles

apostles

4 wrote

about

his father

and mother be

true

and

the present

ma-rriage

discipline

acknowledged by christendom be

correct

then

christians

must

believe

that

god

is

the

father

of an

legitimate

illegitimate

1 son

in

the

person

of

jesus

lesus

christ

I1

the

infi-del

fraternity

teach

that

to

their

disciples

I

1

will

tell

you how

it

is

our

father

in

heaven begat

all

the

spirits

that

ever

were or ever

will

be upon

this

earth

and

they

were born

spirits

in

the

eternal

world

then the

lord

by

his

power and wisdom organized

the

mortal

tabernacle

of

man we were made

first

spiritual

and

afterwards

temporal

temporals

temporali

temp

now

nowhear

orals

shead

shaad

it

0

inhabitants

of

the

earth

jew and

ge-ntile

saint

and

sinner

I1 ahenvhenvnaenwhen our

father

adam came

into

the

garden of eden he came

into

it

with a

celestial

body

and brought eve one of

his

wives

with

him he helped

to

make and

organize

this

worl

world he

is

MICHAELMICHAM

the

archangel

the

ANCIENTLNCIENT OF DAYSDAYSI I1O0 about whom

holy

men have

written

and

spoken he

is

pur

father

and our god and

the

only godgoa

with

whom WEVIErie have

to

do every man upon

the

earth

pro-fessing

christians

and non

professing

must

hear

it

and

will

know

it

sooner

or

latera

later

1

mynett

mynext

sa

int

show 31 nR

f

be inge

ings

f

or

i

4

v

f

inf

inite

anite

d

eil

eli

ell

0 L X e pe yson

rson

1 ike

f

gods

1 arv

inf

idel

inf

1 b 1 d U he archaarche our 2 br

i

er

afterthe

thechild

A theypneyuney came

here

organized

the

raw

material

and arranged

in

their

order

the

herbs

of

the

field

the

trees

the

apple

the

peach

the

plum

the

pear

and every

other

fruit

that

is

desirable

and good

for

man

the

seed was brought from

another

sphere and

planted

in

this

earth

the

thistle

the

thorn

the

brier

and

the

obnoxious weed

did

not appear

until

after

the

earth

was cursed kihenjhenvihen

dam

adam andend eivesveeve had

eaten

of the

t

uhe

he

forbidden

fruit

fru31t

their

bodies became mortal from

its

effects

and

therefore

their

offspring

were

mortal

rhienvjhenvohenvd ienlen theche

virsia

virgin

virsii

ary conceived

the

child

jesus

the

father

had

begotten

him

(11)

