A b
s
t
r a c
t
T
em
p
o r al
an
d
sp
ati
al
v a ri
ab
i l i
t y
h
a sb
e e n e x am i
n ed i
nt
h
e sp
e ci
at
i
o n a nd
c o n c e n
t
r at
i
o n of
di
si
nf
e ct
i
o nb y
-p
r od
u ct
s(
D
B F
s)
at t
w
od
ri
nk i
ng
w
at
e rt
r e atm
e nt
p l
an t
sp
r a ct
i
cin
g
ch l
o r am
in
at
i
o nin
t h
eU
ni
t
ed S
t
at
e s.T
h i
sw
o rk w
a sp
a rt
of
a n ep
i d
em i
ol
og
i
c al
s
t
ud
y
i
nw
h i
ch
a sp
e ci fi
c s u sp
e ct
ed
r ep
r od
u ct
i
v eh
e alt
h
ef f
e ct
of
t
h
e s eD B F
sw
a sb
ei
ng
c
h
a r a ct
e ri
z ed
.C
om
p
a r at
i
v e a n al
y
si
sh
a sb
e e n c o nd
u ct
ed
t
o e v al
u at
et
h
ew
e ek
l y
v a r
i
ab i l i
t y
i
n c o n c e nt
r at
i
o n a nd
sp
e ci
at
i
o n of h
al
og
e n at
ed
D B F
s at
t
h
et
w
o sit
e s(
S
i
t
e1
a
n
d S i
t
e3
)
, sp
e ci f
i c al l y f
o rf
o u rt
ri h
alo
m
et
h
an
e s(
T H
M
4
)
, ni
n
eh
al
o a c et
i
c a ci d
s(
H A A 9
)
,a n
d
t
ot
al
o rg
a ni
ch
al i d
e(
T
O X
)
.A
t
h i
rd w
at
e r(
Si
t
e2
)
,w i
t
h l
ow l
e v el
so
f
al l
D B F
s,w
a su s e
d
a s a c o nt
r ol f
o rt
h
eh
e al
t
h i
m
p
a ct
s c om
p
o n e nt
of
t
h
e st
ud
y
.T
h
e sp
at
i
al
a nd
t
em
p
o r al
v a r
i
ab i l i
t y
in
t
h
eD B F
l
e v el
si
nt
h
e s ew
at
e r sw
e r e al
s o e x am
i
n ed
t
h
r o ugh
s e v e r al
sh
o rt
-t
e rm i
nt
e n si
v e s am
p l i
ng
e v en
t
s.T h
et
ot
al
o rg
an
i
c c a rb
o n(
T
O C
)
c on
c e nt
r ati
o n s a r e si
m
i l
a ra
t
S i
t
e1
an
d 3
,a v e r a
g i
ng
b
et
w
e e n5
-8 m
g
/
L
a nd
t
h
et
ot
al
T
H
M
4
a nd H A A
9
c on
c e nt
r at
i
o n s a r e al
s o
s
i m i l
a r at t
h
et
w
o si
t
e s.T h
e a v e r ag
e of
5 2
w
e ek l
y T
H
M
4
m
e a s u r em
e nt
st
ak
e ni
n2
0
0 3
w
a s6
2
.4 )
ag /L
at
Si
t
e1
a nd
5
8
.3
|
a.g/L
at
S i
t
e3
; t
h
e a v e r ag
eH
A
A 9
c o n c e nt
r at
i
o nf
o r2
0
0 3
w
a s4
9
.0
|
j,g
/ L
at
Si
t
e1
a nd
4
6
.0 j
^g
/
L
at
Si
t
e3
.H
ow
ev
e r,t
h
et
w
op l
an
t
st
r e at
s u r
f
a c ew
a
t
e r sw i
t
h
s uf fi
ci
en
t
l
y
d i f f
e r en
t
b
r om i d
e c o n c en
t
r at
i
o n st
o si
g
ni f
i c an
t
l
y
i m
p
a ct
D B F
sp
e ci
at
i
o n.T
h
e s o u r c ew
at
e r at
Si
t
e1
e xh i b i
t
s v e ry
l
ow b
r om i d
e c o n c en t
r ati
o n sn e a r
t
h
eli
m
i
- of
p
r a ct
i
c al q
u a nt
i
t
at
i
o n(
2 0
-3 0
|
ag
/ L
)
a nd
p
r od
u c e sm
o st
l
y
ch l
o ri
n e-s u
b
st
it
ut
ed D
B F
sw
h
i
l
e at
Si
t
e3
t
h
e s o u r c ew
at
e rh
a sh
i
g h
e r c o n c e nt
r at
i
on
s of
b
r om i d
e(
1 5 0
-4 0
0
|
ag
/
L
)
a nd m
o r eh
i
g h l y
b
r om i
n ed i
f f
e r en
c ei
s ap p
a r e nt
i
nt
h
eb
r om
i
n ei
n c o rp
o r at
i
on
f
a ct
o r s(
B I F
s)
, am
e a s u r e of t h
ea
m
o un
t
of b
r om in e
b
ei
ng i
n c o rp
o r at
ed i
nt
o aD B P
g
r o up
, at t
h
e s etw
o si
t
e s.T h
e a v e r ag
eT H
M
4 B I F
at
S i
t
e1 i
s0
.3 w h i l
e at
Si
t
e3 i
t
i
s ap p
r o xi m
at
el
y
f
o u rt
im
e sla r
g
e r at
1.
