Preface p. v
List of Problems Solved p. xiii
Introduction p. 1 Concept p. 1 Nodes p. 3 Elements p. 4 Direct Approach p. 5 Linear Spring p. 5 Heat Flow p. 6
Assembly of the Global System of Equations p. 8
Solution of the Global System of Equations p. 12
Boundary Conditions p. 13
Fundamentals of Ansys p. 15
Useful Definitions p. 15
Before an ANSYS Session p. 16
Analysis Discipline p. 16
Time Dependence p. 18
Nonlinearity p. 18
Practical Modeling Considerations p. 19
Organization of ANSYS Software p. 25
ANSYS Analysis Approach p. 26
ANSYS Preprocessor p. 27
ANSYS Solution Processor p. 27
ANSYS General Postprocessor p. 27
ANSYS Time History Postprocessor p. 27
ANSYS File Structure p. 27
Database File p. 28
Log File p. 28
Error File p. 28
Results Files p. 28
Description of ANSYS Menus and Windows p. 29
Utility Menu p. 30 Main Menu p. 31 Toolbar p. 32 Input Field p. 32 Graphics Window p. 32 Output Window p. 32
Using the ANSYS Help System p. 32
Help Contents p. 33
Help Index p. 33
Verification Manual p. 35
Fundamentals of Discretization p. 37
Local and Global Numbering p. 37
Approximation Functions p. 37 Coordinate Systems p. 43 Generalized Coordinates p. 43 Global Coordinates p. 43 Local Coordinates p. 43 Natural Coordinates p. 43 Shape Functions p. 51
Linear Line Element with Two Nodes p. 54
Quadratic Line Element with Three Nodes: Centroidal Coordinate p. 56 Linear Triangular Element with Three Nodes: Global Coordinate p. 58
Quadratic Triangular Element with Six Nodes p. 59
Linear Quadrilateral Element with Four Nodes: Centroidal Coordinate p. 62
Isoparametric Elements: Curved Boundaries p. 64
Numerical Evaluation of Integrals p. 68
Line Integrals p. 68
Triangular Area Integrals p. 72
Quadrilateral Area Integrals p. 75
Problems p. 78 ANSYS Preprocessor p. 83 Fundamentals of Modeling p. 83 Modeling Operations p. 83 Title p. 84 Elements p. 85 Real Constants p. 89 Material Properties p. 92 Element Attributes p. 96
Interaction with the Graphics Window: Picking Entities p. 96
Coordinate Systems p. 99
Working Plane p. 102
Solid Modeling p. 105
Bottom-up Approach: Entities p. 106
Top-down Approach: Primitives p. 112
Boolean Operators p. 118 Adding p. 118 Subtracting p. 120 Overlap p. 120 Gluing p. 121 Dividing p. 121
Additional Operations p. 124
Extrusion and Sweeping p. 124
Moving and Copying p. 128
Keeping/Deleting Original Entities p. 128
Listing Entities p. 130
Deleting Entities p. 130
Viewing a Model p. 131
Plotting: Pan, Zoom, and Rotate Functions p. 131
Plotting/Listing Entities p. 134
Numbers in the Graphics Window p. 134
Meshing p. 134
Automatic Meshing p. 135
Manipulation of the Mesh p. 141
Selecting and Components p. 144
Selecting Operations p. 144
Components p. 148
ANSYS Solution and Postprocessing p. 149
Overview p. 149
Solution p. 150
Analysis Options/Solution Controls p. 150
Boundary Conditions p. 153
Initial Conditions p. 154
Body Loads p. 154
Solution in Single and Multiple Load Steps p. 154
Failure to Obtain Solution p. 158
Postprocessing p. 160
General Postprocessor p. 160
Time History Postprocessor p. 160
Read Results p. 161
Plot Results p. 163
Element Tables p. 167
List Results p. 170
Example: One-dimensional Transient Heat Transfer p. 170
Finite Element Equations p. 187
Method of Weighted Residuals p. 187
Example: One-dimensional Differential Equation with Line Elements p. 189 Example: Two-dimensional Differential Equation with Linear Triangular Elements p. 197 Example: Two-dimensional Differential Equation with Linear Quadrilateral Elements p. 216
Principle of Minimum Potential Energy p. 235
Example: One-dimensional Analysis with Line Elements p. 242
Problems p. 289
Use of Commands in ANSYS p. 297
Basic ANSYS Commands p. 297
Operators and Functions p. 298
Defining Parameters p. 304
A Typical Input File p. 307
Selecting Operations p. 309
Extracting Information from ANSYS p. 314
Programming with ANSYS p. 317
DO Loops p. 317
IF Statements p. 318
/OUTPUT and *VWRITE Commands p. 321
Macro Files p. 322
Useful Resources p. 324
Using the Log File for Programming p. 325
Using the Verification Problems for Programming p. 326
Linear Structural Analysis p. 329
Static Analysis p. 329
Trusses p. 329
Beams p. 337
Three-dimensional Problems p. 342
Two-dimensional Idealizations p. 346
Plates and Shells p. 373
Linear Bucking Analysis p. 403
Thermomechanical Analysis p. 412
Fracture Mechanics Analysis p. 421
Dynamic Analysis p. 433
Modal Analysis p. 434
Harmonic Analysis p. 444
Transient Analysis p. 459
Linear Analysis of Field Problems p. 477
Heat Transfer Problems p. 477
Steady-state Analysis p. 478
Transient Analysis p. 520
Radiation Analysis p. 543
Moisture Diffusion p. 549
Nonlinear Structural Analysis p. 565
Geometric Nonlinearity p. 569
Large Deformation Analysis of a Plate p. 570
Post-buckling Analysis of a Plate with a Hole p. 573
Plastic Deformation of an Aluminum Sphere p. 579
Plastic Deformation of an Aluminum Cylinder p. 583
Stress Analysis of a Reinforced Viscoelastic Cylinder p. 589 Viscoplasticity Analysis of a Eutectic Solder Cylinder p. 592
Combined Plasticity and Creep p. 599
Contact p. 605
Contact Analysis of a Block Dropping on a Beam p. 607
Simulation of a Nano-indentation Test p. 613
Advanced Topics in ANSYS p. 621
Coupled Degrees of Freedom p. 621
Constraint Equations p. 624 Submodeling p. 629 Substructuring: Superelements p. 636 Generation Pass p. 638 Use Pass p. 644 Expansion Pass p. 646
Interacting with External Files p. 647
Reading an Input File p. 647
Writing Data to External ASCII Files p. 648
Executing an External File p. 652
Modifying ANSYS Results p. 654
Modifying the ANSYS GUI p. 654
GUI Development Demonstration p. 662
GUI Modification for Obtaining a Random Load Profile p. 671 Function Block for Selecting Elements Using a Pick Menu p. 675
References p. 679
Index p. 681