I

1 was

in

conversation

with a

certain

learned

professor

professor

rofessor

upon

this

thid

subject

subjeel

when

I

1

replied

to

this

idea

if

the son wasvaas

begotten

by

the

holy ghost

it

would be

very

dangerousdanZ erous

to

baptise

baptize

and confirm females and

sive

givecive

the holy ghost

ghos

aghos

to

themthelm

lest

he should beget

children

to

be palmedpalmadpalmpaim ad upon the

elders

by the people

bringing

the

elders into

great

difficulties

difficult

treasure

up

these

things

in

ian

you

youryout

hearts

heerts

in

the

tine

bible

you have

read

the

thl

th

thi

hiAIZs

I

1 have

told

pold

rold

you

have nonot

tlc

but

buto

buta

lown

t

1I nown

mst

bat

mat&atvfaat you

did

i

ead

I

1 have tose

tote

pou

jou

you no noremoramorenora

yoi

youroliroiirou

roi

than you

are

axa

conver

conversvconversa

convorscit

SV 1th

ith

bat

but

baftbatt i7hatwl luat do the

chr

chri otondo i people

in

chrigfcendoji with the

bible

ible

bibie

ibie

in

their

hands y kno1 a aaboutb ot L

thl

this

thi

I 1

oal

oai

vahen waken ned red conf cone irm aie

ale luetkuat

leso ieso ilc air la 10 D he

arts

erts

7

in

his

own 1

likeness

ikene

sj

hah3 was

ras

no

r

1It

begotten

b

o

tt

ty

by 14the holy

ohot

ghot

ahot

and iwho

is

A

the

father

father9fathers ho 1

i

the

first

rst

r

st

of

cf

n Ithe

he

1

hun

han

f

L fc

he took

lly

and when a

tabernacle

it

was

gotten

bogotton

gotton

bo by s

father

in

heaven

after

tho- same mcanner

airner

mairnermanner

as

the

tabernacles

c of

cain

oain

abel

and the

rest

of the

thl

sons and daughters of00

ann

anr

lor

aar

cl 0 and

eve from t

Y

the

fruits

of the earthy the

tle

first

earthly

taber-nacles

were

originated

by

the

cohedohedahe

father

fathe-

l

r

andan so oncn

in

n

success-ion I1 sucee

asep

ssep

could

tell

teil

teli

youpou T J

ons muchnuch morezi about

his

but

wre

vre

I1

to

tell

you the whole

truth

blasphemy would be nothing

to

it

in

the

estimation

estinia

tion

of the

superstitious

ard

and

overrishteous

overriteous

overrighteous of

mankinds

rnankindo

man kinds however

I

1 havehelvehalve

told

you

the

truth

as

far

as

I

1

have gone I1 have heard men

preach

upon the

divinity

of

christ

and exhaust

all

the

wisdom they possessed

all

scripturalists

scripturalisus

and approved

theologians

who were

considered

exemplary

for piety

andmd

education

have undertaken

to

ex

pound on

this

subject

in

every age of

the

christian

era

and

after

they

have done

all

they are

obliged

to conclude

by exclaiming

great

is

the mystery

of godliness

n SI

rid

and

tell

nothing

it

is

true

that

the

earth

was organized bybv

three

tl

dis-tinct

characters

namely elvheimElEjejoheimeloheimoheim yahovahyahovohYahovah anand michael

xee

mee

these

three

forming a quorum as

in

all

heavenly bodies

and

in

organizing

element

perfectly

represented in

the

deity

as

father

son and holy ghosts

again

they

will

try

to

tell

how

the

divinity

of

jesus

is

joined

to

his

humanityhunarahumarAhunana

ity

and exhaust

all

their

mental

faculties

and wind

ik

upikoimo with

this

profound language as

de-scribing

thothe soaloulsoulsoai of man

it

is

an immaterialnrimaterial

substances

substancel

sub

what a

learned

ideal

jesus

our

elder

brother

was

stancel

bogottep

bagottep

bobotbogotbagot

in

bd

tep

the

flesh

by the samnesamesama

character

that

was

in

the

oheahe rrardengardenbrarden of

eden and who

Is

our

father

in

heaven now

let

all

ail

ali

who

mar

nay

may

hear

heap

these doctrines

doetrines

pauzepausepauza

before

they make

light

of

them

then or

treat

themthamthom roiirciiwithL h

indifference

for

they

will

prove

their

salvation

or

damnation

damnatio

damnation

I

1 have given you a few

leading

items upon

this

subject

subiect

but a

grat

great

deal more xeromainsremains

mains

to

be

told

nowkow rememberramembe

fom

this

time

forth

and

for

fop ever

that

jesus

chrlstwas

christwas

christeas

ChrlsChris

chuis

not

begotten

by

the

holy

ghost

ghosts

I

1

will

rivillcivill

repeat

a

little

twas

anecdote H 10 1 h ol01 y g

t

a C 4 A na

t

e T c 14 4 ljar L t 4

he

bernac

tabernac

tabernack

ta

a

i

ri

e dau 1

te

I

1 Is ar d

0

earth

th 0 1 1

r

s 145 e a

r

I1 h 0 v

t

r

P

oril

natedbated

te

I

1 ore L L 40 0

he

un 4ae

4e exam

ob 2ir

to W d liilil chael

organi gingzingC 19 &

(12)