3
,in
d i
c at
i
ng
t
h
ei
n
fl
u e n c e of
s o u r c ew
at
e rb
r om i d
e c o n c e ntr a
t
i
o n o nD B P
sp
e ci
ati
o n .R
eg
ul
at
i
o n of
t
ri h
al
om
et
h
a n e s(
T H
M
s)
an
d h
alo a c e
t
i
c a ci d
s(
H A A
s)
in
d
rin
k i
ng
w
at
e ri
s c u r r e nt
l y
ap p
r o a ch
ed
a s
ag
r o up
m
e a s u r em
e nt,
T H
M
4
a nd H A A S,
w h
e r eH A A S
is a s u
b
s
et
o
f H A A 9
th
a
t
d
o e s n ot
i
n cl
ud
ef
o u r of
t
h
eb
r om
in e
-c on
t
ai
n
in
g H A A
s.It
is
s u s
p
e ct
ed
t
h
at t
h
eh
e al
th
ri
sk
s a s s o cia
t
ed w i
th in
d iv
i du a
l D B P
sp
e cie s v a r
y
, an
d
th
at t
h
eb
r om
i
n at
ed b
y
-p
r od
u ct
sm
ay
b
e a s s o cia
t
ed w i
th
m
o r en
eg
at
iv e
h
e a
lt
h i
m
p
a ct
st
h
a nt
h
ec
h l
o rin
at
ed
sp
e cie s
.T h
e r ef
o r e,t
h
e c u r r e nt
s i un
m
at
io n
-
b
a s ed
r eg
ul
at
o ry
ap
p
r o a ch m
ay
n o
t
a c c u r at
el
y
r efl
e ct
o rp
r ot
e ct
ag
ain s
t
T H
M
a nd H A A
e xp
o s u r et
o c on
s um
e r s.T h i
sr e
p
o rt
ad d
re ss
e s
th
e s e r e
g
ul
a
t
o ry
w
e ak
n
e s s e s an
d p
r o vi d
e s s ug g
e sti
o n sf
o
r al
te r n a
ti
v eT
a
b
l
e o
f C
o
n
t
e
n
t
s
1
.I
ntr o
d
u ct
io n
1
2
.L i
t
e r at
u r eR
e vie
w
4
2
.1.
D i
sin
f
e ct
i
on
4
2
.1.
1
.C h lo r
i
n
eD i
si
nf
e ct
i
o n4
2
.1
.2
.C h lo r a
m i
n eD i
si
n
f
e ct
io
n
5
2
.2
.B
r e ak p
oi
nt
C h l
o ri
n at
i
o n7
2
.3
.D i
si
n
f
e ct
i
on
B y
-
Pr
o
d
u
ct
s
9
2
.4
.D B P R
eg
ul
at
i
on
s1 1
2
.5
.E
x
p
o s u r e12
2
.S
.1
.M
i
sc
la s s
i fi
ca
t
i
o n of
E
xp
o s u r ein
E
p
i d
em
io
l
og
ic
al St
ud i
e s12
2
.S.