ae

3e adam

entered

eden

with

a col

celestial

estial

body

libido

libidp

apppppe

501

8

subject

coniparltivoly

coniparitivoly

nothingsnothing

nothing1

analysis

1

of

the

discourse

president

young begins by

stating that

the

character

character

or

nature

of

christ

has been a mysteryrriystery among

the

saints

and a source of

conflicting

views among

the

elders

eiders

of

israel

to

that

time he

then

briefly

describes

the

individuals

in

the

godhead saying

that

our god and

father

in

heaven and

his

son

jesus

christ

christy

christs

were personages

of

tabernacle

comparable to

mortal

men but

that

the

holy ghost was

not

so endowed

he then

states that

the

question

as to

the

identity

of

the

actual

father

of

christs

mortal body

is

often

asked tz

and

that

some people would brandbraadbrend

christ

an

illegitimate

son

of

god

if

the

account by

the

apostles

Is

true

concerning

jesus

parentage

with

this

introduction

brighta

brighaa

brigham young gives

his

views

of

the matter

briefly

as

follows

god

the

father

begat

the

spirits

of

all

those born on

this

earthe

earths

earth

garthe

garth

2

20 god

then

organized

organi zed

sed

mans

physical

body

eve one of

adams

wives camcameeamcamseams

with

him

5 adam

assisted

in

the organization

of

this

earths

eartho

60 adam

is

michael the

archangel

the

ancient

of days

7 edamadamedan

is

our

father

and our god and the only god

with

whom WE have

to

do

8 seed

for

earths

vegetation

was brought from another

sphere ff

9

the

aortal

ity

of adam and eve

resulted

from

eating

(13)

let

iet

lot

vohy

vjhy

lpfny

it

waswab spoken

of

it

is not

known

for

certain

whyveaytoaytony

president

young

discussed

discuosed

the

bjeet

subject

ajeet

at

all

he

himself

never

said

saide salde

aalde

sald

earlier

that

night

he had

stated

here

is

the

placo

place

for

you

to teach

graat

groat

great

sroat

mysfceriosmyr

to

your

brethren

that

may

git nit

die

dle cussed

eso

est

pause

before

they

make

light

of

them

or

treat

them with

indifference

for

they

will

prove

their

salvation

or da

matlon

damnation

mation

gerics

teri

cs

9

forbidden

or bidden

fruite

fruit

10

christ

is

the

literal

son of the

father

not

of feethe

tle

meamma

holy ghost

11 god the

father

Is

tho

first

of

the

human family

12 god the

fathers

Fat

herts

body was begotten

in

turn

by

his

father

13 god

the

father

originated

the

first

earthly

bodies on

an

this

planet

from the

fruits

fruita

of

the

earth

earths

earthe

garthe

garth

CT

14

this

process

of

origination

has continued on

in

suc-cession

li

the

earth

wa organized by

three

distinct

persons

eloheim elvheim

El oheim yahovahYahovah and michaelKi

16

chael

the

physical

ysica11

body of

chrls

christ

chris

was

begotten

by the same

character

that

was

in

the garden of eden and who

is

our

father

in

heaven

A rsyatery hashab been spoken of

it

is

evident

that

brigham young

felt

he had

revealed

some

thing

of a mystery

something

Soma thAng

that

was

possibly

new and hockingshocking to

at

least

a penperpormporponpornpoc

tion

of his

audience

that

it

was new would appear from

his

statement

that

christ

christ1s

christas

character

has remained a mystery

in

this

kingdom up

to

this

day

that

it

was

possibly

shocking

is

seen

in

duehsuchduch

expressions

as were

I

1

to

tell

you

the

whole

truthy blasphemy would be

nothing

to

ity

in

the

estimation

of

the

superstitious

anandd

overrighteous

of

mankindmankindsmankinds n and

let

lot

all

who

mno

uno may

hear

these

doctrin

doctrines

f

th

e d

ifruitsof

cession& 15 was ph u

msteryhas

wit

s6mathing s

truth

it

e

terics

oris

hnatikinatikn

w

m

(14)