2
.W
e
ak
n
e s s es
i
nt
h
eR
eg
ul
at
o ry
A p p
ro
a ch
t
oC h
a ra
ct
e ri
zi
n
g E
xp
o s u r e13
2
.6
.N
at
u r al O
rg
a ni
cM
at
t
e r an
d C
o ag
ula
t
io n
14
2
.6
.1
.C
o ag
ul
at
i
o n14
2
.6
.2
.T
h
eN
at
u r e of
t
h
eO
rg
an
i
cM
at te r
I
S
2
.6
.3
.T O C R
ed
u
ct
io
n
T h
r ou
gh E
nh
an
ce
d C
oa
g
u
la
t
io
n
1 6
2
.7
.D B P F
o rm
a
t
i
o nP
ot
e n
t
i
al
17
2
.7
.1.
D i
s
in
f
e ct
an
t
T
y
p
e17
2
.7
.2
.D i
sin
f
e ct
an t
D
o s e1
7
2
.7
.3
.R
e
a ct
io n
T i
m
e
19
2
.7
.4
.W
a
t
e
rQ
u al it
y P
a r am
et
e rs
1 9
3
M
et
h
od
s2 4
3
.1
.
S
ele c
ti
o n of Sa
m
p l i
n
g Si
t
e s2 4
3
.2
.S
ele c
t
i
o
n of R
ep
r e se
nt
at
i
v eSa
m
p l i
n
g P
oin
t
s at
E
a ch Sit
e2 S
3
.3
.S
am
p l
eB
ot t
le
P
r ep
ar
at
i
o n2 5
3
.4
.Sa
m
p l
e
C
ol l
e
cti
o n
2 9
3
.5
.D B
P
A
n
al
y
sis
3 0
3
.5
.1
.Sa
m
p
le
H
ol d in
g
T i
m
e3 0
3
.5
.2
.C
al i b
r at
i
on
C
u r v e s3 0
3
.5
.3
.M
at
rix
Sp i k
e
Sa
m
p l
e s3 1
3
.5
.4
.T H
M
A
n
al
y
si
s3
1
3
.5
.5
.H A A A
n
al
y
s
is
3 2
3
.5
.6
.T O X A
na
l y
si
s3 3
3
.6
.Q
u a
l i
t
y A
ssu r an
c e3 4
4
.R
e su
lt
san
d D is c
u
s si
on
3 6
4
.1
.Q
u
al i
t
y
A
s s u r an
c e of D
at
a4
0
4
.3
.1
.Sp
a
t
i
a
l V
a
ri
a
b i l i
t
y U
nd
e
rF
r e eC h l
o ri
n a
t
i
o n
C
on
d i
ti
o n s
4 7
4
.4
.Se a s o
n
al V
a ri
ab i l i
t y
4
9
4
.5
.D i
um
al V
ari
ab i l i
t y
5 8
4
.6
.D i
st
ri b
u
t
i
o nF
r eq
u e n cy
6 3
4
.7
.Sp
e cia
ti
o nP
at t
ern
s6 5
4
.7
.1
.T H
M
Sp
e ci
a
ti
o
n6 6
4
.7
.2
.H A A Sp
e ci
at
i
o n6 7
4
.8
.T O
X
7
0
4
.9
.B
r om i
n
eI
n c o rp
o r at
i
o nI
nt
oD B F
s7 3
4
.9
.1.
R
el
ati
on
sh ip
sA
m
on
g
B
r om
i
n
eI
n
c o rp
o r at
i
on
F
a cto r s
7
6
4
.9
.2
.R
el
ati
o n sh i p B
et
w
e en
B I F
an
d C hl
ori
n e an
d B
r om
i d
eC
on
c en
t
r at
io
n
s ...7
8
4
.10
.G
r o up S
um m
at
io n s
82
4
.1 1
.A
s s e s si
ng t
h
eC
u r r e nt
R
eg
u
la
t
o ry
A p p
r o a ch
8 5
4
.12
.R
eg
ul
at
o
ry D
ef i
ci
e n ci
e s8 9
5
.C
o n
cl
u
si
on
s an
d R
e c om
m
e nd
at
io
n
s9 2
5
.1
.C
o n cl
u si
o n s9 2
5
.2
.R
e c om
m
e nd
a
ti
o n s9 3
A p p
e nd ic e s
10 3
1
.1.
L O
W
G
e n e r at
i
o nS
y
ste
m
10 3
1.
2
.C h
ain
of C
u st
od y D
o c um
e nt
s1 0 6
1.
3
.E
x am
p l
eW
e ek l
y
Sa
m
p l i
n
g A
n
al y
si
s
St
at
us
S h
e et
10 9
1
.4
.S
t
a nd
a rd
O
p
e r at
i
ng
P
r o c ed
u r e s :T H
M
A
n
al
y
sis
1 10
1
.5
.St
a n
d
a rd
O
p
e r at
i
n
g P
r o c ed
u r e s :H A A A
n
al
y
sis
1
3 0
1
.6
.St
a n
d
a rd O p
e r at
i
ng P
r o c ed
u r e s :T O X A
na
l y
si
s1 52
1
.7
.A
n
al
y
si
s an
d I
n t
e rp
r et
at
io n
P
r o c ed
u r e sf
o rC h
r om
ato
g
r ap h i
cR
e s ult
s16 2
1
.8
.E
x am
p l
eE
x c el O
ut
p
ut
F i l
e :T H
M
D
at
aI
nt
e rp
r et
at
i
o n1 86
2
.1.
Si
t
e1
I
n
t
e n siv e
Sp
ati
al
St
ud y
D
at
a(
F
e
b
r u a ry
2 0 0 3
)
U
nd
e rC
om
b i
n
ed
C h l
ori
n
at
io
n
C
on
d it
i
on
s19 1
2
.2
.S i
t
e3 I
nt
en
siv e
Sp
ati
al St
udy D
at
a(
J
u n
e2 0 0 3
)
U
nd
e rC
om
b i
ne
d C h l
ori
n a
t
i
o
nC
o
nd it
i
o n s19 2
2
.3
.C
um
ula
t
iv e
F
r eq
u
e n cy D
at
af
o rSit
e s1,
2
an
d 3
19 3
2
.4
.Si
t
e1
W
e ek l y S
am p l
eD
at
a2 0 6
2
.5
.Si
t
e2
W
e ek l y S
am
p l
eD
ata
2 17
2
.7
.Si
t
e1
I
n
t
en
si
v eD i
um
al S
t
ud
y
D
at
a2 3 2
2
.8
.Si
t
e3 I
nt
e n si
v eD i
um
al S
t
ud
y D
a
t
a2 3
4
2
.9
.S i
t
e1
I
n
t
en
siv e
Sp
at
i
al S
t
ud
y
D
at
a(M
a r ch 2 0 0 3
)
U
nd
e rF
r e eC h l
o ri
n at
i
o nC
o n
d i
t
i
on s
2 3 6
2
.10
.S i
t
e3 I
n
t
en
si
v eS
p
at
i
al S
t
ud y D
at
a(
O
ct
ob
e r2 0 0 3
)
U
n
d
e rF
r e eC h l
o ri
n
at
i
on
C
on
d it
i
o n s2
3
7
2
.1 1
.Q
u
a rt
e rl
y
A
v e r ag
e an
d
M
ed i
an
C
o n c e nt
r at
i
o n s at
S i
t
e s1
L is
t
o
f F i
g
u r
es
F i
g
u r e2
.1
.B
r e ak
p
oin
t
ch l
ori
n at
io n
c u r v ef
o r an
i
n
i
ti
al
am m
o ni
an
ifr
og
e nc o n c e n
t
r at
io n
of 1 m
g
/
L
.(
R
ep
ri
nt
ed
:Wa
t
e rC h l
o ri
n at
io n
P
ri
n ci
p l
e s a nd P
r a ct
i
c e s[
14
] )
8
F
i
g
u
r e3
.1
.(
A
-D
)
P h
ot
o s of
ap p
r op ri
at
e s am
p
l
ep
a ck
i
ng
an
d
sh i
p
m
en t t
e ch
ni
q
u
e s,U N C
-C h
ap
el H i l l L
ab
o ra
t
o
ry
2 8
F i g
u re
4
.1
.T
r e atm
e nt
p
r oc
e s s s ch
e
m
at
ic
f
o rt
h
ed
ri
n
k i
n
g w
at
e rt
r e at
m
e n
t
p l
an
t
at
Sit
e1.