ach

leh ieh

tho

the

parentage

of

christ

is

the

problem

which commandedcommarcommacded

the

attention

of

president

young but

in his

explanation

of

it

he

created

a new and more enduring

contro-versy

in

regards

to

adams

identity

although

we have

listed

hated

eight questions

with which we

are

concerned

in

our

overall

study

thene

there

thare

thane

is

in

reality

but

one fundamental

wembradng

allembracing

all

ali

ail

question

embracing

in

connection with brigham youngyounga what

did

he

believe

tha

the

relationship

to

be between

adamid

adanxmdadammd god the

father

the

father

of

all

those

born

upo

upon

this

earth

this

question

ut

not

be

lost

si

aht

ght of

in

the

massnass of

material

with which we

will

now dealdealsdeaideaisdesis

earla

earlv

earl

eari

reactions

to

the

discourse

185

182618221856

182

1856

the

deseret

newsone

hewsnews one looks

in

vain

in

america

for

any

published

reaction

to the

discourse

this

however

is

understandable

in

view

of

the times

the

isolated

condition

of

aust

must

guestion

question

a

10

have had something

to

do with prompting

his

line

of

thought

that

and a

desire

to

put

n nd

to

the

coiflicting

llcmflicting

conflicting

viewsviewz

vietz

of the

elders

then too

it

should be

recalk

recalled

recali

that

tho

saints

had been

in

utah

something

less

than

five

years

they

numbered

but a few thousand

there

and

in

that

period

before

the

railr-oad

spanneds annedacned

the

continent

they

enjoyed a

rather isolated

condition

this

tended

to

draw them

together

thus

permitting

a

public

exchange

of

ideas

and

expressions

that

many came

to

consider

indiscreet

and

illadvised

ill

advised under

later

circumstances

the quest

on

the

saints

mdsndand the

fact

that

the only newspaper

in

the

terri-tory

in

1852182 confined

its

cements

comiments on

the

conference sermons

to

brief

resumes

res

uneswaesmaes

those

wwhwhichh 1ch werevierevigrezigre

printed

were

published

(15)

seri

serd

scri tures

thl

thi

152 172 nars ngrs

cle3

clea

as

3s VW

richards

was

president

of the

british

mission

at

the

time he may

well

have been the unknown authorsauthorauthor9 09

11

without

any

editorializing

unless

it

involved

civic

matters

on

the

newspapers

part

the

particular

session

of

the

1852

conference with which we are concerned was

reported

as

follows

the elders

endandana

brethren

assembled

in

the

tabernacle

which

was completely crowded

after

the

usual

introductory

exer-cises

pres

pros

ines

inas

young preached

several

sermons on

various

sub-jects

the

holy

ghost

resting

upon him

in great

power

while

he

revealed

some of

the

precious

things

of

the

king-dom

the

millennial

star

stare

staro

in

november 18531855

the

millennial

star

organ of

the

british

mission

of the church

published

the

full

text

of brigham younglyyoungyoungls sermon

in

doing so

it

stated

our

father

adam

the

extract

from

the

journal

tournai

of

discourses

may

startle

some of our

readers

but we would wish them

to

recollect

that

in

this

last

dispensation

god

will

send

forth

by

his

servants

things

new as

well

as old

until

man

is

perfected in

the

trutha

truth2

it

may be

wellto

well

to mention

here

that

the accounts of the

address

in

the

journal

of

discourses

and

in

the

millennial

star

are

identical

in

december 18531855 an unsigned

articles

article5

a

article

5

entitled

adam

the

father

and god of the human11umaneumaneunanfiumanfluman

family

appeared

in

the

millennial

star

giving

a

lengthy

treatment

to the

subject

it

said

in

part

the

above sentiment appeared

in

star

movo 48 a

little

ittle

ittie

lttie

to

the

surprise

of some of

its

readers

and while

the

sen-timent

maymey have appeared blasphemous

to

the

ignorant

it

has no doubt given

rise

to

some

serious

reflections

with

the

more candid and comprehensive mind 9

XV 780 S

editorial

izing

gho

t

starin

r

tl

1

st

ar 1.1 0

then

adam

is

really

god I1 and why not

if

there

are

lords

many and gods many as

the

scriptures

inform us why

eseret

news

april

17 1852

latter

d ay S a

int

s

hll

mil

ienni

lenni

al

star

liverpool

church

of

jesus

christ

of

latterday

latter

day

saints

1840

(16)