3 6
F i g
u
r e4
.2
.T
r e atm
e nt
p
r o c e s s s ch
em
at
i
cf
o rt
h
e
dri
nk in
g w
at
e rp
r od
u c ed
at
Sit
e2
. .3 7
F i
g
u r e4
.3
.T
r e atm
e nt p
r o c e s s s ch
em
a
ti
cf
o rth
ed ri
nk in
g w
at
e rfr
e at
m
e nt p
la
n
t
at
S i
t
e3
.3 7
F i g
u r e4
.4
.P
i
e ch
a rt
sd
ep
i
cti
ng
a v e r ag
eT H
M
4
sp
e ci
at
i
on
f
o rt
h
ey
e a r2 0 0 3
at t
h
eS i
t
e1
(
l
eft
)
an
d Si
t
e3
(
ri
g
h
t
)
w
e ek l
y
s am
p l i
ng
l
o c at
i
o n s3 8
F i g
u r e4
.5
.P
i
e ch
a rt
sd
ep i
ct
in
g
av
e r ag
eH A A 9
sp
e ci
at
i
o nf
o rt
h
ey
e a r2 0 0 3
at t
h
eS i
t
e1
(
l
eft
)
a n
d Si
t
e3
(
ri g h
t
)
w
e ek l
y
s
am
p l i
ng l
o c
at
i
o ns
3 8
F i g
u r e4
.6
.Sp
at
ia
l
va
ri
a
b i l i
t y
of
T H
M
sp
ec
i
e s at
S i
t
e1
un
d
e r ch l
o r am
i
n at
i
o n c on
d i
t
io
n
s,F
eb
r u a ry
2 0 0 3
;
av
e r ag
e of du
p l i
ca
t
e s,R P D
<
5
%
4 2
F i g
ur e
4
.7
.Sp
ati
a
l
va
ri
a
b i l i
t
y
of
T H
M
sp
e ci
e s at
S i
t
e3
un
d
e rc
h lo
ra
m
in a
t
i
o n c o nd i
t
io n
s,Ju
n
e2 0 0 3
;
a ve
ra
g
e of d
u
p l i
c
at
e s,
R P D
<
5
%
4 3
F i
g
u r e4
.8
.T H
M
4
c o n c e nt
r at
i
o n s at t
h
eP
O E
a nd I
sl
an
d
s am
p l i
ng l
o c at
i
o n sf
o rSi
t
e3
.4 4
F
i g
u r e4
.9
.H
A A 9
c o n c e nfr
at
i
o n s at t
h
eP
O E
an
d
I
sl
an
d
s am
p
l i
ng
l
o c at
io n s
f
o rSit
e3
.4 5
F i g
u
r e4
.10
.T O X
co
n c en
tr a
t
i
o ns
at t
h
eP O E
a nd
I
sl
a n
d
sa
m
p l i
n
g l
o c at
i
on
sf
o rS i
t
e3
.4 5
F i
g
u r e4
.1 1
.Sp
at
i
al
v
ari
ab i l i
t y
of T H
M
s at
S i
t
e1 d
uri
n
g
th
ep
eri
od
of
fr
e e ch l
ori
na
t
io n
,M
a r ch 12
,2 0 0 3
;
a v e r ag
e of d
up l i
c at
e s,R P D
<
5
4
8
F i
g
u r e4
.12
.S
p
a
t
i
al
v ari
ab i l i
t y
of
T H
M
s at
Sit
e3 d
uri
ng
th
e
p
eri
od
of
fr
e e ch l
ori
na
t
io n
,O
ct
ob
e
r15
,2 0 0 3
;
a
ve
r ag
e of d
up l i
c at
e s,R P D
<
5
%
4 8
F i g
u
r e4
.13
.W
e ek l y T H
M
sp
e ci
e
s c on
c e nfr
at
i
on
s at
Sit
e1
5 1
F i g
u r e4
.14
.W
e
ek l y d i h
al
og
e na
t
e
d H A A
s
p
e c
i
e sc
o n ce n
t
r a
t
i
o n s at
Sit
e
1
5 1
F i g
u
r e4
.15
.W
e ek l y
t
ri h
alo
g
e n at
e
d H A A
sp
e c
i
e s c on
c e nt
ra
t
io
n s
at
Si
t
e
1
5 2
F i
g
u r e4
.1 6
.W
e ek l
y T
H
M
sp
e ci
e s c o n c e nfr
at
i
o n s at
Sit
e3
5
4
F i g
u r e4
.1 7
.W
e ek l
y d
ih
al
oF i g
u r e4
.18
.W
e ek l y
t
ri h
al
og
e n at
ed H A A
sp
e ci
e s c on
c e nt
ra
ti
o n s at
S i
te
3
5
5
F
i
g
u r e4
.1
9
.D
i
um
al
v ari
ab i l i
t y
in
th
eT H
M
c o n c e nt
ra
ti
o n at
S i
t
e1
P O E
(
A
ug
u
st
,2 0 0 3
)
;
s am p l
e s c ol l
e
ct
ed d
ai l
y
at
n o o n59
F i
g
u r e4
.2 0
.D i
um
al
v ari
ab i l i
t y
in
t
h
eH A A
c on
c e nt
r at
i
on
at
S it
e1
P
O
E
(
A
u
g
u st
,2 0 0 3
);
s am
p
le s c o
l l
e ct
ed d
ai l
y
at
n o o n5 9
F
i
g
u r e4
.2 1
.D
i
um
al
v ari
ab i l it
y
i
nt
h
eT
H
M
c on
c en t
ra
t
i
o n at
S i
t
e3
P O E
(
Ja n u
a
ry
,2 0 02
)
;
s am
p l
e s c o
l l
e
ct
ed
a
t
m
i dn
i gh
t
6 0
F i g
u r e4
.2 2
.T H
M
4
c on
c en
t
ra
t
io
n
s at
tw
o s am
p l i
n
g l
o c at
i
o n sf
o rSi
t
e1 d
u ri
n
g
d i
um
al
s am
p l i
n
g
(
A
ug
u st
,2 0 0 3
)
6
1
F
i g
u
re
4
.2 3
.T H
M
4
c o n c en
t
r at
io n s
f
o rt
w
o s amp
l i
ng l
o c at
i
o n s at
Si
t
e3 d
uri
ng
d iu
m
al
s am
p l i
ng
(
Ja n u a r
y
,2 0 02
)
6 1
F
i
g
u r e4
.2 4
.C
um
u
la
t
iv e
f
r eq
u e n cy
d i
ag
r am
of
t
ot
al
t
ri h
al
om
et
h
a n e(
T H
M
4
)
c
o n c e ntr a
t
i
o n s at
S i
t
e s1,
2
, an
d 3
6 4
F i
g
u r e4
.2 5
.C
um
u
la
ti
v efr
eq
u
en
cy
d i
ag
r am
of
t
h
et
ot
al
o rg
an
ic
h
al i d
e(
T O X
)
c o
n c e nt
ra
t
io n
at t
h
et
h
r e e si
t
e s64
F i g
ur e
4
.2 6
.C
um
u
l
at
i
v efr
eq
u e n
cy
d ia
g
r am of H A A 9
c o n c en
t
r at
i
on
s at
Sit
e s1
an
d
3
.6 5
F i g
u re
4
.2 7
.Cu
m
u
l
at
i
v efr
eq
u
e n cy
d i
ag
r am
i l l
u st
r at
in
g
t
h
eT H
M
sp
e cia
t
io
n at
Sit
e
1
(
n=
14
9
)
6 6
F i g
u r e4
.2 8
.Cu
m
u
l
at
i
v efr
eq
u
en
cy
d i
ag
r am
i l lu
st
r at
i
ng
t
h
eT
H
M
sp
e cia
t
io
n at
Sit
e
2
(
n=
10 0
)
6 6
F i g
u
r e4
.2 9
.Cu
m
u
l
at
i
v efr
eq
u e n cy
d i
ag
r am
i l lu
st
r at
in
g
t
h
eT
H
M
sp
e ci
ati
o n at
Sit
e3
(
n=
8 1
)
6 7
F
i
g
u re
4
.3 0
.Cu
m
u
l
at
i
v efr
eq
u
en
cy
d i
ag
r am
of
th
ed i h
al
og
e n at
ed H A A
s at
Sit
e
1
(
n =
14 9
)
6 8
F i g
ur e
4
.3 1.