well

weil

weli

manew manee indepe

indene ndentadent iii

in

liilil

his

sphere

his

rule

extending

to

those

belobelowbeio and

not

to

thobe

those

above hinhimhid

in

the same

order

orders

mile

while

uhlie

wile

the god of annumunnumunnuxborodbeirodberod worlds

is

acknowledged

to

be

his

god and

father

y adam

still

maintains

his

exalted

position

at

the

head of

all

those rahoi7horvho are saved from nongsong

the holewholehoiewhoie family

of

men and he

will

be god over

all

those

who

cho are madomadenadenado gods from among uenmen As

the

groat

great

broat

eloheimelvheim

is

supreme and

aldlghty

airrghty

over

all

hia

his

hla

children

andardana kingdoms

so

is

adam as

great

a

ruler

imler orOZ

ood

iodpodkod

in

his

sphere over

his

children

and the kingdom whdeh

they

possess

the

earth

arth

and

all

things

upon

it

ezo

edo

wedo

ero

neronedo

created

ereated

for

adam and

it

was given to him of

his

father

to

have dominion over

it2

it02

adama adamt aw 4w 12 should

toulA

sl

not

our

father

adam bobe one

of

themthen

did

he not

prove

himself

himsolf

as

worthyluortfhy

of

that

high

appoallation

as

any

other

being

that

ever

lived

live

upon

the

earth

certainly

hohe

didL

so

far

as

his

history

torny informs us

unless

we can

xcept

exceptexcept

the

son

of

godl

although

the

article

acknowledges adam

as

a god

in

the

patriarchal

sensesenso nowhere does

it

actually

affirm

that

h

is

also

the

spiritual

besbeg

begetter

ettor

of

mankindmankina

the

tone and

direction

of

the

writing

is

11

expressed

in

this

excerpt

xcerpt

in

the

patriarchal

order

of

government acheacheschosch md every

ruler

is

independent

i

fear

brinketh

bringeth

brin

bri

ngethKeth tormenta

tormentsre

torments

regardless

cardie as of the

connotation

put

upon brigham

youngs

remarks concerning adani

it

is

apparent

that

the

doctrine

was

tas

upsetting

the

theolo

theological

Sical

equilibrium

of

some

of

the

membership

in

england

that

it

was having a

similar

effect

in

america

la

is

also

true

trueg under

the

caption

fear

iffeargiffear

bringeth

Bri ngeth torment 5

w

the

etnar

stqr

stnar agnabnag n made

reference

to

adam a week

after

the

previous

reference

was

published

it

has been

said

that

edamadadanadamam

is

the

god and

father

of

the

human

huian

hutan fei

amily

fmily

fel

ily

liy

and persons are perhaps

in

fear

and

great

trouble

of mind

lest

lost

iest

they

have

to

acknowledge him as such

in

some

future

dayodaydaye

for

our

part

werveuve would much

rather

ack

knowledge nowledge

nowledge adam to be our

father

than

hunt

for

another

and

talle

taire

take up

with the

thie devliodevilo

if

these

things

have power

to

illeimial

stav

stat

op cita

cit

cito XV 801180144

boli

boii

801bolboi 44

ibid

1

infra

p 76

hi

eif

elf

j d

certain

y e he ad e w

brighamyoungs

0 040

citv

xvixv0

21bid ingray

infray

pe 769

(17)