C
um
ul
at
i
v efr
eq
u en
cy d i
ag
r am
of
t
h
et
ri h
al
og
e n
at
ed H A A
s at
S i
t
e
1
(
n =
14 9
)
6 8
F
i
g
u r e4
.3 2
.Cu
m
ul
at
i
v
efr
eq
u
en
cy
d ia
g
r am
of
t
h
ed i h
al
og
e n at
ed H
A
A
s at
Sit
e
3
(
n
=
8 1
)
6 9
F i g
ur e
4
.3
3
.C
um
ul
at
i
v efr
eq
u e
n cy
d ia
g
r am
of
t
h
et
ri h
alo
g
e n at
ed H A A
s at
S i
t
e3
(
n =
8 1
)
6 9
F i g
ur e
4
.3 4
.M
e a s u r ed
an
d
im
ac c
ou n
t
ed
o rg
an
i
ch
al
og
en
c on
c e nt
ra
t
io
n
s at
S i
t
e1.
.7 1
F i g
u re
4
.3 5
.M
e a s u r ed
an
d
un
a c c o un
t
ed
o rg
a ni
ch
alo
g
e n c o n c e nt
r at
io n s a
t
S i
t
e3
. .7 2
F i g
u re
4
.3 6
.W
e ek l
y
B I F
s at
S i
t
e s1
an
d 3
(
S I
an
d S 3
, r e sp
e cti
v el
y
)
f
o rt
h
eT
H
M
4
,d i h
alo
g
e n ate
d H A A
, an
d
tri h
alo
g
en
at
ed H A A
s ub g
r ou
p
s7 4
F
i
g
u r e4
.3 7
.C
om
p
ari
s o n of
t
h
eB I F
f
o rd i h
al
og
e n at
ed
H A A
s(
X
2A A
)
a nd T H
M
4
at
F i
g
u
r e4
.3 8
.C
om
p
a ri
s on
of
t
h
eB I F f
o rt
ri h
a
l
og
e n at
e
d H A A
sP
C
3A A
)
an
d T H
M
4
at
Si
t
e s1
(
l
eft
)
an
d 3
(
ri gh
t
)
7 7
F
i g
u r e4
.3
9
.C
om p
a ri
s o n of
t
h
eB I F f
o rt
ri
-
(
X
3
A A
)
an
d d i
-(
X
2
A A
)
h
al
og
e n at
ed
H A A
s
at
S i
t
e s1
(
l
eft
)
an
d 3
(
ri
g
ht
)
7 7
F i g
u r e4
.4 0
.T
em p
o r al p
at t
e r n si
nB I F
, ch l
o
ri
n ed
o se
, an
d b
r om
i d
e c on
ce n
t
ra
t
i
o n at
Si
t
e3
8 0
F i g
u r e4
.4 1
.S l i d i
ng R A A
sf
o rth
eT H
M
4
a nd H A A S
c on
c e nt
r at
i
o n s at
Sit
e1
8 4
F
i
g
u r e4
.4
2
.Sl
i d i
ng R
A A
sf
o rt
h
eT
H
M
4
a nd H A A
S
c on
c e nt
r at
i
on
s at
S i t
e3
8 4
F i
g
u r e4
.4
3
.Q
v i a rt
e rl
y
a v e r ag
eT
H
M
c on
c e nt
r at
i
on
s a nd
r ep
o rt
ab l
eR
A
A
v al
u
e s at
t
h
eSi
t
e1 d i
st
ri b
ut
i
o n sy
st
em
s am
p l i
ng p
o
i
nt
8 6
F i g
u
r e4
.4 4
.Q
u
a rt
e
rl y
a v e r ag
eT H
M
c on c e
nt
r at
i
on s
an
d
re
p
o rt
ab l
eR A A
v
al
u
es
at
t
h
eP O E f
o rS i
t
e3
8 7
F i g
u r e4
.4 5
.Q
u a rt
e rl y
a v e r ag
eH A
A
c o nc
e nt
r at
i
o n s an
d
r ep
o rt
ab l
eR A A
H A A S
v a
l
u
es
at
Sit
e1
8 8
F i g
u r e4
.4
6
.
Q
u
a rt
e rl
y
a v e r ag
e
H A A
c on
c e nt
r at
i
o n s an
d
r ep
o rt
ab l
eR A A
H A A S
L i
s
t
o
f T
a
b l
e s
T
ab l
e4
.1
.C
o rr
el
at
i
o n c o ef fi
ci
e nt
sb
et
w
e e nT H
M
sp
e ci
e s an
d
t
h
e c o r r e sp
on
d i
ng
H A A
sp
e ci
e si
n
t
h
eS i
t
e1
an
d S i
te
3 w
e ek l
y
c o n c e ntr a
t
i
o n s,t
h
e sl
op
e of
t
h
er e
g
r e s si
o nl
i
n e s a r e al
s op
r o vi d
ed
5 0
T
ab l
e4
.2
.P
e r c e nt
m
ol
ef
r a ct
i
on
s of
t
h
ed
om i
n
an
t T
H
M
an
d H A A
c o n st
i
tu e n
t
s at
S i
t
e1
; t
h
e a v e r ag
e of
al l w
e ek l y
m
e a s u r em
e nt
si
sp
r e s e nt
ed
5 3
T
ab l
e4
.3
.P
e r c
e nt
m
a s sfr
a ct
i
on
s of
t
h
ed
o
m
i
n
an
t
T H
M
an
d H A A
co
n st
i
t
u e nt
s at
S i
t
e1 ;
t
h
e a v e r ag
e of
£d l w
e ek l y
m
e a su
r em
en
t
si
sp
r e s en
te
d
5 3
T
ab l
e4
.4
.P
e
r c e nt
m
o
l
efr
a ct
i
o n s of
t
h
ed
om
i
n an
t
T H
M
an
d H A A
co
n st
i
t
u e nts a
t
Si
t
e3
; t
h
e a v e ra
g
e o
f
a
l l w
e e
k l y
m
e a
s u r em
en
t
sa
r ep
r e s e nt
ed
56
T
ab l
e4
.5
.P
e r c e nt
m
a s sfr
a
ct
i
o n s of
t
h
ed
om
i
n
an
t
T H
M
an
d H A A
co n
st
i
t
u e nts a
t
Si
t
e3
; t
h
e a v e r ag
e
of
al l w
e ek l y
m
e a su
r em
en
t
s a r ep
r e s e nt
ed
5 6
T
ab l
e4
.6
.A
ve
r ag
eb
r om
i d
e c o n c e ntr a
t
i
o n s(
m
g
/
L
)
i
nt
h
e s ou
r c ew
at
e r at
Si
t
e3
5
7
T
ab l
e4
.7
.C
o r r el
at
i
on
c o ef fi
ci
en
t
sf
o rt
h
eb
r om
i
n ei
nc
o rp
o r at
i
o nf
a ct
o rf
o rT
H
M
4
,d i h
al
og
e n at
ed H A
A
s, a nd
t
ri h
al
og
e n at
ed H A A
s at
S i
t
e s1
an
d 3
, a sw
el l
a sf
o rt
h
ep
o ol
ed d
at
a se
t
,t
h
e sl
op
e of
e a ch
r eg
r e s si
o nl i
n ei
np
r o vi d
ed
7 7
T
ab l
e4
.8
.C
o ef fi
ci
e nt
s c o r r el
at
i
n
g b
r om
i d
e c on
c en
fr
at
i
on
,
t
h
e r at
i
o of
ch l
o ri
n ed
o s et
ob
r om
i d
e co
n ce
nt
r at
i
o n
, an
d
t
h
e r at
i
o of
b
r om i
d
et
o chl
o
rin
e c on
su
m
p
t
i
o nt
oB I F
at
S i
t
e; t
h
e sl
op
e o
f
t
h
e r e
g
re s s
i
o
nl i
ne s a
r e al
s
op
r ov
i d
ed
7 9
T
ab l
e4
.9
.S
u
gg
e st
ed b
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1
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.
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