ould ouid auld

elre

elde

otmcoz

case caso

neral

nepal was waz li ll

libid

bibid

13

disturb

the pure mindsmindmindt wouee aDDreapprehendhend

that

oveneven

greatco

greater

oublos

troubles

than

thar

these

may

arlda

arise

before marodndmankind

leam

loan

ioan

lean

all

ali

ail

a

the

pav

par

ticulsro

of

christa

christ9

a

incarnation

in

cagnati

carnati

on howhohov and by whom hohe wasvyasuras

badlotto

bogotton

gotton

baglotto

bo the

character

of the

relation

relationships

chips formed by

that

act

the

number

of

wives and

children

alldren

he had and

all

other

circu2i3tancs

with

whichenichmnich he was connected sndand by

aich

hich

he

was

vas

tried

and tempted

in

all

thira

things

thina

like

unto mannan whatever

mw

moy

may prove

to

be

the

facts

in

the casey

it

certainly

wculdculdwould

exhibit

a

great

degree of

ol

01 wreawaesweaknessAmess on

the

part

of any one

to indulge

in

fears

and

anxieties

about

that

which he has

no power

to

control

controls

facts

still

remain

facts

whether

kept

or

revealedl

revealed1

revealedly

reveadevea

revealed

the

ledl

1

true

meaning of

president

youngs

discourse

was an

unsettled

settled

um

question

nothing

that

may be

taken

as

official

was forthcoming

from one of thetiletuieuuie

general

authorities

of the church

until

some

six

months

later

when

franklin

D

richards

a member

of

the

quorum

of

the twelve

apostles

arrived

in

england

to

assume

leadership

of

the

british

mission

the london

general

conference

in

june 18 a

special

conference was

held

in

london

attended

by most

of

those involved

in

the

missionary

labors

of

tte

church

in great

btl

Bri

britain

taino

taine

the

vimary

primary purpose of the conference was

apparently

to

introduce

the new

mission

president

to

those

with

rihemvdiomrihom he

ould

would

ouid

be work

ing and

to

bid thethae

ra

tiring

retiring

president

pros

ident

3 W

richards

farewell

in

the

course

of

the

conference

various

nissi

nissl

onaris

onaries

fonaries were

called

upon

to

report

the

status

of

their

individual

conference

districts

distrietso

three

of the

reports

made

reference

to

adamsadamo

they

ctheathe members of

his

conference

district3

districts

are

lacking

faith

on one

principle

the

last

cat

that

as

lot

out

of

the

bag polygamy has been got over

pretty

well

that

cloud has vanished away but

they are

troubled

about adam being our

father

and god thede

there

thode

is

a very

intelligent

person

investigating

our

principles

aladandazadglad who has been a

great

ozeat

helpheiphe p

to

the

saints

he has

all

the

works andruidguid can

get

got

along very

well

weli

weil with everything

else

but tllethetile

laat

last

baat

tcat

ecat

cat

libido

deco 1

l83

183

ppppoapo

82126

821

n

tn

ar

a 1

c ul arcarn

chri

s

t

I1

n

w me

1854

atte

ndedanded

(18)

lse

ise

ize

all

ourolarolupovar

political

religious

and

dome-stic arrangements and

the

announcement

of the

tha

position

which

adam our

great

progenitor

occupies among the gods have

marked your

presidency

as

a

special

epoch

in

the

history

of the

british

mission4

mission

missione

apostle

franklin

D

richards

ho

rho was

presiding

over

this

special

three

day conference took up

the

question

of

adam

adan before the assembled

missionaries

he

told

them

that

they

should not

let

tha new

doctrine trouble

them

aid

cad

eid

eld

aad he

released

them

thorn

therm

themm

f

fromrom

all

11

obligation

obligati

obligato

obliga

ti

on

to

prove

this

from

the

old

scriptures

for

you cannot

if

you

try

9

iti

ttl

ita

I

1

instructed

hinahimhira

hin

to wrate

urite

write

to

liverpool

upon

itl

it1

relative

bela

Rela

beia

tivo

to

the

principles

recently

revealed

we havohave

not

the

slightest

difficulty

seg

see

that

clearly

he

ulii

rill

will

becomobeconiobacomo a mormino

mormono

mozon

Moruonomono

iyl lyl

tle

tie

blip

brip

am

ebido

1bido 0

1

and as soon as h can ec

if

ad&a1 s being our

father

and god cannot be proved by

the

bibie

bible

bl e

it

i

t

i

is

s

al

all

ail

ali

rights

I

1

believe

in

the

principle

of obedience and

if

I

1 amaumaawra

told

that

adam

is

our

father

and our god

I

1

just

believe

it3

in

a memorial

to

S W

richards

ho

had been

president

of

the

british

mission

from maymayo 1852

to

june 18 the

missionaries

paid

him

tribute

saying

in

part

it

has

alien

fallen

allen

align

to your

lot

to

preside

over the

british

saint

saintf

saints r

at

a time andend under circumstances

unparalleled

in

the

history

of

tho

the

work

vork

in

this

country

the

introduction

of the law

of

celestial

marriage whichwuhruh ich

in

its

operations

operationsp

operation

will

revolutionize

revolution

if

as

elder caff

all

ail

ali

remarked

there are

those who arearaenaene

wait-ing

Y

at

the door of

the

church

for

this

objection

to

be

re-moved

tell

such

the

prophetProlo

het

and

epostle

apostle

brinhambripham has

de-clared

ite

and

that

tt

it

1

is

th

the word of

the

lord

that

is

vastly

stronger

1cronger

proof

than christendom

christ

endora can give

for

muchnuch

luch

that

hat

they

profess

to

believe

tell

the

saints that

if

this

libido

XVI 482 remarks

of

elder

honas

thonashomasthomas

caff

all

aus

ali

ail

auaana

bid

2 p 83 remarks

of

elder

eder

elden

eiden

joseph

hall

3lbi

350id

350

elbi

d p 30 remarks of

elder

eider

elcer

jamesjariss A

little

References

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